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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0350.v1

Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence technology for elucidating disease pathophysiology.

Juyeung Jin, Jaeyoon Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Multi-omics; AI technology; Pathophysiology; COVID19; Cancer; Alopecia

Online: 5 August 2024 (23:17:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1050.v1

Increasing Household Income from Vegetable Farming through Mobile and Smartphones Apps

Agus Hadiarto, Muhammad Firdaus, Harianto Harianto, Tanti Novianti

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: econometric model; household income; ICT; smartphone; vegetable farmer

Online: 15 January 2024 (03:13:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0240.v1

Sustainable Assets and Strategies for Affecting the Income of Forestry Household: Empirical Evidence from South Korea

Jang-Hwan Jo, Taewoo Roh, Seunguk Shin

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: sustainable assets; sustainable strategies; income of forestry household; forestry income; non-forestry income

Online: 20 May 2019 (10:25:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0006.v1

Adoption of Small-Scale Irrigation Farming as a Climate-Smart Agriculture Practice and Its Influence on Household Income in the Chinyanja Triangle, Southern Africa

Nelson Mango, Clifton Makate, Lulseged Tamene, Powell Mponela, Gift Ndengu

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: climate-smart agriculture; adoption; small-scale irrigation farming; household income; Chinyanja Triangle; Southern Africa

Online: 1 February 2018 (09:33:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2067.v1

Anti-Obesity Medication and Household Food Waste

Jamil Mansouri, Brian E. Roe

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Other Keywords: food waste; anti-obesity medications; Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist; U.S. consumers; survey

Online: 28 August 2024 (20:20:28 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Can Government-organized Training in the Agricultural Industry Promote Sustainable Increases in Smallholder Farmer Income? — Evidence from rural household survey data in Shandong Province, China

Yifeng ZHANG, Yunxing Sun

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Smallholder farmer; Vocational training; Income; Endogenous transformation regression model; Moderating effect

Online: 14 September 2020 (00:20:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1412.v1

Does Farm wage Influence Gender gap in Household Welfare? A Microlevel Evidence from Nigeria

Abdulrazaq Kamal Daudu, Alhassan Abdul-Wakeel Karakara, Oyedola Waheed Kareem, Latifat Kehinde Olatinwo, Tawakalitu Abiola Dolapo, Halimah Olayinka Egbewole, Lateef Lawal Adefalu, Sidiqat Adeyemi Abdulwahab

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Farmworkers; gender gap; wage inequalities; household welfare; effect; labour

Online: 20 June 2024 (13:25:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1070.v1

Generalized Pareto-Type Distribution and Income Inequality: An Extension of Gibrat’s Law

Yong Tao

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Random growth theory; Kolmogorov forward equation; Income distribution; Generalized Pareto distribution; Kolmogorov-Smirnov test

Online: 19 February 2024 (15:12:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0138.v2

Evaluation and Modeling the Performance of Rice Husk Gasifier Cook Stove for Household Energy Use

Mersha A. Fetene, Dessye B. Tikuneh

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Energy; Insulated; Non-Insulated; Heat; Temperature; Time; Boiling; Relation

Online: 6 June 2024 (11:19:06 CEST)

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This research paper aims to evaluate and model the performance of rice husk gasifier cook stoves for household energy use, a byproduct of rice milling. The study aims to address environmental issues and promote the use of rice husk as a renewable energy source and pest repellent in stoves. The study compared insulated and non-insulated gasifier stoves using rice husk gasification. The study compared the start-up time of insulated and non-insulated gasifier stoves, where the insulated stove showed a lower start-up time, but there was no significant difference at a 5% probability level. The temperature change also was not significant, as heat transfer and temperature change started when the husk was ignited. The burner stoves had different size and volume. The maximum operated or flame temperature was 1,190.30oC at room or minimum temperature of 27.33 oC, whereas the average temperature was 758.916oC for the non-insulated type of gasifier stove. The insulated gasifier stove also observed maximum and average temperatures of 518.30 oC and 289.014oC respectively at the same room temperature. The operating time of stoves directly influences the fuel consumption rate, specific gasification rate, and combustion zone rate of stoves. The fuel consumption rate has a significant effect on the type of gasifier stove, with the maximum rates being 3.820 and 2.099 kg/hr. The time to consume rice husks to gasify them depends on the density of the rice husk, reactor volume, and fuel consumption rate. The average specific gasification rate for insulated and non-insulated stoves is 106.45 and 120.63 kg/m2h, respectively. The fuel or rice husk holding capacity of each type of stove is significant at a 5% level, with the amount of rice husk and biochar produced being 1.18kg and 0.27kg for insulated stoves, and 2.511kg and 0.688kg for non-insulated stoves, respectively. The performance of gasifier stoves varies based on the bio char conversion rate, with non-insulated stoves producing a higher bio char mass per rice husk. Multiple regression analysis was used to model the relationship between time elapse with temperature and heat energy. The Squirrel-2020 data logger was used to measure the temperature produced by burning rice husks in the reactor of the stove as well as related generated and losses of heat. A relationship between the heat energy produced and the operating time of gasifier stoves was conducted to estimate the model. The cubic polynomial model was found to be the best predictive model fit for all variables of this study.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1769.v1

SHAP, LightGBM, and Correlation Matrix Based Framework for Analyzing Household Energy Data: Towards Electricity Self-Sufficiency

Nitin Kumar Singh, Masaaki Nagahara

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: SHAP; LightGBM; $\ell^1$ ; regularization; electricity self-sufficiency rate; household energy data; time-series data; questionnaire survey; renewable energy sources; Net zero-energy houses; correlation matrix; energy policies; smart houses; HEMS

Online: 23 July 2024 (09:52:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0051.v1

The Relationship between Residential Electricity Consumption and Income: A Piecewise Linear Model with Panel Data

Yanan Liu, Yixuan Gao, Yu Hao, Hua Liao

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: residential electricity consumption; income; piecewise linear model; China; robust tests

Online: 14 October 2016 (09:53:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0046.v1

Women Household Decision Making Power and Maternal Mortality

Yahaya Yakubu, Norashidah Mohamed Nor, Law Siong Hook, Rusmawati Said

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: women household decision making; maternal mortality; sustainable development goals; developing countries; Nigeria

Online: 4 October 2019 (10:39:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0817.v1

Uncovering the Hidden Burden of Pharmaceutical Poisoning in High-Income and Low-Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

Claire Cowans, Anya Love, Balamurugan Tangiisuran, Sabrina Anne Jacob

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: pharmaceutical; poisoning; low-and-middle-income countries; high-income countries; review

Online: 13 September 2023 (05:15:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0900.v1

Econometric Analysis of GDP and Income Inequality in Greece: A Diachronic Study Across Pre-Crisis, Crisis, and Post-Crisis Periods

Panagiotis Karountzos, Nikolaos T. Giannakopoulos, Damianos P. Sakas, Stavros P. Migkos, Kyriaki I. Efthalitsidou

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: economic growth; GDP; income inequality; Gini coefficient; Greece; memorandum; financial crisis; econometric analysis

Online: 11 September 2024 (17:11:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1524.v1

Global Dynamics of Environmental Kuznets Curve: A Cross-Correlation Analysis of Income and CO2 Emissions

