Nhwɛdo:Convert

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For currency conversion, see Template:To USD and Template:To EUR.

Template {{convert}} calculates a measurement value (number × unit) into the same measurement by a different unit, and then presents the results, formatted. See also the unit symbols recognized by this template.

For example:

{{convert|2|km|mi}} → 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) (km entered, converted into miles)

{{convert|7|mi|km}} → 7 miles (11 km) (mi entered, converted into km)

Numbers can be rounded, units can be abbreviated into symbols:

{{convert|2|km|mi|2|abbr=on}} → 2 km (1.24 mi)

{{convert|7|mi|km|2|abbr=on}} → 7 mi (11.27 km)

Value ranges can be entered using |to|... or |-|...:

{{convert|2|to|5|km|mi}} → 2 to 5 kilometres (1.2 to 3.1 mi)

{{convert|2|-|5|km|mi}} → 2–5 kilometres (1.2–3.1 mi)

Combined effect example:

{{convert|2|-|5|km|mi|2|abbr=on}} → 2–5 km (1.24–3.11 mi)

{{convert|2|and|5|km|mi|sigfig=3|abbr=off}} → 2 and 5 kilometres (1.24 and 3.11 miles)

See Help:Convert for more detailed, technical information

Units to convert

See also: the summary at Complete list of units for {{Convert}} and the complete list at Module:Convert/documentation/conversion data

Enter units to convert from into:

• {{convert|1|lb|kg}} → 1 pound (0.45 kg)

SI units generally accept prefixes, like "m" for milli (10⁻³), and "M" for mega (10⁶)

For "per" units, use "/" (slash): kg/ha (see § 'per' units: kg/ha and § Currency per unit: $/km)

For three-unit units, etc., see Nhwɛdo:Category link/core

Unit name or symbol (abbreviation): 1 pound or 1 lb?

By default, the first quantity shows the unit name, the second shows the symbol (or abbreviation):

• {{convert|1|lb|kg}} → 1 pound (0.45 kg)

Using |abbr=in shows the symbol for first (left-hand side) unit, and the name instead of the symbol for the second unit:

• {{convert|1|lb|kg|abbr=in}} → 1 lb (0.45 kilograms)

To abbreviate both or neither:

• {{convert|1|lb|kg|abbr=on}} → 1 lb (0.45 kg)
• {{convert|1|lb|kg|abbr=off}} → 1 pound (0.45 kilograms)

Convenience: {{cvt}} has |abbr=on by default

Template {{cvt}} is the same as {{convert}}, except that it has |abbr=on as the default behavior. In {{cvt}}, all other options are available. So:

{{cvt|1|lb|kg}} → 1 lb (0.45 kg)

is equivalent to:

{{convert|1|lb|kg|abbr=on}} → 1 lb (0.45 kg)

Adjective: a 10-mile distance

Use |adj=on to produce the adjectival (hyphenated) form:

• A {{convert|10|mi|km|adj=on}} distance → A 10-mile (16 km) distance.

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|10|mi|km}} to go → 10 miles (16 km) to go.

|adj=on does not produce hyphens with unit symbols, as per Manual of Style:

• A {{convert|9|in|cm|adj=on|abbr=on}} nail → A 9 in (23 cm) nail.

Rounding: 100 ft is 30 m or 30.5 m or 30.48 m?

See Help:Convert § Rounding for a more mathematical description of the rounding options

By definition, 100 ft equals 30.48 m. In practical use, it is common to round the calculated metric number. With that, there are several possibilities.

Default rounding

By {{Convert}} default, the conversion result will be rounded either to precision comparable to that of the input value (the number of digits after the decimal point—or the negative of the number of non-significant zeroes before the point—is increased by one if the conversion is a multiplication by a number between 0.02 and 0.2, remains the same if the factor is between 0.2 and 2, is decreased by 1 if it is between 2 and 20, and so on) or to two significant digits, whichever is more precise. An exception to this is rounding temperatures (see below).

Examples of rounding
Input	Displays as	Note
{{convert|123|ft|m|-1}}	123 feet (40 m)
{{convert|123|ft|m}}	123 feet (37 m)	same output as with 0 (below)
{{convert|123|ft|m|0}}	123 feet (37 m)
{{convert|123|ft|m|1}}	123 feet (37.5 m)
{{convert|123|ft|m|2}}	123 feet (37.49 m)	123 feet is exactly 37.4904 m which is rounded to 37 m if this parameter is not specified at all
{{convert|500|ft|m|-1}}	500 feet (150 m)
{{convert|500|ft|m}}	500 feet (150 m)	same output as with -1 (above), because the conversion factor is between 0.2 and 2 (hence, it should produce same double-zero precision (−2) as in the input value), but the conversion must produce two significant digits at a minimum (hence, a higher single-zero precision (−1) is used)
{{convert|500|ft|m|0}}	500 feet (152 m)
{{convert|500|ft|m|1}}	500 feet (152.4 m)
{{convert|500|ft|m|2}}	500 feet (152.40 m)	exact value is 152.4 m
{{convert|500|ft|cm|-3}}	500 feet (15,000 cm)
{{convert|500|ft|cm}}	500 feet (15,000 cm)	same output as with -3 (above), because the conversion factor is between 20 and 200 (hence, it should decrease input value's double-zero precision (−2) by 2), but the conversion must produce two significant digits at a minimum (hence, a higher triple-zero precision (−3) is used)
{{convert|500|ft|cm|0}}	500 feet (15,240 cm)

Convert supports four types of rounding:

Round to a given precision: use a precision number

Specify the desired precision with an integer as the fourth unnamed parameter (or third unnamed parameter if the "convert to" parameter is omitted; or fifth unnamed parameter if a range is specified; or fourth unnamed parameter again if a range is specified and the "convert to" parameter is omitted; needs to be replaced with a "precision" named parameter). The conversion is rounded off to the nearest multiple of

1. REDIRECT Template:Fraction

to the power of this integer. For instance, if the result is 8621 and the rounding parameter is "−2", 8600 will be displayed. If the result is "123.456" and the parameter is "0", 123 will be displayed. Essentially a positive or zero rounding parameter specifies the number of decimal places; a negative value specifies the number of trailing zeroes.

