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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0525.v1

Exploring New Scaffolds for the Dual Inhibition of HIV-1 Rt Polymerase and Ribonuclease Associated Functions

Rita Meleddu, Angela Corona, Simona Distinto, Filippo Cottiglia, Serenella Deplano, Lisa Sequeira, Daniela Secci, Alessia Onali, Erica Sanna, Francesca Esposito, Italo Cirone, Francesco Ortuso, Stefano Alcaro, Enzo Tramontano, Peter Matyus, Elias Maccioni

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: HIV-RT; ribonuclease H; dual inhibitors; docking; putative binding

Online: 23 February 2021 (15:51:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0011.v1

Simulation Analysis of Solution Transportation Absorption Chiller with the Capacity from 25 RT to 1000 RT

Koji Enoki, Fumi Watanabe, Seigo Tanaka, Atsushi Akiwawa, Toshitaka Takei

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: absorption chiller; thermal energy transportation; solution transportation; ammonia-water; COP; simulation

Online: 4 February 2017 (07:49:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0099.v1

The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance

Joshua Yi Yeo, Ghin Ray Goh, Chinh Tran-To Su, Samuel Ken-En Gan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: retroviruses; HIV-1; reverse transcriptase; mutation rate; drug resistance, allostery

Online: 7 February 2020 (11:50:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1127.v1

Machine Learning Application to Brain Diseases Detection

Aleksandar Simović, Maja Lutovac-Banduka, Kristina Davidović, Snežana Lekić

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: machine learning; application; classification; brain diseases; detection

Online: 17 November 2023 (15:32:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0775.v1

Kinetic Studies on the Interaction of HIV-1 Gag Protein with the HIV-1 RNA Packaging Signal

Constance Rink, Tomas Kroupa, Siddhartha A.K. Datta, Alan Rein

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV-1; packaging signal; Psi; protein-RNA interactions; binding kinetics

Online: 12 August 2024 (10:45:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0446.v1

Symbolic Analysis of Classical Neural Networks for Deep Learning

Maja Lutovac-Banduka, Igor Franc, Vladimir Milićević, Nemanja Zdravković, Nikola Dimitrijević

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: machine learning; visual programming language; closed-form expression; theoretical justification; feature extraction; complexity; optimization and validation

Online: 7 November 2023 (11:25:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0512.v1

Evidence On Viral Suppression Supports Scaling-Up Transition To Dolutegravir-Based Regimens In Pediatric Populations In Cameroon: A Multicentre Baseline Assessment For The Cipher-Adola Study

Joseph FOKAM, Yagai Bouba, Rogers Awoh Ajeh, Dominik Tameza Guebiapsi, Suzane Essamba, Albert Franck Zeh Meka, Ebiama Lifanda, Rose Armelle Ada, Yakouba Liman, Nancy Barbara Mbengono, Audrey Raissa Dzaddi Djomo, Suzie Ndiang Tetang, Samuel Martin Sosso, Jocelyne Carmen Babodo, Olivia Francette Ndomo Ambomo, Edith Michele Temgoua, Caroline Medouane, Sabine Ndejo Atsinkou, Justin Leonel Mvogo, Roger Martin Onana, Jean de Dieu Anoubissi, Alice Ketchaji, Alex Durand Nka, Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi, Aude Christelle Ka’e, Nadine Nguendjoung Fainguem, Rachel Simo Kamgaing, Désiré Augustin Komego Takou, Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket, Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Marie Atsama Amougou, Julius Nwobegahay, Comfort Vuchas, Anna Nya Nsimen, Bertrand Bille Eyoum, Sandra kenmegne Gatchuessi, Francis Ndongo Ateba, Daniel Kesseng, Serge Clotaire Billong, Daniele Armenia, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Paul Ndombo Koki, Hadja Cherif Hamsatou, Vittorio Colizzi, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo Federico Perno, Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Virological suppression; low level viremia; children, adolescents, and young-adults; DTG-based regimen; elimination of paediatric AIDS; Cameroon.

Online: 5 July 2024 (12:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1089.v1

White Paper Textile Fibre Recycling Technologies

Birgit Stubbe, Stijn Van Vrekhem, Sofie Huysman, Rémi G. Tilkin, Isabel De Schrijver, Myriam Vanneste

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Paper, Wood And Textiles Keywords: textile recycling; fibre-to-fibre recycling; textile sorting; textile disassembly; digital textile platforms

Online: 17 November 2023 (08:49:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1468.v1

Diagnostic Efficiency of CTV and HSVd for Early and Mixed Infections Using Bioamplification in Citrus Arizona 861-S1 and RT‒PCR Compared to Direct RT‒PCR

Claudio A. Henriquez, Natalia Riquelme, Alejandra Larach, Ximena Besoain

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Virus-viroid detection; Mixed infections; Comparison of diagnostic methods; CTV; HSVd; Bioamplification

Online: 19 January 2024 (07:52:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0763.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in HIV-Positive Patients

Simona Ruta, Corneliu Petru Popescu, Lilia Matei, Camelia Grancea, Adrian Marius Paun, Cristiana Oprea, Camelia Sultana

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; vaccination; cellular, humoral immune response; immunosuppression

Online: 13 May 2024 (11:11:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0370.v1

Cardiovascular Aging in HIV Infection: Analysis of Involved Genes

Fabiola Boccuto, Salvatore De Rosa, Pierangelo Veltri, Daniele Torella, Pietro Hiram Guzzi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: HIV; aging; cardiovascular desease

Online: 6 June 2024 (11:34:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0725.v1

HIV, HCV and HIV-HCV Coinfections in General Population versus Inmates from Romania

Camelia Sultana, Carmine Falanga, Grațiana Chicin, Laurențiu-Cristian Ion, Camelia Grancea, Daniela Chiriac, Adriana Iliescu, Andrea Gori

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: HIV; HCV; HIV-HCV coinfection; micro-elimination; inmates; IDUs; STDs; strong association

Online: 10 July 2024 (08:03:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0445.v1

HIV Protein Nef Induces Cardiomyopathy through Induction of Bcl2 and p21

Olena Kondrachuck, Pierce Ciccone, Nicole Ford, Kim Hong, Yuka Kimura, Jorgo Zi, Sumaya Yusuf, Aya Alkousa, Nishit Tailor, Rithvik Rajakumar, Jay Rappaport, Manish Gupta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: HIV; Nef; autophagy; cardiomyopathy; Bcl2; Beclin-1; fibrosis; P21

Online: 5 September 2024 (11:00:30 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1084.v2

Gallbladder Burkitt’s Lymphoma: A Literature Review Including a Case Report in a Child Living with HIV

Nathalia Lopez Duarte, Ana Paula Silva Bueno, Bárbara Sarni Sanches, Gabriella Alves Ramos, Layanara Albino Batista, Thalita Fernandes de Abreu, Marcelo Gerardin Poirot Land, Cristiane Bedran Milito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Burkitt’ s lymphoma; gallbladder; malignant lymphoma; gallbladder cancer; HIV; pediatric; case report; Brazil