Dora Almeida, Luísa Carvalho, Paulo Ferreira, Andreia Dionísio, Inzamam Ul Haq

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Environmental Kuznets curve; CO2 emissions; Economic growth; Cross-correlation analysis; Income levels; Sustainable development

Online: 19 July 2024 (06:35:19 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0504.v1

Income Diversification and Bank Stability: Evidence from India

Navneet Kaur, Santosh Srivatsav, Nemiraja Jadiyappa, Parneet Kaur

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Income diversification; idiosyncratic risk; emerging economies; Ridge/Lasso/ Elastics net regression

Online: 20 November 2018 (15:29:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0068.v1

Creating Family-Centred Support for Preschoolers with Developmental Disabilities in Low-Income Countries: A Rapid Review to Guide Practitioners

Roy McConkey

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: disability; preschool; children; family-centred; community-based; low income; inclusion; healthcare; education

Online: 2 April 2024 (10:06:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1881.v1

The Status of Food Insecurity at the Household Level in the North-Eastern Highlands of Ethiopia

Umar Demisse Mohammed, Arega Bazezew Berlie, Simachew Bantigegen Wassie

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Livelihood zone; Households; Food insecurity status; South wollo

Online: 29 April 2024 (05:06:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0084.v1

Company Income Taxes and Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria

Onome Edo, Omoye Alade

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: corporate tax; fdi; tax incentives; tax rate; investment

Online: 5 September 2018 (05:10:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0134.v1

Chronic Pediatric Pain in Low and Middle Income Countries

Camila Walters, Matthew Kynes, Jenna Sobey, Tsitsi Chimhundu-Sithole, Kelly McQueen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: chronic pediatric pain; low income country; middle income country; low and middle income country; pediatric palliative care.

Online: 8 June 2018 (12:45:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1502.v1

Enhancing Food Security through Data Insights: Exploring How Household Dietary Diversity Score and Spatial Visualization in Chilean Vulnerable Population Can Inform Food Governance

Martin del Valle M, Kirsteen Shields, Sofía Boza

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Chile; Food Security; Food Governance; Household Dietary Diversity Score; Spatial Visualization

Online: 21 August 2024 (00:19:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0698.v1

Health Shock, Borrowing, and Rural Household Welfare: Evidence from China

Xinyu ZHANG

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Health Shock, Credit, Rural Household Welfare, Sustainable Rural Devlopment, China Household Finance Survey

Online: 9 August 2023 (08:50:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0353.v1

Household Dust: Loadings and PM10-bound Plasticizers and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

E.D. Vicente, A. Vicente, T. Nunes, A.I. Calvo, C. del Blanco-Alegre, F. Oduber, A. Castro, R. Fraile, F. Amato, C. Alves

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: resuspension; household dust; pm10; organic and elemental carbon; phthalic acid esters; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Online: 30 October 2019 (09:15:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2192.v1

The Impact of Restrictive Macroprudential Policies through Borrower-Targeted Instruments on Income Inequality: Evidence from a Bayesian Approach

Lindokuhle Talent Zungu, Lorraine Greyling

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Bayesian; DTI; Emerging markets; Financial restrictions; GMM; Income Inequality; LTV; Macroprudential policies; PVAR

Online: 12 September 2024 (15:27:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0032.v1

Assessment of Rural Flood Risk and Factors Influencing Household Flood Risk Perception in the Haut-Bassins Region of Burkina Faso, West Africa

Madou Sougué, Bruno Merz, Amadé Nacanabo, Gnibga Issoufou Yangouliba, Ibrahima Pouye, Jean Mianikpo Sogbedji, François Zougmoré

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: Burkina Faso; flood risk index; flood risk perception index; influence factors; indicator-based method; ordered logistic modelling

Online: 1 May 2024 (07:31:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1560.v1

Village Organization and Sustainable Growth of Farmers' Income: An Empirical Study Based on Dynamic Survey Data of Labor Force in China

Qinghao Wang, Mingyue Gong, Chentao Zhang

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: Rural revitalization; ; Village organization; ; Degree of organization; Farmers' income; Common prosperity

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:48:39 CEST)

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Common prosperity is the core goal of rural revitalization, and sustainable growth of farmers' income is an inevitable requirement. This study uses CLDS2016-2020 village and family level questionnaire data to reveal how the degree of village organization affects the sustainable growth of farmers' income, thus providing reference and decision-making for the local government to promote the increase of farmers' income and narrow the gap from the village level. The results show that the degree of village organization can significantly affect farmers' income, and the analysis results of the degree of formal organization are consistent with them. Specifically, for every 1% increase in the degree of village organization, the per capita household income will increase by 32.4%, among which the wage income will increase by 22.6%, the operational income will increase by 5%, the property income will increase by 0.8%, and the transfer income will increase by 4.2%. The estimation results through instrumental variables are consistent, and the results are robust. At the same time, improving the degree of village organization can also significantly increase the proportion of farmers' non-agricultural income and narrow the income gap among farmers. On the impact of heterogeneity, it is found that the geographical distance between villages and county and township governments, as well as the political identity and education level of farmers will affect the role of the degree of organization. The results of mechanism analysis show that improving the degree of village organization is mainly through promoting the circulation of agricultural land, socialized service of agricultural machinery and industrial and commercial capital to the countryside to increase farmers' income. The research revealed that the modernization of rural governance should be accelerated, and the degree of village organization should be improved, especially the degree of formal organization, so as to build a benign trust and cooperation relationship between the two village committees and the villagers, and implement policies and measures to improve the income of farmers according to local conditions. At the same time, strengthen the publicity and education in party member to improve the proportion of rural party member and the education level of farmers.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0063.v1

Predicting Household Disaster Preparedness: An Integrated Machine Learning and Simulation Framework

Zhenlong Jiang, Yudi Chen, Ting-Yeh Yang, Wenying Ji, Sasha (Zhijie) Dong, Ran Ji

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: disaster management; household preparedness prediction; machine learning; Monte Carlo Simulation

Online: 3 March 2023 (08:45:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1858.v1

Clinical and Economic Impacts of Optical Coherence Tomography prior to Cataract Surgery in a Low-to-Middle-Income Country

Mansur Inkarbekov, Mukhit Kulmaganbetov, Galiya Bazarbekova, Almagul Baiyrkhanova, Benjamin Thompson

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: cataract; optical coherence tomography; Kazakhstan; visual acuity; cost-effectiveness

Online: 26 June 2024 (12:44:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1855.v1

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Analysis of Impact of Socio-Economic Factors in Low, Medium and High-Income Countries