Round to a given number of significant figures: |sigfig=

To specify the output number to be with n significant figures use |sigfig=<number>:

• {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=4}} → 1,200 feet (365.8 m)
• {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=3}} → 1,200 feet (366 m)
• {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=2}} → 1,200 feet (370 m)
• {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=1}} → 1,200 feet (400 m)

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|1200|ft|m}} → 1,200 feet (370 m)

Setting |sigfig= to a value less than 1 is meaningless:

• {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=0}} → 1,200 feet (370 m) N

Round to a multiple of 5: 15, 20, 25, ...

Using |round=5 rounds the outcome to a multiple of 5.

• {{convert|10|m|ft}} → 10 metres (33 ft)
• {{convert|10|m|ft|round=5}} → 10 metres (35 ft)

Similar: using |round=25 rounds the outcome to a multiple of 25.

• {{convert|10|m|ft}} → 10 metres (33 ft)
• {{convert|10|m|ft|round=25}} → 10 metres (25 ft)

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|10|m|ft|sigfig=4}} → 10 metres (32.81 ft)

In a range, one can round each value individually to the default. Use |round=each:

• {{convert|10 x 200 x 3000|m|ft}} → 10 by 200 by 3,000 metres (33 ft × 656 ft × 9,843 ft)
• {{convert|10 x 200 x 3000|m|ft|round=each}} → 10 by 200 by 3,000 metres (33 ft × 660 ft × 9,800 ft)

===Round to a multiple of a given fraction:

1. REDIRECT Template:Fraction

inch===

Specify the desired denominator using |frac=<some positive integer>. (Denominator is the below-the-slash number, for example the 3 in

1. REDIRECT Template:Fraction

).

• {{convert|5.56|cm|in|frac=16}} → 5.56 centimetres (2+3⁄16 in)
• {{convert|8|cm|in|frac=4}} → 8 centimetres (3+1⁄4 in)

The fraction is reduced when possible:

• {{convert|8|cm|in|frac=100}} → 8 centimetres (3+3⁄20 in)

Default behavior uses decimal notation:

• {{convert|5.56|cm|in}} → 5.56 centimetres (2.19 in)

Rounding temperatures: °C, °F and K

In temperatures, the conversion will be rounded either to the precision comparable to that of the input value or to that which would give three significant figures when expressed in kelvins, whichever is more precise.

1. {{convert|10,000|C|F K}} → 10,000 °C (18,000 °F; 10,300 K)
2. {{convert|10,000.1|C|F K}} → 10,000.1 °C (18,032.2 °F; 10,273.2 K)
3. {{convert|-272|C|F K}} → −272 °C (−457.60 °F; 1.15 K)
4. {{convert|-272|C}} → −272 °C (−457.60 °F)
5. {{convert|100|C|F K}} → 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K)
6. {{convert|0|C|F K}} → 0 °C (32 °F; 273 K)

The precision of the input number in example (1) is one digit, but the precision of its kelvins expression is three, so the precision of the Fahrenheit conversion is made three (made 180...) . (1) and (2) seem to belie the fact that a 0.1 degrees Celsius change is a 0.18 degrees Fahrenheit change, and make the 32 degrees difference shown in (1) begin to seem off somehow. Result (1) seems off until you set the significant figures yourself with |sigfig=:

{{convert|10000|C|sigfig=5}} → 10,000 °C (18,032 °F)

or you set the precision positionally, relative to the decimal point (zero being at the decimal point):

{{convert|10000|C|0}} → 10,000 °C (18,032 °F)

The precision of the input number in example (2) is six, so the precision of the Fahrenheit output is six now, whereas before kelvins had determined it to be three. Examples (3) and (4) show how this can be hidden and generate questions, but it occurs there because the kelvins conversion generated the fractional parts. (Before it was the input number that generated the fractional part.) In example (3) the three input digits converted into five significant output digits because of the two digits after the decimal point, generated by the kelvins conversion. This happened again in (5), but in (6) decimal fractions were neither given as input nor induced by the kelvins conversion.

Rounding input

There is limited support for rounding the displayed input number. The rounding takes place after conversion, so the output is based on the full-precision input. This is useful when the input is produced by {{#expr:}} or otherwise available to a higher precision than is usefully displayed, and it's desirable to avoid double-rounding.

To round the input to a specified number of digits after the decimal point, use one of the parameters:

• |adj=ri0
• |adj=ri1
• |adj=ri2
• |adj=ri3

Note that it is not possible to round above the decimal place (|adj=ri-1N is invalid). Neither is there support for significant figures, multiples of a number, or any other output-rounding feature.

The default precision is computed based on the input, so an explicit output precision must usually be supplied:

• {{convert|4.14159|mi|km|adj=ri0}} → 4 miles (6.66524 km) N (precisions are mismatched)
• {{convert|4.14159|mi|km|0|adj=ri0}} → 4 miles (7 km) Y

In this case, if the input were rounded before conversion, a different result would be obtained:

• {{convert|{{#expr:4.14159 round 0}}|mi|km|0}} → 4 miles (6 km) N (rounds intermediate calculation, giving a different result)

Into multiple units: 10 °C (50 °F; 283 K)

Separate the multiple output units by a space:

• {{convert|10|C|F K}} → 10 °C (50 °F; 283 K)
• {{convert|5|km|mi nmi}} → 5 kilometres (3.1 mi; 2.7 nmi)

If the output unit names contain spaces, use + as the separator.

