Water and water habitats are essential to life and to the wellness of the communities that rely on them, as the Danube river is subject to human impact and vice versa, periodic surveys are required to determine the status of its pollution levels. In this work we used known microbiological indicators as well as physico-chemical ones to assess the ecotoxicological status of the Danube river from eleven locations partially forming the “Romanian–Bulgarian Danube Sector”. Most of the microbial communities found, and their densities, could be explained by point and diffuse sources scattered along the sector such as discharged household and farm wastewater, as well as nearby agricultural areas where fertilizers have been used and then leaked in the water stream during rainfalls. However, microbial data on non-point sources that lead to diffuse pollution of surface waters could be linked to such parameters and furthermore shown a slight correlation with the current status of fish communities.

In this study, we aimed to determine the trend of antimicrobial resistance pattern of pathogens isolated in samples collected from patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU), in selected periods before and after COVID-19. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was performed on 1267 patients. The resistance patterns were analyzed using Vitek 2 Compact system. Positive-bacterial culture data of 1695 samples from pre-COVID-19 period and 1562 from post-COVID-19 period were obtained. The most frequently isolated in both periods were Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella spp. Klebsiella spp. had a statistically significant increase in resistance rates in the post COVID-19 period, against colistin, gentamicin and aztreonam. For E. coli strains, it was registered a significant increase against colistin and a significant decrease against levofloxacin and imipenem. For Acinetobacter spp. strains it was observed a significant increase against colistin. More than 50% from the Staphylococcus aureus strains were MRSA with statistically significant increases in antimicrobial resistance rate in the post-COVID-19 period against doxycycline, linezolid, rifampicin and teicoplanin. The study revealed a significantly increasing trend of the antimicrobial resistance rate of Gram-negative pathogens (Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp.) against certain antibiotics, including those used only in cases where there are no other therapeutic options.

The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 reveals an increasing prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) from 1990 to 2019. This study delves into the role of dietary risk factors across different demographic and socioeconomic groups. Utilizing data from the GBD 2019, it analyzes age-adjusted T2DM metrics—death counts, Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and Age-Standardized Rates (ASR)—stratified by age, sex, and region. The study employed Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPCs) to track trends over time. Results show that in 2019, 26.07% of T2DM mortality and 27.08% of T2DM DALYs were attributable to poor diets, particularly those low in fruits and high in red and processed meats. Geographic variations in T2DM trends were significant, with regions like Southern Sub-Saharan Africa and Central Asia experiencing the most substantial increases in Age-Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) and Age-Standardized DALY Rate (ASDR). A positive correlation was noted between Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and T2DM burden due to dietary risk factors. The study concludes that targeted public health initiatives promoting dietary changes could substantially reduce the global T2DM burden.

This article investigates robust optimality and duality for a class of nonsmooth multiobjective programming problems with vanishing constraints under data uncertainty (in short, UNMPVC) via convexificators. Using the properties of convexificators, we introduce generalized standard Abadie constraint qualification (in short, GS-ACQ) for the considered problem UNMPVC. Moreover, we introduce generalized robust version of nonsmooth stationary conditions, namely, weakly stationary point (in short, RW-Stationary), T-stationary point (in short, RT-Stationary), M-stationary point (in short, RM-Stationary) and S-stationary point (in short, RS-Stationary) for UNMPVC. By employing GS-ACQ, we establish that the RS-Stationary is the necessary first-order optimality condition for a local Pareto solution of UNMPVC. Moreover, under generalized convexity assumptions, we establish sufficient optimality criteria for UNMPVC. Furthermore, we formulate the Wolfe-type (in short, WRD) and Mond-Weir-type (in short, MWRD) robust dual models corresponding to the primal problem UNMPVC.

Teacher burnout has been shown to be one of the most common negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify distinct psychological resources and burnout risk profiles of teachers and examine their association with Kolb’s educator roles and their professional experience. Methods: The survey data were collected from 330 preschool and primary school (84 males, Mage = 38.3, SD = 9.14) teachers using a convenience sampling method. Results: The two-step cluster analysis revealed two distinct profiles. The first profile, “high psychological resources, no burnout risk,” was characterized by absent symptoms of burnout and increased levels of well-being, self-control, and positive emotionality. The second profile, “moderate psychological resources, mild burnout,” was associated with medium levels of well-being, self-control, and positive emotionality accompanied by mild burnout. Our findings highlighted that cluster one had a significantly higher score for the facilitator role and cluster two for the expert and coach roles. Additionally, teachers with less professional experience were more likely to belong to cluster one, considering their adequate skills in digital literacy. Conclusions: These findings provide new insights into the explanation of teacher burnout and the design of intervention programs.

The Medi-test system we developed was motivated by the large number of resources available for the medical domain, as well as the number of tests needed in this field (during and after the medical school) for evaluation, promotion, certification, etc. Generating questions to support learning and user interactivity has been an interesting and dynamic topic in NLP since the availability of e-book curricula and e-learning platforms. Current e-learning platforms offer increased support for student evaluation, with an emphasis in exploiting automation in both test generation and evaluation. In this context, our system is able to evaluate a student’s academic performance for the medical domain. Using as input medical reference texts and supported by a specially designed medical ontology, Medi-test generates different types of questionnaires for Romanian language. The evaluation includes 4 types of questions (multiple-choice, fill in the blanks, true/false and match), can have customizable length and difficulty and can be automatically graded. A recent extension of our system also allows for the generation of tests which include images. We evaluated our system with a local testing team, but also with a set of medicine students, and user satisfaction questionnaires showed that the system can be used to enhance learning.

The study of the tribological behavior of the braking system in auto vehicles requires knowing the characteristics of the material in contact and, in the work process, for the friction pair, brake disc-pads. Materials structural analysis is necessary because the wear process depends on the friction pair chemical composition, and brake disk-pads, respectively on the work process parameters (pressing force, rotational speed, traffic conditions, etc.). The material of the brake discs is generally the same gray cast iron, but the brake pads can be semi-metallic (particles of steel, copper, brass, and graphite, all united with a special resin), organic materials (particles of rubber, glass, and kevlar all joined with the help of a resin), composite materials that contain different constituents and ceramic materials (rarely have small copper particles). Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to know the crystalline structure and the mechanical properties of the brake pad materials, through specific studies and analyses, with important implications on the friction and wear behavior.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the two disorders known as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) along with Crohn’s disease (CD), with complex pathogenesis, requiring costly invasive investigations. Objective: to examine the most recent biomarkers proposed for UC diagnosis; to establish the strategy used to make the differential diagnosis between UC and CD relying on these biomarkers, also adding the benefit of finding new non-invasive tools in managing this condition. The search was performed in a single database (Web of Science) using the specific keywords „ulcerative colitis”, „biomarkers” and „diagnosis” for the last five years. Study eligibility criteria: clinical trials on adults and pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis compared with Crohn’s disease. Results: We selected 57 studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical case series (CCS), summarizing the latest most specific biomarkers in diagnosis of UC. Limitations: we considered RCTs and CCS from one database, limited to the search topics. Our findings indicate a important number of potential biomarkers with diagnostic value, which bring the advantage of a non-invasive method to approach this challenging disorder.

Numerous approaches address over-fitting in neural networks: by imposing a penalty on the parameters of the network (L1, L2, etc); by changing the network stochastically (drop-out, Gaussian noise, etc.); or by transforming the input data (batch normalization, etc.). In contrast, we aim to ensure that a minimum amount of supporting evidence is present when fitting the model parameters to the training data. This, at the single neuron level, is equivalent to ensuring that both sides of the separating hyperplane (for a standard artificial neuron) have a minimum number of data points — noting that these points need not belong to the same class for the inner layers. We firstly benchmark the results of this approach on the standard Fashion-MINST dataset, comparing it to various regularization techniques. Interestingly, we note that by nudging each neuron to divide, at least in part, its input data, the resulting networks make use of each neuron, avoiding a hyperplane completely on one side of its input data (which is equivalent to a constant into the next layers). To illustrate this point, we study the prevalence of saturated nodes throughout training, showing that neurons are activated more frequently and earlier in training when using this regularization approach. A direct consequence of the improved neuron activation is that deep networks are now easier to train. This is crucially important when the network topology is not known a priori and fitting often remains stuck in a suboptimal local minima. We demonstrate this property by training a network of increasing depth (and constant width): most regularization approaches will result in increasingly frequent training failures (over different random seeds) whilst the proposed evidence-based regularization significantly outperforms in its ability to train deep networks.

This paper proposes several LabVIEW applications to accomplish the data acquisition, processing, features extraction and real-time classification of the electroencephalographic (EEG) signal detected by the embedded sensor of the NeuroSky Mindwave Mobile headset. The LabVIEW applications are aimed at the implementation of a Brain-Computer Interface system, which is necessary to people with neuromotor disabilities. It is analyzed a novel approach regarding the preparation and automatic generation of the EEG dataset by identifying the most relevant multiple mixtures between selected EEG rhythms (both time and frequency domains of raw signal, delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) and extracted statistical features (mean, median, standard deviation, route mean square, Kurtosis coefficient and others). The acquired raw EEG signal is processed and segmented into temporal sequences corresponding to the detection of the multiple voluntary eye-blinks EEG patterns. The main LabVIEW application accomplished the optimal real-time artificial neural networks techniques for the classification of the EEG temporal sequences corresponding to the four states: 0 - No Eye-Blink Detected; 1 - One Eye-Blink Detected; 2 – Two Eye-Blinks Detected and 3 – Three Eye-Blinks Detected. Nevertheless, the application can be used to classify other EEG patterns corresponding to different cognitive tasks, since the whole functionality and working principle could estimate the labels associated with various classes.

Background and Objectives: Stroke is a main leading cause for mortality and morbidity worldwide. Treat-ment of this pathology is still under development and its risk factors remain the main target to be reached. Therefore, we aim to determine the role of interleukin 1 beta in atheromatosis, as risk factor for stroke and the reole of this biomarker in stroke prognosis. Materials and Methods: The study conducted enrolled 56 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke in the anterior (AVT) and posterior vascular territory (PVT). All patients had venous blood collected at admission and 7 days after the onset of the cerebral ischemia in order to determine plasma concentration for interleukin 1 beta. At the same time an extracranial carotid ultrasound was performed. Results: Interleukin 1 beta collected at admission was positively correlated with NIHSS at admission (Pearson index 0,424) and both measurements were corelated with carotid stenosis (Spearmen correlation index 0,529, respectively 0,653). Conclusion: Interleukin 1 beta could be a reliable biomarker for stroke prognosis and carotid atheromatosis development.

In dermatological practice, disturbances of the skin microbiome are found in various infectious and inflammatory dermatoses featuring one or more skin lesions with loss of tissue, directly exposing skin layers to microbial invasions. Literature data on the incidence of cutaneous-onset sepsis are, however, scarce. This retrospective observational study assessed hospital admissions for primary skin lesions with vs. without bacterial infections and sepsis during 2020-2022 in the largest emergency hospital in NE Romania. Of 509 patients 441 had infected lesions, 78 had sepsis caused by venous ulcers microbial eczema cellulitis, superinfected bullous dermatoses, erysipelas, erythroderma. Cultured samples revealed S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, with K. pneumoniae, S. β-hemolytic associated with sepsis even if rarer. Clinical manifestations included ulcerations, erosions, fissures, excoriations, bullae, vesicles, pruritus, tumefaction, edema, fever, chills, pain, adenopathy, mildly altered mental status. Underlying chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, anemia, type-1 diabetes mellitus were comorbidities associated with infection and sepsis. Significant associations and risk factors, including their combined effects, are discussed to draw attention to the need for further research and adequate management to prevent sepsis in adult patients of any age presenting with infected skin lesions (especially cellulitis) and comorbidities (especially type 1 diabetes mellitus and anemia).

The importance of utilizing an optimal and efficient braking system is emphasized in this study. Braking system optimization and efficiency were practically determined through successive tests on the brake dynamometer, according to road safety regulations. Subsequently, the results were correlated with practical tests involving consecutive braking at different speeds, tracking both the time and distance of braking. The coefficient of friction (COF) was established for each braking instance by utilizing the braking force measured on the brake dynamometer. This paper aims to highlight the genuine impact of the braking system by measuring and establishing its braking efficiency depending on the car’s speed, time, and distance of braking.