Meher Rizvi, Maria Khan, Amina AL Jardani, Ujjala Ghoshal, Zaaima AL Jabri, Mohammad Ahanjan, Azza AL Mamari, Nawal AL Shizawi, Hiba Sami, Abdullah Balkhair, Adila Shaukat, Alwarith Nasser Salem Alkharusi, Abdulrahman Almahrouqi, Afreenish Hassan, Ajay Kumar, Amal Malehi, Amina Gul, Ashima Singh, Asma Said Hamed AL Shidhani, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Aruna Poojary, Azza AL Rashdi, Bradley Langford, Dmytro Stepanskyi, Abbas Dolatabadi, Aisha Al Mufraji AL Mufraji, Elham Said Ahmed AL Risi, Garima Kapoor, Isabella Princess, Hatim Ali Eltahir, Hilal Al Sidairi, Kaitlyn Dougherty, Katia Iskandar, Ken Masters, Ibrahim Khalaf Hamdan AL Busaidi, Laila AL Yazidi, Mahfuza Nasrin, Mahmood Salim AL Subhi, Mallika Sengupta Mallika Sengupta, Manisha Khandait, Nada Khalfan AL Tamtami, Nada Khafan Alsiyabi, Nawal AL Kindi, Nazla Musthafa Luthfee, Neha Shreshtha, Nihal Mohamed Amur AL Riyami, Noora Hilal Ali AL Busaidi, Nupur Goel, Oksana Ishchenko, Omnia Mohamed Elnabawy Ahmed Taher, Pragnya Paramita Jena, Rajni Ekadashi, Razan Zadjali, Reba Kanungo, Sara Abolghasemi, Salima Al-maqbali, Sanjay Jaju, Sayantan Banerjee, Shadma Yaqoob, Shahnaz Sali, Shafqat Husnain Khan, Shalini Malhotra, Stephen Hughes, Sundas Shaukat, Syed Mohammed Atif, Vrushali Vishwas Patwardhan, Victorien Dougnon, Wahid Khan, Walid Wali, Zakariya AL Muharrmi, Zeeshana Basit, Jasashree Choudhury, Rachita Pravalina, Sanjeev Singh, Sarman Singh, Neelam Taneja, Raman Sardana, Pawan Kapoor, Rajeev Soman, Rashid Al Abri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: community acquired UTI; Escherichia coli; antimicrobial susceptibility; Indian subcontinent; MENA; GDP; temperature

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:32:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0472.v3

Decoding State Vaccination Rates Using educational aptitude, Income, and Political Affiliation

Azad Kabir, Raeed Kabir, Jebun Nahar, Ritesh Sengar

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Online misinformation; COVID-19 vaccination; fully vaccinated; Intelligence Quotient; per capita income

Online: 20 September 2021 (12:12:19 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Green Building and Policy Innovation in Low-Income Housing Developments (LIHTC)

Armin Jeddi Yeganeh, Andrew P. McCoy, Georg Reichard, Todd Schenk, Steve Hankey

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: energy efficiency; green buildings; housing policy; innovation theory

Online: 10 May 2020 (16:47:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0746.v1

Measuring Household Perception and Adaptation to Drought Occurrence: A Heckman Model Approach

Abduselam Abdulahi, PK Chauke, P Karthika

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Drought; Drought Occurrence; Adaptation; Perception; Resilience Mechanism

Online: 13 November 2023 (09:54:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0161.v1

Comparison of Cambodian Rice Production Technical Efficiency at National and Household Level

Sokvibol Kea, Hua Li, Linvolak Pich

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Agricultural productivity; Cambodia; Rice production; Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA); Technical Efficiency

Online: 29 September 2017 (18:21:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0084.v2

Thermochemical Transformation of Municipal Household Solid Waste Fractions into Bio-Oils and Bio-Adsorbents

Higor Ribeiro Borges, Fernanda Paula da Costa Assunção, Diogo Oliveira Pereira, Lauro Henrique Hamoy Guerreiro, Simone Patrícia Aranha Da Paz, Marcelo Costa Santos, Onésimo Amorim Corrêa, Jorge Fernando Hungria Ferreira, Douglas Alberto Rocha De Castro, Isaque Wilkson De Sousa Brandão, Neyson Martins Mendonça, José Almir Rodrigues Pereira, Marta Chagas Monteiro, Sergio Duvoisin, Jr., André Oliveira Menezes, Luiz Eduardo Pizarro Borges, Nélio Teixeira Machado

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: MSW; Organic fractions of MSW, Thermochemical process; Characterization of biochar and bio-oil

Online: 16 August 2024 (17:14:02 CEST)

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This work aims to investigate the effect of process temperature and catalyst content by thermochemical degradation of municipal solid waste (MSW) fraction (organic matter + paper + plastic) on the yield of reaction products (bio-oil, biochar, H2O and gas), physi-cochemical properties and chemical composition of bio-oils, as well as on the morphol-ogy and crystalline phases of biochar in laboratory scale. The organic matter, paper and plastic segregated from the gravimetric composition of total waste sample were subject-ed to the pre-treatments of drying, crushing and sieving. Thermal pyrolysis was per-formed at 400, 450 and 475 °C and 1.0 atmosphere, and catalytic pyrolysis at 450°C and 1.0 atmosphere, using 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0% (wt.) of FCC zeolite, bath mode, using a laboratory-scale borosilicate glass reactor. The bio-oil was characterized for acidic val-ue. The chemical functions present in the bio-oil identified by FT-IR and the composi-tion by GC-MS. Biochar was characterized by SEM/EDS and XRD. Thermal pyrolysis of the MSW fraction shows bio-oil yields between 9.44 and 9.24% (wt), aqueous phase yields between 21.93 and 18.78% (wt), solid phase yields between 67.97 and 40.34% (wt) and gas yields between 28.27 and 5.92% (wt). The bio-oil yield decreased with in-creasing process temperature. For the experiments using FCC, the biochar and gas yields slightly increased with increasing FCC content, while that of bio-oil decreased and the H2O phase remained constant. GC-MS of bio-oils identified the presence of hy-drocarbons and oxygenates, as well as nitrogen-containing compounds including am-ides and amines. The acidity of the bio-oil increased with increasing temperature and with the aid of FCC as a catalyst. The presence of hydrocarbons in bio-oil was identified by the addition of FCC catalyst due to the deoxygenation of carboxylic acids, followed by decarboxylation and decarbonylation reactions, producing aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0126.v1

Pathophysiology of Infective Endocarditis in High-Income Countries

Francesco Nappi, Giorgia Martuscelli, Francesca Bellomo, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh, Marc R. Moon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Infective Endocarditis; Staphylococcus Aureus; Biofilm; Immune response; Fibronectin

Online: 7 July 2022 (10:00:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0283.v1

Effects of Trade Liberalization on Household Welfare in Kenya

Justine Ongeri Mogendi

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: trade liberalization; East African Community; Common External Tariff; Househhold Welfare ;

Online: 6 May 2024 (09:56:55 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1848.v1

Antibiotic Resistance in Local Bacteria Against Household Antibiotic Ointments

Loveleen Sasan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: superbug; antibiotic resistance; generalist resistance; specialist resistance

Online: 30 October 2023 (09:56:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0066.v1

MWaste: A Deep Learning Approach to Manage Household Waste

Suman Kunwar

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Waste Classification, Deep Learning, Waste Management, Computer Vision

Online: 5 April 2023 (15:25:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1205.v2

How Does the Threshold for Urban Household Registration in China Affect the Willingness of Rural to Urban Migrant Population to Settle Down?

Qian qian ZHANG, Li feng Su, Chao fan An

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: threshold for urban household registration; Rural urban migrant population's willingness to settle down; IV estimation

Online: 18 September 2024 (23:51:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0430.v1

How Do Middle-Aged Chinese Men and Women Balance Caregiving and Employment Income?