See also:

• For multiple-unit options like 1 ft 5 in, see § In input and § In output.

Ranges of values

For a conversion of a difference, see § Units of difference.

A range converts two values and separates them by your choice of words and punctuation.

A range: 6 to 17 kg (13 to 37 lb)

Range indicators are entered as the second parameter (between the values). Range separators can be:

Nhwɛdo:Navbar-header

Separator	Convert	Result	Notes
-	{{convert|3|-|6|ft}}	3–6 feet (0.91–1.83 m)	Input can be hyphen (-) or en dash (–), output uses en dash
– – (en dash)	{{convert|3|–|6|ft}}	3–6 feet (0.91–1.83 m)
and	{{convert|3|and|6|ft}}	3 and 6 feet (0.91 and 1.83 m)
and(-)	{{convert|3|and(-)|6|ft}}	3 and 6 feet (0.91–1.83 m)	|abbr=on abbreviates the first unit
and(-)|abbr=on	{{convert|3|and(-)|6|ft|abbr=on}}	3 and 6 ft (0.91–1.83 m)
or	{{convert|3|or|6|ft}}	3 or 6 feet (0.91 or 1.83 m)
to	{{convert|3|to|6|ft}}	3 to 6 feet (0.91 to 1.83 m)
to(-)	{{convert|3|to(-)|6|ft}}	3 to 6 feet (0.91–1.83 m)	|abbr=on abbreviates the first unit
to(-)|abbr=on	{{convert|3|to(-)|6|ft|abbr=on}}	3 to 6 ft (0.91–1.83 m)
to about	{{convert|3|to about|6|ft}}	3 to about 6 feet (0.91 to about 1.83 m)
+/-	{{convert|3|+/-|6|ft}}	3 ± 6 feet (0.91 ± 1.83 m)
± ±	{{convert|3|±|6|ft}}	3 ± 6 feet (0.91 ± 1.83 m)
+	{{convert|3|+|6|ft}}	3 + 6 feet (0.91 + 1.83 m)
,	{{convert|3|,|6|ft}}	3, 6 feet (0.91, 1.83 m)
, and	{{convert|3|, and|6|ft}}	3, and 6 feet (0.91, and 1.83 m)
, or	{{convert|3|, or|6|ft}}	3, or 6 feet (0.91, or 1.83 m)
by	{{convert|3|by|6|ft}}	3 by 6 feet (0.91 by 1.83 m)
x	{{convert|3|x|6|ft}}	3 by 6 feet (0.91 m × 1.83 m)	|abbr=on abbreviates and repeats the first unit
× ×	{{convert|3|×|6|ft}}	3 by 6 feet (0.91 m × 1.83 m)
x|abbr=on	{{convert|3|x|6|ft|abbr=on}}	3 ft × 6 ft (0.91 m × 1.83 m)
xx	|xx| is deprecated. Use |x| instead
*	|*| is deprecated. Use |x| instead

Multiple dimensions: 6 m × 12 m (20 ft × 39 ft)

Use by:

• {{convert|6|by|12|ft|m}} → 6 by 12 feet (1.8 by 3.7 m)

Use ×, multiplication sign, or x, letter:

• {{convert|6|x|12|m|ft}} → 6 by 12 metres (20 ft × 39 ft)

In science, the formal way is to set |x| and |abbr=on (keeping dimensions right, like in area = x km²):

• {{convert|6|x|12|m|ft|abbr=on}} → 6 m × 12 m (20 ft × 39 ft)

Lists of values: 20, 40, or 60 miles

{{convert|20|,|40|, or|60|mi}} → 20, 40, or 60 miles (32, 64, or 97 km)

About feet, inch in ranges and multiples

While it is possible to enter feet, inch in a simple conversion, this is not possible for ranges:

• {{convert|1|ft|3|in|x|3|ft|5|in|mm}} → 1 foot 3 inches () N

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|1|ft|3|in|mm}} → 1 foot 3 inches (380 mm)

However, converting metric units into feet and inches with |order=flip can produce the desired output:

• {{convert|380|x|1040|mm|ftin|order=flip}} → 1 foot 3 inches by 3 feet 5 inches (380 mm × 1,040 mm)

Words

Spelling of unit name: international metre or US meter?

Default spelling of units is in the en (generic) locale. To show en-US spelling, use |sp=us:

{{convert|1|m|ft}} → 1 metre (3.3 ft)—default

{{convert|1|m|ft|sp=us}} → 1 meter (3.3 ft)

Spell out numbers: ten miles

To write a number in words, use |spell=in:

• {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=in}} → 10 miles (16,000 m)

To spell out both in and out values, use |spell=on:

• {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=on}} →

To make the first letter a capital, use |spell=In, |spell=On

• {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=In}} → 10 miles (16,000 m)
• {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=On}} →

Inserted before units: 4 planted acres

• {{convert|4|acre||adj=pre|planted}} → 4 planted acres (1.6 ha)

disp=preunit is similar, but has no separator after the specified text, and can have different text for the output value:

• {{convert|4|acre||disp=preunit|planted }} → 4 planted acres (1.6 planted ha)
• {{convert|4|acre||disp=preunit|planted |reforested-}} → 4 planted acres (1.6 reforested-ha)

After adjective unit: A 10-foot-long corridor

Note that two units (in this case, ft and m) are required. Use with just one unit will generate an error message.

{{convert|10|ft|m|adj=mid|-long}} → 10-foot-long (3.0 m)

Plurals: 1 inch, 2 inches

The unit symbol is singular always. Depending on the preceding number only, a unit name can be shown plural.

• {{convert|1|metre}} → 1 metre (3 ft 3 in)
• {{convert|2|metre}} → 2 metres (6 ft 7 in)
• {{convert|2|metre|abbr=on}} → 2 m (6 ft 7 in)

Exception

Entering the unit "foot" instead of "ft" forces singular output "foot", whatever the number is.