The vehicles number continuously growing lead to increasingly intense and congested traffic and it will additionally demand the braking system, and drivers behave more aggressively and as result is required that the braking system to be durable and efficient. For this is necessary the study the braking system behavior in conditions of intense and moderate traffic to increase the safety of traffic participants, respectively to demonstrate the need for more frequent replacement of some braking system elements. Thus, on a vehicle were performed a series of successive tests, through which the degree of wear of the brake pads and discs was monitored periodically and as a result the efficiency evolution of the braking system. The tests were carried out both in laboratory (on dynamometer) and in traffic to establish the efficiency of the braking system according to some parameters considered essential. The experimental tests showed that the recommendations regarding the frequency of replacement of brake pads and disks are inconsistent with their actual wear. Therefore, the aim of this paper is the establishment of the braking system efficiency of an auto-vehicle, subject to testing depending on the auto-vehicle mass, travel speed, distance driven, and braking time, based on experimental on stand and in-traffic tests, according the road safety regulations.

Background: Survival and outcome of extremely preterm (EP) infants have improved due to changes in the management of stabilization at birth and respiratory distress syndrome. Methods: In a retrospective study conducted at an academic perinatal level III center in Romania, we compared the effects of different protocols on the early outcomes of EP infants of two different periods (2008-2012 vs. 2018 vs. 2022). Two subgroups were studied in each period, based on gestational age (GA), 22-25 weeks, and 26-28 weeks, excluding those with significant congenital anomalies or missing data. Results: 270 EP infants were included in the study (121/149), with a mean GA 26.1±1.6/26.7±1.1 weeks. Significant improvements were found during period II regarding initial FiO2 (40% vs. 100%; <0.001), nCPAP (55.7% vs. 19.0%; p<0.001) at birth, early rescue surfactant administration (65.8% vs. 34.7%; p<0.001), need of mechanical ventilation (58.4% vs. 98.3%; p<0.001). Survival rates of EP infants significantly improved from 41.3% to 72.5%, particularly in the 26-28 weeks subgroup (63.8% to 83%). The frequency of severe IVH decreased in period II from 30.6% to 14.1%, while the rates of BPD were lower in period II (23.4% vs. 36.6%; p=0.045), in the 26-28 weeks subgroup. We found improvements but no significant differences in NEC, sepsis, PVL, ROP, or PDA frequencies. Conclusions: Using updated guidelines and protocols is crucial for improving outcomes.

Search for the new non-invasive methods of investigating the functioning of human internal organs is an urgent task. One of these methods for assessing the functioning of the human res-piratory system is electromagnetic sensing, based on a significant difference in the dielectric permittivity of muscle tissue and air. During breathing, when the lungs are filled with air, the dielectric permittivity of the lungs decreases, which leads to a change in the level of the elec-tromagnetic signal passing through the body. Results of experiments on recording changes in the level of electromagnetic radiation passing through the human body, performed on an experimental device consisting of eight transmitting and receiving antennas located on opposite sides of the chest have been presented in the article. The possibility of visualizing the measured “pulmonograms” in the form of dynamic two-dimensional images showing the process of filling various parts of the lungs with air has been demonstrated.

The risk of a fatal outcome was 41% in unvaccinated patients (p = 0.713), which increased by 2.66% with co-infection with two pathogens (p = 0.342) and by 26% with three pathogens (p = 0.005). Additionally, 50% of ICU patients had a triple infection, compared with only 1.3% in the inpatient unit (p = 0.0029). The risk of death and/or ICU admission was 12 times higher (p = 0.042) with an additional pathogen and increased by 95% (p = 0.003) with a third concomitant pathogen. Regular multiplex testing is important for prompt treatment and targeted antibiotic use.

The discovery of the quantum tunnelling effect---the transmission of particles through a high potential barrier---was one of the most impressive achievements of quantum mechanics made in the 1920s. Responding to the contemporary challenges, I introduce a novel deep neural network (DNN) architecture that processes information using the effect of quantum tunnelling. I demonstrate the ability of the quantum tunnelling DNN (QT-DNN) to recognise optical illusions like a human. Hardware implementation of QT-DNN is expected to result in an inexpensive and energy-efficient neuromorphic chip suitable for applications in autonomous vehicles. The optical illusions recognition tests developed in this paper should lay foundations for cognitive benchmarking tasks for AI systems of the future, benefiting the fields of sociophysics and behavioural science.

For risk communication, it is important to understand the difference between "hazard" and "risk". Definitions can be found in Codex Alimentarius and the European Union (EU) General Food Regulation (EC) No 178/2002. The use of these terms as synonyms or their interchange is a recurrent issue in the area of food safety, despite awareness-raising messages sent by EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) and other interested entities. A quick screening of EU’s food regulations revealed several inconsistencies. Hence, it was considered necessary to further investigate if regulations could act as a source for this problem. A software tool was developed to support the detection and listing of inconsistent translations of “hazard” and “risk” in certain EU food regulations. Subsequently, native-speaking experts working in food safety, from each EU country, were asked to provide their individual scientific opinion on the prepared list. All data was statistically analyzed after applying numerical scores (1-5) describing different levels of consistency. Results showed that the most common problem was the interchange of “hazard” with “risk” and vice versa. This lack of consistency can create confusion that can further translate into misjudgments at food risk assessment and communication level.

Yoga promotes acceptance, compassion, physicality, active postures, mental and emotional awareness, and spiritual benefits. It involves breath techniques, postures, and body locks, maintaining balance and strength. It's based on ethical principles. Beyond simple performance, swimming is a catalyst for overall well-being. Complementarily, yoga serves as an invaluable adjunct for swimmers, enhancing flexibility, strength, and body awareness - a triad essential to aquatic excellence. The confluence of yoga and swimming, particularly through the practice of aqua yoga asanas, presents a new paradigm for both athletes and non-performers alike. Athletes who embrace the harmonious fusion of swimming and yoga unearth the potential for achieving not just athletic mastery but also a more balanced and fulfilling lifestyle. This blend provides a route not only to enhance performance in the water but also to elevate the overall quality of life. We examined the feasibility of incorporating yoga and swimming practice into Romanian subjects' lifestyles, designing a factor analysis in SmartPLS software, based on an online survey. The study assesses the participants' knowledge of yoga's theory and philosophy, as well as their perceptions of the swimming practice's benefits for social and health issues. According to our study, Romanian participants practice yoga and swimming as often as possible to reduce stress, improve concentration for work-related tasks, and improve joint elasticity, balance, and muscular tone. Thus, Yoga and swimming are substitutes for other approaches in prevention and therapy.

The purpose of this article is to disclose the strenuous efforts of Laszlo Hudec in China and Antonin Raymond in Japan and India to create a modern architectural stance by heralding an incipient space syntax. In the turn of the 19th Century, for dynastic, politic and economic reasons, Eastern Asia had very little modern Architecture. It is a surprising fact that, out of happenstance, two European architects Antonin Raymond and Laszlo Hudec, had to intervene to remedy this situation, to the point of becoming 20th Century icons in Japan and China. Their fruitful careers spanned over thirty years and included locations, like Tamil Nadu or the Philippines. The Oriental territories were not an easy ground for the bold architectural achievements that they produced. Despite of faraway strangeness and uncountable personal losses, in revolutions and wars, which eventually forced them both to leave for the United States of America and never to return, they were successful in the manner of establishing a broad avenue for Modern Asian Architecture which is still recognisable today thanks to their systematic approach. However, theirs is an endangered heritage and the intention of this article is to be a just remembrance of in which way such actions could be performed, how they predated by many years a syntactic approach to architectural composition and why their legacy should be preserved.

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a serious contagious disease of canines, cats and sometimes ra-coons. The study included seven raccoons from Timisoara Zoo. The detection of CDV in all raccoons was accomplished using qRT-PCR, but several other exams were also conducted. Clinically, severe digestive disorders were observed, characterized by diarrhea and repeated hematemesis. Pseudomembranous gastroenteritis, congestion and pulmonary edema were found during the ne-cropsy of two racoons. Immunohistochemically, the brown color was highlighted in the examined sectionsand it was present in the cytoplasm of the cells from the germinal centers of the medullary area. Histopathological examination revealed lymphocyte depletion and intranuclear and intracy-toplasmic inclusions in the intestine. Based on the qRT-PCR assay, laboratory tests and lesions ob-served, it was established that the raccoons got infected with CDV, and two of them died as a result. The necropsy, histological lesions and immunohistochemical results are comparable between dogs and racoons. Through the results obtained, it was concluded that the interspecific infection is possible and the epidemiological risk of infection transmitted by racoons to domestic animals, such as dogs and cats, needs to be examined in the future.

The new unique technology for granulation of metals and nonmetallic melts is presented in the paper. It was created on the newly developed controlled film flow disintegration with rapid cooling of the droplets and solidified granules in amorphous state. Three new phenomena discovered by us created the base for 3 different methods for granulation of metals and nonmetallic melts in a wide range of granules’ sizes. Electromagnetic resonance method allows producing granules of metals in the range of 1 mm and over. The soliton-like vibrational regime is available for production of any granulation material in the range 0.1-1 mm. Moreover, the shockwave regime is applicable for producing particles from 10 micrometers by size. All methods produce particles of the stated size with a narrow distribution by size: deviation from the average size no more than 50%. The other known methods do not produce granules with such high cooling rate, which can realize the amorphous state and cannot regulate size of particles in such bright but narrow range from 10 micrometers to 1-2 mm.

In this paper a combined Laplace transform (LT) and boundary element method (BEM) is used to find numerical solutions to problems of anisotropic functionally graded media which are governed by the transient diffusion-convection-reaction equation. First, the variable coefficients governing equation is reduced to a constant coefficients equation. Then, the Laplace-transformed constant coefficients equation is transformed a boundary-only integral equation. Using a BEM, the numerical solutions in the frame of Laplace transform may then be obtained from this integral equation. Then the solutions are inversely transformed numerically using the Stehfest formula. Some problems considered are those of compressible or incompressible flow, and of media which are quadratically, exponentially and trigonometrically graded materials. The results obtained show that the analysis used to transform the variable coefficients equation into the constant coefficients equation is valid, and the mixed LT-BEM is easy to implement for obtaining the numerical solutions. The numerical solutions are verified by showing their accuracy and steady state. For symmetric problems, the symmetry of solutions is also justified. Moreover, the effect of the anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the material on the solutions are also shown, as to suggest that it is important to take the anisotropy and inhomogeneity into account when doing experimental studies.

The general desire of the world's population is to eat as healthily as possible, an aspect that has a direct impact on the technological complex aimed at animals raising (proper breeding systems, microclimate factors with implications for the welfare of animals, etc.), as well as on the quality of the finished products that will enter the food supply. Therefore, the authors set out to study how the growth system influences the health status of rainbow trout raised in different systems. The observed experimental factors did not undergo significant changes. However, differences were generated by the applied growth system. For the amount of glucose in the blood, no statistically significant differences were identified between the groups. In contrast, comparison of the amount of glycogen led to obtaining very distinctly significant statistical fluctuations (the mean for P-si was 2.314±0.638 and for P-i 1.980±0.822). Growth hormone varied between 0.504±0.46 in the case of P-si and 0.694±0.22 ng/ml for P-i. The values obtained for cortisol showed a significant influence of stress factors on the studied trout. The general conclusion of the present study is that various technological factors influence the health status of livestock.

Emerging data processing techniques brought back into attention the HF range communication as an interesting alternative to third-party solutions for IoT applications, such as data transmission in distributed energy production facilities. The physical size of HF antennas, often comparable to the surrounding objects, require in-situ radiation measurements. Drone-borne measuring systems are already known as a flexible solution, but mostly restricted to higher frequency ranges. In this work, we propose to use an electrically small, folded dipole as a probe for drone-borne measurements on HF antennas. We also propose a calibration approach for the effects related to the near-field zone, and to the drone body proximity. The impact of ground reflection is also investigated. We show that despite its low, realized gain figure such a probe can provide stable results for near-field measurements, even at low input power levels.