Huamin Chai, Rui Fu, Peter C. Coyte

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: informal caregiving; unpaid family caregivers; labour force participation; income; labour supply

Online: 19 February 2021 (09:58:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0350.v1

Exponential Income Distribution and Evolution of Unemployment Compensation in the United Kingdom

Yong Tao

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Peer-to-peer economy; Income distribution; Unemployment compensation; Technological change

Online: 15 July 2021 (10:06:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0793.v1

Household Hunger and Coping Strategies in South-Eastern Nigeria during Corona Virus Lockdown

Johnny Ogunji, Stanley Iheanacho, Chinwe Victoria Ogunji, Michael Olaolu, Vivian Oleforuh-Okoleh, Nuria Amaechi, Esther David, Onyekachi Ndukauba, Theophilus Maduabuchukwu Ikegwu, Cresantus Biamba, Delight Chinonyerem

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Food insecurity; Food insufficiency; Household Hunger; Coping Strategy; COVID-19; Pandemic

Online: 30 April 2021 (15:28:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0806.v1

Predicting Operating Income via a Generalized Operating Leverage Model

Sherwood Lane Lambert, Kevin Krieger, Nathan Mauck

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Forecasting; accounting; earnings

Online: 13 November 2023 (10:03:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1304.v1

Psychosocial Occupational Health—A Priority for Middle-Income Countries?

Johannes Siegrist

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: middle-income countries; economic globalisation; psychosocial work environments; occupational health; Asia Pacific; Latin America

Online: 20 October 2023 (03:55:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1009.v1

Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Childhood Vaccination in Low-Income Countries: A Systematic Review to Set the Scope for Future Pandemics

Jessica E. Beetch, Amanda Janitz, Laura A. Beebe, Mary Gowin, Chao Xu, Shari Clifton, Katrin Gaardbo Kuhn

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: COVID-19; Pandemic; Vaccination; Public Health; Children; Low-Income

Online: 19 February 2024 (07:57:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0374.v1

Predictors of Household Spending on Out-patient Expenses in Kenya

Ngugi Mwenda, Mathew Kosgei, Gregory Kerich, Ruth Nduati

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: GEE; Household-head; outpatient-expense; QICu

Online: 15 December 2020 (11:07:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0256.v1

Automated Scheduling of Household Appliances Using Predictive Mixed Integer Programming

Himanshu Nagpal, Andrea Staino, Biswajit Basu

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Home energy management system, Flexible demand-response, optimal load-scheduling, Mixed Integer Programming, Predictive control, demand-side-management

Online: 27 February 2019 (12:10:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0296.v1

Linking Synthetic Populations to Household Geolocations: A Demonstration in Namibia

Dana R. Thomson, Lieke Kools, Warren C. Jochem

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: simulation; census; simpop; LMIC

Online: 19 June 2018 (11:13:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1848.v1

Unraveling insights in Feeding Experiences of Mothers of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Faida Miriam Buregea, Aganze Gloire-Aimé Mushebenge, Penny Reimers, Anna Coutsoudis

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: breastfeeding assistance methods; very low birth weight; donor human milk; exclusive breastfeeding; breastfeeding; LMICs

Online: 26 June 2024 (10:47:08 CEST)

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Background: Breastfeeding is essential for optimal infant health, offering numerous benefits such as infection prevention and enhanced bonding. Despite its importance, challenges exist, particularly for mothers of preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, necessitating effective lactation support strategies. Initiatives like the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) and Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) aim to promote breastfeeding success, while donor human milk (DHM) serves as an alternative bridge while the mother is supported to build up her supply. Adequate lactation support, counseling, and education are vital antenatally, during NICU stays and after discharge to improve breastfeeding rates and infant health outcomes, ultimately contributing to global efforts to reduce neonatal mortality and achieve sustainable development goals. This study explores existing research on factors influencing mothers’ ability to produce breast milk and sustain breastfeeding, with the aim of enhancing lactation support and improving infant health outcomes.Methods/Design: A systematic review will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Searches will be performed in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE Ovid via EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and WILEY online Library) to identify and incorporate primary research articles related to the topic published between 2014 and 2024. Authors will search peer-reviewed articles, gray literature sources, and reference lists to identify eligible studies. Independent abstract and full-text screening by two reviewers will follow the title screening. The analysis of data will be carried out using Review Manager software (version 5.3.5). The I² test will be used to quantify the amount of unexplained heterogeneity. Potential biases related to study size (such as publication bias) will be examined through the application of several techniques, including funnel plots, Egger’s test, Begg’s test, and Trim and Fill analysis.Discussion: Our review represents a singular exploration into exclusive breastfeeding among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), focusing on breastfeeding assistance methods. With VLBW defined as less than 1500 g, and most low birth weight (LBW) babies born in LMICs, there is a critical need to address feeding challenges and promote optimal nutrition. Despite updated WHO guidelines in 2022, there is still a lack of comprehensive advice for this vulnerable population. Peer support interventions and health worker counseling have shown promise in increasing breastfeeding continuation rates in LMICs, but challenges persist due to workforce shortages and inadequate documentation. Promoting early postpartum milk expression is crucial for milk production and infant health. Our review aims to fill the gap in understanding VLBW mothers’ breastfeeding experiences in LMICs, shedding light on the effectiveness of breastfeeding support methods and identifying areas for further research. Systematic review registration: CRD42024547864

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0551.v1

Construction of Household Welfare Index and Welfare Impact of International Remittances in Rural Bangladesh

Bezon Kumar

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: international remittances; household welfare index; welfare; poverty; Bangladesh

Online: 24 May 2021 (10:12:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0722.v1

Household Social Expenditure in Ghana: Examining the Ex-post Effects and Vulnerability to Poverty

Richard Kwabena Nkrumah, Samuel Kobina Annim, Benedict Afful Jr

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: social expenditure; welfare; vulnerability; household; poverty

Online: 30 September 2020 (04:11:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0324.v1

Better Implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy: China’s Land Transfer and Farmers’ Income

Qin Zhang, Yanfang Huo, Yan Han, Tianque Cao, Zifang Chen

Subject: Social Sciences, Area Studies Keywords: land transfer; farmer income; heterogeneity in farmer types; heterogeneity in income types; rural revitalization

Online: 7 May 2024 (17:14:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0406.v1

Land, Income and Land-Use Diversification in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Northern Pakistan

Siddique Baig, Syed Muhammad Jibran Shah, Bahadar Nawab Khattak

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Land-use; satellite imagery; agriculture

Online: 30 May 2018 (17:21:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0383.v1

Land, Income and Land-Use Diversification in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Northern Pakistan

Siddique Ullah Baig, Syed Muhammad Jibran Shah, Bahadar Nawab Khattak

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: land-use; satellite imagery; agriculture

Online: 28 May 2018 (05:20:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2157.v1

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and its Impact on Household Vulnerability to Food Insecurity: A Micro-level Evidence from Southwest Ethiopia

Andualem Begashaw, Mengistu Ketema, Mehare abule Work agegnew, Mesay Yami, Shiferaw Feleke, Tahirou Abdoulaye

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: climate change adaptation; food insecurity; vulnerability; multinomial endogenous treatment effect; smallholder farmers; Ethiopia

Online: 1 June 2024 (09:36:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1980.v1

Analysis of Characteristic Microorganisms Inside Household Washing Machines From Shanghai, China