• {{convert|100|foot|abbr=off}} → 100 foot (30 metres)

Fractions: one-eighth of an imperial pint

The convert template also supports spelling out fractions.

• {{convert|3+1/2|oz|g|spell=in}} → 3+1⁄2 ounces (99 g)

Any additional words needed for the fraction can also be added at the end of the template.

• {{convert|1/8|imppt|ml|spell=in|adj=pre|of an}} → 1⁄8 of an imperial pint (71 ml)

Wrapping and line breaking

See Help:Convert § Wrapping and line breaking

Spelling out "thousands", "millions", etc.

Most unit codes accept a prefix of e3 (thousand) or e6 (million) or e9 (billion).

• {{convert|100|e6mi|e6km}} → 100 million miles (160×10^⁶ km)
• {{convert|120|e6acre}} → 120 million acres (490,000 km²)
• {{convert|120|e6acre|e3km2}} → 120 million acres (490×10^³ km²)

To display both input and output in scientific notation, use |abbr=on

• {{convert|100|e6mi|e6km|abbr=on}} → 100×10^⁶ mi (160×10^⁶ km)

To spell out "thousands", "millions", etc., |abbr=unit abbreviates the unit; |abbr=off displays both full unit names.

• {{convert|100|e6mi|e6km|abbr=unit}} → 100 million mi (160 million km)
• {{convert|100|e6mi|e6km|abbr=off}} → 100 million miles (160 million kilometres)

Numbers

Using an SI prefix: gigametre (Gm), or micrometre (μm)

Metric prefixes

Text	Symbol	Factor
quetta	Q	1030
ronna	R	1027
yotta	Y	1024
zetta	Z	1021
exa	E	1018
peta	P	1015
tera	T	1012
giga	G	109
mega	M	106
kilo	k	103
hecto	h	102
deca	da	101
(none)		1
deci	d	10−1
centi	c	10−2
milli	m	10−3
micro	μ	10−6
nano	n	10−9
pico	p	10−12
femto	f	10−15
atto	a	10−18
zepto	z	10−21
yocto	y	10−24
ronto	r	10−27
quecto	q	10−30

Units can have an SI prefix like G before the unit: Gm, and giga before the name: gigametre. These are plain multiplication factors.

To illustrate, these are trivial calculations (from metre to metre), showing the multiplication factor:

• 12 Gm (1.2×10¹⁰ m)
• 12 μm (1.2×10⁻⁵ m)

The prefix can be added before the SI unit (here: unit m for metre):

• {{convert|12|Gm|mi|abbr=on}} → 12 Gm (7,500,000 mi)
• Mm: 12 Mm (7,500 mi)
• km: 12 km (39,000 ft)
• mm: 12 mm (0.47 in)
• μm: 12 μm (0.012 mm)
• um: 12 μm (0.012 mm) (letter "u" can be used for "μ" here)

The prefix can be used in the output unit:

• {{convert|12000|mi|Mm|abbr=on}} → 12,000 mi (19 Mm)
• {{convert|12|in|μm|abbr=on}} → 12 in (300,000 μm)

As an exception, the non-SI unit "inch" can have the "μ" prefix too:

• {{convert|12|μm|μin|abbr=on}} → 12 μm (470 μin)

Further information: Help:Convert units § SI prefixes

Engineering notation: 7 × 10⁶ m

In the unit: e6m

Engineering notation can be entered as a "prefix" to the unit:

• {{convert|70|e6m}} → 70×10^⁶ m (230,000,000 ft)

The same is possible for the output unit:

• {{convert|23,000,000|ft|e6m}} → 23,000,000 feet (7.0×10^⁶ m)

Any standard unit (not a combination, multiple, or built-in unit) can have such a prefix:

• e3 (thousand),
• e6 (million),
• e9 (billion),
• e12 (trillion),
• e15 (quadrillion).

Scientific notation: 1.23 × 10⁻¹⁴

In scientific notation, a number is written like 1.23×10⁻¹⁴. The plain number has exactly one digit before the decimal point.

With {{convert}}, the input can be in e-notation such as 12.3e4. This value is displayed as a power of ten, and the output is displayed in scientific notation, except that an output value satisfying 0.01 <= v < 1000 is shown as a normal number. In addition, if the output value is 1000 and sigfig=4 is used, the value is displayed as a normal number.

• {{convert|12.3e-15|atm|atm|abbr=on}} → 12.3×10⁻¹⁵ atm (1.23×10⁻¹⁴ atm)
• {{convert|0.00000005|atm|atm|abbr=on}} → 0.00000005 atm (5.0×10⁻⁸ atm)

Input with fractions: 1+1⁄2 inches (38.1 mm)

The number to convert can be written in fractions. Both / (keyboard slash) and ⁄ (fraction slash) are accepted:

• {{convert|1/2|in|mm|1}} → 1⁄2 inch (12.7 mm)
• {{convert|1⁄2|in|mm|1}} → 1⁄2 inch (12.7 mm)

With positive mixed numbers (a positive integer and a fraction), use a + sign

• {{convert|2+1⁄2|in|mm|1}} → 2+1⁄2 inches (63.5 mm)

With negative mixed numbers, use a hyphen - and repeat it:

• {{convert|-2-1⁄2|in|mm|1}} → −2+1⁄2 inches (−63.5 mm)

Note that the following cases are not interpreted as mixed numbers:

• {{convert|2-1⁄2|in|mm|1}} → 2–1⁄2 inch (50.8–12.7 mm). This is interpreted as a range from 2 inches to 1⁄2 inch.
• {{convert|-2+1⁄2|in|mm|1}} → N This is neither a mixed number nor a range, and mathematical expressions requiring calculations are not allowed here.
• {{convert|2+½|in|mm|1}} → N Fractions consisting of a single Unicode character are not allowed either.