Online: 10 September 2024 (10:43:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0246.v1

Regional Health Divides: Understanding Inequities in Late Diagnosis of HIV in Tajikistan

Kamiar Alaei, Brian Kwan, Hamid R. Torabzadeh, Adebimpe O. Akinwalere, Sattorov S. Saydamirovich, Gafur Mohsinzoda, Arash Alaei

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HIV detection; HIV testing; Tajikistan; Central Asia; regional disparities; rural areas; gender disparities; age; COVID-19; case study

Online: 5 March 2024 (10:51:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0604.v2

RT-qPCR Diagnostics: The “Drosten” Sars-Cov-2 Assay Paradigm

Stephen Bustin, Sara Kirvell, Jim F Huggett, Tania Nolan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: COVID-19; reverse transcription; qPCR; SARS-CoV-2; molecular diagnosis

Online: 3 August 2021 (15:34:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1747.v1

Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Drug-resistant Tuberculosis and HIV Co-infection Using a Supervised Machine Learning Algorithm

Mojisola Clara Hosu, Lindiwe Modest Faye, and Teke Apalata

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: DR-TB; DR-TB/HIV coinfection; treatment outcomes; machine learning; supervised learning algorithm

Online: 23 September 2024 (13:13:06 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1446.v1

Flagellin Inhibits HIV Infection of Macrophages through Modulation of Viral Entry Receptors and CC Chemokines

Lina Zhou, Xu Wang, Shazheb Khan, Wen-Zhe Ho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: flagellin, TLR-5, macrophage, HIV, and CC chemokine

Online: 22 May 2024 (12:57:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2136.v1

Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR Assays for Detection and Differentiation of Porcine Enteric Coronaviruses

Christina M. Lazov, Alice Papetti, Graham J. Belsham, Anette Bøtner, Thomas Bruun Rasmussen, Maria Beatrice Boniotti

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Virus diagnosis; RNA; recombinant virus; alphacoronavirus; deltacoronavirus; porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV); transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV); swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV); porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV)

Online: 29 June 2023 (13:22:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0513.v1

HIV and Patient Monitoring in Malawi

Brian Williams

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: Malawi, HIV, tuberculosis, anti-retroviral therapy, surveillance, patient monitoring, epidemic trends, drug supply, unique patient identifiers, data analysis

Online: 27 September 2018 (15:29:43 CEST)

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Malawi has developed an excellent, nation-wide system for monitoring people infected with HIV and keeping track of key epidemic markers. Their success lies in two things: the focus on simplicity and the use of data collection not only to track the epidemic and identify problems but also to give regular feedback and support to every clinic in the country. This achievement is the more remarkable given that Malawi is one of the poorest countries in the world, ranking 190 out of 194 countries by GDP, but has one of the most severe epidemics of HIV in the world, ranking 9th out of 168 countries by HIV prevalence. We first discuss the current state and likely future epidemic trends in Malawi: unless we know where we are and where we are going we cannot decide what to do or how to do it to in order to achieve a better outcome. We then discuss the history and development of Malawi’s patient monitoring system, as reported in their Integrated HIV Program Reports,ix which have been published quarterly since the beginning of 2004. We consider the current state of patient monitoring and support as reflected in the most recent report for the third quarter (Q3) of 2016 and comment on some of the questions that this raises. Finally, we consider ways in which the current system could be improved by strengthening Malawi’s analytical capacity and making better use of this unique data set. The focus here is on HIV in adultsv because if ART is initiated early in all adults living with HIV this should include testing all pregnant women for HIV and starting them on treatment immediately. However, PMTCT is especially important and care must be given to reducing MTCT and identifying the long-term child survivors of mother-to-child transmission and this demands a complementary assessment. There is an ongoing debate about the relative merits of treatment and prevention in reducing transmission and it should be made clear that the primary reason for starting people on treatment early is that it is in the best interest of the individual patient to start treatment as soon as possible after becoming infected. Allowing a person’s immune system to deteriorate to any degree is not consistent with the clinician’s commitment to ‘first do no harm’ and even those with the highest CD4⁺ cell count are at a substantially increased risk of death. What matters, therefore, is to get as many people as possible onto ART, ensure that they remain virally suppressed, and consider prevention in this context.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1185.v1

Follicular Immune Landscaping Reveals a Distinct Profile of FOXP3hi CD4+ T Cells in Treated Compared to Untreated HIV

Spiros Georgakis, Michail Orfanakis, Cloe Brenna, Simon Burgermeister, Perla Mariana Del Rio Estrada, Mauricio Gonzalez Navarro, Fernanda Torres-Ruiz, Gustavo Reyes Terán, Santiago Avila Rios, Yara Andrea Luna-Villalobos, Oliver Y. Chen, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Richard A. Koup, Constantinos Petrovas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: HIV; germinal center; imaging; CD4 T cells

Online: 16 July 2024 (03:17:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0062.v1

Microbiome and Probiotics inHealth and HIV Infection

Chiara D'Angelo, Marcella Reale, Erica Costantini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: microbiome; probiotics, dietary supplements; nutrition; HIV infection, inflammation

Online: 8 May 2017 (12:10:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0216.v1

Development of a Field-deployable RT-qPCR Workflow for COVID-19 Detection

Raphael Nyaruaba, Bo Zhang, Caroline Muema, Elishiba Muturi, Greater Oyejobi, Jin Xiong, Bei Li, Zhengli Shi, Caroline Mwaliko, Junping Yu, Xiaohong Li, Hongping Wei

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; field work; community; diagnosis; rapid detection; inactivation; RT-qPCR

Online: 14 April 2020 (08:41:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0991.v1

Potential Performance of Two New RT-PCR and RT-q PCR Methods for Multiplex Detection of Dengue Virus Serotypes 1-4 and Chikungunya Virus in Mosquitoes Allowing Efficient Entomological Surveillance of Both Vector-Borne Diseases

Michel Kiréopori Gomgnimbou, Louis robert wendyam BELEM, Etienne Bilgo, Miriam Félicité Amara, Zouera Laouali, Ali Ouari, Toussaint Bayala, Kobo Gnada, Raymond Kharlis Yao, Moussa Namountougou, Ibrahim Sangaré

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: multiplex rt-pcr; multiplex rt-qpcr; molecular detection; dengue virus; chikungunya virus; mosquitoes; Burkina Faso

Online: 12 July 2024 (08:43:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1770.v1

Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in People Living with HIV: TUBHIVIT Project, a Multicentre Italian Study

Luca Pipitò, Elena Delfina Ricci, Paolo Maggi, Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio, Giovanni Francesco Pellicano, Marcello Trizzino, Raffaella Rubino, Alessandra Lanzi, Lorenzo Crupi, Ilaria Capriglione, Nicola Squillace, Giuseppe Nunnari, Antonio Di Biagio, Paolo Bonfanti, Antonio Cascio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Tuberculosis; HIV; latent tuberculosis; TB; LTBI

Online: 26 April 2024 (20:02:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1615.v2

Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Among HIV-1 Patients From Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Pedro Almeida, Carlos Rafael, Victor Pimentel, Ana Abecasis, Cruz Sebastião, Joana Morais

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HIV-1; Antiretroviral therapy; Treatment adherence; sub-Saharan Africa.