Tong Chen, Shu Zhang, Juan Yang, Youran Li, Eiichi Kogure, Ye Zhu, Weiqi Xiong, Enhui Chen, Guiyang Shi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: household washing machines; microbial contamination; metagenomics; pathogenic bacteria; biofilm

Online: 1 December 2023 (03:11:19 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0030.v1

Household Representative Sample Strategy for COVID-19 Large-Scale Population Screening

John Takyi-Williams

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; group testing; household; screening

Online: 2 August 2020 (12:48:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1309.v1

The Intersection of Child’s Demographics, and Household Socioeconomic Status in the Multimorbidity of Malaria, Anaemia, and Malnutrition among Children 6–59 Months of Age in Nigeria

Phillips Edomwonyi Obasohan, Stephen J. Walters, Richard M Jacques, Khaled Khatab

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: multiple diseases; moderation effects; predictive margins; under-five; interactions; syndemic ;

Online: 19 April 2024 (08:12:13 CEST)

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Background/Purpose: Multimorbidity of malaria, anaemia, and malnutrition (MAMM) is a condition in which an individual cohabits with two or more of these health outcomes and is becoming an emergent public health concern in sub-Saharan African countries. The independent associations of a child’s demographic variables and socioeconomic disparities with a child’s health outcomes have been established in literature. However, the effects of the intersection of these factors on MAMM, while accounting for other covariates have not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to determine how children’s sex, age and socioeconomic status interact to explain the variations in MAMM among children aged 6-59 months in Nigeria. Methods: Data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey and the 2018 National Human Development Report (NHDR) were used. The study includes weighted samples of 10,184 children aged 6-59 months in Nigeria. A three-level multilevel mixed effect ordinal logistic regression model such that individual characteristics at level 1 are nested in communities at level 2 and nested in states at level 3 was used. Subsequently, predictive probability charts and average adjusted probability tables were used to interpret the intersectional effects. Five models were created in this scenario. Model 1 is the interaction between the child's sex and wealth status; model 2, child's sex and age; model 3 is between child's age and wealth status; model 4 has the three 2-way interactions of child's sex, age, and household wealth status, and model 5 includes model 4 and the 3-way interactions between a child's sex, age, and wealth quintiles. Results: The prevalence of children with ‘none of the three diseases’ outcomes was 17.3% (1767/10,184), while, 34.4% (3499/10,184) had ‘only one of the diseases’, and 48.3% (4,918/10,184) cohabit with ‘two or more’ of MAMM. However, in the multivariate analyses, model 3 was the best fit compared with other models, so, that the two-way interaction effects of a child's age and wealth status are significant predictors in the model. Children aged 36-47 months living in the poorest households have the probability of 0.11, 0.18, and 0.32 of contracting MAMM above the probability of children of the same age and live in the middle, more prosperous and richest households, respectively, while all other covariates are held constant. Thus, the variation in MAMM over a child's age differs depending on the household wealth quintile. In other words, as the children grow older, variations in MAMM become more evident between the rich and the poor household. Conclusion: Therefore, it is recommended that policies that are geared toward economic redistribution will help bridged the disparities observed in multiple diseases among children aged 6-59 months in Nigeria

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0771.v1

Challenges of Urologic Oncology in Low‐to‐Middle Income Countries

Sami E Majdalany, Mohit Butaney, Shane Tinsley, Nicholas Corsi, Sohrab Arora, Craig G Rogers, Firas Abdollah

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: LMIC; Incidence; Mortality; Trends

Online: 10 July 2024 (09:41:44 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0245.v1

Low-Income Fish Consumers' Subsidies to the Fish Reduction Industry

Aneori Neori, Moshe Agami

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: Keywords:; artisanal fishermen; natural food chain; anchovy; sardines; overfishing; poor families,; social justice; supply and price; fish market; fishmeal; fisherfolk

Online: 3 July 2024 (00:14:49 CEST)

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The forage fish, a crucial source of nutrition in developing countries, are unfortunately primarily used for fishmeal and aquafeed production for aquaculture that mainly serves consumers in developed countries. Industrial fish use leaves a meager portion of the catch for direct human consumption in the fish-producing countries, leading to inflated fish prices locally. Overfishing forage fish necessary to support the fish reduction industry disrupts the ecosystem, diminishes the catch of larger fish, such as mackerel, and marginalizes local artisanal fishermen. This article appraises roughly the financial and nutritional impacts of elevated fish prices on low-income consumers in forage fish-producing countries, drawing attention to the ethical implications of this situation. A hypothetical 10% boost in the annual supply of fresh forage fish to the current global supply of 5 million MT markets could save consumers hundreds of millions of US dollars globally, tens of mil-lions of US dollars nationally, and several dollars for a family while improving the nutrition of families that depend on forage fish. The numbers suggest that even a modest boost to the supply of forage fish in fresh fish markets could significantly benefit the fish-producing nations' consumers and the fish-producing nations. In some countries, such as South Africa, the orders of magnitude of these sums approach that of the entire local fish reduction industries' value. The increased fish prices could be considered involuntary subsidies by low-income consumers to the aquafeed and aquaculture industries. In summary, the reduction industry's and aquaculture's current use of captured forage fish warrants further scrutiny, as it inadvertently burdens disadvantaged societies financially and nutritionally. The article proposes alternative protein sources and cultivating non-carnivorous fish among several optional measures to ensure equitable distribution of forage fish resources.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1678.v1

Divided Continent: Unraveling the Roots of Income Polarization in Europe

Michele Fabiani

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Europe; Income Distrubution; Relative Distribution; RIF-regression

Online: 24 May 2023 (03:34:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0090.v1

Containing Volatility: Windfall Revenues for Resource-Rich Low-Income Countries

Octave Keutiben, Anton Dobronogov

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Economic growth; Foreign aid; Natural resources; Rent-seeking; Volatility

Online: 29 July 2016 (07:48:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0028.v1

Exploring Antibiotics Use in Community: A Household-Based Survey Using the Drug Bag Method in Rural Burkina Faso

Adélaïde Compaoré, ROUAMBA Toussaint, Bérenger Kaboré, Jan Jacobs, Koen Peeters Grietens, Salla Sariola

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Antibiotic use; drug bag method; community rural; Nanoro; Burkina Faso; AMR

Online: 2 August 2024 (05:20:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1101.v1

Role of point of care diagnostics in Lower-and Middle-income countries and austere environments

Feroz Abubaker Ganchi, Timothy Craig Hardcastle

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Diagnosis; Point-of-care; Mobile laboratory; imaging; LMIC

Online: 28 April 2023 (04:03:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0522.v1

Dementia Risk and Prevention in Low and Middle-income Country Settings – Focus on Tanzania Mainland

Charles Kakilla

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Dementia; prevalence; Tanzania; sustainable development goals

Online: 21 June 2021 (15:22:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0297.v1

Framework of Smart and Integrated Household Waste Management System: A Systematic Literature Review Using PRISMA

Yekti Wirani, Imairi Eitiveni, Yudho Giri Sucahyo

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: smart household waste management system; integrated household waste management system; household waste; framework; integrated sustainable waste management; PRISMA

Online: 7 May 2024 (02:43:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0427.v1

Adolescent Menstrual Health Literacy in Low, Middle and High-Income Countries: A Narrative Review