Horizontal fraction bar: ⁠1/2⁠ inch

Using a double slash (//) provides a horizontal fraction bar for the original (input) unit:

• {{convert|1//2|in|mm|1}} → 1/2 inch (12.7 mm)
• {{convert|6+3//8|in|mm|1}} → 6+3/8 inches (161.9 mm)

Using a negative value for |frac= provides a horizontal fraction bar for the converted (output) unit:

• {{convert|12.7|mm|frac=-2}} → 12.7 millimetres (1/2 in)
• {{convert|161.9|mm|frac=-8}} → 161.9 millimetres (6+3/8 in)

Thousands separator: 1,000 mi or 1000 mi

In input, a comma for thousands separator is accepted but not required; a gap (space) is not accepted. In output, by default, the thousand separator is the comma:

• {{convert|1234567|m|ft}} → 1,234,567 metres (4,050,417 ft)
• {{convert|1,234,567|m|ft}} → 1,234,567 metres (4,050,417 ft)

Set |comma=off to remove the separator from the output:

• {{convert|1234567|m|ft|comma=off}} → 1234567 metres (4050417 ft)

Use |comma=gaps to use digit grouping by gap (thin space) as a thousands separator:

• {{convert|1234567|m|ft|comma=gaps}} → 1234567 metres (4050417 ft)

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|1234567|m|ft}} → 1,234,567 metres (4,050,417 ft)

Setting |comma=5 will only add the separator when the number of digits is 5 or more:

• {{convert|1234|m|ft|comma=5}} → 1234 metres (4049 ft)
• {{convert|1234567|m|ft|comma=5}} → 1,234,567 metres (4,050,417 ft)

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|1234|m|ft}} → 1,234 metres (4,049 ft)

Output manipulation

Brackets and separators: 10 m [33 ft]

Punctuation that distinguishes the two measurements is set by |disp=.
Options are: b (the default), sqbr, comma, semicolon, or, br, br(), x|…:

• {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=sqbr}} → 10 metres [33 ft]
• {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=comma}} → 10 metres, 33 ft
• {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=semicolon}} → 10 metres; 33 ft
• {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=or}} → 10 metres or 33 feet

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|10|m|ft}} → 10 metres (33 ft)

Setting |disp=br will force a new line (<br/>)

• {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=br}} → 10 metres
  33 feet

Also |disp=br() will force a new line, and keep the brackets (useful in tables):

• {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=br()}} → 10 metres
  (33 feet)

Setting |disp=x|… allows any text as separator:

• {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=x|_MyText_}} → 10 metres_MyText_33 ft (To display spaces, use  )

Flipping (reordering) the two measurements: 1,609.3 metres (1 mile)

Setting |order=flip will flip (swap) the two measurements:

• {{convert|1|mi|m|order=flip}} → 1,609.3 metres (1 mile)

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|1|mi|m}} → 1 mile (1,609.3 metres)

When converting to multiple units, the effect is:

• {{convert|10|km|mi nmi|order=flip}} → 6.2137 miles; 5.3996 nautical miles (10 kilometres)
• {{convert|10|km|nmi mi|order=flip}} → 5.3996 nautical miles; 6.2137 miles (10 kilometres)

Fixed ordering of output units: 212 °F (100 °C; 373 K)

Setting |order=out shows the output-units as ordered; the input unit is skipped:

• {{convert|100|C|F C K|abbr=on|order=out}} → 212 °F (100 °C; 373 K)
• {{convert|200|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on|order=out}} → 147 kW (197 hp)

See also: § Displaying parts of the output.

Displaying parts of the result: 2 (1.5)

It is possible to display only parts of the conversion result: The following examples show how to display only a part of the result.

Note: in Convert, abbr is synonym for unit symbol

Convert	Returns	Components
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3}}	2 cubic yards (1.5 m3)	all (default conversion)
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3|abbr=on}}	2 cu yd (1.5 m3)	all (default conversion, abbr)
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}}	2 (1.5)	numbers only
{{convert|2|cuyd REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}}	2.0 cu yd	input value (workaround)
{{convert|2|cuyd REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}}	2.0 cu yd	input value abbr (workaround)
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}}	cubic yards	input unit
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}}	cubic-yard	input unit, adjectival (hyphenated)
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}}	cu yd	input unit, adjectival (abbr so not hyphenated)
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}}	cu yd	input unit abbr
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}}	1.5 m3	output value, symbols
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}} || 1.5 cubic metres || output value, names
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}} || 1.5-cubic-metre || output, adjective
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}} || 1.5 || output number
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}} || m3 || output unit (abbr by default)
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}} || cubic metres || output unit (name)
{{convert|2|cuyd|m3 REDIRECT Template:Background color Nhwɛdo:R from shortcut}} || m3 || output unit (abbr)

Display both input name and symbol: 2 kilopascals [kPa]

Setting |abbr=~ returns both name and symbol of the first (input) unit:

• {{convert|2|kPa|psi|abbr=~}} → 2 kilopascals [kPa] (0.29 psi)
• A {{convert|2|kPa|psi|abbr=~|adj=on}} pressure → A 2-kilopascal [kPa] (0.29 psi) pressure

Table options

For the wikitable structure, there are three options: add a line-break, split the result over columns and make the table sortable.

Enforced line break

|disp=br adds a line-break and omits brackets.

|disp=br() adds a line-break and does add brackets to the converted value. This may be useful in tables:

|disp=br	|disp=br()
100 kilometres 62 miles	100 kilometres (62 miles)

Table columns

Using {convert} in a table cell, with |disp=table splits the result over two (or more) columns. By default units are not included in the table, however, they can be added using the |abbr= parameter. Multiple-unit outputs, like ftin, always output their units to the table.