The use of disinfectants, particularly those containing quaternary ammonium compounds (QUACs), has dramatically escalated globally since the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. We report a case that highlights the risks associated with the ingestion of a low-concentration QUACs solution and emphasizes the importance of effective management in resolving severe lesions without sequelae. A 17-month-old boy experienced severe respiratory failure after ingesting a disinfectant containing benzalkonium chloride (BAC). The child was initially treated in a local emergency department and was subsequently transferred to a pediatric poison center. Upon evaluation, the child was found to have grade III-A corrosive esophageal lesions and chemical pneumonitis. Several complications, including massive pneumothorax and candidemia, occurred during the clinical course of the disease. However, with timely medical intervention and appropriate supportive care, the patient completely recovered without any long-term sequelae. The properties of BAC and a comprehensive management approach may have been responsible for the patient's full recovery despite the potential life-threatening effects of the ingestion of disinfectants.

The aim of this study was characterization of some dairy drinks based on Milk Serum regarding major whey proteins (WP) and free amino acids (FAAs) using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) methods. The studied WP, -lactalbumin (-La), bovine serum albumin (BSA), -lactoglobulin A (-Lg A) and -lactoglobulin B (-Lg B) were separated on Aeris XB-C18 column at 214 nm detection. The RP-HPLC method was validated by selectivity, linearity (R2 ≥0.99), sensitivity (LOQ, 1.35–10.08 µg mL−1), accuracy (recovery 96.79-103.07%) and precision (% RSD ≤ 4.13%). The total studied WP in studied dairy drinks varied between 1.42 and 3.047 g·L-1. The chromatographic profile of FAAs (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, histidine, arginine, glycine, threonine, alanine, tyrosine, cysteine, tryptophan, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine and lysine) was determined in lyophilized concentrate of Milk Serum by RP-HPLC using pre-column derivatization reaction with orthophthalaldehyde (OPA). The total studied FAAs in studied samples varied between 1.103 and 1.119 mg·g-1. Moreover, the Milk Serum showed bacteriostatic activity against two bacterial strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The obtained results confirm that dairy drinks based on the Milk Serum constitutes a valuable sources of bioactive components with benefits for human healthy nutrition.

We review recent progress in high-speed orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexed free-space optical communication systems. The outdoor atmospheric turbulence is emulated by an indoor turbulence emulator, which is based on split-step beam propagation method. Adaptive optics, channel coding, Huffman coding combined with LDPC coding, and spatial offset are used for turbulence mitigation; while OAM multiplexing and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) are applied to boost aggregate capacity.

This study delves into the therapeutic potential of two natural compounds, Amentoflavone and Bilobetin, by investigating their interactions with the BPIFB4 protein. BPIFB4, a member of the BPI fold-containing superfamily, has been associated with various biological processes, particularly in longevity and cardioprotection( LAV-BPIFB4). Molecular docking analyses revealed promising binding energies for Amentoflavone and Bilobetin with BPIFB4, suggesting favorable interactions.Additionally by pKCSM database are showed the predicted toxicity properties of Amentoflavone and Bilobetin respectively.This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on natural compounds and their therapeutic implications in the context of vital biological processes. However, these findings underscore the need for further investigations, including in vivo studies and clinical trials, to validate the observed effects and explore the translational potential of Amentoflavone and Bilobetin in promoting cardiovascular health and longevity.

This study investigates the effectiveness of a range of timber-based solutions for seismic and energy retrofitting of existing masonry buildings. These solutions are designed not only to prevent structural collapse during earthquakes but also to create integrated interventions that enhance thermo-physical performance and reduce emissions in existing buildings. Various case scenarios were considered and both mechanical and energetic behavior post-intervention were evaluated. Timber-engineered products serve as foundational components for the retrofit approach, encompassing one-dimensional vertical elements (strong-backs) and various types of panels (cross-laminated timber panels, laminated veneer lumber panels, and oriented strand board panels). The analyzed retrofit techniques share a common principle, involving the attachment of these timber-based elements to the building's wall surfaces through mechanical point-to-point connections. The proposed solutions integrate strong-backs and timber panels with membranes and insulation layers, yielding cohesive and highly effective interventions. Finite element modeling was employed to analyze the mechanical and thermal responses of the retrofitted walls. A comprehensive comparative analysis of various techniques was conducted to determine the most effective solution for each specific scenario.

In this preliminary investigation, a concise molecular docking study using the Pyrx program screened thousands of compounds against the active site of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. The Virtual Screening library was employed to assess binding energetics scores, focusing on identifying candidates with high Vina Scores. Eight compounds, including Tetrophan, Imatinib, Amentoflavone, Alprazolam, Bilobetin, Bafetinib, Nilotinib, and Ginketin, emerged as promising candidates with significant binding energies.Recognizing compounds that strongly bind to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase holds potential for antiretroviral drug development in the fight against HIV infection. Subsequently, the study evaluated the toxicity properties of these candidates using pKCSM. Amentoflavone, a natural biflavonoid found in Ginkgo biloba and Nilotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, demonstrated lower overall toxicity profiles compared to other candidates. Further toxicity analysis using Pro-Tox-II revealed Amentoflavone's higher predictive LD50, lower toxicity class, and reduced probabilities of hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and moderate immunotoxicity compared to Nilotinib. While Nilotinib, a pharmaceutical drug, exhibited higher probabilities of adverse effects in these categories. In summary, Amentoflavone and Nilotinib present as promising candidates with lower toxicity concerns. Amentoflavone, as a natural substance, showcases a more favorable toxicity profile than Nilotinib, offering valuable insights for potential therapeutic applications.

The channels from the superfamily of transient receptor potential (TRP) activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) are defined as redox channels. Those with the best exposure of the cysteine residues and hence the most sensitive to oxidative stress are TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1, while others, such as TRPM2 and TRPM7 are indirectly activated by ROS. Activation by ROS has different effects on the tumorigenic process: some TRP channels may, upon activation, stimulate proliferation, apoptosis, or migration of cancer cells, while others inhibit these processes, depending on the cancer type, tumoral microenvironment and finally on the methods used for evaluation. Therefore, the use of these polymodal proteins as therapeutic targets is still an unmet need, despite their draggability and modulation by simple and mostly unharmful compounds. In this review, we intend to create some cellular models of the interaction between oxidative stress, TRP channels, and inflammation. Although the crosstalk between the three actors is rather theoretical, we intended to gather the recently published data and proposed pathways of cancer inhibition using modulators of TRP proteins, hoping that the experimental data corroborated with clinical information may finally bring the results from the bench to the bedside.

The study aims to investigate SEBT indicators in female representatives of various types of single combats and to identify differences between them. The research was conducted at the Lviv State University of Physical Culture named after Ivan Bobersky, Ukraine in November-December 2023. Female university students aged 18-22 participated in the study: 10 representatives from Kyokushinkai karate, 6 from boxing, 8 from fencing (epee), and 7 from WKF karate. Research methods: analysis of literary sources and materials from the Internet; anthropometry; SEBT; methods of mathematical statistics. The hypothesis of this work is confirmed by the results of the conducted research, which indicates that engaging in a certain type of combat sport has its specific imprint (profile) on the SEBT indicators. The results of the correlations of SEBT indicators in boxing and fencing representatives indirectly indicate the asymmetric impact of these single combats on the arms and legs of a person's body. The SEBT results of Kyokushinkai karate representatives indicate the symmetry and uniform development of the left and right parts of the body. The indicators of the WKF karate representatives occupy an intermediate place in this comparison: the peculiarities of their SEBT indicators show that along with symmetrical manifestations, asymmetric ones are also observed.

(1) Background: There are links between tension-type headache and/or migraine with dysfunctions of the cervical and masticatory muscles and with psychosocial factors. The study aims to highlight the connections between primary headaches, bruxism and psychosocial issues, the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach in decreasing the intensity and frequency of the headache episodes and bruxism. (2) Methods: 67 patients with primary headache and bruxism were divided into two equal groups. The subjects attended manual therapy sessions twice a week and a weekly counselling session for three months. (3) Results: an overall comparison before and after three months show a significant decrease of the qualitative variables (tension-type headache, migraine, awake bruxism, limited jaw opening, anxiety and stress) after 3 months. Comparing the efficiency of the procedures after 3 months between the two groups, awake bruxism and perceived stress are significantly different. (4) Conclusions: Although the differences are not radical when comparing MT with MT+C at three months, the patients who received either manual therapy or this treatment combination showed an improvement in pain relief, in the frequency and complexity of their symptoms, a reduction in functional disability and an overall improvement of the quality of their lives after three months of treatment.

1) Background- Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common surgical intervention for patients with severe coronary artery disease. The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score has been widely used to predict mortality risk in patients with end-stage liver disease, but its utility in predicting postoperative outcomes in cardiac surgery patients is less well-established. 2) Methods-This retrospective study aims to investigate the association between preoperative MELD score and post-operative complications, length of hospital stay, and mortality in patients under-going coronary artery bypass grafting. This is a single-center, retrospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary care academic medical center. The study includes all adult patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting between January 2011 and December 2020. Preoperative MELD scores were calculated for each patient, and postoperative outcomes including major ad-verse cardiac events, length of hospital stay, and 30-day mortality was assessed. To ensure a homogeneous study cohort, we excluded patients who underwent emergent cardiac procedures or had incomplete data necessary for the calculation of MELD scores and assessment of postoperative outcomes. Data was extracted from the electronic medical records, including patient de-mographics, comorbidities, preoperative laboratory values, operative details, and postoperative outcomes. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board, and the require-ment for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.3) Results- This study reveals a statistical association between the MELD score calculated at admission and the length of hospital stay, duration in the ICU, patient age, and the duration of aortic clamping and extracorporeal circulation. Specifically, there is an exponential increase in the MELD score corre-lating with the rise in these factors, both collectively and individually, highlighting a significant relationship between the duration of extracorporeal circulation and aortic clamping time. 4) Conclusion-Patients with a high MELD score had an increased risk of postoperative complications and mortality compared to those with a low MELD score. Careful preoperative patient selection and optimization of the patient's clinical condition may improve outcomes in patients with advanced liver disease undergoing cardiac surgery.

This paper presents results from numerical and experimental investigation on Charpy tests in order to point out failure mechanisms and to evaluate new polymeric blends PP+PA6+EPDM. Charpy tests were done for initial velocity of the impactor of 0.96 m/s and its mass of 3.219 kg and these data were also introduced in the finite element model. The proposed model take into account the system of four balls, including support and the ring of fixing the three balls and it has a finer discretization of the impact area to highlight the mechanisms of failure and their development in time. The constitutive models for four materials (polypropylene with 1% Kritilen, two blends PP+PA6+EPDM and a blend PA6+EPDM) were derived from tensile tests. Running simulations for each constitutive model of material makes possible to differentiate the destruction mechanisms according to the material introduced in the simulation, including the initiation and the development of the crack(s), based on equivalent plastic strain at break (EPS) for each material. The validation of the model and the simulation results was done qualitatively, analysing the shape of broken surfaces and comparing them to SEM images and quantitatively by comparing the impact duration, energy absorbed by the sample, the value of maximum force during impact. The duration of the destruction of the specimen is longer than the actual one, explainable by the fact that the material model does not take into account the influence of the material deformation speed in Charpy test, the model being designed with the help of tests done at 0.016 m/s (1000 mm/min) (maximum strain rate for the tensile tests). Experimental results are encouraging for recommending the blends 20% PP+42% PA6+28% EPDM and 60% PA6+ 40%EPDM as materials for impact protection at low velocity (1m/s). Simulation results are closer to the experimental ones for the more brittle tested materials (with less content of PA6 and EPDM) and more distanced for the more ductile materials (with higher content of PA6 and EPDM).