Kathryn Holmes, Christina Curry, Sherry Sherry, Tania Ferfolja, Kelly Parry, Caroline Smith, Mikayla Hyman, Mike Armour

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: menstrual health literacy; menstrual health education; menstrual hygiene management; menstruation; dysmenorrhea

Online: 21 January 2021 (15:02:47 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0354.v1

Maternal Mortality Ratio in Low Income Developing Countries-Focusing on Pakistan

Riffat Mehboob, Fridoon Jawad Ahmad, Syed Amir Gilani, Amber Hassan, Sidra Khalid, Javed Akram

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: maternal mortality; Pakistan; Millenium development goals; sustainable development goals; antenatal care

Online: 30 June 2020 (07:15:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0073.v1

Domestication or Encapsulation? Developing Coffee Culture Among Indonesia Middle-Class Income

Yayuk Yuliati, Mangku Purnomo

Subject: Social Sciences, Ethnic And Cultural Studies Keywords: coffee culture, domestication, creolization, encapsulation, and middle class

Online: 6 March 2019 (10:48:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0130.v1

Association between Anemia in Children 6 to 23 Months Old and Child, Mother, Household and Feeding Indicators

Alberto Prieto-Patron, Klazine Van der Horst, Zsuzsa V. Hutton, Patrick Detzel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: anemia; infancy and toddlerhood; low and middle-income countries; demographic and health survey; infant feeding; multilevel regression

Online: 9 July 2018 (11:14:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0808.v1

Psychological distress in Low Income and Economically Marginalized (LIEM) populations in India: Protective and Risk factors.

Dipti Singh, Shagufta Nasir, Juhi Sharma, Lydia Giménez-Llort, Mohammad Ghazi Shahnawaz

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: mental health; low-income and economic marginalization (LIEM); socioeconomic status; urban slum; gender; caste; intersectionality

Online: 12 December 2023 (05:55:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0388.v1

From Mises and Hayek to the Planned and Mixed Economy. Planning Criteria, Basic Income, Guaranteed Job

Yaroslav Stefanov

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: planned economy; distribution; market economy; convergence; Mises; Hayek; universal basic income; guaranteed job

Online: 22 November 2021 (12:04:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0629.v1

The Impact of Household Dynamics on Land Use Change in China: Past Experiences and Future Implications

Yaxue Luo, Ruishan Chen, Bo Xiong, Nan Jia, Xiaona Guo, Chenglong Yin, Wen Song

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: population structure; household structure; housing demands; land use change

Online: 8 December 2023 (13:37:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0172.v1

The Effect of Productive Safety Net Programme on Household Food Consumption and Dietary Diversity in Ethiopia

Mebratu Feyisa

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: PSNP; household food consumption; household dietary diversity; random effect; instrumental variable

Online: 11 October 2021 (17:15:51 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0654.v1

Gender Disparities in Arkansas, and Income Disparities in the US for the PPP Loan Program

Shakil Rafi

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: PPP Loans, Economic Disparity, Gender Disparity

Online: 11 September 2023 (09:39:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0062.v1

Air Transportation Income and Price Elasticities in Remote Areas: The Case of Brazilian Amazon Region

Rodrigo Vieira Ventura, Manoela Cabo, Rafael Caixeta, Elton Fernandes, Vicente A. Fernandes

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Marketing Keywords: Air transportation; Brazilian Amazon; Demand; Elasticity; Isolated cities

Online: 5 July 2020 (10:26:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0306.v1

Farmers’ Net Income Distribution and Regional Vulnerability to Climate Change: An Empirical Study of Bangladesh

Md. Shah Alamgir, Jun Furuya, Shintaro Kobayashi, Mostafiz Rubaiya Binte, Md. Abdus Salam

Subject: Social Sciences, Decision Sciences Keywords: income distribution; cost distribution; vulnerable region; adaptation measures; Bangladesh

Online: 22 May 2018 (12:54:33 CEST)

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Widespread poverty is the most serious threat and social problem that Bangladesh faces. Regional vulnerability to climate change threatens to escalate the magnitude of this poverty. It is essential that projections of poverty be made while bearing in mind the effects of climate change. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the agrarian sub-national regional analysis of climate change vulnerability in Bangladesh under various climate change scenarios and its potential impact on poverty. This study is relevant to socio-economic research on climate change vulnerability and agriculture risk management and has the potential to contribute new insights to the complex interactions in household income and climate change risks to agricultural communities in Bangladesh and South Asia. The current study uses analysis of variance, cluster analysis, decomposition of variance and log-normal distribution to estimate the parameters of income variability that ascertain vulnerability levels and help us to understand the poverty levels that climate change could potentially incur. It is found that the income share in income sources revealed that income category shares across the various regions of Bangladesh are far from uniform. The variance decomposition of income showed that agricultural income in Mymensingh and Rangpur is the main cause of income difference. Moreover, large variance of agricultural income in the regions is induced by gross income from rice production. Additionally, constant reduction of rice yield due to climate change in Bangladesh is not such a severe problem for farmers, however, the extreme events like flood, flash flood, drought, sea level rise, and greenhouse gas emission based on RCPs could increase the poverty rates in Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Barisal, and Khulna regions that would be highly affected by unexpected yield loss due to extreme climatic events. Therefore, research and development of adaptation measures to climate change for regions where farmers are largely dependent on agricultural income is important.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0082.v1

Comparative Physicochemical and Microbiological Qualities of Source and Stored Household Waters in Some Selected Communities in Southwestern Nigeria

Mary A. Bisi-Johnson, Kehinde A. Adediran, Saheed A. Akinola, Elizabeth O. Popoola, Anthony I. Okoh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: water; physical; chemical; microbiological; quality; household; stored; source

Online: 14 March 2017 (10:49:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2004.v1

System Dynamics Model of Decentralized Household Electricity Storage Implementation. Case Study of Latvia

Armands Gravelsins, Erlanda Atvare, Edgars Kudurs, Anna Kubule, Dagnija Blumberga

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: battery energy storage; energy management; household consumption; solar panels; system dynamics

Online: 30 August 2023 (08:18:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0349.v1

Effectiveness of Household Disinfection Techniques to Remove SARS-Cov-2 from Cloth Masks

Maria Angélica Monteiro de Mello Mares-Guia, Anne Aline Pereira Paiva, Vinicius Motta Mello, Cristiane M. Eller, Andreza Lemos Salvio, Felipe F. Nascimento, Emanuelle S. R. F. Silva, Vinicius Tadeu Martins Guerra Campos, Ygara da Silva Mendes, Elba Regina Sampaio Lemos, Ivanildo P. Sousa Jr., Marco Aurélio Pereira Horta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; reuse fabric masks; disinfection

Online: 25 July 2022 (05:26:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0074.v1

A Review of Future Household Waste Management for Sustainable Environment in Malaysian Cities

Kin Meng Cheng, Jia Yue Tan, Shen Yuong Wong, Ah Choo Koo, Elyna Amir Sharji

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: Household waste; household waste management; sustainable city; integrated waste management model; Malaysia cities

Online: 6 May 2022 (10:27:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0142.v1

Finance Digitization in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: An Empirical Investigation and Prediction of Future Outcomes

Ladi Busuyi Daodu, Amiya Bhaumik

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: digitalisation; global; fintech; mobile money; financial inclusion

