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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1137.v1

V2G Strategies to Flatten the Daily Load Curve in Seoul, South Korea

Sangbong Choi, Changsoo Kim, Backsub Sung

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: V2G strategie; daily load curve; charging location; discharging location; time-of-use (TOU); system marginal price (SMP)

Online: 28 April 2023 (07:25:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0192.v1

Evaluation of the Daily Load Curve by Taking V2G of PEVs into Consideration

Sangbong Choi, Chang soo Kim, Back sub Sung

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Charging location; Discharging location; Time of Use(TOU); System Marginal Price(SMP)

Online: 10 November 2022 (05:59:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1061.v1

Enhancing Reliability in Wind Turbine Power Curve Estimation

Pere Marti-Puig, José Ángel Hernández, Jordi Solé-Casals, Moisès Serra-Serra

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Wind Power Curve Modeling; Artificial neural networks (ANN); Wind Turbine (WT); SCADA Data.; Industrial AI

Online: 19 February 2024 (12:24:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0213.v1

Quasi Cubic Trigonometric Curve and Surface

Guicang Zhang, Kai Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Quasi Extended Chebyshev space; optimal normalized totally positive basis; high-order continuity; shape preserving; shape features

Online: 18 October 2019 (11:33:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0890.v1

Heat Load Development and Heat Map Sensitivity Analysis for Civil Aero-Engines

Alireza Ebrahimi, Soheil Jafari, Theoklis Nikolaidis

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Thermal Management System; Heat Loads; Aero Engines

Online: 15 March 2024 (08:55:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1060.v1

On the Interconnection of the Intelligent Electrical Grids and Load Forecasting Issues

Sulokoka Mario, Zervas Orfeas, Charalambos Elias, Panagiotis K. Gkonis, Eleftherios Tsampasis

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Smart Grid; Renewable Energy Sources; Electric Load Forecast; Intelligent Electric Networks.

Online: 20 February 2024 (04:02:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0090.v1

Clustering and Curve Fitting by Line Segments

Hrishikesh D. Vinod, Fred Viole

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: clustering; curve fitting; nonparametric regression; smoothing data; polynomial approximation

Online: 10 January 2018 (09:48:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0164.v1

Determination of Critical Damage Size of Inclined Waterproof Coal Pillar under Asymmetric Load

Xingping Lai, Xiaoqian Yuchi, Helong Gu, Pengfei Shan, Wenhua Yang

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: Inclined coal seam; Asymmetric loading; Waterproof coal pillar; Critical size

Online: 2 April 2024 (05:35:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1525.v1

A Hybrid Stacking Model for Enhanced Short-Term Load Forecasting

Fusen Guo, Huadong Mo, Jianzhang Wu, Lei Pan, Hailing Zhou, Zhibo Zhang, Lin Li, Fengling Huang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Smart Grid; Short Term Load Forecasting; Deep Learning; Stacking Approach; Time Series Analysis

Online: 24 June 2024 (04:24:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0356.v1

Learning-Based Non-Intrusive Electric Load Monitoring for Smart Energy Management

Nian He, Dengfeng Liu, Zhichen Zhang, Zhiquan Lin, Tiesong Zhao, Yiwen Xu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Smart City; Smart Electric Energy Management; Electric Load Monitoring; Load Recognition Algorithm; Computer Vision

Online: 4 April 2024 (08:13:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0619.v3

Predicting Wealth using Intelligent Quotient, Emotional Awareness, and Culture

Azad Kabir, Raeed Kabir

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: Wealth curve; Intelligence quotient (IQ); Emotional Intelligence (EI); Emotional Awareness (EA)

Online: 23 April 2023 (06:05:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0269.v1

Wind Turbine Power Curve Upgrades

Davide Astolfi, Francesco Castellani, Ludovico Terzi

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: wind energy; wind turbines; SCADA; retrofitting; performance evaluation

Online: 20 April 2018 (14:11:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0939.v1

Linear Drucker-Prager Yield Criterion Calibration for Polypropylene under Multiaxial Load

Adam Kasprzak

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: finite element modeling; static testing; tensile testing; compressive testing; validation; Drucker-Prager