Online: 29 April 2024 (03:59:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1491.v1

Efficacy of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors and the Capsid Inhibitor Lenacapavir against HIV-2

Irene Wanjiru Kiarie, Gyula Hoffka, Manon Laporte, Pieter Leyssen, Johan Neyts, József Tőzsér, Mohamed Mahdi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV-2; integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTIs); HIV; integrase; Lenacapavir; SARs-CoV-2 ;

Online: 23 April 2024 (05:06:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1328.v1

Proteomics-Based RT-qPCR and Functional Analysis of 18 Genes in Metronidazole Resistance of Bacteroides fragilis

Bakhtiyar Mahmood, Anna Paunkov, Malgorzata Kupc, Katalin Burián, Erzsébet Nagy, David Leitsch, József Sóki

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Bacteroides, metronidazole, nim, resistance mechanism, RT-qPCR

Online: 17 January 2024 (13:06:47 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0481.v1

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Warish Ahmed, Stuart Simpson, Paul Bertsch, Kyle Bibby, Aaron Bivins, Linda Blackall, Silvia Bofill-Mas, Albert Bosch, Joao Brandao, Phil Choi, Mark Ciesielski, Erica Donner, Nishita D'Souza, Andreas Farnleitner, Daniel Gerrity, Raul Gonzalez, John Griffith, Pradip Gyawali, Charles Haas, Kerry Hamilton, Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Valerie Harwood, Rehnuma Haque, Greg Jackson, Stuart Khan, Wesaal Khan, Masaaki Kitajima, Asja Korajkic, Giuseppina La Rosa, Blythe Layton, Erin Lipp, Sandra McLellan, Brian McMinn, Gertjan Medema, Suzanne Metcalfe, Wim Meijer, Jochen Mueller, Heather Murphy, Colleen Naughton, Rachel Noble, Sudhi Payyappat, Susan Petterson, Tarja Pitkanen, Veronica Rajal, Brandon Reyneke, Fernando Roman, Joan Rose, Marta Rusinol, Michael Sadowsky, Laura Sala-Comorera, Yin Xiang Setoh, Samendra Sherchan, Kwanrawee Sirikanchana, Wendy Smith, Joshua Steele, Rosalie Sabburg, Erin Symonds, Phong Thai, Kevin Thomas, Josh Tynan, Simon Toze, Janelle Thompson, Andy Whiteley, Judith Wong, Daisuke Sano, Stefan Wuertz, Irene Xagoraraki, Qian Zhang, Amity Zimmer-Faust, Orin Shanks

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Surveillance; False-positive; False-negative; RT-PCR

Online: 19 April 2021 (13:08:13 CEST)

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Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1039.v1

Polydatin against HIV Proteases

IVAN VITO FERRARI, ivan vito Ferrari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Polydatin; HIV; Docking method; Swiss Dock Server

Online: 16 November 2023 (11:21:25 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0531.v1

Prediction of the Potential Role of Polydatin against HIV-1 Protease and HIV-2 Protease by SWISSDock Server

IVAN VITO FERRARI

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Polydatin; HIV; Docking method; Swiss Dock Server

Online: 8 November 2023 (09:58:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0212.v1

One-tube RT-PCR for the Simultaneous Detection and Typing Duck Hepatitis A Virus Subtypes 1 and 3

Xueming Chen, Yuhuan Chen, Chunguo Liu, Xiaojun Li, Hongyu Liu, Xiaofei Bai, Ming Liu, Yun Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: DHAV-1; DHAV-3; Phylogenetic analysis; One-tube RT-PCR; Simultaneously

Online: 22 January 2019 (11:08:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1153.v1

Needs-Assessment for an Artificial Intelligence-based Chatbot for Pharmacists in HIV Care: Results from a Knowledge-Attitudes-Practices Survey

Moustafa Laymouna, Yuanchao Ma, David Lessard, Kim Engler, Rachel Therrien, Tibor Schuster, Serge Vicente, Sofiane Achiche, Maria Nait El Haj, Benoit Lemire, Abdalwahab Kawaiah, Bertrand Lebouché

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: pharmacists; HIV; chatbot; artificial intelligence; needs assessment; surveys and questionnaires; health information technology; healthcare provider; health knowledge-attitudes-practices; patient care

Online: 16 August 2024 (03:27:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0075.v1

From Pathophysiology to Drug Interactions and Clinical Management of Dyslipidemia in People Living with HIV: Sailing through Rough Seas

Eleni Papantoniou, Konstantinos Arvanitakis, Konstantinos Markakis, Stavros P. Papadakos, Olga Tsachouridou, Djordje S. Popovic, Theocharis Koufakis, Georgios Germanidis, Kalliopi Kotsa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: HIV; dyslipidemia; metabolic syndrome; antiretroviral therapy; switching strategy

Online: 4 March 2024 (10:40:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0132.v1

MRP8/14 is a Molecular Signature Triggered by Dopamine in HIV Latent Myeloid Targets that Increases HIV Transcription and Distinguishes HIV+ Methamphetamine Users with Detectable CSF Viral Load and Brain Pathology

Liana V. Basova, Alexander Lindsey, AnneMarie McGovern, Ashley Rosander, Violaine Delorme-Walker, Wael M. ElShamy, Ved Vasishtha Pendyala, Peter Jesse Gaskill, Ronald J. Ellis, Mariana Cherner, Jennifer Iudicello, Maria Cecilia Garibaldi Marcondes

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: HIV; dopamine; latency reversal; methamphetamine; macrophages; substance use

Online: 3 May 2023 (10:36:07 CEST)

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There is a significant overlap between HIV infection and substance use disorders. Dopamine (DA) is the most abundantly upregulated neurotransmitter in Methamphetamine abuse, with receptors (DRD1-5) that are expressed by neurons as well as by a large diversity of cell types, including innate immune cells that are targets of HIV infection, making them responsive to the hyperdopaminergic environment that is characteristic of stimulant drugs. Therefore, the presence of high levels of dopamine may affect the pathogenesis of HIV, particularly in the brain. The stimulation of HIV-latently infected U1 promonocytes with DA significantly increased viral p24 levels in the supernatant at 24 hrs, suggesting effects on activation and replication. Using selective agonists to different DRDs, we found that DRD1 played a major role in activating viral transcription, followed by DRD4, which increased p24 with a slower kinetic. Transcriptome and systems biology analyses led to the identification of a cluster of genes responsive to DA, where S100A8 and S100A9 were most significantly correlated with the early increase of p24 levels following DA stimulation. Conversely, DA increased the expression of these genes’ transcripts at the protein level, respectively MRP8 and MRP14, which form a complex also known as Calprotectin. Interestingly, MRP8/14 was able to stimulate HIV transcription in latent U1 cells, and this occurred via binding to the receptor for advanced glycosylation end-product (RAGE). Using selective agonists, both DRD1 and DRD4 increased MRP8/14 on the surface and in the cytoplasm, as well as secreted in the supernatants. On the other hand, while DRD1/5 did not affect the expression of RAGE, DRD4 stimulation caused its downregulation, offering a mechanistic for the delayed effect via DRD4 on p24 increase. To cross-validate MRP8/14 as a DA signature with biomarker value, we tested its expression in HIV+ Meth users’ brains and peripheral cells. MRP8/14+ cells were more frequently identified in mesolimbic areas such as basal ganglia of HIV+ Meth+ cases compared to HIV+ non-Meth users or to controls. Likewise, MRP8/14+ CD11b+ monocytes were more frequent in HIV+ Meth users, particularly in participants with detectable viral load in the CSF. Overall, our results suggest that the MRP8 and MRP14 complex may serve as a signature to distinguish subjects using addictive substances in the context of HIV, and that this may play a role in aggravating HIV pathology by promoting viral replication in people with HIV who use Meth.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0125.v1