Online: 4 December 2023 (07:44:29 CET)

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Previous studies have suggested that digitization of finance leads to growth in the economy in several middle- and high-income countries, but research in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs) remains limited. This research aimed to examine the trends, barriers, relationships, and prospects of finance digitization in LLMICs. This study used analytical and descriptive cross-sectional study designs. Sixty-six countries were purposively selected based on the available data on the Global Findex and the World Development Indicators databases. Descriptive analysis was used to identify the trends in the finance digitization indicators, correlation analysis was used to assess the nature of the association between finance digitization and the economy, and exponential smoothing was used to predict future outcomes in digital finance. The results indicated that the adoption and utilization of finance digitization increased in these countries, but the growth rates varied by region and income group. Low-income countries reported the highest rates of subscriptions to digital finance accounts and storing money in digital accounts, while lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) reported higher rates of inbound/outbound digital transactions, borrowings, and savings using digital channels. Sub-Saharan Africa reported the highest rates of digital finance account subscriptions, digital savings, and digital borrowings, while Europe and Central Asia reported the highest rates of in/out digital transactions. Barriers to digitization in these countries included poor access to the internet, high cost of digital finance products, and lack of a mobile phone, with low-income countries facing more challenges. The analysis revealed a negative significant relationship between finance digitization and Gross National Income growth and a positive significant correlation between finance digitization and other economic growth indicators (gross savings and Gross Domestic Product). Finance digitization was predicted to continue to rise in these countries for the next decade. The study recommended that policymakers should promote the adoption of digital finance and address the barriers and risks of finance digitization in LLMICs, as it had positive effects on economic growth.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0253.v1

Associations between Developing Sexuality and Mental Health in Heterosexual Adolescents: Evidence from Lower- and Middle-Income Countries

Neelam Punjani, Elizabeth Papathanassoglou, Kathy Hegadoren, Saima Hirani, Zubia Mumtaz, Margot Jackson

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: Sexuality; Mental Health; Adolescents; Experiences; Low and middle-income countries

Online: 18 January 2022 (10:47:22 CET)

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During puberty and emerging sexuality, adolescents experience important physical, mental, and social transformations. In the process of dealing with these changes, adolescents can become potentially vulnerable to mental health problems.The aim was to identify and synthesize published research evidence on sexuality-related mental health stressors among adolescent girls and boys, identify gaps (if any) in current knowledge, and contribute to knowledge about the experiences of emerging sexuality and health among adolescents, to further inform research, practice, and policy initiatives in sexual health.A scoping literature review of peer-reviewed articles published between 1990 and 2018. MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Global health, ERIC, and Sociological Abstracts databases were searched for research studies that reported experiences of sexuality related mental health issues and symptomatology of adolescents. We targeted studies conducted with adolescent populations between ages 11-24 years living in LMICs.Data from 12 published research papers, including 8 qualitative studies, 3 quantitative studies, and 1 mixed method study, were systematically analyzed. Four major themes and 4 sub themes were identified regarding sexual health and mental health of adolescents: 1) Relationship of sexuality and mental health; 2) Social and cultural influences; 3) Challenges in seeking sexuality information and services among adolescents; and 4) Educational needs among adolescents related to sexuality; and 4) Educational needs among adolescents related to sexuality. Lack of social support, Unmet needs for accessible adolescent friendly sexual health services, counseling, and age-appropriate information may be associated with several mental health stressors and symptoms, such as sadness, depressive and anxiety symptomatology, regret, fear, embarrassment, low self-esteem, guilt, shame, and anger. Therefore, tackling sexuality-related stressors could play an important role in addressing the overall wellbeing of young people. Future studies need to generate a deeper understanding of the concept of sexual health and its relation to mental health in diverse contexts. Health care professionals need to be aware of sexuality-related experiences of adolescent girls and boys by offering effective youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health education to support overall mental health and improve the experiences of emerging sexuality in adolescents.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0404.v3

Exploring Corporate Tax Avoidance: Effects on Comprehensive Budget Income – a Practical Analysis

Yazan Abu Huson, Mohammad Alqudah, Nader Mohammad Aljawarneh, Abdallah Mishael Obeidat

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Tax evasion; Public revenue; Public expenses; Tax rates; Budget deficit; Overall Budget; Taxation

Online: 14 August 2024 (00:19:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0995.v1

GDP and Household Food Waste in the Digital Era: How E-Commerce Can Transform European Sustainability Practices

Adrian Daniel Gencia, Ioana Mihaela Balan

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: e-commerce; household food waste; regions; Europe; GDP; 2030 Agenda SDGs

Online: 15 May 2024 (12:29:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1638.v1

Population Aging and Household Tourism Consumption——An Empirical Study Based on China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) Data

Xing Cai, Yinhe Zhang

Subject: Social Sciences, Tourism, Leisure, Sport And Hospitality Keywords: population aging; household tourism consumption; intergenerational care; Internet use

Online: 23 May 2023 (10:26:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0014.v1

Effect of Traditional Household Processes on Iron, Zinc and Copper Bioaccessibility in Black Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)

Sabrina Feitosa, Ralf Greiner, Ann-Katrin Meinhardt, Alexandra Müller, Deusdélia T. Almeida, Clemens Posten

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: beans; iron, zinc and copper bioaccessibility; myo-inositol phosphates; anti-nutrients; polyphenols; household processing

Online: 2 July 2018 (13:19:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1314.v1

Do Low-Income Consumers of Forage Fish Subsidize the Production of Aquafeeds? Financial and Nutritional Significance

Amir Neori

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: ; overfishing; poor families, fisherfolk, fishmeal; natural food chain; anchovy; sardines; social justice; supply and price; fish market ;

Online: 22 February 2024 (12:21:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0760.v1

Why is the Income Impact of Farmland Transfer Inconsistent Between Transferred-Out and Transferred-in Households?

Lian Ke, Shan Cheng, Diqiang Chen, Ying Li

Subject: Social Sciences, Area Studies Keywords: farmland transfer; income effect; external constraints; transferred-out households; transferred-in households

Online: 23 April 2023 (04:10:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0262.v1

COVID-19 and the ‘Ethics of Disruption’: Current Dilemmas Facing Longitudinal Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Gina Crivello, Marta Favara

Subject: Social Sciences, Ethnic And Cultural Studies Keywords: research ethics; longitudinal methodology; youth; phone survey; COVID-19; low- and middle-income countries

Online: 21 June 2020 (11:17:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0026.v1

The Financial Toxicity of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment in Low Middle-Income Countries

Nabil Elhadi Omar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Advanced Hepatocellular carcinoma; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Low middle-income countries; Financial Toxicity

Online: 1 December 2022 (10:33:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0619.v1

Feasibility of Zero Energy Multi-Family Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) Developments

Armin Jeddi Yeganeh, Philip R. Agee, Xinghua Gao, Andrew P. McCoy

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: Affordable housing; Cost-benefit analysis; Monte Carlo simulation; Solar energy

Online: 25 July 2020 (18:03:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1682.v1

Effects of the Minimum Wage (MW) on Income Inequality. Systematic Review and Analysis of the Spanish Case