Online: 13 August 2024 (14:20:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1524.v1

Global Dynamics of Environmental Kuznets Curve: A Cross-Correlation Analysis of Income and CO2 Emissions

Dora Almeida, Luísa Carvalho, Paulo Ferreira, Andreia Dionísio, Inzamam Ul Haq

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Environmental Kuznets curve; CO2 emissions; Economic growth; Cross-correlation analysis; Income levels; Sustainable development

Online: 19 July 2024 (06:35:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1288.v1

Altered Functional Connectivity during Mild Transient Respiratory Impairment Induced by a Resistive Load

Akiko Yorita, Tomotaka Kawayama, Masayuki Inoue, Takashi Kinoshita, Hanako Oda, Yoshihisa Tokunaga, Takahisa Tateishi, Yoshihisa Shoji, Naohisa Uchimura, Toshi Abe, Tomoaki Hoshino, Takayuki Taniwaki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: resting state; functional connectivity; transient respiratory impairment; resistive load; effort breathing

Online: 21 March 2024 (14:10:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0084.v1

Design and Development of Miniature Measuring Instrument for Parachute Cords Dynamic Load for Stepless Parachute Opening

Liang Wei, Zhao Xin, Wu Peng Peng, Li Yu Xin, Lv Shuai

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: stepless parachute opening; finite element analysis; real-time measurement; wireless data transmission; static calibration

Online: 2 September 2024 (09:56:14 CEST)

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Spacecraft recovery technology is crucial in the field of aerospace, in which the parachute plays a key role in slowing down the descent speed of the spacecraft and realizing a smooth landing. In order to construct a dynamically adjustable parachute deployment strategy, it is necessary to measure the parachute dynamic load accurately in real time. However, the existing sensor measurement scheme is difficult to meet the measurement requirements due to its large structure and complex wiring. In order to meet the current demand for real-time measurement of parachute cords dynamic load, a miniature measuring instrument is designed.According to the function and technical requirements of the miniature measuring instrument, the hardware modules of the acquisition system are selected and designed, and the integration debugging and performance optimization of the microcontroller module, A/D sampling module, signal acquisition circuit and power supply module are carried out. The software of the parachute cords tension acquisition system based on the miniature measuring instrument is developed. The elastomer is modeled by using SolidWorks and statically analyzed by using AnsysWorkbench finite element analysis software. Then the final structure of the elastomer and the pasting position of the strain gage are determined through the results analysis as well as experimental verification. The hardware module of the signal acquisition system for the miniature measuring instrument is then encapsulated. The force value of the miniature measuring instrument is calibrated and tested many times by using the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine. The experimental results show that the designed miniature measuring instrument has accurate data, strong stability and good real-time performance, which meets the demand for real-time accurate measurement of miniature measuring instrument, and can provide reliable data for parachute cords parameter validation and stepless unfolding design.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1344.v1

Enhanced Sequence-to-Sequence Deep Transfer Learning for Day-Ahead Electricity Load Forecasting

Vasileios Laitsos, Georgios Vontzos, Apostolos Tsiovoulos, Dimitrios Bargiotas, Lefteri H. Tsoukalas

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Deep Transfer Learning; Electricity Load Forecasting; Multilayer Perceptron; Convolutional Neural Network; Ensemble Deep Learning; Multi-task Deep Learning; Exploratory Data Analysis

Online: 19 April 2024 (15:58:08 CEST)