Up-regulation of Lamin A/C Expression in Epstein-Barr Virus Immortalized B Cells and Burkitt Lymphoma Cell Lines of Activated B Cell Phenotype

Ferenc Bánáti, Anita Koroknai, Kálmán Szenthe, Tamás Tereh, Nóra Kovács, Anita Hidasi, Barbara Bánkuti, Krisztina Buzás, Frederic Lemnitzer, Zsolt Ruzsics, Susan Szathmary, Hans Wolf, Dániel Salamon, János Minárovits, Hans-Helmut Niller

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Lamin, EBV latency, transformation, epigenetic regulation, activated B cell

Online: 24 November 2016 (17:53:07 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0061.v3

Key Points in HIV Infection

Antonella Chesca, Tim Sandle

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: HIV; illnes; prevention; diagnosis; monitoring

Online: 4 July 2024 (05:58:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0210.v1

HIV-1 Envelope Glycosylation and the Signal Peptide

Gregory S. Lambert, Chitra Upadhyay

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV-1; HIV envelope; glycosylation; signal peptide; PNGs; broadly neutralizing antibodies; vaccine

Online: 8 February 2021 (13:09:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0032.v2

HIV and Human Coronavirus Coinfections: A Historical Perspective

Palesa Makoti, Burtram C. Fielding

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Coronaviruses; HIV; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; MERS-CoV; immunosuppression; immune response; coinfection

Online: 4 August 2020 (07:36:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1357.v1

A Review on FDA Approved Anti-HIV-1 Drugs, Anti-Gag Compounds and Potential Strategies for HIV-1 Eradication

Belgin Sever, Masami Otsuka, Mikako Fujita, Halilibrahim Ciftci

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: HIV-1; AIDS; FDA; Combination antiretroviral therapy; latent reservoirs; apoptosis; drug resistance; anti-HIV-1 drug design and discovery

Online: 18 January 2024 (10:29:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0998.v1

Histoplasmosis at a Reference Center for Infectious Diseases in Southeast Brazil: Comparison between HIV Positive and HIV Negative Individuals

Ariane Gomes Paixão, Marcos Abreu Almeida, Roberta Espírito Santo Correia, Beatriz Brittes Kamiensky, Rosely Maria Zancopé-Oliveira, Marcia dos Santos Lazera, Bodo Wanke, Cristiane da Cruz Lamas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Histoplasmosis; Brazil; Epidemiology; HIV positive; AIDS; Immunosuppression; Culture; Serology; Mortality

Online: 26 April 2023 (14:58:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0607.v1

Metformin Treatment Leads to Increased HIV Transcription and Gene Expression Though Increased CREB Phosphorylation and Recruitment to the HIV LTR Promoter

Sahar Rezaei, Khalid A Timani, Johnny J He

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Metformin; HIV transcription and replication; transactivation; gene expression; CREB phosphorylation; HIV LTR promoter

Online: 20 April 2023 (05:24:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1748.v1

Community-Based HIV Awareness & Prevention

Samina Khan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: HIV/AIDS; community-based; awareness; prevention; stigma; empowerment; health promotion

Online: 24 January 2024 (10:41:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0318.v1

Reversal of CSF HIV-1 Escape During Treatment of HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis in Botswana

Nametso Kelentse, Sikhulile Moyo, Kesaobaka Molebatsi, Olorato Morerinyane, Shatho Bitsang, Ontlametse T. Bareng, Kwana Lechiile, Tshepo B. Leeme, David S. Lawrence, Ishmael Kasvosve, Rosemary Musonda, Mosepele Mosepele, Thomas S. Harrison, Joseph N. Jarvis, Simani Gaseitsiwe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: HIV; cryptococcal meningitis; HIV-1 viral load; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral escape; Botswana

Online: 24 May 2022 (04:20:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2238.v3

Challenges and Advances in Cervical Cancer Prevention for HIV-Positive Individuals

Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Darren Gopaul, Odalis Asin-Milan, Rodolfo Arrozarena-Fundora, Reinand Thompson, Sachin Soodeen, Patrick Eberechi Akpaka, Chandrashekhar Unakal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV; HPV; Prevalence; Vaccination strategy; HPV screening; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:30:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0559.v1

Optimization of RT-QuIC Assay Duration for Screening Chronic Wasting Disease in White-Tailed Deer

Gokhan Yilmaz, Tamara Morrill, Cian Ward, Gordon Mitchell, Andrei Soutyrine, Hanhong Dan, Min Lin, Jiewen Guan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: RT-QuIC; Chronic Wasting Disease; Diagnostics; Optimization

Online: 7 September 2023 (15:45:02 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0038.v1

Broadly Neutralizing Anti- HIV-1 Antibodies Do Not Inhibit HIV-1 Env-Mediated Cell-Cell Fusion

Nejat Düzgüneş, Michael Yee, Deborah Chau

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Membrane fusion; gp120; gp41; bnAb; CD4; virus-cell fusion; syncytium formation

Online: 2 September 2021 (12:13:53 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0269.v1

A Case of HIV and Clinical Confirmed COVID-19

Cansu Ozgen, Ulku Arslan, Simay Serin, Hulya Sungurtekin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: HIV; COVID-19

Online: 21 June 2020 (11:59:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0506.v1

Chronic Morphine Treatment and Antiretroviral Therapy Exacerbate HIV-Distal Sensory Peripheral Neuropathy and Induce Distinct Microbial Alterations in the HIV Tg26 Mouse Model.