{{convert|10|m|ft|disp=table}} →

style="text-align:right;"|10 |style="text-align:right;"|33

|disp=tablecen does the same, and also centers the text:

{{convert|20|m|ft|disp=tablecen}} →

style="text-align:center;"|20 |style="text-align:center;"|66

The units are added as a column header:

	kilograms	pounds	stone and pounds
|disp=table	10	22	1 st 8 lb
|disp=table and |abbr=on	20 kg	44 lb	3 st 2 lb
|disp=table and |abbr=off	30 kilograms	66 pounds	4 stone 10 pounds
|disp=tablecen	40	88	6 st 4 lb
|disp=<other> (default)	50 kilograms (110 lb; 7 st 12 lb)

Sorting

Use |sortable=on to include a hidden numerical sortkey in the output, suitable for use in a table with sortable columns. Technically, this places a hidden string before the actual displayed values:

{{convert|10|m|ft|sortable=on}} → <span data-sort-value="7001100000000000000♠"></span>10 metres (33 ft)

showing: 10 metres (33 ft).

Use both |disp=table and |sortable=on together to produce table columns (pipe symbols) for each value in sortable columns:

	m	m	ft
A	15.75 m	15+3⁄4	52
B	15.5 m	15.5	51
C	16 m	16.0	52.5
D	16 m	16	52

The generated sortkey is calculated in a consistent way based on both the value and its unit as passed to the convert template. In most cases convert uses the passed value converted to SI base units. It is therefore not necessarily the displayed value or other alternate units and is calculated regardless of output format options. Using different units or different order of units in individual rows should therefore not lead to incorrect sorting, although variations in rounding can give surprising results, since an unrounded number is used for the sortkey.

Units

The conversion factors and physical constants are sourced here.

All units

1. REDIRECT Template:Self-reference

Units are case-sensitive: use kW, not KW or kw

The table below lists units supported by {{convert}}. More complete lists are linked for each dimension. For a complete list of all dimensions, see full list of units.

{{Convert}} uses unit-codes, which are similar to, but not necessarily exactly the same as, the usual written abbreviation for a given unit. These unit-codes are displayed in column 3 of the following tables. These are accepted as input by {{convert}} as the second and third unnamed parameters:

• {{convert|100|kg|lb}} → 100 kilograms (220 lb)
• {{convert|100|lb|kg}} → 100 pounds (45 kg)

The unit-codes should be treated as case-sensitive:

• {{convert|100|Mm|mm}} → 100 megametres (1.0×10¹¹ mm)

The output of {{convert}} can display multiple converted units, if further unit-codes are specified after the second unnamed parameter (without the pipe separator). Typical combination output units are listed below in column 7.

• {{convert|55|nmi|km mi}} → 55 nautical miles (102 km; 63 mi)
• {{convert|1|oz|ozt g gr}} → 1 ounce (0.91 ozt; 28 g; 440 gr)

Some units have alternative unit-codes. These are shown in brackets in column 3, e.g. °F (F). Either may be entered for Fahrenheit (but not a lower-case f).

Units

'per' units: kg/ha, miles per gallon

When using a slash (/), a unit like kg/ha is recognized as kilograms per hectare and will be converted in to other mass/area units. A unit in the numerator is not required.

• {{convert|1000|kg/ha}} → 1,000 kilograms per hectare (890 lb/acre)
• {{convert|350|/in2}} → 350 per square inch (54/cm²)

Population density (inhabitants per square mile) can be converted using

• {{convert|10|PD/sqmi|PD/km2}} → 10 inhabitants per square mile (3.9/km²)

Vehicular fuel efficiency, commonly expressed in miles per gallon or litres per 100 km can also be converted

• {{convert|26|mpgUS|l/100km mpgimp}} → 26 miles per US gallon (9.0 l/100 km; 31 mpg_‑imp)

Units of difference: Expressing a change or difference in temperature

We have already discussed standard temperature conversions (°C, °F, K), as shown in these two examples:

• {{convert|10|C}} → 10 °C (50 °F) (standard temperature conversion)
• {{convert|10|-|15|C}} → 10–15 °C (50–59 °F) (standard temperature range conversion)

When expressing a temperature change (e.g., "The temperature increased by 10 °C"), or when comparing temperatures (e.g., "10 to 15 °C warmer"), we cannot use the standard temperature units (|C, |F and |K), which refer to points on the respective scale. Instead, we must use one of the following "units of difference": |C-change, |F-change and |K-change.

Compare the following two examples with the two above:

• {{convert|10|C-change}} → 10 °C (18 °F) increase in temperature
• {{convert|10|-|15|C-change}} → 10–15 °C (18–27 °F) warmer than normal

To produce multiple units in the output:

• {{convert|10|C-change|F-change K-change}} → 10 °C (18 °F; 10 K) difference

Multiple units: 1 ft 5 in

In input

Base document § Input multiples lists options for multiple unit input (like ft,in). It can catch predefined sets only (units that can be subdivided; e.g., yd into ft):

• {{convert|1|yd|2|ft|3|in}} → 1 yard 2 feet 3 inches (1.60 m)
• {{convert|2|ft|3|in|cm}} → 2 feet 3 inches (69 cm)
• {{convert|1|lb|5|oz|g}} → 1 pound 5 ounces (600 g)

In output

Available multiple-unit output options predefined, like ftin and ydftin. The full list is at § Output multiples.