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Electricity load forecasting is a crucial undertaking within all the deregulated markets globally. In contemporary times, the transition from conventional electricity grids to Smart Grids constitutes an area where extensive research is conducted on a global scale. Among the research challenges, the investigation of Deep Transfer Learning (DTL) in the field of electricity load forecasting represents a fundamental effort that imparts generality to Artificial Intelligence applications, due to new capabilities, such as knowledge transfer and computational power reduction. In this paper a comprehensive study is conducted for day-ahead electricity load forecasting. For this purpose, three Sequence-to-Sequence (Seq2seq) Deep Learning (DL) models are used, namely the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the Ensemble Learning Model (ELM), which is consisted of the weighted combination of the outputs of MLP and CNN models. Also, the study focuses on the development of different forecasting strategies based on DTL and emphasizing the way the datasets are trained and fine-tuning for higher forecasting accuracy. In order to implement the forecasting strategies using Deep Learning models, load datasets from three Greek islands, Rhodes, Lesvos, and Chios, are used. The main purpose is to apply DTL for day-ahead predictions (1-24 hours) for each month of the year for Chios dataset after training and fine-tuning the models using the datasets of the three islands in various combinations. After several trials, four DTL strategies are illustrated. In the first strategy (DTL Case 1), each of the three DL models is trained using only Lesvos dataset, while fine-tuning is performed on the dataset of Chios island, in order to create day-ahead predictions for Chios load. In the second strategy (DTL Case 2), data from both Lesvos and Rhodes concurrently are used for the DL model training period, and fine-tuning is performed on the data from Chios. The third DTL strategy (DTL Case 3) contains the training of the DL models using Lesvos dataset, and the testing period performed directly on the Chios dataset without fine-tuning. The fourth strategy is a Multi-task Deep Learning (MTDL) approach, which has been extensively studied in recent years. In MTDL, the three DL models are trained simultaneously on all three datasets and the final predictions are made on the unknown part of the dataset of Chios. In this paper, we explore the performance of DTL and compare the results with those produced with MTDL. The results demonstrated that DTL can be applied with high efficiency for day-ahead load forecasting. Specifically, the two cases with fine-tuning (DTL Case 1 and 2) outperformed MTDL in terms of load prediction accuracy. Regarding the DL models, all three exhibit very high prediction accuracy, especially in the two cases with fine-tuning. The ELM excels compared to the single models. More specifically, for conducting day-ahead predictions, it has been concluded that the MLP model presents best monthly forecasts with a MAPE of 6.24% and 6.01% for the first two cases, the CNN model presents best monthly forecasts with a MAPE of 5.57% and 5.60% respectively and the ELM model achieves best monthly forecasts with a MAPE of 5.29% and 5.31%, respectively, indicating the very high accuracy it can achieve.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0955.v5

Decaying Turbulence as a Fractal Curve

Alexander Migdal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Turbulence; Fractal; Anomalous dissipation; Fixed point; Velocity circulation; Loop Equations

Online: 6 July 2023 (10:17:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1157.v1

Advancing Electric Load Forecasting: Leveraging Federated Learning for Distributed, Non-Stationary, and Discontinuous Time Series

Lucas Richter, Steve Lenk, Peter Bretschneider

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Federated Learning; Load Forecasting; Non-Stationary And Discontinous Time Series; Renewable Energy Community; Dynamic Portfolio

Online: 17 May 2024 (11:36:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0082.v1

Analysis of Inflection and Singular Points on Parametric Curve with a Shape Factor

Zhi Liu, Chen Li, Jieqing Tan, Xiaoyan Chen

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: shape factor; singular points; inflection points; local convexity; global convexity

Online: 23 September 2016 (08:04:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0144.v1

Statistical Study on Crash Frequency Model Using GNB Models of Freeway Sharp Horizontal Curve Based on Interactive Influence of 3 Explanatory Variables

Yanjie Zeng, Xiaofei Wang, Lineng Liu, Xinwei Li, Caifeng Jiang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: freeway; crash prediction model (CPM); sharp horizontal curve segment (SHCS); interactive influence among three explanatory variables; generalized negative binomial (GNB)

Online: 15 August 2016 (09:47:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1251.v1

Improved Curve–Flattening for Flexible Space Robotics

Wenxin Li, Timothy Sands

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: robotics; flexible; control; structural filter; space robotics

Online: 30 April 2023 (03:39:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0435.v1

Flattening the Curve of Flexible Space Robotics

Timothy Sands

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: robotics; monitoring; repair; replace; infrastructure; space robotics; flexible; structural-controls interaction; trajectory shaping

Online: 28 January 2022 (12:12:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0176.v1

Bézier Curve Modeling for Neutrosophic Data Problem

Ferhat Taş, Selçuk Topal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: neutrosophic sets; neutrosophic logic; bézier curve

Online: 27 April 2017 (02:54:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1464.v1