Summary— Introduction: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks and destroys one type of white blood cell, in particular, the CD4 lymphocytes, which are responsible for the body's immune response. This weakens the immune system to such an extent that it can no longer fight other viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and tumors. Methods: We investigated the potential biological role of the natural compound Polydatin (or piceid) using SwissDock, a web service to predict the molecular interactions that can occur between a target protein and a small molecule. Discussion: For the first time, we have investigated the role of polydatin against HIV-1 protease and HIV-2 protease through a computational approach by comparing their estimated ΔG values (kcal/mol) and the nature of the interactions between the residues in the catalytic center of the HIV proteases.Conclusion: From these simulations, Polydatin has excellent physical properties and an excellent estimated ΔG value (kcal/mol) of about -9.9 kcal/mol against HIV-2 protease and ΔG value (kcal/mol) of about -9.5 kcal/mol against HIV-1 protease. In addition, Polydatin was able to bind to two key amino acids of the catalytic triad sequence common to asparagine proteases (Asp25 and Gly27)

(1) Background: Food waste (FW) in Romania is 70 Kg/capita/year, while 70% of food waste comes from public catering, retail services, and households (over 50% – 47 million tons). (2) Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using an online questionnaire via the Google Forms platform from 15 April 2023 to 15 May 2023. The questionnaire was designed to assess various aspects, such as some socio-demographic information (age, sex, occupation, area of residence, study level, household members number, children < 18 years of age); the personal involvement and frequency of food purchases and homemade food cooking; the main sources that generate food waste; the motivation and frequency with which food waste occurs; the level of awareness regarding the impact of food waste; the respondents' intentions regarding sustainable behaviors and practices food management; the level of information and familiarity of the respondents with the notions of validity and how these may influence their food consumption decisions. (3) The results show that FW incidence is occasionally (42%), very rarely (43.33%), frequently (15%), and no food waste was reported by 2.66% of respondents. The [35-44] age category records the highest FW frequency, followed by [18-24]. The most wasted are homemade food (29.67%), bread and bakery products (27.00%), and fruits and vegetables (14.33%). High involvement in purchasing and buying food following a previously established list reduces FW frequency. The same is valid for high daily involvement in food and homemade cooking. High interest in the FW problem and its perception as a waste of money leads to diminishing it, while guilty feelings increase the FW level (37.50% to 73.33%). (4) Conclusions: The present study shows that household food waste management is a multifactorial process that involves numerous socio-demographic, behavioral, and emotional aspects. Extensive data analysis supports our results, revealing deep self-reported information details and confirming its complex approach.

In this preliminary investigation, a concise molecular docking study using the Pyrx program screened thousands of compounds against the active site of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. The Virtual Screening library was employed to assess binding energetics scores, focusing on identifying candidates with high Vina Scores. Eight compounds, including Tetrophan, Imatinib, Amentoflavone, Alprazolam, Bilobetin, Bafetinib, Nilotinib, and Ginketin, emerged as promising candidates with significant binding energies.Recognizing compounds that strongly bind to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase holds potential for antiretroviral drug development in the fight against HIV infection. Subsequently, the study evaluated the toxicity properties of these candidates using pKCSM. Amentoflavone, a natural biflavonoid found in Ginkgo biloba and Nilotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, demonstrated lower overall toxicity profiles compared to other candidates. Further toxicity analysis using Pro-Tox-II revealed Amentoflavone's higher predictive LD50, lower toxicity class, and reduced probabilities of hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and moderate immunotoxicity compared to Nilotinib. While Nilotinib, a pharmaceutical drug, exhibited higher probabilities of adverse effects in these categories. In summary, Amentoflavone and Nilotinib present as promising candidates with lower toxicity concerns. Amentoflavone, as a natural substance, showcases a more favorable toxicity profile than Nilotinib, offering valuable insights for potential therapeutic applications.

This study focused on the investigation of myeloperoxidase through a Molecular Docking approach with various natural compounds to identify potential substances for cardiovascular research. Recent research has linked elevated myeloperoxidase levels to the severity of coronary artery disease. The results of the docking analysis revealed Polydatin, Daidzin, Astringin, Ginkgetin, and Amentoflavone as promising compounds with excellent binding capacity. To complement this, toxicity prediction studies were conducted using pkCSM. Overall, all four investigated molecules (Amentoflavone, Daidzin, Ginkgetin, and Astringin) were found to be non-toxic, exhibiting high maximum tolerated doses (human) and favorable values for Oral Rat Acute Toxicity and Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity. Moreover, they showed non-AMES toxicity and non-hepatotoxicity. Astringin, in particular, stood out with the highest positive effects, including a high maximum tolerated dose (human) and favorable values for Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity, along with dual inhibition of hERG II and hERG I. These findings suggest the potential utility of these compounds in cardiovascular research with minimized unwanted effects.

For the first time, this study identified seven potential ligands with high binding energies through the docking approach against the Crystal Structure of human Melanoma-associated antigen B1 (MAGEB1). The ligands—Imatinib, Bafatinib, Diosmin, Ginkgetin, Bilobetin, Amentoflavone, and Hypericin—showing strong binding energies around -10 kcal/mol, indicate a potentially robust interaction with the target protein. Moreover, the additional step of predicting toxicity properties using the pKCSM server provides valuable insights into the safety profiles of these ligands. From these results, the parameters for Diosmin: —Max. tolerated dose (human),- Oral Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50), and - Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity (LOAEL)—suggest a favorable safety profile, making it a potential candidate for further consideration against Melanoma. Moving forward, it's advisable to conduct further experimental validations, including in vitro and in vivo studies, to confirm the efficacy and safety of Diosmin and other potential ligands. Consideration of pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and specific mechanisms of action will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of these compounds' potential as therapeutic agents.

The paper investigates the issues of transliteration of Russian toponyms in a city environment and studies the efficiency of the Technical Reference Manual for the Standardization of Geographical Names published by the United Nations group of experts. The paper demonstrates the feasibility of the UN and Russian official transliteration standards and compares the suggested theoretical models with the practical applications found on the street signs, labels, maps, and other sources of navigation. The author presents a comprehensive account of practical transcription methods used in Moscow and offers a solution to a number of issues and discrepancies between popular transliteration models and their real-life application.

Therapies targeting amyloid, such as monoclonal antibodies like Lecanemab, Aducanumab, and Donanemab, have garnered FDA approval but remain controversial due to limited clinical benefits and significant side effects against Alzheimer. The present theorical work utilized Virtual Screening and Docking techniques to explore potential small natural molecules' interactions with the KIBRA protein, a promising target for drug development. Kibra protein is considered a biomarker for synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline. Employing Autodock Vina and Pyrx software, on several natural compounds and found Hypericin to exhibit the lowest binding energy of approximately -9 kcal/mol. Previous studies have highlighted Hypericin's strong affinity for Alzheimer's Disease-associated targets like ABAD and BACE1. These findings suggest Hypericin could be as a potential therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's Disease. Further research is warranted to validate its efficacy and safety for clinical use.

This paper intends to delve deeply into the current understanding of the ways in which the transition from a central-based economy to an economy relying on free competition, has led to changes in the big urban centres, bringing about a change in the relationships with the suburban areas. The authors take into account the high population density, the lack of space and the elevated price of terrains inside the big cities, hence urban functions migrate beyond the administrative boundaries, thus favouring the process of suburbanization. Within this context, commercial forces are shifted, migrating from the centre to the urban peripheries, or even outside them. This research is based on a comprehensive process of participative investigation (2012-2022) in Bucharest, Ro-mania’s capital city. The research relies on field investigation, statistical and quantitative analyses and bibliographical sources. The conclusions rely primarily on the idea that political changes cannot be separated from economic, cultural and environmental ones, highlighting globalizing flows and the development of big cities. Industrial activities, strongly developed within a central-based economy, have significantly declined, partly compensated for by the development of the tertiary sector and of commercial services, in particular, leading to a functional reconversion of the urban peripheries and of suburban areas. The conclusions suggest that it is very important to be highly careful towards the dilemmas and provocations ensuing from uncontrolled urban growth, therefore several measures of urban planning should be taken with a view to achieving a better co-operation between urban stakeholders and those from the metropolitan areas so as to attain some common objectives in infrastructure in order to reach an integrated regional development.

(1) Background: In patients suffering from heart failure, the main causes of death are either he-modynamic failure, or ventricular arrhythmias. The only tool to significantly reduce arrhythmic sudden death is the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), but not all patients benefit to the same extend of these devices. (2) Methods: The primary outcome of this single center study was defined as cardiovascular death in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure who have benefited from ICD therapy. The secondary outcomes were death from any cause, sudden cardiac death, ICD-related therapies (appropriate antitachycardia pacing or shock therapy for ventricular tachycardia or fi-brillation) and recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. (3) Results: A total of 403 consecutive ICD recipients – symptomatic heart failure patients with ICD for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death – were included retrospectively: 59% is-chemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) and 41% non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICMP). Within a median follow-up period of 36 months, the incidence of cardiovascular mortality was not signif-icantly different in patients with NICMP and ICMP: the primary outcome had occurred in 9 pa-tients (5.4%) in the NICMP group and in 14 patients (5.9%) in the ICMP group (hazard ratio 1; 95%confidence interval [CI] 0.45 to 2.28; p =0.97). All-cause mortality occurred in 14 of 166 pa-tients (8.4%) in NICMP group and 18 of 237 patients (7.6%) in ICMP group. Sudden cardiac death occurred in 2 patients (1.2%) in the NICMP group and in 4 patients (1.7%) in the ICMP group (hazard ratio 0.71; 95% CI, 0.13 to 3.88; P=0.69). The rate of appropriate device therapies was comparable in both groups. (4) Conclusion: In this study, ICD implantation for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with symptomatic systolic heart failure was associated with similar rates of cardiovas-cular and all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic heart disease, and in patients with heart failure from other causes. NICMP and ICMP showed comparable rates of recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmias and appropriate ICD therapies.

Background: Obesity remains a widely debated issue, often criticized for the limitations in its identification and classification. This study aims to compare two distinct systems for classifying obesity: Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) as assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). By examining these measures, the study seeks to clarify how different metrics of body composition influence the identification of obesity-related risk factors. Methods: The study enrolled 1255 adults, comprising 471 males and 784 females, with a mean age of 36 ± 11.90 years. Participants exhibited varying degrees of weight status, including optimal weight, overweight, and obesity. Body composition analysis was conducted using the TANITA Body Composition Analyzer BC-418 MA III device (T5896, Tokyo, Japan), evaluating the following parameters: current weight, basal metabolic rate (BMR), adipose tissue (%), muscle mass (%), and hydration status (%). Results: Age and psychological factors like cravings, fatigue, stress, and compulsive eating were significant predictors of obesity in the BMI model but not in the BFP model. Additionally, having a family history of diabetes was protective in the BMI model (OR: 0.33) but increased risk in the BFP model (OR: 1.66). The BMI model demonstrates exceptional predictive ability (AUC=0.998). In contrast, the BFP model, while still performing well, exhibits a lower AUC (0.975), indicating slightly reduced discriminative power compared to the BMI model. Conclusions:BMI classification demonstrates superior predictive accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. This suggests that BMI remains a more reliable measure for identifying obesity-related risk factors compared to the BFP model.

Reservoir computing (RC) systems can efficiently forecast chaotic time series using nonlinear dynamical properties of an artificial neural network of random connections. The versatility of RC systems has motivated further research on both hardware counterparts of traditional RC algorithms and more efficient RC-like schemes. Inspired by the nonlinear processes in a living biological brain and using solitary waves excited on the surface of a flowing liquid film, in this paper we experimentally validate a physical RC system that substitutes the effect of randomness for a nonlinear transformation of input data. Carrying out all operations using a microcontroller with a minimal computational power, we demonstrate that the so-designed RC system serves as a technically simple hardware counterpart to the `next-generation’ improvement of the traditional RC algorithm.

This study investigates the potential antimicrobial utility of the natural substance Amentoflavone against four dangerous bacterial strains—Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Helicobacter pylori, Haemophilus influenzae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Utilizing molecular docking studies, are assessed the binding interactions between Amentoflavone and key protein targets crucial for the viability of these bacteria. The findings suggest promising binding affinities, particularly in the active sites of Aminoglycoside 2'-N-acetyltransferase, Thioredoxin Reductase, N-acetylneuraminate Lyase, and Glucose-1-phosphate Thymidylyltransferase in the respective bacterial strains. While these in silico results provide initial insights, further in vitro and in vivo experiments are essential to validate the biological relevance and efficacy of Amentoflavone as a potential antimicrobial agent against these bacterial pathogens.