Irina Chupikova, Danielle Antoine, Richa Jalodia, Praveen Kumar Singh, Sabita Roy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: HIV-associated pain; neuropathy; opioid use; antiretroviral therapy; gut dysbiosis; Tg26 mouse model

Online: 7 December 2023 (11:24:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1094.v1

Development and Evaluation of an In-House Real-Time Rt-Pcr Targeting nsp10 Gene for SARS-CoV-2 Detection

Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Jane Hau-Ching Poon, Kit-Hang Leung, Wan-Mui Chan, Jonathan Daniel Ip, Allen Wing-Ho Chu, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Kelvin Kai-Wang To

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; nsp10; real-time RT-PCR; diagnostic

Online: 20 February 2024 (06:07:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0600.v1

Real-Time Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Oklahoma Wastewater through Allele-Specific RT-qPCR

Kristen Shelton, Gargi N Deshpande, Gilson J Sanchez, Jason Vogel, A Caitlin Miller, Gabriel Florea, Erin R Jeffries, Kara B. De Leon, Bradley Stevenson, Katrin Gaardbo Kuhn

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: wastewater surveillance; SARS-CoV-2; variant; RT-qPCR; sequencing; early warning; demography; Oklahoma

Online: 9 September 2024 (08:42:34 CEST)

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Working Paper BRIEF REPORT

Positive Rate Is Useful to Evaluate the Sufficiency of RT-PCR Test Availability for COVID-19

Sadao Suzuki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; RT-PCR test; pre-test probability; positive rate

Online: 5 May 2020 (06:04:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0537.v1

Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in HIVPositive and HIV-Negative Patients with Lymphoma: A Propensity Score Matched Comparative Analysis

Alessandro Re, Margherita Oberti, Armando Stabile, Angelo Andreini, Chiara Cattaneo, Chiara Pagani, Salvatore Casari, Maria Antonia Forleo, Cristina Tecchio, Camillo Almici, Alessandra Tucci, Francesco Castelli, Giuseppe Rossi, Mauro Krampera

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: ; HIV; Lymphoma; Autologous stem cell transplantation

Online: 8 August 2024 (12:14:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0032.v1

Discovery of Benzisothiazolone Derivatives as Bifunctional Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase DNA Polymerase and Ribonuclease H Activities

Alondra Vázquez Rivera, Heather Donald, Mounia Alaoui-El-Azher, John J. Skoko, John S. Lazo, Michael A. Parniak, Paul A. Johnston, Nicolas Sluis-Cremer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV-1; reverse transcriptase; polymerase; ribonuclease H; inhibitor; benzisothiazolone

Online: 3 June 2024 (07:56:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0348.v1

Accuracy of Anti-SARS-CoV2 Antibody in Comparison with Surrogate Viral Neutralization Test in Person Living with HIV, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Chronic Kidney Disease

Marita Restie Tiara, Chrisan Bimo Prayuda, Tara Titian Maulidya, Hofiya Djauhari, Dadang Suhendar, Rudi Wisaksana, Laniyati Hamijoyo, Rudi Supriyadi, Agnes Rengga Indrati, Bachti Alisjahbana

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; vaccination; antibody; immunoassay; neutralization antibody

Online: 4 April 2024 (05:53:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1091.v1

Microbicides for Topical HIV Immunoprophylaxis: Current Status and Future Prospects

Yury V. Zhernov, Vladislava O. Petrova, Mark Y. Simanduyev, Sonya O. Vysochanskaya, Ezzulddin Al-khaleefa, Kamilla R. Pashayeva, Narmina Yu. Feyziyeva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: HIV; AIDS; mucosal immunity; microbicides; pre-exposure prophylaxis

Online: 16 May 2024 (08:33:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1035.v1

Universal mRNA-based HIV Vaccine for Acute and Latent Infections

Sarfaraz K. Niazi, Matthias Magoola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: HIV-1 1; HIV-2 2; surface proteins 3; Nef proteins 4; mRNA delivery 5; Universal vaccine.

Online: 18 March 2024 (11:24:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1053.v1

Comprehensive Knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Angola and Related Factors

Neida Neto Vicente Ramos, Inês Santos Estevinho Fronteira, Maria do Rosário O. Martins

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Angola; HIV; comprehensive knowledge; Health literacy; Sexuality

Online: 17 July 2023 (05:23:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0228.v1

HIV Treatment, Prevention, Surveillance and Patient Monitoring in South Africa

Brian Williams

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV, Tuberculosis, South Africa, Epidemic control

Online: 19 July 2019 (10:46:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0381.v1

Building-Level Wastewater Monitoring for COVID-19 Using Tampon Swabs and RT-LAMP for Rapid SARS-Cov-2 RNA Detection

Aaron Bivins, Megan Lott, Marlee Shaffer, Zhenyu Wu, Devin North, Erin Lipp, Kyle Bibby

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; wastewater monitoring; environmental surveillance; RT-LAMP; building-level; near-source; passive sampling

Online: 17 May 2021 (10:07:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0264.v1

Measuring Time-Varying Effective Reproduction (Rt) Numbers for COVID-19 and Their Relationship with Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia

Musa Kamarul Imran, Wan Nor Ariffin, Mohd Mohd Hafiz, Subhi Jamiluddin, Noor Atinah Ahmad, Chen Xin Wee, Tengku Muhammad Hanis, Awang Bulgiba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Reproduction number; COVID-19; movement control order; epidemic curve

Online: 14 January 2021 (09:41:02 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0861.v1

Association between Rheumatic Disease Therapies and Cardiovascular Outcomes in People with HIV

Boghuma K. Titanji, Shumpei Nagatomi, Julia W. Gallini, Xiangqin Cui, Jennifer S. Hanberg, Evelyn Hsieh, Vincent. C Marconi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: rheumatic disease; HIV; cardiovascular events

Online: 11 September 2024 (11:06:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1340.v1

Treatment Management Challenges in Naïve and Experienced HIV-1-Infected Individuals Carrying the M184V Mutation

Iordanis Mimtsoudis, Olga Tsachouridou, Karolina Akinosoglou, Symeon Metallidis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: HIV-1; drug resistance; M184V; mutation; naïve; treatment experienced

Online: 21 May 2024 (05:02:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1540.v1

Ciprofloxacin Concentrations 100-Fold Lower than the MIC Can Select for Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Neisseria subflava: An In Vitro Study

Zina Gestels, Chris Kenyon, Saïd Abdellati, Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: minimum selection concentration; MSC; MSCde novo; ciprofloxacin; Neisseria subflava; commensals; antimicrobial resistance

Online: 23 May 2024 (12:54:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0657.v1

Test@Work Texts: Mobile Phone Messaging to Increase Awareness of HIV and HIV Testing in UK Construction Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Matthew Middleton, Sarah Somerset, Catrin Evans, Holly Blake

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: HIV; workplace intervention; SMS; HIV testing; construction; mobile phone; Covid-19; health promotion; text messaging

Online: 27 September 2020 (03:02:41 CEST)