Design of a Novel Intraoperative Sensor for Load Balancing and Tracking during Total Knee Replacements

Samira Al-Nasser, Siamak Noroozi, Adrian Harvey

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: joint force measuring; soft tissue balancing; intraoperative sensors; artificial intelligence; total knee replacement

Online: 23 April 2024 (13:14:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0066.v1

The Effects of Load on Transmural Differences in Contraction of Isolated Mouse Ventricular Cardiomyocytes

Anastasia Khokhlova, Gentaro Iribe, Leonid Katsnelson, Keiji Naruse, Olga Solovyova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: ventricular transmural heterogeneity; cellular mechanics; load dependency; calcium transient; mechano-calcium feedback

Online: 13 December 2016 (09:49:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0806.v1

The Impact of Forest Quality on Carbon Emission: A Study of China based on Environmental Kuznets Curve

Yuwen Zhang, Xiaolan Wu, Shengyuan Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Forest quality; Environmental Kuznets Curve; Symbiotic System; Emission Reduction Pathway

Online: 10 September 2024 (11:13:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0497.v1

Evaluation of Mis-Selection of Boundary Vertebrae and Its Effect on Measuring Cobb Angle and Curve Length in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

José Hurtado-Avilés, Vicente J. León-Muñoz, Fernando Santonja-Medina, Paolo Raimondi, Francisco Martínez-Martínez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Cobb angle; measurement errors; radiographic Assessment; spine curvature

Online: 7 June 2024 (15:16:27 CEST)

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The Cobb angle is critical in assessing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the error in selecting the cranial and caudal limit vertebrae on AIS digital X-rays of experienced and novice observers and its correlation with the error in measuring the Cobb angle and determining the length of the scoliotic curves. Using the TraumaMeter v.873 software, eight raters (four experienced and four novices) independently evaluated 68 scoliotic curves on 42 AIS X-rays across three sessions one month apart according to Hopkins’ criteria of absolute reliability. Two spine specialist experts using the Cobb method established the gold standard measurements. The percentage of error in the selection of the cranial vertebrae (the most-tilted vertebra above the apex) is higher than in the caudal vertebrae (the most-tilted vertebrae below the apex) (44.7%, CI95% 41.05-48.3 compared to 35%, CI95% 29.7-40.4). The error in the choice of the most tilted vertebrae, in number of vertebrae per scoliotic curve, was MBE (mean bias error) =0.45, CI95% 0.38-0.52 in the cranial and MBE=0.35, CI% 0.69-0.91 in the caudal. The percentage of errors in the choice of boundary vertebrae is lower for the experienced than for the novices, both in cranial and caudal. The experienced chose at least one boundary vertebrae incorrectly in 52% of the meas-urements and the novices in 65.1%. The error in the Cobb angle did not depend on the number of boundary vertebrae chosen incorrectly (r=0.198, p=0.111). Of the 50% of Cobb angle measurements closest to the actual value, 55.4% (454) were obtained by incorrectly selecting at least one boundary vertebra. There was a positive correlation (r=0.673, p=0.000) between the error in selecting the boundary vertebrae and the error in determining the length of the scoliotic curves. The error in quantifying the length of scoliotic curves was MBE=0.43, CI95% 0.35-0.51 vertebrae per curve. We can conclude that errors in selecting boundary vertebrae are common among experienced and novice observers, with a greater frequency of error in the cranial vertebrae. There is no correlation between the error in selecting the boundary vertebrae and the error in measuring the Cobb angle. Contrary to the consensus, the accuracy of determining the length of the scoliotic curve is limited by the Cobb method’s reliance on the correct selection of boundary vertebrae. Inappropriate choice of boundary vertebrae leads to an estimated error in determining the length of the scoliotic curves of 0.805 vertebrae for each boundary vertebra chosen incorrectly.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0391.v1

24-Step Short-term Power Load Forecasting Model Utilizing KOA-BiTCN-BiGRU-Attentions

Mingshen Xu, Wanli Liu, Shijie Wang, Jingjia Tian, Peng Wu, Congjiu Xie

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: dual carbon target; load forecasting; KOA; BiTCN-BiGRU-Attention