The study focused on Molecular Docking simulations using Autodock Vina in conjunction with the Pyrx program to investigate potential drugs and natural compounds against the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein. From initial virtual screening of 200 compounds, 11 potential candidates were selected for further evaluation. Additional investigations included toxicity prediction using the pKCSM server. Among the compounds, Diosmin and Hesperidin showed high maximum tolerated doses in humans and low toxicity. Conversely, only Eltrombopag among the selected drugs exhibited excellent parameters, albeit with a potential risk of liver damage at high dosages. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive evaluation of efficacy and safety in the development of potential treatments targeting the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein.

This study employs molecular docking experiments to investigate the binding interactions of Hypericin with key proteins implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hypericin demonstrated a significant binding energy of -10.1 kcal/mol with ABAD (3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type II). The analysis revealed multiple binding interactions, including hydrogen bonds with arginine 6, serine 7, and glutamic acid 140, as well as hydrophobic bonds involving leucine 11, aspartic acid 142, and aspartic acid 86. These findings illuminate the intricate molecular interactions between Hypericin and ABAD, suggesting its potential as a lead compound for further therapeutic development in the context of Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, a parallel docking investigation was conducted for Beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), a protein pivotal in the generation of beta-amyloid peptides—a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Inhibiting BACE1 activity is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. Computational analyses suggest that Hypericin may serve as a potential inhibitor of BACE1. Molecular Docking results reveal a robust binding affinity between Hypericin and BACE1, supported by a significant binding energy score of -10.3 kcal/mol. Notably, both ABAD and BACE1 exhibit high binding affinity with Hypericin. This theoretical exploration provides an initial understanding of the intricate molecular pathways involved in Alzheimer's disease and proposes Hypericin as a potential therapeutic compound for mitigating its progression.

Docking results suggest that Amentoflavone has a higher affinity for investigated Serine/threonine-protein kinases, indicating potential interactions that may influence the activities of these kinases. The negative values of the binding energies signify strong and stable interactions, suggesting that Amentoflavone could be a key molecule in modulating the functions of these kinases, which play crucial roles in cellular processes such as cell cycle regulation and apoptosis.

This comprehensive analysis aims to offer valuable insights into the safety profiles of these glucocorticoids, facilitating the identification of compounds with potentially reduced adverse effects. This study investigates the toxicity profiles of various glucocorticoids, utilizing predictions from the pKCSM Server. Among the glucocorticoids examined, Dexamethasone, Triamcinolone, Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate, Paramethasone, Fluprednisolone, and Flumethasone emerge as potentially less toxic, displaying favorable scores across diverse parameters such as Max. Tolerated Dose (human, MRT), Oral Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50), and Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity (LOAEL). Notably, Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate and Triamcinolone stand out for their high tolerability capacity based on the Max. Tolerated Dose (human, MRT), suggesting enhanced safety profiles. These findings contribute insights into selecting glucocorticoids with optimal safety and tolerability for potential therapeutic applications.Further research and clinical investigations are warranted to validate and refine these findings, ensuring the responsible and effective use of glucocorticoids in medical practice.

Summary— Introduction: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks and destroys one type of white blood cell in particular, the CD4 lymphocytes, which are responsible for the body's immune response. This weakens the immune system to such an extent that it can no longer fight other viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi and tumours. Methods: We investigated the potential biological role of the natural compound Polydatin (or piceid) using SwissDock, a web service to predict the molecular interactions that can occur between a target protein and a small molecule. Discussion: For the first time, we have investigated the role of polydatin against HIV-1 protease and HIV-2 protease through a computational approach by comparing their estimated ΔG values (kcal/mol) and the nature of the interactions between the residues in the catalytic centre of the HIV proteases.Conclusion: From these simulations, Polydatin has excellent physical properties and an excellent estimated ΔG value (kcal/mol) of about -9.9 kcal/mol against HIV-2 protease and ΔG value (kcal/mol) of about -9.5 kcal/mol against HIV-1 protease. In addition, Polydatin was able to bind to two key amino acids of the catalytic triad sequence common to asparagine proteases (Asp25 and Gly27)

This study explores the potential of natural compounds, including Daidzin, Luteolin, and Silibinin, as inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Docking simulations were performed using Autodock Vina with Pyrx program to evaluate the binding affinities of these compounds with MAO-B. Results indicate that Daidzin, Luteolin, and Silibinin exhibit promising binding affinities with MAO-B, with Daidzin demonstrating the highest affinity. Toxicity parameters were further predicted using the PkCSM Server, confirming the low toxicity of these compounds. Overall, the findings suggest that Daidzin, Luteolin, and Silibinin have the potential to be effective and safe treatments for Parkinson's disease through their inhibition of MAO-B. Further experimental validation is warranted to support their therapeutic efficacy in clinical settings.

Investigations are currently in progress to assess the potential of elevated FABP3 levels as biomarkers for assessing cardiac and cerebral injury post-stroke. Ongoing research endeavors are concentrated on elucidating the specific mechanisms by which FABPs, particularly FABP3, contribute to the complex processes involved in ischemic stroke. This study employs molecular docking techniques within a Virtual Screening framework to examine the interaction between various natural substances and the active site of human heart fatty acid-binding protein (PDB Code 4TKH). Utilizing Pyrx and Autodock Vina, the research aims to pinpoint compounds demonstrating robust binding interactions, characterized by high binding energy scores (kcal/mol) and the formation of multiple chemical bonds. The anticipated outcomes have the potential to yield valuable insights into the molecular interactions influencing human heart fatty acid-binding protein, suggesting possible implications for therapeutic interventions using these natural substances.From the docking and predicted toxicity results, Resistomycin has demonstrated superior characteristics compared to Morusin.

Background: Lately, the high incidence of pesticide usage has attracted everyone's interest due to the serious effects produced. Fipronil (FIP) is a phenylpyrazole compound that acts on the insect’s GABA neurotransmitter by inhibiting its activity. Moreover, literature reports highlight its impli-cation in neurodevelopmental abnormalities and oxidative stress production in different organisms. Similarly, pyriproxyfen (PYR) is known to affect insects’ activity by mimicking the natural hormones involved in the maturation of the young insects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of these pesticides’ mixture on zebrafish tissues and behavior. Methods: To assess the in-fluence of this cocktail on zebrafish, three groups of animals were randomly selected and exposed to 0, 0.05 and 0.1 mg L-1 FIP and PYR mixture for 5 days. The fish were evaluated daily by the T-maze tests as locomotor activity and dark-light test and recorded for 4 minutes. The data was quantified using the EthoVision software. Results: Our results indicated significant changes in locomotor ac-tivity parameters showing increased levels following exposure to the mixture of FIP and PYR. On the other hand, the mixture also triggered anxiety in the zebrafish, which spent more time in the light area than in the dark. In addition, mixture-induced histological changes were observed in the form of numerous hemosiderin deposits found in various zebrafish tissues. Conclusions: The cur-rent findings indicate that the mixture of FIP and PYR can have considerable consequences on adult zebrafish and may promote or cause functional neurological changes in addition to histological ones.

Water samples for bacterial microbiome studies undergo a biomass concentration, DNA extraction and taxonomic identification steps. Through benchmarking, we studied the applicability of Skimmed milk flocculation (SMF) for bacterial enrichment, an adapted in-house DNA extraction protocol, and six 16S rRNA databases (16S-DBs). Surface water samples from two rivers were treated with SMF and Vacuum filtration (VF) and subjected to amplicon or shotgun metagenomics. A mock community standard underwent five DNA extraction protocols, taxonomical identification with six different 16S-DBs and evaluated by the Measurement Integrity Quotient (MIQ) score. In SMF samples, the skimmed milk was metabolized by members of lactic acid bacteria or genera such as Polaromonas, Macrococcus, and Agitococcus, resulting in increased relative abundance (p < 0.5) up to 5.0 log fold change compared to VF, rendering SMF inapplicable for bacterial microbiome studies. The best performing DNA extraction protocols were FastSpin Soil, the in-house method and EurX. All 16S-DBs yielded comparable MIQ scores within each DNA extraction kit, ranging from 61-66 (ZymoBIOMICs) up to 80-82 (FastSpin). DNA extraction kits exert more bias to the composition than the 16S-DBs. This benchmarking study presented valuable insights to inform future water metagenomic study designs.

or the first time, this communication is intended to perform the possible biological role of natural compound Hypericin, in the Crystal Structure of dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2), by Molecular and Dynamic Simulation. From Docking analysis by Autodock Vina and Autodock 4, Hypericin shows a significant ability to binds to DYRK2 protein, an important receptor for cell growth and development. Indeed, from docking studies Hypericin reports a binding energy value of about -13 kcal/mol and Estimated Inhibition Constant (Ki)of ca 1nM . Regarding MD simulation.From our results, this theoretical research it could has excellent future implications in the fight against cancer disease.

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is a leafy vegetable that provides a valuable source of phytonutrients for a healthy human diet. Assessment of plant growth and composition is vital for determining crop yield and overall quality, however, classical laboratory analyses are slow and costly. Therefore, new, less expensive, more rapid, and non-destructive approaches are being developed, including those based on (hyper)spectral reflectance. Additionally, it is also important to determine how plant phenotypes respond to fertilizer treatments and whether these differences in response can be detected from analyses of hyperspectral image data. In the current study, we demonstrate the suitability of hyperspectral imaging in combination with machine learning models to estimate the content of chlorophyll (SPAD), anthocyanins (ACI), glucose, fructose, sucrose, vitamin C, β-carotene, N, P, K, dry matter content, and plant fresh weight. The implemented five classification and regression machine learning models showed high accuracy in classifying the lettuces by the applied fertilizers treatments and estimating nutrient concentrations. To reduce the input (predictor data, i.e., hyperspectral data) dimension, 13 principal components were found and applied in models. The implemented artificial neural network models of the machine learning algorithm demonstrated high accuracy (r = 0.85 ... 0.99) in estimating fresh leaf weight, and contents of chlorophyll, anthocyanins, N, P, K, and β-carotene. The four applied classification models of machine learning demonstrated 100% accuracy in classifying the studied baby leaf lettuces by phenotype when certain fertilizer treatments were applied.

This six-year multicentre study investigated acute intentional poisoning with substances of abuse in adolescents to identify changes and patterns in substance use. Data from 568 adolescents were collected from three paediatric poison centres in Romania between January 2017 and December 2022. The study analysed the epidemiological and sociodemographic characteristics of the adolescents, including age, gender, place of residence, history of substance abuse, psychiatric history, and history of institutionalized care. The findings revealed that cannabis and new psychoactive sub-stances (NPSs) are the most commonly implicated substances, each with distinct profiles among adolescents. Cannabis was involved in 45.6% of cases, with a significant association with urban residency. NPSs were identified as the second most prevalent substance, accounting for 38.9% of cases. These were more prevalent in rural areas and among patients with psychiatric disorders. Cannabis and NPSs were also the most commonly implicated substances in acute intentional poisoning cases with substances of abuse. These substances have distinct profiles among adolescents, including age, gender, residency area, history of substance abuse, psychiatric history, and institutional care. These findings underscore the necessity of targeted public health interventions and integrated care approaches to address substance use and related mental health issues in adolescents.

Infectious diseases, as COVID-19 is proving, pose a global health threat in an interconnected world. In the last 20 years, resistant infectious diseases such as SARS, MERS, H1N1, Ebola, Zika and now COVID-19 have been impacting global health defences, and aggressively flourishing within the rise of global travel, urbanization, climate change and ecological degradation. In parallel, this extraordinary episode in global human health highlights the potential for artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled disease surveillance to collect and analyse vast amounts of unstructured and real-time data to inform epidemiological and public health emergency responses. The uses of AI in these dynamic environments are increasingly complex, challenging the potential for human autonomous decisions. In this context, our study of qualitative perspectives will consider a responsible AI framework to explore its potential application to disease surveillance in a global health context. Thus far, there is a gap in the literature in considering these multiple and interconnected levels of disease surveillance and emergency health management through the lens of a responsible AI framework.