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Background: HIV poses a threat to global health. With effective treatment options available, education and testing strategies are essential in preventing transmission. Text messaging is an effective tool for health promotion and can be used to target higher risk populations. This study reports on the design, delivery and testing of a mobile text messaging SMS intervention for HIV prevention and awareness, aimed at adults in the construction industry and delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Participants were recruited at Test@Work workplace health promotion events (21 sites, n=464 employees), including health checks with HIV testing. Message development was based on a participatory design and included a focus group (n=9) and message fidelity testing (n=291) with assessment of intervention uptake, reach, acceptability, and engagement. Barriers to HIV testing were identified and mapped to the COM-B behavioural model. 23 one-way push SMS messages (19 included short web links) were generated and fidelity tested, then sent via automated SMS to two employee cohorts over a 10-week period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Engagement metrics measured were; opt-outs, SMS delivered/read, number of clicks per web link, and four two-way pull messages exploring repeat HIV testing, learning new information, perceived usefulness and behaviour change. Results: 291 people participated (68.3% of eligible attendees). A total of 7,726 messages were sent between March and June 2020, with 91.6% successfully delivered (100% read). 12.4% of participants opted out over 10 weeks. Of delivered messages, links were clicked an average of 14.4%, max 24.1% for HIV related links. The number of clicks on web links declined over time (r= -6.24, p=0.01). Response rate for two-way pull messages was 13.7% of participants. Since the workplace HIV test offer at recruitment, 21.6% reported having taken a further HIV test. Qualitative replies indicated behavioural influence of messaging on exercise, lifestyle behaviours and intention to HIV test. Conclusion: SMS messaging for HIV prevention and awareness is acceptable to adults in the construction industry, has high uptake, low attrition and good engagement with message content, when delivered during a global pandemic. Data collection methods may need refinement for audience and effect of COVID-19 on results is yet to be understood.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0425.v1

Impact of wind generation in the transformation centers of low voltage distribution networks using Opal-RT 5600

Javier Cabrera, Carlos Guerrero, Esteban Franco, Gabriela Araujo

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Wind energy; voltage profile; distribution network; simulation

Online: 6 June 2023 (09:35:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0463.v1

Development and Validation of a Combined RT-LAMP Assay for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Dengue Virus in Clinical Samples from Colombia

Katherine Escorcia-Lindo, Leidy Hurtado-Gómez, Juan Sebastian Rosero, Nataly Solano Llanos, Camilo Barrios Sánchez, Anderson Diaz Pérez, Yirys Díaz-Olmos, Jennifer García, Yesit Bello-Lemus, Leonardo C Pacheco-Londoño, Antonio J. Acosta-Hoyos, Lisandro A Pacheco-Lugo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: RT-LAMP; Dengue virus (DENV); Sensitivity; Point-of-Care

Online: 5 September 2024 (12:37:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1111.v1

HIV Expression in Infected T Cell Clones

Jason W Rausch, Shadab Parvez, Sachi Pathak, Adam A Capoferri, Mary F Kearney

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); persistence; transcriptional regulation; T cell; clonal expansion; HIV rebound

Online: 14 December 2023 (16:51:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0440.v1

HIV/AIDS Mathematical Model of Triangle Transmission

Cristian Camilo Espitia Morillo, João Frederico da Costa Azevedo Meyer

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: HIV/AIDS Mathematical Model; Basic Reproduction Number; Stationary Points; Local and Global Stability Analysis.

Online: 28 October 2022 (07:05:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0420.v1

Hodgkin Lymphoma in People Living With HIV

Jose Tomas Navarro, Jose Moltó, Gustavo Tapia, Josep Maria Ribera

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma, HIV,; antiretroviral therapy; prognosis; etiopathogenesis

Online: 20 August 2021 (14:08:47 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Hodgkin Lymphoma In People Living With HIV

Jose Tomas Navarro, Jose Moltó, Gustavo Tapia, Josep Maria Ribera

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma, HIV; antiretroviral therapy; prognosis; etiopathogenesis

Online: 2 June 2021 (11:53:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0904.v1

HIV-Induced Modulation of TREM2 Expression Is Reversed by Cannabidiol: Implications for Age-Related Neuropathogenesis in People with HIV

Bryant Avalos, Jacqueline R Kulbe, Mary Ford, Anna Elizabeth Laird, Kyle Walter, Michael Mante, Jazmin Florio, Ali Boustani, Antoine Chaillon, Johannes Schlachetzki, Erin Sundermann, David Volsky, Robert A Rissman, Ronald Ellis, Scott Letendre, Jennifer Iudicello, Jerel Adam Fields

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: TREM2; HIV; neuroinflammation; cannabis; immunomodulatory; CBD

Online: 13 August 2024 (08:56:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0046.v1

Genetic Characterization of HIV-1 tat Gene from Virologically Controlled HIV-infected Older Patients on Long-term Antiretroviral Therapy

Nathan Kummet, Neha Mishra, Adela Diaz, Nicholas Cusick, Stephen A. Klotz, Nafees Ahmad

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV+ older patients; ART; tat sequences; genetic diversity; CTL epitopes

Online: 2 October 2023 (11:55:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0137.v1

The Role of Peptides in Combatting HIV Infection: Applications and Insights

Naiera M Helmy, Keykavous Parang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: AIDS; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Entry Inhibitors; Peptides; Vaccines

Online: 2 September 2024 (23:32:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0439.v1

Host Restriction Factors Modulating HIV Latency and Replication in Myeloid Cells

Guido Poli, Isabel Pagani, Pietro Demela, Silvia Ghezzi, Elisa Vicenzi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: HIV; Macrophages; MDM; restriction factors; transcription factors; macrophage polarization

Online: 23 November 2021 (16:19:11 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0230.v1

Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanistic Insights for Anti-HIV Natural Products

Ramanpreet Kaur, Pooja Sharma, Girish K. Gupta, Fidele Ntie-Kang, Dinesh Kumar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: AIDS; anti-HIV; natural products; SARs

Online: 21 January 2020 (03:15:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0981.v1

Prevalence, Characteristics, and Distribution of Human Papillomavirus According to Age and HIV Status in Women of Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Zizipho Z. A. Mbulawa, Sinazo Kondlo, Sinalo Toni, Lindiwe M Faye, Charles B Businge

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: human papillomavirus; human immunodeficiency virus; age; women

Online: 12 September 2024 (11:36:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1987.v1

Low Plasma Lipids are Associated with Relapsing and Lethal Visceral Leishmaniasis in HIV-Infected Patients

Renata V. S. Silva, Silvia R.B. Uliana, Jenicer K.U.Y. Yasunaka, Cláudio S. Veloso, Emille A Sousa, Maria Michelle L. Ferreira, Vivianne S. Carvalho, Gabriel R. Ferreira, Dorcas L. Costa, Carlos H. N. Costa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: Visceral leishmaniasis; Leishmania infantum; HIV/AIDS; Lipid profile; Cachexia

Online: 30 April 2024 (11:42:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1623.v1

HIV-Infected Hepatic Stellate Cells or HCV-Infected Hepatocytes Are Unable to Promote Latency Reversal among HIV-Infected Mononuclear Cells

Cinthya Alicia Marcela López, Rosa Nicole Freiberger, Franco Agustin Sviercz, Jorge Quarleri, María Victoria Delpino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: HIV; HCV; coinfection; J-Lat; U1; latency reversal; liver