• {{convert|2|m|ftin}} → 2 metres (6 ft 7 in)
• {{convert|2|m|ft in}} → 2 metres (6.6 ft; 79 in), using a space, returns the decimal point

Default behavior, for comparison:

• {{convert|2|m}} → 2 metres (6 ft 7 in)

See also:

• {{hands}} a length used to measure horses
• {{Long ton}} a weight in ton, cwt, qr and lb

Currency per unit: $/mi → $/km

Using currency symbols in a $ per unit value, you can convert the per-unit:

• {{convert|3.39|$/USgal|$/L}} → $3.39 per US gallon ($0.90/L)
• {{convert|10000|€/ha|€/acre}} → €10,000 per hectare (€4,000/acre)
• {{convert|10|¢/mi|¢/km}} → 10 cents per mile (6.2 ¢/km)
• {{convert|1500|¥/lb|¥/kg}} → ¥1,500 per pound (¥3,300/kg)

You can also set the currency in both values using |$=€:

• {{convert|10|$/mi|$/km|$=€}} → €10 per mile (€6.2/km)

It is not possible to convert the currency:

• {{convert|10|$/lb|€/kg}} → $10 per pound () N

So, this result (mixed currencies) is not possible: $15 per mile (€8.6/km) N

Using convert inside templates

For usage in template code, like infoboxes, {{Convert}} has these options:

Pre-formatting fraction input

• Module:Convert/helper can read regular input and pre-format it into {{Convert}}-accepted input.

Your template can accept |input=16 7/8 and use {{#invoke:Convert/helper|number|16 7/8}} → 16+7/8

Using a Wikidata property

• Adding the Wikidata property code, like code |input=P2073, to your template code automatically returns the Wikidata property for that article, and convert it. Both number and unit are read.

Note: to return that property value for an other article, use |qid=.

Example for [[d:Special:EntityPage/PP2073|Nhwɛdo:Wikidata (PP2073)]] of [[d:Special:EntityPage/QNHWƐDO:GET QID| (QNHWƐDO:GET QID)]]:

• {{convert|input=P2073|qid={{get QID|Cessna 208 Caravan}}|ftin|abbr=on}} → P2073
• {{convert|input=P2073|qid=Q1056131|km|abbr=on}} → P2073
• {{convert|input=P2073|qid=Q1056131|km|abbr=on|disp=out}} → P2073

For example see template:Infobox Telescope.

Sometimes a property may have more than one value against it in Wikidata. You can use the |qual= parameter to specify which of the values you want to use.

Example for [[d:Special:EntityPage/PP2386|Nhwɛdo:Wikidata (PP2386)]]: Note: this example uses |qid=Q1513315 (testing for (Q1513315))

• (Q613628): {{convert|input=P2386|qual=Q613628|ft|abbr=on}} → P2386
• (Q1395645): {{convert|input=P2386|qual=Q1395645|ft|abbr=on}} → P2386

Parameter list

Nhwɛdo:Navbar-collapsible
Parameter	Value	Description	Note
|abbr=in	in	Use symbol for first (left-hand side) unit	Unit display
|abbr=off	off	Use name for all units	Unit display
|abbr=none	none
|abbr=on	on	Use symbol for all units	Unit display
|abbr=out	out	Use symbol for right-hand side unit (default)	Unit display
|abbr=unit	unit	Use symbol for all units when using scientific notation	Unit display
|abbr=values	values	Omit both the input and output units: show only the numbers	Unit display
|abbr=~	~	Shows both unit name and symbol	Unit display
|adj=mid|…	mid	User-specified text after the input unit; sets adj=on (adjective). Expects 1 unnamed parameter.	Word adding, adjective
|adj=on	on	Unit name is adjective (singular and hyphenated)	Grammar, adjective
|adj=pre|…	pre	User-specified text before input unit. Expects 1 unnamed parameter.	Word adding
|adj=ri0	ri0	Round input with precision 0	Input precision
|adj=ri1	ri1	Round input with precision 1	Input precision
|adj=ri2	ri2	Round input with precision 2	Input precision
|adj=ri3	ri3	Round input with precision 3	Input precision
|comma=5	5	Only use comma for thousands separator if 5 or more digits	Number format
|comma=gaps	gaps	Use gaps (space), not comma, for thousands separator	Number format
|comma=off	off	No thousands separator	Number format
|disp=b	b	Join input and output using " (...)" (default)	Join values
|disp=sqbr	sqbr	Join input and output using " [...]"	Join values
|disp=br	br	Join input and output using "<br/>"	Join values
|disp=comma	comma	Join input and output using ", "	Join values
|disp=or	or	Join input and output using " or "	Join values
|disp=number	number	Display output number only	Parts only
|disp=output number only	output number only
|disp=out	out	Display only output number and name/symbol	Parts only
|disp=output only	output only
|disp=preunit|…[|…]	preunit	Text to be inserted after value and before units, for both input and output, with optionally different text for output. Expects 1 or 2 unnamed parameters.	Word adding
|disp=table	table	Output is suitable for a table cell with align="right"	Table columns
|disp=tablecen	tablecen	Output is suitable for a table cell with align="center"	Table columns
|disp=unit	unit	Display input name/symbol only (not input number, not output)	Parts only
|disp=unit2	unit2	Display output name/symbol only (not input; not output number)	Parts only
|disp=x|…	x	Join input and output using user-specified text	Word adding
|frac=N	N	Show imperial number in fractions, denominator=N	Number format, fraction
|input=P2048	P2048 (e.g.)	Reads and converts Wikidata property	Inside template
|lk=in	in	Link left-hand side unit name or symbol	Unit link
|lk=on	on	Link all unit names or symbols (but not twice for the same unit)	Unit link
|lk=out	out	Link right-hand side unit name or symbol	Unit link
|order=flip	flip	Inverts order of input, output measurements (conversion first)	Order
|order=out	out	Displays output units in the order entered, skipping input unit	Order
|qid=Q1056131	Q1056131 (e.g.)	Reads Wikidata property from Wikidata item	Inside template; testing
|qual=Q613628	Q613628 (e.g.)	Qualify Wikidata property
|round=5	5	Rounds calculation to the nearest multiple of 5	Output precision
|round=25	25	Rounds calculation to the nearest multiple of 25	Output precision
|round=each	each	In a range, each number is rounded by the default rounding	Output precision
|sigfig=N	N	Round output number to N significant figures (N is a positive integer)	Output precision
|sortable=on	on	Adds invisible sort key	Table sort
|sp=us	us	Use U.S. spelling ("meter" instead of default "metre")	Spelling U.S. names
|spell=in	in	Spell input number in words	Spelling numbers
|spell=In	In	Spell input number in words with first letter uppercase	Spelling numbers
|spell=on	on	Spell input and output numbers in words	Spelling numbers
|spell=On	On	Spell input and output numbers in words with first letter uppercase	Spelling numbers
|$=€	€	Replace $-sign with a currency sign, for example in €/hectare	Cost per unit No currency conversion happens
|debug=yes	yes	Debugging only. In a sortable table: show the normally hidden sort key	Table sort
|disp=flip	flip	Deprecated. Use |order=flip	Order
|sing=		Deprecated. Use |adj=	Plurals