Online: 4 July 2024 (11:18:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1731.v1

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Prepreg-RTM Co-Curing Molding Composite Bolted T-joint under Bending Load

Tao Zhang, Zhitao Luo, Kenan Li, Xiaoquan Cheng

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: polymer composites; T-joint; prepreg-RTM co-curing molding; bending performance; finite element analysis; failure analysis

Online: 29 February 2024 (10:59:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0235.v1

Impact of Fruit Load on the Replenishment Dynamics of Internal Water Reserves in Olive Trees

Efthymios Kokkotos, Anastasios Zotos, Vassilios Triantafyllidis, Angelos Patakas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: nocturnal sap flow; replenishment of internal reserves; alternate bearing; olive tree water relations

Online: 5 March 2024 (05:57:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0051.v1

Search for QPOs in the Light Curve of the Blazar OJ287: Preliminary Results from 2015/16 Observing Campaign

S. Zola, M. Valtonen, G. Bhatta, A. Goyal, B. Debski, A. Baran, J. Krzesinski, M. Siwak, S. Ciprini, A. Gopakumar, H. Jermak, K. Nilsson, D. Reichart, K. Matsumoto, K. Sadakane, K. Gazeas, M. Kidger, V. Piirola, F. Alicavus, K.S. Baliyan, A. Berdyugin, D. Boyd, M. Campas Torrent, F. Campos, J. Carrillo Gomez, D.B. Caton, V. Chavushyan, J. Dalessio, D. Dimitrov, M. Drozdz, A. Erdem, A. Escartin Perez, V. Fallah Ramazani, A.V. Filippenko, F. Garcia, F. Gomez Pinilla, M. Gopinathan, J.B. Haislip, J. Harmanen, G. Hurst, K.M. Ivarsen, M. Jelinek, A. Joshi, M. Kagitani, N. Kaur, N. Karaman, W.C. Keel, A.P. LaCluyze, B.C. Lee, E. Lindfors, J. Lozano De Haro, J.P. Moore, R. Naves Nogues, A.W. Neely, R.H. Nelson, W. Ogloza, S. Okano, J.C. Pandey, M. Perri, P. Pihajoki, G. Poyner, J. Provencal, T. Pursimo, A. Raj, R. Reinthal, S. Sadegi, T. Sakanoi, J.-L. Salto Gonzales, T. Schweyer, F.C. Soldan Alfaro, E. Sonbas, I. Steele, J.T. Stocke, J. Strobl, L.O. Takalo, T. Tomov, L. Tremosa Espasa, J.R. Valdes, J. Valero Perez, F. Verrecchia, J.R. Webb, M. Yoneda, M. Zejmo, W. Zheng, J. Telting, J. Saario, T. Reynolds, A. Kvammen, E. Gafton, R. Karjalainen, P. Blay

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual (OJ 287); super massive black holes

Online: 18 July 2016 (10:46:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1977.v1

Characterizing and Eliminating the Inbreeding Load

István Nagy, Thi Anh Nguyen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: purging; lethal equivalent, ancestral inbreeding; old inbreeding, new inbreeding, Inbreeding-Purging Model, purging coefficient, purged inbreeding coefficient

Online: 31 October 2023 (05:08:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1215.v1

Surveillance of Bacterial Load and Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria on Surfaces of Public Restrooms

Khadega Ibrahim, Maisha Tahsin, Aninda Rahman, Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman, MD Mizanur Rahman

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Public Restrooms; Contamination; Coliforms; Gram-positive; Gram-negative; Antibiotic Sensi-tivity; Antibiotic Resistance; Multidrug Resistant

Online: 21 March 2024 (02:03:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0257.v1

LightGBM and SVM algorithms for Predicting Synthetic Load Profiles Using a Non-Intrusive Approach

Khumbulani Mpofu, Olukorede Tijani Adenuga, Olawale M Popoola, And Abel Mathebula

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: Light Gradient Boosted; Machine learning; Non-Intrusive Approach; electric load forecasting; Support Vector Machine; Synthetic Load Profile.