Manuela A. de Paz-Báñez, Celia Sánchez-López, María José Asensio-Coto

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Other Keywords: minimum wage; MW; inequality; poverty; systematic review; PRISMA; Difference-in-differences; Spain

Online: 25 June 2024 (09:58:45 CEST)

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Background. The minimum wage has become a standard measure in economic and social policies of countries all over the world and it directly or indirectly affects between 20% and 30% of the labour force. The primary objective of this measure is to guarantee that workers receive a minimum wage that allows them to lead a decent life, thereby reducing inequality and poverty. However, studies on the minimum wage have not focused on assessing the effects on these dimensions, but on employment, anticipating a negative effect (in line with the traditional theory of perfect competition), which they have been unable to substantiate. Objectives and Methods. The objective of this study is to address this research gap by analysing the effects of minimum wage increases on income inequality and poverty. To this end, firstly, a systematic review of the empirical analyses was conducted using the PRISMA methodology, with a view to ensuring that all empirical evidence was available. Secondly, the Spanish case was examined. As the significant increase in minimum wage in Spain in 2019 (21,3% in real terms) presents an invaluable opportunity to utilise this event as a natural experiment to generate new evidence, a difference-in-differences approach was employed to assess the impact of this phenomenon. Results. In relation to the first objective, a number of non-exhaustive and outdated literature reviews have been identified, which have been subjected to a critical review. In addition, a total of 31 articles that empirically analysed this relationship in recent years (2020-2024) have been included. The available evidence indicates a clear inverse relationship between the minimum wage and inequalities and poverty. Regarding the Spanish case, there has been a dearth of scientific studies on this subject, particularly in the context of the significant increase observed in 2019, which makes this article of particular relevance. The results are statistically significant, demonstrating an increase of approximately 18% in annual gross income among low-income households, relative to the control group. Furthermore, there is evidence of a spillover effect and a lighthouse effect towards income groups closer to the treatment group. This suggests that the minimum wage increase has a positive impact on the income of workers earning just above the new minimum and even below it. This result is consistent with the existing literature, which shows that minimum wage increases have a positive effect on the income of workers earning slightly above or below the new minimum. Scientific contribution. In doing so, two new basic scientific contributions were made: a systematic, exhaustive, and up-to-date literature review (up to June 2024), as there is, to our knowledge, no recent systematic review of this relationship (minimum wage vs. inequality). Then, the introduction of new scientific evidence demonstrating that a significant increase in the minimum wage can significantly improve the income of low-wage earners without the adverse effects that would otherwise disrupt this positive effect, thereby reducing income inequality and poverty. As a limitation of the study, it would be desirable to delve deeper into other aspects not analysed here, such as the effects on productivity and consumption. Furthermore, it has not been possible to analyse the medium and long-term effects, due to data limitations. Nevertheless, there is evidence that inequality and poverty are on a downward path.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1652.v1

Reducing Inequality in the Greenhouse Tomato Supply Chain Through Income Generating from Composting and Recycling of Waste

Hatice Türkten

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: Income inequality; sustainable tomato supply chain; waste composting and recycling; profit distribution

Online: 24 August 2023 (03:29:12 CEST)

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Investigating the potential impact of composting and recycling waste on income distribution are crucial to promote a fairer and more sustainable fresh tomato supply chain (FTSC). Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential of gaining extra income from recycling tomatoes waste generated along the FTSC and to calculate the contribution of extra income from recycling tomato waste to reduce income inequality along the FTSC. Data were collected from 136 greenhouse tomato producers, 60 wholesalers, 18 exporters, 120 domestic retailers, 22 overseas retailers, and 3 recycling facilities in Türkiye. Marketing cost, absolute marketing margin, relative marketing margin and net profit margin were used when economically analyzing the FTSCs. Research results showed that the net profit share of the producer decreased associated with the increasing number of intermediaries. Research results also showed that revenue gained from composting and recycling of product loss and waste increased the welfare of greenhouse producer more than other supply chain actors. When taking into account the revenue from composting and recycling of wastes, producers increased their net profit by 9.85% at first FTSC, while that of second and third FTSCs were 8.29% and 9.21%, respectively comparing to the prevailing conditions. The contribution of extra revenue from composting and recycling of wastes to retailers was more comparing wholesaler and exporter. Retailers and wholesalers gaining from recycling in domestic FTSCs was more comparing to overseas one. Close cooperation between producers, wholesalers, exporters, retailers, and recycling facilities is essential for the effective implementation of waste recycling initiatives. Organizing the training and education programs focused on waste management can increase the extra income of producers and active intermediaries in FTSC from composting and recycling tomato wastes. Offering financial incentives, grants, or subsidies can encourage producers and other actors within the supply chain to adopt waste recycling practices. Continuous research and innovation are crucial in identifying and developing new technologies, processes, and strategies to minimize food loss and waste. Dominating fair-trade practices to ensure that all FTSC actors may balance the income distribution among FTSC actors.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1273.v1

Valuation of the Water Protection Function of Forest Territories and Income Allocation: a Case Study of Bulgaria

Nevena Shuleva, Konstantin Kolev

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: forest ecosystem services; rental income; wood production function of forests; water protection and regulation function of forests

Online: 18 May 2023 (05:18:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0384.v1

Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight Low-Income Schoolchildren: A Complex System Perspective

Thaynã Bezerra, Anastácio Souza Filho, Natália Quirino, Paulo Bandeira, Luciana Cabral, Cézane Reuter, Clarice Martins, Ferdinando Carvalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Cardiovascular factors; Network analysis; Obese children; Physical activity; Sedentary behaviour.

Online: 22 February 2023 (10:45:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0153.v2

The Impact of Corona Pandemic on Consumer’s Food Consumption – Vulnerability of Households with Children and Income Losses

Adriano Profeta, Shahida Siddiqui, Sergiy Smetana, Mahdi Hossaini, Sophie Hieke, Ulrich Enneking, Volker Heinz, Christian Kircher

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: Covid-19; consumer behaviour; food

Online: 13 January 2021 (11:06:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0412.v1

Capturing household structure and mobility within and between remote Aboriginal communities in northern Australia using longitudinal data: A pilot study

Jessie J Goldsmith, Patricia T Campbell, Juan Pablo Villanueva Cabezas, Rebecca H Chisholm, Melita McKinnon, George G Gurruwiwi, Roslyn G Dhurrkay, Alfred M Dockery, Nicholas Geard, Steven YC Tong, Jodie McVernon, Katherine B Gibney

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Aboriginal; Indigenous; contact patterns; household structure; disease transmission; household model, human mobility.

Online: 24 August 2022 (05:21:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1045.v1

Economic Viability Investigation of Mixed Biomass Briquettes Made from Agricultural Residues for Household Cooking Use

Bill Vaneck Bot, Petros J. Axaopoulos, Evangelos I. Sakellariou, Olivier Thierry Sosso, Jean Gaston Tamba

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: cost evaluation; mixed briquettes; conventional fuels; life cycle cost; household use

Online: 15 August 2023 (08:04:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0794.v1

Effect of the Household Type on the Prevalence of Climacteric Syndrome Among Middle-aged Men

Doh Hee Kim, Seunghee Lee, Mijung Jang, KyooSang Kim

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Households type; climacteric syndrome; middle aged; dietary factors

Online: 12 July 2023 (11:10:14 CEST)

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