In 2015, Romania was the first country in Europe that achieved EU targets regarding the share of renewables in the generation mix, far ahead of the 2020 deadline. Starting with the energy structure in Romania, the paper: (1) analyses the evolution of the main indicators in the renewable energy sector, (2) discloses the perspectives of renewable energy in Romania synthesizing the main trends of development in the field and (3) analyses the challenges facing with the development of renewable energy in Romania. Based on analyzing the exploratory data, the paper makes a preliminary prediction of the development of the sector for the future decades and proposes targeted countermeasures and suggestions. Romania still has unexploited potential concerning renewable energy sources. Because Romania registered a continuous economic growth, the demand for electricity is steadily growing, and this trend is expected to continue. Also, Romania could introduce a support mechanism for developing the potential of unexploited potential. The results of the present study may be useful for further research regarding public policies for the development of renewable energy. Also, it can represent a useful analysis in order to identify the future trends of renewable energy in Romania.

Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) was developed by Charles Ragin in 1987 for the comparative analysis of small data sets. The method has become widespread in sociological and economic research. There are examples of successful use of QCA in the field of medicine and epidemiology. The purpose of this review is to describe the key stages of QCA with a discussion the application of this method to the analysis of medical and epidemiological data.

This paper presents an analysis of the power flow within the Northern Interconnected Grid of Cameroon. The Newton-Raphson method has been performed, known for its accuracy, under MATLAB software, to model and solve complex power flow equations. This study simulates a series of outage scenarios to evaluate the responsive-ness of the grid. The results obtained underline the crucial importance of reactive power management and highlight the urgent need to consolidate the grid infrastructure of North Cameroon. To increase grid resilience and stability, the paper recommends the strategic integration of renewables and the development of interconnections with other power grids. These measures are presented as viable solutions to meet cur-rent and future energy distribution challenges, ensuring a reliable and sustainable power supply for Cameroon.

The strong competition in the automotive industry has required manufacturers to implement lean production, both with methods and techniques specific to Industry 4.0. At the same time, universities must provide graduates with specific skills for applying these new production methods and techniques. In this context, a Lean Learning Factory was developed in the Pitesti University Center, which allows students to learn, experiment, and research, in an environment similar to that of enterprises, the new Lean Manufacturing methods and techniques, and Industry 4.0. The research presented in this study had as its objective identifying the minimum number of repetitions necessary to train operators who serve two differently organized workstations, one classic, the other including digital techniques, but on which the same assembly operation is performed. Several indicators were considered in the analysis, such as the number of errors, the number of stops, the effective duration of the work cycle, and the percentage ratio between the standard duration of cyclical activities and the effective duration of the work cycle. The evolution of these indicators was mathematically modelled by regression functions, using the least squares method. The obtained results also highlight the usefulness of applying the DOJO method as a Lean manufacturing-specific learning technique and the efficiency of implementing digital techniques in work organization.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cataracts (CA) have an early onset in diabetes mellitus (DM) due to the redox imbalance and inflammation triggered by hyperglycemia. Plant-based therapies are characterized by low bioavailability in ocular tissues. The study aimed to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles phytoreduced with Rutin (AuNPsR), as a possible solution. Insulin, Rutin, and AuNPsR, were administered to an early, six-week rat model of DR and CA. Oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, SOD) was assessed in serum and eye homogenates, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF alpha) were quantified in ocular tissues. Fundus of retinal arterioles, retina histopathology and lens transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were also performed. DM was linked to constricted retinal arterioles, reduced endogen antioxidants, and eye inflammation. Histologically, retinal wall thickness decreased. TEM showed increased lens opacity and fiber disorganization. Rutin improved retinal arteriolar diameter, while reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Retinas were moderately edematous. Lens structure was preserved on TEM. Insulin restored retinal arteriolar diameter, while increasing MDA, and amplifying TEM lens opacity. The best outcomes were obtained for AuNPsR, as it improved fundus appearance of retinal arterioles, decreased MDA formation and increased antioxidant capacity. Retinal edema and disorganization in lens fibers were still present.

The response of plasmonic metal particles to an electromagnetic wave undergoes significant features at the nanoscale level. Different properties of the internal composition of a metal, such as its ionic background and the free electron gas, begin to manifest more prominently. As the dimensions of the nanostructures decrease, the classical local theory gradually becomes inadequate. Therefore, Maxwellʹs equations need to be supplemented with a relationship determining the dynamics of current density which is the essence of nonlocal plasmonic models. In this field of physics, the standard (linearized) hydrodynamic model (HDM) has been widely adopted with great success, serving as the basis for a variety of simulation methods. However, ongoing efforts are also being made to expand and refine it. Recently, the GNOR (general nonlocal optical response) modification of the HDM has been used, with the intention of incorporating the influence of electron gas diffusion. Clearly, from the classical description of fluid dynamics, a close relationship between viscosive damping and diffusion arises. This offers a relevant motivation for introducing the GNOR modification in an alternative manner. The standard HDM and its existing GNOR modification also do not include the influence of interband electron transitions in the conduction band and other phenomena that are part of many refining modifications of the Drude‐Lorentz and other models of metal permittivity. In this article, we present a modified version of GNOR‐HDM that incorporates the viscosive damping of the electron gas and a generalized Drude‐Lorentz term. In the selected simulations, we also introduce Landau damping which corrects the magnitude of the standard damping constant of the electron gas based on the size of the nanoparticle. We have chosen a spherical particle as a suitable object for testing and comparing HD models and their modifications because it allows finding precise analytical solutions for the interaction and, simultaneously, it is a relatively easily fabricable nanostructure in practice. Our contribution also includes our own analytical method for solving the HDM interaction of a plane wave with a spherical particle. This method forms the core of calculations of the characteristic quantities, such as the extinction cross‐sections and the corresponding components of electric fields and current densities.

Chronic stress, culminating in burnout, evolves gradually and is notoriously difficult to detect due to vague symptoms and individuals' hesitance to acknowledge their struggles. To expedite the identification and recognition of this condition, enabling timely psychological intervention, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly considered. This research does not assert the feasibility of an AI system managing all aspects of chronic stress's impact. However, it highlights the capability of current technology to detect stress indicators based on quantifiable data like Heart Rate (HR) and organizational climate dimensions. Although other physiological markers such as oximetry, skin galvanic response, and EKG have been explored, they have not shown reliable differentiation between stress and joy. Focused on the unique context of school principals in the Bedouin regions of Israel, this study investigates the interplay between HR, organizational climate, and stress levels. It introduces a novel application of a fuzzy logic tool that combines HR and organizational climate metrics to aid in stress diagnosis. This tool incorporates the psychologist's expertise to provide real-time data crucial for developing effective coping strategies. While the AI-supported fuzzy system does not replace professional psychological intervention, it significantly enhances the speed of condition identification and intervention planning, thus shortening the response time to stress-related issues in educational leadership within culturally specific settings. The application of such AI-driven tools is pivotal for sustaining the well-being and effectiveness of educational leaders, thereby supporting the broader goal of educational sustainability.

Hippocampus plays a crucial role in spatial and episodic memory. The acquisition of new memories is impossible without participation of the hippocampus. There are two main functional states or “modes” of the hippocampal activity, theta and non-theta state. They have different behavioral correlates and clearly different spectral content of the LFPs and neuronal spiking. Hippocampal theta state is present under active exploratory behavior, locomotion, cognitive situations requiring attention and REM sleep. Slow-wave sleep and quiet wakefulness (immobility, eating, grooming) represent the non-theta hippocampal state. The nodal point for the regulation of hippocampal activity is the MS. The activation or suppression of different types of MS cells appears to be responsible for controlling hippocampal theta and non-theta states. Functional coupling between MS neurons and hippocampal interneurons varies in a state-dependent manner.

The application of antimicrobials in aquaculture primarily aims to prevent and treat bacterial infections in fish. Inappropriate use of antimicrobials in fish farming may result in the emergence of zoonotic antibiotic-resistant bacteria and subsequent transmission of resistant strains to humans via food consumption. From recently, AMR emerged as a significant public health concern in the aquaculture ecosystem and fisheries. The aquatic environment serves as a potential reservoir for resistant bacteria, with aquaculture practices providing an ideal breeding ground for AMR due to the excessive use of antimicrobials to prevent and treat diseases. The mutual inter-connection of intensive fish farming systems with terrestrial environments, food processing industry and human population creates pathways for the transmission of resistant bacteria, exacerbating the problem further. One Health concept, which recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal and environmental health, enables a holistic approach to address the challenges posed by AMR. By understanding the evolution of such approach, the future of aquaculture, being the important source of a global animal protein supply, can be safeguarded. Risk mitigation strategies for AMR should be based on One Health concept to contribute to sustainable aquaculture practices that protect human and animal health, ensure food safety and protection of environment.

The spectral properties of a one-dimensional photonic crystal bounded by a resonant absorbing nanocomposite layer with the near-zero permittivity have been studied. The problem of calculating the transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance spectra of such structures at the normal and oblique incidence of light has been solved. It is shown that, depending on the permittivity sign near zero, the nanocomposite is characterized by either metallic or dielectric properties. For the first time, the possibility of simultaneous formation of the Tamm plasmon polariton at the photonic crystal/metallic nanocomposite interface and the localized state similar to the defect mode with the field intensity maximum inside the dielectric nanocomposite layer is demonstrated. Specific features of field localization at the Tamm plasmon polariton and defect mode frequencies are analyzed.

Polydatin, a polyphenolic compound sourced from various natural origins, has garnered attention due to its potential anti-tumor properties and low toxicity. This research utilized Molecular Docking methods to investigate the molecular interactions between Polydatin and the Crystal Structure of Human UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase (UXS1), aiming to uncover the mechanisms contributing to its anti-tumor effects. The study revealed a substantial binding energy value of approximately -10 kcal/mol for the Polydatin-UXS1 interaction, indicating a robust and favorable binding. This suggests that Polydatin holds significant promise in cancer research, offering insights into its ability to interact with and potentially modulate the activity of UXS1. Moreover, the additional step of predicting toxicity properties using the pKCSM server provides valuable insights into the safety profiles of polydatin ( or piceid). From these results, the parameters for polydatin: —Max. tolerated dose (human),- Oral Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50), and - Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity (LOAEL)—suggest a favorable safety profile.These findings position Polydatin as a compelling candidate for further exploration in cancer research, highlighting both its efficacy and safety considerations.

This study focuses on predicting PM2.5 levels at the University of Petroșani by employing advanced machine learning techniques to analyze a dataset that encapsulates a wide array of air pollutants and meteorological factors. Utilizing data from IoT sensors and established environmental monitoring stations, the research leverages Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Machines, and Support Vector Regression models to forecast air quality, emphasizing the complex interplay between various pollutants. The models demonstrate varying degrees of accuracy, with the Random Forest model achieving the highest predictive power, indicated by an R2 score of 0.82764. Our findings highlight the significant impact of specific pollutants such as NO, NO2, and CO on PM2.5 levels, suggesting targeted mitigation strategies could enhance local air quality. Additionally, the study explores the role of temporal dynamics in pollution trends, employing time-series analysis to further refine the predictive accuracy. This research contributes to the field of environmental science by providing a nuanced understanding of air quality fluctuations in a university setting and offering a replicable model for similar environments seeking to reduce airborne pollutants and protect public health.

Despite the remarkable success of Carnot’s heat engine cycle in founding the discipline of thermodynamics two centuries ago, false viewpoints of his use of the caloric theory in the cycle still linger, limiting his legacy. An action revision of the Carnot cycle can correct this, showing that the heat flow powering external mechanical work is compensated internally with configurational changes in the thermodynamic or Gibbs potential of the working fluid, differing in each stage of the cycle quantified by Carnot as caloric. Action (@) is a property of state having the same physical dimensions as angular momentum (mrv=mr2ω). However, this property is scalar rather than vectorial, including a dimensionless phase angle (@=mr2ωδφ). We have recently confirmed with atmospheric gases that their entropy is a logarithmic function of the relative vibrational, rotational and translational action ratios with Planck’s quantum of action ħ. The Carnot principle shows that the maximum rate of work (puissance motrice) possible from the reversible cycle is controlled by the difference in temperature of the hot source and the cold sink, the colder the better. This temperature difference between the source and the sink also controls the isothermal variations of the Gibbs potential of the working fluid, that Carnot identified as reversible temperature-dependent but unequal exchanges in caloric. Importantly, the engine’s inertia ensures that heat from work performed adiabatically in the expansion phase is all restored to the working fluid during the adiabatic recompression, less the net work performed. This allows both the energy and the thermodynamic potential to return to the same values at the beginning of each cycle, a point strongly emphasized by Carnot. Our action revision equates Carnot’s calorique, or the non-sensible heat later described by Clausius as ‘work-heat’ exclusively to negative Gibbs energy (-G) or quantum field energy. This action field complements the sensible energy or vis-viva heat as molecular kinetic motion and its recognition should have significance for designing more efficient heat engines or better understanding of the heat engine powering the Earth’s climates.