Online: 21 December 2023 (07:03:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0840.v1

Evaluating the Health-Related Quality of Life of Transgender Living with HIV/AIDS in Lahore, Pakistan

Tahneem Yaseen, Syed Muhammad Ali, Mustansar Mehmood, Laiba Khalil, Laraib Ghouri, Malik Hammad Shaukat, Shahid Rasool

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HIV/AIDS; HRQoL; Transgender; EQ-5D; VAS; Khuwaja Sara

Online: 13 June 2024 (10:46:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1366.v1

Cycle Threshold Values of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR During Outbreaks in Nursing Homes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Juan Carlos Gasco-Laborda, Maria Gil-Fortuño, Maria Dolores Tirado-Balaguer, Noemi Meseguer-Ferrer, Oihana Sabalza-Baztán, Óscar Pérez-Olaso, Iris Gómez-Alfaro, Sandrine Poujois-Gisbert, Noelia Hernández-Pérez, LLedó Lluch-Bacas, Viorica Rusen, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Juan Bautista Bellido-Blasco

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; PCR; cycle threshold; infections; nursing homes; outbreaks; retrospective cohort

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:47:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0320.v1

Inherent Bias of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Quantification for Wastewater Surveillance Due to Variable RT-qPCR Assay Parameters

Aaron Bivins, Devrim Kaya, Kyle Bibby, Stuart Simpson, Stephen Bustin, Orin Shanks, Warish Ahmed

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: RT-qPCR; assay validity; standard curve; quality assurance; quality control; wastewater surveillance

Online: 11 June 2021 (14:10:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0255.v1

Vertical Transmission and Treatment of HIV/AIDS Epidemic with Saturation Dynamics Modeling

Zolar Francesco

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Disease, Modelling, Mathematical Solution

Online: 5 March 2024 (13:53:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1996.v1

Preventive and Therapeutic Vaccines against HIV: From New Mechanisms to Clinical Trials

Yury Zhernov, Vladislava Petrova, Mark Simanduyev, Sonya Vysochanskaya, Inna Fadeeva, Ksenja Riabova, Maria Zhuravleva, Denis Gorshenin, Artem Basov, Denis Shcherbakov, Oleg Mitrokhin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: HIV; preventive vaccines; therapeutic vaccines; AIDS; vaccine targets

Online: 31 October 2023 (06:13:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0188.v1

Effect of HIV infection on COVID-19 Cytokine Release Syndrome and Mortality

John Muthuka, Kelly Oluoch, Francis Wamburs, Japheth Mativo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; HIV; Mortality; cytokine release syndrome

Online: 13 May 2022 (09:47:23 CEST)

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Introduction: Established predictors for COVID-19 related mortalities are diverse, with cytokine release syndrome (CRS), a key intermediator to the case fatalities being dominant and multi-faceted. The impact of these several risk factors on coronavirus mortality have been previously reported in several meta‐analyses limited by small sample sizes and premature data, and CRS not fully being accounted for. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the evidence on the risk of COVID-19 related CRS and mortality with HIV serostatus using published data, and a meta-regression to account for possible covariates. Method: Electronic databases including Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences (WOS), EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, COVID-19 Research Database, and Scopus, were systematically searched till 30th February, 2022. All human studies were included irrespective of publication date or region. Twenty-two studies with a total of 19,783,097 patients detailing COVID-related mortality and eleven with a total of 2,005,274 were included. To pool the estimate, a random-effects model with risk ration as the effect measure was used. Moreover, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were evaluated followed by meta-regression. The trial was registered (CRD42021264761) on the PROSPERO register. Results: The findings were consistent in stating the contribution of HIV infection for COVID-19 related CRS and mortality. The cumulative COVID-19 related mortality and CRS was 110270 (0.6%) and 48863 (2.4%) with total events of 2010 (3.6%), 108260 (0.5%) and 837(4.6%), 48026 (2.4%) among HIV-positive and negative persons respectively. HIV infection showed an increased risk of COVID-19 related CRS and mortality [RR= 1.48, 95% CI (1.16, 1.88) (P=0.002)] and [RR =1.19, 95% CI (1.02 -1.39) (P=0.00001)] respectively, both with substantial heterogeneity (I² > 80%). The true effects size in 95% of all the comparable populations fell between 0.64 to 2.22 and 0.67 to 3.29 for mortality and CRS respectively. MC studies and COVID-19 mortality with HIV infection showed a significant association [RR = 1.305, 95% CI (1.092 -1.559) (P = 0.003)], similar to studies conducted in America (RR = 1.422, 95% CI 1.233–1.639) and South Africa (RR = 1.123, 95% CI 1.052–1.198). HIV infection showed a risk for ICU admission [(P=0.00001) (I² = 0%)] and mechanical ventilation [(P=0.04) (I² = 0%)] as parameters of CRS. Furthermore, risk of COVID-19 related CRS is influenced by the year a study was conducted (R² = 0.55) and the region (R² = 0.11) same for mortality (R² = 0.60). The variance proportion explained by covariates was significant for CRS (I² = 86.5%, Q = 73.99, df = 10, P = 0.0000) (R² = 0.78) and mortality (I² = 87.5%, Q = 168.02, df = 21, p = 0.0000) (R² = 0.67). Conclusion: Our updated meta-analysis indicated that HIV infection was significantly associated with an increased risk for both COVID-19 – CRS and mortality, which might be modulated by regions, study setting and year. Risk for ICU admission and mechanical ventilation are the key indicators of CRS. We believe the updated data further anchoring CRS will contribute to more substantiation of the findings reported by similar earlier studies (Dong et al., 2021; K. W. Lee et al., 2021; Massarvva, 2021; Mellor et al., 2021; Ssentongo et al., 2021)

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0212.v2

Stigma and Discrimination on People Living with HIV (PLHIV): a Systematic Review

Khotibul Umam, Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Stigma, discrimination, HIV/AIDS

Online: 19 April 2021 (22:13:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0645.v1

Immune Complex Vaccine Strategies to Combat HIV-1 and Other Infectious Diseases

Alex F. Tang, Gospel Enyindah-Asonye, Catarina E. Hioe

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: immune complex; antibodies; Fab; Fc; HIV-1; vaccine; steric; allosteric

Online: 25 December 2020 (07:46:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0493.v1

Evaluation of HIV and AIDS Workplace Policy at Nkhotakota District Council, Malawi

Patrick Mbulaje, Adamson Muula

Subject: Social Sciences, Political Science Keywords: HIV; HIV at workplace; District Implementation Plan; HIV and AIDS; Stakeholders; Funding

Online: 28 April 2020 (09:51:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0052.v1

Access to HIV Care and Resilience in a Long Term Conflict Setting. A Pilot Qualitative Assessment of the Experiences of Living with Diagnosed HIV in Mogadishu, Somali

Asli Kulane, John O. A. Owuor, Douglas Sematimba, Sacdia Abdisamad Abdulahi, Hamdi Moalim Yusuf, Lul M. Mohamed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: Somali; conflict; health system; resilience; fragile; access; government; NGO