Deprecated options

This list: Nhwɛdo:View

Deprecated options should not be used. They may produce incorrect or undesired results and there is no guarantee that they will be supported in the future.

• disp=flip is deprecated. Use order=flip instead
• sing= is deprecated in any situation. Use adj= instead
• Range separator |xx| is deprecated (not MOS compliant). Use |x| instead
• Range separator |*| is deprecated (not MOS compliant). Use |x| instead

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. see a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Convert in articles.

TemplateData for Convert

Converts measurements to other units.

Template parameters

This template prefers inline formatting of parameters.

Parameter		Description	Type	Status
Value	1	The value to convert.	Number	required
From unit	2	The unit for the provided value. Suggested values km2 m2 cm2 mm2 ha sqmi acre sqyd sqft sqin km m cm mm mi yd ft in kg g mg lb oz m/s km/h mph K C F m3 cm3 mm3 L mL cuft cuin U.S.gal U.S.oz psi mpgU.S. $/lb $/kg Example km	String	required
To units	3	The units to convert into. Separate units by a space for multiple outputs. In an output unit, use + for a multiplication space. Suggested values km2 m2 cm2 mm2 ha sqmi acre sqyd sqft sqin km m cm mm mi yd ft in kg g mg lb oz m/s km/h mph K C F m3 cm3 mm3 L mL cuft cuin U.S.gal U.S.oz psi mpgU.S. $/lb $/kg Example mi nmi	String	suggested
Precision or suffix	4	Significant digits after decimal dot or, if negative, exponent of ten.	Number	optional
Link units	lk	Indication of what units to apply wikilinks to. Use “on” for all, “in” for the input unit, “out” for the output units, or “off” for none of the units. For more fine-grained control over which units to link, use the template multiple times. Suggested values in out on off Default off Example on	String	optional
Abbreviation	abbr	Display for the units: “on” to display all units using their unit symbols, “off” to display all units in full words, “in” to display the unit symbol for the input unit, “out” to display the unit symbols for the output units, “unit” to display unit symbols for both input and output units when using scientific notation, “values” for no units at all (neither unit symbols nor full words of units). Suggested values in off none on out unit values ~ Default out Example on, unit, in, out, off	String	suggested
Spelling	sp	Spelling of units. Use “us” to display unit names using U.S. spelling. Example us	String	optional
Adjective	adj	Whether to use adjectival form. Use “on” for singular unit name appended by a hyphen, “mid” to put conversion at end, or “off” (default) for no adjectival form. Suggested values mid on pre ri0 ri1 ri2 ri3 off Default off Example on	Unbalanced wikitext	optional
Conversion	disp	Display conversion result: “or”: after ‘or’, “x”: with custom prefix and suffix, “b”: in parentheses, “table”/“tablecen”, “output only”: alone, “output number only”: alone and without unit, “unit”: not at all but input unit; if the value is a number it is used as precision. Suggested values b sqbr br comma semicolon or number output number only out output only preunit table tablecen unit unit2 x Example b	String	optional
Ordering	order	“flip” returns converted value first, input value second. Suggested values flip out Example flip	String	optional
Significant figures	sigfig	Indicates the number of significant figures to be used in rounding.	Number	optional
Rounding output	round	The type of rounding. “5” rounds the output number to nearest multiple of 5, “25” to nearest multiple of 25, “each” rounds each number in a range.	Number	optional
Thousands separator	comma	Sets or suppresses the use of thousands separators in the numbers. “off”: no separator; “gaps”: use space instead of comma as thousands separator; “5”: only add thousands separator when the integral part of the number uses 5 positions or more (10,000 or more; if using comma as thousands separator, 1234 would produce '1234', 12345 would produce '12,345'). Default on Example off	Boolean	optional
Sort key	sortable	“on” generates a hidden sort key Example on	Boolean	optional
Spell numbers?	spell	If used, spells input or input and output numbers in words, optionally capitalizing the first Suggested values in In on On Example 'in', 'In', 'on', or 'On'	String	optional
Singular?	sing	If 'yes', uses singular form of units (deprecated) Example yes	Boolean	deprecated
Fraction?	frac	fraction as rounding unit	Number	optional
Currency symbol	$	sets currency symbol in both units Example $=€ will show " €10 per mile (€6.2/km)"	String	optional
Mach altitude (ft)	altitude_ft	Mach (speed) depends on altitide Suggested values 10000	Number	optional
Mach altitude (m)	altitude_m	Mach (speed) depends on altitude	Number	optional
WD property	input	Reads the property value of the item (article), then converts it Example {{convert|input=P2046}} (P2046=area)	String	optional

See also

• {{Cvt}}
• {{SI units}}
• {{Inflation}}, for converting historical prices to their current equivalent
• {{To USD}}, for currency conversions

The above documentation is transcluded from Nhwɛdo:Convert/doc. (edit | history)
Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox (edit | diff) and testcases (edit) pages.
Add categories to the /doc subpage. Subpages of this template.