Deregulation of cell growth and development lead to cancer, a severe condition that claims millions of lives worldwide. Targeted or selective approaches used during cancer treatment determine the efficacy and outcome of the therapy. In order to enhance specificity and targeting and better treatment options for cancer, novel and alternative modalities are currently under development. Photodynamic therapy has the potential to eradicate cancer and combination therapy would yield even greater outcomes. Nanomedicine-aided cancer therapy shows enhanced specificity for cancer cells and minimal side-effects coupled with effective cancer destruction both in vitro and in vivo. Nanocarriers used in drug-delivery systems are well able to penetrate cancer stem cell niche, simultaneously killing cancer cells and eradicate drug-resistant cancer stem cells, yielding therapeutic efficiency up to 100 fold against drug-resistant cancer in comparison with free drugs. Safety precautions should be considered when using Nano-mediated therapy as the effects of extended exposure to biological environments are still to be determined.

Chemical versatility of organic semiconductors provides nearly unlimited opportunities for tuning their electronic properties. However, despite decades of research, relationship between molecular structure, molecular packing and charge mobility in these materials remains poorly understood. This reduces the search for high-mobility organic semiconductors to the inefficient trial-and-error approach. For clarifying the abovementioned relationship, investigations of the effect of small changes in the chemical structure on OSs properties are particularly important. In this study, we address computationally the impact of substitution of C-H atom pairs by nitrogen atoms (N-substitution) on molecular properties, molecular packing and charge mobility of crystalline oligoacenes. Besides of decreasing frontier molecular orbital levels, N-substitution dramatically alters molecular electrostatic potential yielding pronounced electron-rich and electron-deficient areas. These changes in the molecular electrostatic potential strengthen face-to-face and edge-to-edge interactions in the corresponding crystals and result in the crossover from the herringbone packing motif to π-stacking. When the electron-rich and electron-deficient areas are large, sharply defined and, probably, have certain symmetry, charge mobility increases up to 3-4 cm2V-1s-1. The results obtained highlight the potential of azaacenes for application in organic electronic devices and are expected to facilitate rational design of organic semiconductors for steady improvement of organic electronics.

The antioxidant potential (capacity and activity) of aqueous fullerene dispersions (AFD) of non-functionalized C₆₀, C₇₀, and Gd@C₈₂ endofullerene (in micromolar concentration range) was estimated based on chemiluminescence measurements of the model of luminol and generation of organic radicals by 2,2’-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP). The antioxidant capacity was estimated by the TRAP method, from the concentration of half-suppression, and from the suppression area in the initial period. All three approaches agree and show that the antioxidant capacity of AFDs increased in the row Gd@C₈₂ < C₇₀ < C₆₀. Mathematical modeling of the long-term kinetics data was used for antioxidant activity estimation. The effect of C₆₀ and C₇₀ is found to be quenching of the excited product of luminol with ABAP-generated radical and not an actual antioxidant effect; quenching constants differ insignificantly. Apart from quenching with a similar constant, the AFD of Gd@C₈₂ exhibits actual antioxidant action. The antioxidant activity in Gd@C₈₂ is 300-fold higher than quenching constants.

The literature was scoped to help place mass spectrometric (MS) platforms in the spotlight of the life sciences, as a tool of OMICS and OMICS 2.0 technologies. Moreover, today’s appliances are so handy, that they literally place a whole lab on a single chip. Methods of OMICS (and the most recently developed term OMICS 2.0) are tackled, having in mind their aptness for educational purposes, as well as their feasibility. This same topic was highlighted in many reviews that have been periodically published. The author’s initial interest was the forensic application of MS, but since these interests changed, terms such as “biosensors” were also examined, so the review included means of discovery of efficient biomarkers and clinical therapeutic targets. Aside from simply reviewing the research status and the future perspectives, this article tackles terms such as Society 5.0 and OMICS 2.0. However, within the framework of this review, physical chemistry, bioinformatics, or specific software solutions were not specifically studied. Since the topic of generating permanent collections of digital content for retrospective analysis was also reviewed, the need for loads of data – cloud storage was discussed in the context of MS. These large quantities of data are easier to operate with if generated by MS, rather than by any other commercially available assay. In this manner, the review has strengthened an in-depth understanding of the applications of MS.

The growing need to use renewable sources and the current difficulty in spreading the electricity grid in a widespread manner raise the question of how to respond to the need for more electricity immediately. The idea behind this study is to power a horizontal axis wind turbine with the air flow generated for cooling a stationary internal combustion engine. The power extracted from this solution is significantly lower than that of the internal combustion engine (about 0.3%) and could be advantageous only in limited contexts. Installation costs are limited because many elements deriving from wind variability can be removed or simplified.

Sulfur, peroxide and combined sulfur and peroxide curing systems were applied for cross-linking of unfilled and carbon black filled rubber compounds based on ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer rubber. The results revealed that the type of curing system influenced the course and shape of curing isotherms. This resulted in the change of curing kinetics of rubber compounds. The cross-link density of vulcanizates cured with combined vulcanization systems was lower than that for vulcanizates cured only in the presence of sulfur or peroxide system. The results revealed good correlation between the cross-link density as well as the structure of the formed cross-links and physical-mechanical characteristics of the materials. It can be stated that by proper combination of vulcanization systems it is possible to modify tensile behavior of vulcanizates in targeted manner. On the other side, dynamical-mechanical properties were found not be significantly influenced by the composition of curing system.

Sustainability is a characteristic manifested in the ability to maintain the necessary level of performance for construction companies when risk factors arise during the implementation of investment and construction projects. The risk factors that arise during the implementation of in-vestment and construction projects differ in nature, degree of influence, and other characteristics. Ignoring these factors and measures to manage them often leads to critical consequences in the form of disruptions in the timing of work. Risk is a combination of the probability and consequences of the occurrence of adverse events. The article considers the concept of risk as a potential possibility of occurrence of adverse situations and related consequences when exposed to these factors. Risk factors are characterized by surprise, discreteness of changes, the presence of threshold values, upon reaching which a transition to a different mode of operation is required. The article discusses the risk factors arising at the construction stage, their classification. A methodology has been developed that includes conducting a survey in the form of a questionnaire in order to collect information about risk factors that affect the implementation of investment and construction projects. Experts with experience in the construction sector were involved in the survey. The processing of the survey results made it possible to assess the significance of various risk factors in investment and construction projects. Thus, statistical and expert methods were used in the study. The results showed that financial, technical, legal, economic, managerial and natural factors have the greatest impact on investment and construction projects. It is recommended to pay special attention to the listed factors when developing measures aimed at preventing risks and their consequences. The methodology described in the study can be used by construction companies in strategic planning. The analysis of the stability of construction companies, depending on their use of various ways to counteract risk factors, allowed us to develop a number of practical recommendations to reduce the impact of the studied factors on achieving the goals of investment and construction projects.

Using the fluorescent method in the modification of Krasnoyarsk State University, we study development (as chlorophyll content, ∑CHL) and photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton in seven large flat reservoir of the Volga River cascade (Russia) in August 2915–2017. In period of maximal warming of water, average ∑CHL varied in limits of 19.4–33.7 μg L–1 in the Upper Volga, 8.5–27.8 μg L–1 in the Middle Volga, and 5.2–11.3 μg L–1 in the Lower Volga. Photosynthetic activity coefficient (PhAC) varied mostly in limits of 0.12–0.59 with average of 0.22–0.38 and only in 2017 decreased to minimal <0.10 and average <0.20. The average PhAC values shows the normal physiological state of the phytoplankton of the Upper Volga during all periods of observation, occasional decrease of PhAC in the Middle Volga, and low photosynthetic activity in the Lower Volga. A decrease in the average ∑Chl and PhAC in 2017 was under cyclonic windy weather with a large amount of precipitation, low solar radiation, and large volume of flow. Trend towards a decrease in ∑CHL, like decrease in PhAC from the Upper Volga to the Lower Volga is explained by increasing in the flow rate and volume of runoff downstream the Volga River.

Clausius’ virial theorem set a basis for relating kinetic energy in a body of independent material particles to its potential energy, pointing to their complementary role with respect to the second law of maximum entropy. In action mechanics, expressing the entropy of ideal gases as a capacity factor for sensible heat or enthalpy plus the configurational work to sustain the relative translational, rotational and vibrational action yields algorithms for estimating chemical reaction rates and positions of equilibrium. All properties of state including entropy, work potential as Helmholtz and Gibbs energies and activated transition state reaction rates can be estimated, using easily accessible molecular properties, such as atomic weights, bond lengths, moments of inertia and vibrational frequencies. Understanding how Clausius’ virial theorem balances the internal kinetic energy with field potential energy justifies partitioning between thermal and statistical properties of entropy, yielding a more complete view of the evolutionary nature of the second law of thermodynamics. The ease of performing these operations is illustrated by three important chemical gas phase reactions, the reversible dissociation of the hydrogen molecules, lysis of water to hydrogen and oxygen and the reversible formation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen. Employing the ergal also introduced by Clausius to define the reversible internal work to overcome molecular interactions plus the configurational internal work of negative Gibbs energy as a function of volume or pressure may provide a practical guide for managing risk in industrial processes and climate change at the global scale.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most prevalent endocrinological diseases among children and young adults, with a growing incidence rate reaching up to 2.9 new cases per year per 100 000 persons below 15 years of age. We report the rare case of a 20-year-old female patient with T1D, hemoglobin D (HbD) heterozygote variant and high myopia of -10,00 spheric diopters and describe the retinal microvascular alterations visible on OCT angiography (angio-OCT). The patient also presented severe stature deficit (less than 3 standard deviations) and delayed puberty, which could not be explained only by suboptimal glycemic control, indicated a possible hypopituitarism. The HbA1c level evaluated with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was 6.5%, a falsely low value due to the HbD hemoglobinopathy. On ophthalmic evaluation the angio-OCT scan showed the following retinal microvascular alterations for the RE: the FAZ area vas 0.39 mm2, the FAZ perimeter was 2.88 mm and the circularity index was 0.58; for the LE: the FAZ area vas 0.34 mm2, the FAZ perimeter was 3.21 mm and the circularity index was 0.41. Clinicians should consider high performance retinal screening methods such angio-OCT evaluation for young T1D patients, especially for those with associated pathologies like high myopia and hemoglobinopathies. Moreover, multiple evaluation methods of the HbA1c values are mandatory as hemoglobinopathies can interfere with HbA1c assay methods accuracy.

Psoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory autoimmune pathology, with a major genetic component and several interferences of immunological cells and their cytokines. The complex orchestration of psoriasis pathogenesis is related to the synergic effect of immune cells, polygenic alterations, the presence of autoantigens and several external factors. The major act of IL-23/IL-17 axis, strongly influencing the inflammatory pattern established during the disease activity, is visible as a continuous perpetuation of the pro-inflammatory response and keratinocyte activation and proliferation leading to the development of psoriatic lesions. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) along offered a better view of psoriasis pathogenic pathways, with approximately one third of psoriasis genetic impact on psoriasis development is associated to MHC region, with genetic loci located on chromosome 6. The most eloquent genetic factor of psoriasis, PSORS1, was identified in the MHC I site. Between the several factors involved in its complex etiology, dysbiosis, due to genetic or external stimulus, exhibiting less variety and the involvement of pathogenic bacteria, cand induce a burst of proinflammatory consequences, both cutaneous and gut microbiome being involved in psoriasis pathogenic process. A complex understanding of the major pathways that interplay in order to initiate and perpetuate psoriatic diseases and its associated comorbidities can help the current clinical practice by properly evaluating completely and individualized each patient and establish the proper therapeutic management.