Online: 12 June 2017 (06:26:20 CEST)

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Background: Human Immnodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to take a heavy toll on the lives of many people with worst impact on health and wellbeing for the affected individuals in fragile states. The HIV situation in Somalia is not clearly known and experiences of the people living with HIV in this war-torn region unexpressed. This pilot qualitative study sought to explore the experiences of people living with diagnosed HIV in Mogadishu and their resilience in access to care and social support. Method: Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted in Somali in May 2013 among patients who were receiving Antiretroviral therapy (ART) from the HIV clinic in Mogadishu. Participants were recruited through drug dispensers at the HIV clinic in Benader Hospital. These were tape recorded, transcribed and translated for content analysis. Results: Three women and four men who were living with HIV shared the following narratives. Their perception was that they had either got HIV from their spouces or through health care contamination. They were very knowledgable about the realities of HIV, how the medication works, nutritional requirements and drug adherence. They were always willing to go an extra mile to secure a good life for themselves. However the external HIV stigma impacted their access to care. They faced challenges in their homes and at work which compelled them to seek support from non-governmental organisations (NGOs) or close family members. This stigma often affected their disclosure to the wider community due to the uncertainity of the repercussions, leading to a life of extreme loneliness and financial difficulties. The participants’ coping mechansms included living together and starting their own NGO for support with very strong optimism about their prognosis. Conclusions: The people living with diagnosed HIV in Mogadishu are highly knowledgeable about HIV transmission, the realities of living with diagnosed HIV infection and efficacy of HIV treatment. Our small sample suggests adequate access to ART through NGOs. However, widespread HIV stigma limits HIV status disclosure to the families and communities which creates a risk of self isolation and ill health. But affected individuals have developed resilient mechanisms of managing the risks. They strive to remain employed for economic security, adhere to HIV treatment, engage in support groups and maintain utmost optimism about their prognosis.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1994.v1

A Colorimetric RT-LAMP Detection of Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Lineages from Direct Nasopharyngeal Swab Samples without RNA Isolation

Santiago Enrique Werbajh, Luciana Larocca, Carolina Carrillo, Fabiana Stolowicz, Lorena Ogas, Sergio Pallotto, Solange Cassará, Lilia Mammana, Inés Zapiola, María Belén Bouzas, Adrián Alberto Vojnov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; LAMP

Online: 28 July 2023 (13:29:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1759.v1

Sex-Biased Associations of Circulating Ferroptosis Inhibitors with Reduced Lipid Peroxidation and Better Neurocognitive Performance in People with HIV

Harpreet Kaur, Ravi Kumar Alluri, Kunling Wu, Robert C Kalayjian, William S Bush, Frank J Palella, Susan L Koletar, Corrilynn O Hileman, Kristine M Erlandson, Ronald J Ellis, Roger J Bedimo, Babafemi O Taiwo, Katherine K Tassiopoulos, Asha R Kallianpur

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: HIV; ferritin heavy-chain; ferritin light-chain; ferroptosis; lipid peroxidation; iron; oxidative stress; neurocognitive impairment; neurocognitive domains

Online: 24 August 2024 (00:22:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0771.v1

Lexicometric and Sentiment Analysis of News in the Spanish Press regarding HIV and Prison

Enrique J. Vera-Remartínez, Jose Antonio Zafra-Agea, Julio Garcia-Guerrero, María Pilar Molés-Julio

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Procesamiento natural del lenguaje; Perió; dicos como tema; Sí; ndrome de inmunodeficiencia humana; prisiones; Españ; a

Online: 14 February 2024 (05:25:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0436.v1

Knowledge and Attitudes towards HIV and HCV among the General Population in Brescia, Italy

Francesca Viola, Beatrice Formenti, Stefania Arsuffi, Itala Polesini, Emanuele Focà, Francesco Castelli, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: HIV; HCV; Health Literacy; HIV Knowledge; HCV Knowledge; Viral Infections

Online: 8 May 2023 (03:50:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0565.v1

Targeting Tat-TAR RNA Interaction for HIV-1 Inhibition

Awadh Alanazi, Andrey Ivanov, Namita Kumari, Xionghao Lin, Songping Wang, Dmytro Kovalskyy, Sergei Nekhai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV-1 transcription; HIV-1 Tat; TAR RNA; small molecule inhibitors

Online: 23 June 2021 (11:04:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0009.v1

Applications of the FIV Model to Study HIV Pathogenesis

Craig Miller, Zaid Abdo, Aaron Ericsson, John Elder, Sue VandeWoude

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: feline immunodeficiency virus; FIV; human immunodeficiency virus; HIV; animal models, opportunistic disease, lentiviral pathogenesis; molecular biology

Online: 2 April 2018 (07:54:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0241.v1

Downregulation of miRNA-26a by HIV-1 Enhances CD59 Expression and Packaging Impacting Virus Susceptibility to Antibody-Dependent Complement-Mediated Lysis

Nicolas Bellini, Chengyu Ye, Oluwaseun Ajibola, Thomas T Murooka, Robert Lodge, Eric A Cohen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: CD59; HIV-1; complement- mediated lysis; miRNA-26a; innate immunity; viral evasion

Online: 5 June 2024 (12:35:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0383.v1

The Use of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (bNAbs) in HIV-1 Treatment and Prevention

Jannifer Jasmin Thavarajah, Bo Langhoff Hønge, Christian Morberg Wejse

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: HIV-1; broadly neutralizing antibodies; clinical trial; treatment; prevention, remission; cure strategy

Online: 7 May 2024 (11:52:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1442.v1

Functional Impacts of Epitranscriptomic m6A Modification on HIV-1 Infection and Innate Immunity

Tarun Mishra, Stacia Phillips, Siyu Huang, Li Wu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Epitranscriptomic RNA modification; N6-methyladenosine; HIV-1; virus-host interactions; innate immunity

Online: 19 December 2023 (10:46:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0466.v1

Depression and Perceived Stress among Perinatal Women Living with HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria

Folahanmi T. Akinsolu, Abisola Lawale, Samuel Bankole, Zainab Adegbite, Ifeoluwa E Adewole, Olunike Abodunrin, Dolapo Raji, Hilary Okunbor, Diana Wangeshi Njuguna, Abideen Salako, Oliver C. Ezechi

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: depression; stress; HIV; pregnancy

Online: 27 February 2023 (09:34:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0494.v1

Photoimmunotherapy Using Cationic and Anionic Photosensitizer-Antibody Conjugates Against HIV Env-Expressing Cells

Mohammad Sadraeian, Calise Bahou, Edgar Ferreira da Cruz, Luíz Mário Ramos Janini, Ricardo Sobhie Diaz, Ross W. Boyle, Vijay Chudasama, Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: HIV immunotherapy; photoimmunotherapy; photodynamic Therapy; porphyrin; phthalocyanine; HIV-infected cell; monoclonal antibody

Online: 23 October 2020 (14:55:47 CEST)

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