This study employs molecular docking simulations using Autodock Vina with the Pyrx program to investigate the binding interactions between Human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and natural compounds, namely Amentoflavone, Ginketin, Rutin, and Hypericin. The evaluation reveals excellent binding energy values, averaging around -10 kcal/mol, suggesting robust and favorable interactions between the selected compounds and PSA. The results provide valuable insights into the potential therapeutic applications of these natural compounds in the context of prostate cancer treatment or management. Further experimental validation is warranted to confirm these findings and explore the viability of these compounds as promising candidates for innovative therapeutic strategies. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge in the field of molecular docking and its applications in drug discovery and bioinformatics.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from progressive damage to specific brain regions. Key symptoms encompass involuntary movements (tremor), slowness of movements (bradykinesia), and muscle rigidity. Although the precise cause remains uncertain, a combination of genetic and environmental factors is believed to contribute to its development. This study focuses on the interaction of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin with natural compounds. Docking investigations revealed that Amentoflavone exhibited an excellent binding energy score of approximately -10 kcal/mol. The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin displayed a robust binding affinity with docked amentoflavone, evident from a high binding energy of -10 kcal/mol. Nonetheless, additional biological studies are crucial not only to validate its potential efficacy against Parkinson's and assess safety in terms of toxicity but also to perform further computational analyses confirming these preliminary assessments.

This study employs molecular docking techniques to investigate a spectrum of targets within Escherichia coli (E. coli), with a specific focus on four key proteins: Beta-lactamase, MccE protein, Penicillin G acylase, and DNA polymerase II. The research explores the binding interactions of various natural compounds, emphasizing Hypericin. Through computational analyses, the study aims to unveil the potential interactions between these compounds and essential proteins in E. coli. Notably, Hypericin demonstrates remarkable binding energy scores of approximately -10.5 kcal/mol within the Ligand Binding Site of the specified proteins. This observation suggests Hypericin's potential as a potent modulator of E. coli targets, prompting further investigation into its antimicrobial properties and therapeutic applications.

This theoretical study presents a novel perspective on the potential anti-inflammatory properties of Bromelain, a natural agent extracted from pineapple stems. The investigation explores the binding capabilities of Bromelain to Apoptosis-associated speck-like containing CARD (ASC), a crucial adapter molecule known for its involvement in inflammatory processes and inflammasome formation. For the first time, these findings suggest that Bromelain exhibits a notable affinity for ASC, indicating its promising role as a natural anti-inflammatory agent. This study sheds light on the molecular interactions that may contribute to Bromelain's therapeutic potential in modulating inflammatory responses.

This study centered on examining 60 different antibiotics by assessing their primary toxicity parameters through the pkCSM database. The parameters included Max. Tolerated Dose (Human) (log mg/kg/day), Oral Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50) (mol/kg), Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity (LOAEL) (log mg/kg_bw/day), and Minnow Toxicity (LC50) (log mM). The results highlight four potential antibiotics—cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and meropenem—that exhibited lower toxicity effects compared to other compounds. These findings imply a relatively favorable safety profile for these antibiotics concerning the specified toxicity parameters. However, it is crucial to interpret these outcomes within the context of the specific clinical application and to consider additional factors for a comprehensive safety assessment. It's essential to acknowledge that evaluating toxicity is intricate, and the determination of what is considered "less toxic" can rely on specific criteria and the context of use. Furthermore, individual responses to antibiotics may vary, and the selection of an antibiotic should be based on diverse factors, including the specific infection being treated, the patient's health, and potential side effects.

PIM1is involved in critical cellular processes, playing a key role in the regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis, transcriptional activation, and broader signal transduction pathways . The exploration of PIM1inhibitors, such as small molecules or antibodies, represents a promising avenue in cancer research for developing novel treatment strategiess. Its significance in oncogenic signaling has led to extensive research on PIM1 as a target in cancer studies. Docking studies have revealed a robust interaction between hypericin and PIM1, suggesting a strong binding affinity (-12.5 kcal/mol). This research aims to explore the molecular dynamics of the hypericin-PIM1 interaction, identifying potential binding sites and elucidating the impact on PIM1-mediated cellular processes, such as cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. The findings may contribute valuable insights into developing hypericin-based therapies targeting PIM1, paving the way for novel and effective strategies in cancer research.

Heat Shock Proteins play a crucial role in maintaining cellular integrity during thermal stress conditions, acting as chaperones and participating in the regulation of cellular responses. The focus was to contribute valuable insights into the potential role of hypericin in modulating these heat shock proteins and its implications for anti-tumoral properties. This study employs computational methods, specifically molecular docking, to investigate the potential biological interactions between the chaperone proteins HSP90 and HSC70 and Hypericin, a natural compound recognized for its anti-tumor properties. Despite the limited existing studies in this domain, this research aims to uncover structural insights into the binding mechanisms between Hypericin and these heat shock proteins. In the docking assessments, hypericin demonstrated notable binding energy results, exhibiting a binding energy of -10.5 kcal/mol with Heat Shock Cognate 71 kDa protein and -11.2 kcal/mol with Heat Shock Protein HSP90-alpha.

BACE1 is involved in the production of beta-amyloid peptides, and inhibiting its activity is a potential therapeutic strategy for managing Alzheimer's disease, as excessive beta-amyloid accumulation is a characteristic feature of the disease.Computational results suggest that hypericin has the potential to act as an inhibitor of BACE1. The Molecular Docking results indicate a high binding affinity between hypericin and BACE1, with a notable binding energy score of -10.3 kcal/mol. Additionally, the formation of various chemical bonds, including hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic bonds, further supports the idea that hypericin may effectively interact with the active site of BACE1. It's important to note that while the in silico Molecular Docking results are promising, further in vitro and in vivo studies would be necessary to validate and better understand the inhibitory potential of hypericin against BACE1. Additionally, the practical application of hypericin as a BACE1 inhibitor in a therapeutic context would require careful consideration of factors such as bioavailability, safety, and efficacy.

The assessment of Histone deacetylases in conjunction with Curcumin, conducted through the Mcule Database employing the Autodock Vina algorithm, involves an examination of molecular interactions. This analysis includes the calculation of binding energies, revealing the strength and stability of the interactions between Curcumin and various Histone deacetylase targets. The comparison encompasses diverse aspects such as binding energies, specific binding sites, interactions across different targets, structural details, and potential implications for biological activity. The results imply that Curcumin shows heightened affinity for Histone deacetylase 4 in comparison to other investigated histone deacetylases.

Understanding the genetic architecture of a disease is crucial for development of valid diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The analysis of genomic variations associated with pathological conditions is the starting point for uncovering disease-causing pathways (candidate processes). However, the complexity of intergenic and genetic-environmental interactions hinders the identification of pathogenic values of genomic changes. Furthermore, heredity, epigenetics and somatic mosaicism make the interpretation of genomic data even more sophisticated. To succeed, a variety of bioinformatic techniques are applied. Here, reviewing own and literature data, knowledge-based prioritization of genomic variations is described. Theoretical basis of the knowledge-based prioritization is given with a special regard to gene ontology, heuristics, hermeneutics (genomic hermeneutics) and analytics. Practical and methodological issues of prioritization using ontology- or pathway-based systems analysis are considered in the light of optimistic and realistic scenarios of cumulative phenotypic effects of the variome (the whole set of genomic variations in an individual or specific set of genomic variations for a phenotypic outcome). In the present communication, copy number variants (CNVs) in children with neurodevelopmental diseases are used as a practical foundation for the prioritization, inasmuch as these genome variations are systematically overlooked in the so-called NGS era. Nonetheless, it is highly likely that the prioritization is applicable to almost all types of genomic variations (e.g. chromosome abnormalities, gene mutations, functional synonymous variants etc.). The present methodology seems to be a valuable addition to current biomedical science widening the opportunities for medical genomics and genetics.

Information cascades (tree-like structures formed by posts, comments, likes, replies, etc.) constitute the spine of the public online information environment, reflecting its various trends, evolving with it and, importantly, affecting its development. While users participate in online discussions, they display their views and thus contribute to the growth of cascades. At the same time, users’ opinions are influenced by cascades’ elements. The current paper aims to advance our knowledge regarding this social phenomenon by developing an agent-based model in which agents participate in a discussion around a post on the Internet. Agents display their opinions by writing comments on the post and liking them (i.e., leaving positive assessments). The result of these processes is dual: on the one hand, agents develop an information cascade; on the other hand, they update their views. Our purpose is to understand how agents’ activity, openness to influence, and cognitive constraints (that condition the amount of information individuals are able to proceed with) affect opinion dynamics. We also control for social contagions (when people’ perception of a message may depend not only on the message’s opinion, but also on how other individuals perceive this object, with more positive evaluations increasing the probability of adoption) and ranking algorithms that steer the order in which agents learn new messages. Among other things, we demonstrated that replies to disagreeable opinions are extremely effective for promoting your own position. In contrast, likes have a tiny effect on this issue.

The question does P = NP has confounded mathematicians and computer scientists alike for over 50 years and although there is an almost unanimous agreement that it in fact does not, there still is no absolute proof. In this paper, I attempt to prove to that P does not equal NP.

This study aimed to obtain and characterize extracted hemp oil enriched in cannabidiol (CBD) by decarboxylation of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and to give new insights into its antioxidant and anticancer effects. Optimization of CBDA decarboxylation in hemp oil was performed, and CBD and CBDA contents and purities were determined by “flash chromatography”, 1H- and 13C-NMR. The antioxidant properties of CBD-enriched oil were investigated by Fe2+ chelating activity, Fe3+ reducing antioxidant power assay, O2− scavenging activity, HO− scavenging ability and lipid peroxidation inhibitory assay and its cytotoxicity, apoptosis- and oxidative stress-inducing effects on NHDF, MeWo, HeLa, HepG2 and HOS cells were determined. The CBD concentration in hemp oil was increased by CBDA soft decarboxylation optimized at 90°C, for 1 h and resulted oil was capable of reducing iron, scavenging free radicals, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation in cell-free oxidative conditions. CBD-enriched oil promoted NHDF proliferation at up to 15 µg CBD/mL, while inducing apoptosis and ROS production and modulating antioxidant enzymes’ gene expression in cancer cells, being selective for osteosarcoma cells and induced apoptosis by p53- and ROS-independent mechanisms. CBD-enriched hemp oil demonstrated antioxidant properties in oxidative conditions and promoted normal fibroblasts’ proliferation, while inducing apoptosis and ROS production in cancer cells.

The opinion dynamics literature argues that the way people perceive social influence depends not only on the opinions of interacting individuals, but also on the individuals’ non-opinion characteristics, such as age, education, gender, or place of residence. The current paper advances this line of research by studying longitudinal data that describe the opinion dynamics of a large sample (~30,000) of online social network users, all citizens of one city. Using these data, we systematically investigate the effects of users’ demographic (age, gender) and structural (degree centrality, the number of common friends) properties on opinion formation processes. We revealed that females are less easily influenced than males. Next, we found that individuals that are characterized by similar ages have more chances to reach a consensus. Besides, we report that individuals who have many common peers find an agreement more often. We also demonstrated that the impacts of these effects are virtually the same, and despite being statistically significant, are far less strong than that of opinion-related features: knowing the current opinion of an individual and, what is even more important, the distance in opinions between this individual and the person that attempts to influence the individual is much more valuable. Next, after conducting a series of simulations with an agent-based model, we revealed that accounting for non-opinion characteristics may lead to not very sound but statistically significant changes in the macroscopic predictions of the populations of opinion camps, primarily among the agents with radical opinions (≈ 3% of all votes). In turn, predictions for the populations of neutral individuals are virtually the same. Besides, we demonstrated that the accumulative effect of non-opinion features on opinion dynamics is seriously moderated by whether the underlying social network correlates with the agents’ characteristics. After applying the procedure of random shuffling (in which the agents and their characteristics were randomly scattered over the network), the macroscopic predictions have changed by ≈ 9% of all votes. What is interesting, the population of neutral agents was again not affected by this intervention.