Online: 3 August 2023 (10:37:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0571.v1

Mutual Inductance and Load Identification of LCC-S IPT System Considering Equivalent Inductance of Rectifier Load

Haomin Shen, Xiaona Wang, Pan Sun, Lei Wang, Yan Liang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Inductive power transfer (IPT); Mutual inductance parameter identification; Load parameter identification; Rectifier equivalent load.

Online: 8 August 2023 (10:58:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0633.v1

The Iron Chelator, DIBI, Reduces Bacterial Load and Inflammation in Experimental Lung Infection

Xiyang Zhang, Rhea Nickerson, Lauren Burton, Ashley Stueck, Bruce Holbein, Zhenyu Cheng, Juan Zhou, Christian Lehmann

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Lung infection; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Iron chelation; Inflammation

Online: 11 June 2024 (08:39:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0365.v1

Optimal Load and Energy Management of Aircraft Microgrids Using Multi-Objective Model Predictive Control

Xin Wang, Jason Atkin, Najmeh Bazmohammadi, Serhiy Bozhko, and Josep M. Guerrero

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Model predictive control; Mixed-integer linear programming; Multi-objective optimization; Energy storage management; Load management; More electric aircraft; Demand-side flexibility

Online: 25 October 2021 (15:43:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0829.v1

Performance Based Design of Alkali Activated Concrete for High Thermal Load Applications

Anastasija Komkova, Carlos Andres Arce Campos, Catherine G. Papanicolaou, Thanasis C. Triantafillou

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Alkali-activated material; geopolymer; concrete; design of experiment; olivine

Online: 11 September 2024 (11:02:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0219.v1

Analysis of Mechanical Behaviors of Waterbomb Thin-Shell Structures Under Quasi-Static Load

Lijuan Zhao, Zuen Shang, Tianyi Zhang, Zhan Liu, Liguo Han, and Chongwang Wang

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Waterbomb structure; Origami pattern; Quasi-static load; Critical axial buckling load-to-weight ratio; Radial stiffness-to-weight ratio

Online: 12 January 2021 (12:20:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0693.v1

A Hybrid Model Based on LSSVM and the Improved BFOA for Sustainability of Daily Electricity Load Forecasting in Malaysia

Farah Anishah Zaini, Mohamad Fani Sulaima, Intan Azmira Binti Wan Abdul Razak, Mohammad Lutfi Othman, Hazlie Mokhlis

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Electricity load forecasting; Least square support vector machine (LSSVM); Improved Bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (IBFOA); hybrid model; machine learning (ML)

Online: 11 June 2024 (08:52:43 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Flattening COVID-19 Curve in Egypt: An Epidemiological Modelling

Ali Hasab

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; Egypt; Epidemic SIR Model; Pandemic; Flattening the curve

Online: 14 May 2020 (15:12:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0326.v1

Curve Path Detection in Autonomous Vehicle using Deep Learning

Balasriram Kodi, Manimozhi M

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: autonomous vehicles, lane detection, curve path detection, convolutional neural networks, deep learning

Online: 24 May 2018 (04:56:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0061.v1

Curve Number Applications for Restoration the Zarqa River Basin

Maisa'a W. Shammout, Muhammad Shatanawi, Jim Nelson

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: water scarcity; watershed restoration; land use distribution; soil type; curve number; Zarqa River’s flow simulation; end-users

Online: 8 January 2018 (09:59:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1302.v1

Investigation on the Mechanical Characteristics of Excavation of Double-Line Highway Tunnel Underpass Existing Railway Tunnel under the Influence of Dynamic and Static Load

Yifan Li, Changfu Huang, Hongjian Lu, Chao Mou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: tunnel underpass; effects of static and dynamic load coupling; numerical simulation; Hoek-Brown guidelines

Online: 22 March 2024 (02:07:17 CET)

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The research on the excavation mechanical properties of underpass tunnels has already had certain results, but fewer of them consider the effects of dynamic and static loads on the excavation mechanical properties of underground tunnels at the same time, especially the lack of research cases of double-line highway tunnels with angled underpasses of existing railway tunnels. In this paper, based on the tunnel project of the new double-line Shiqian Highway Tunnel passing under the Hurong Railway at an oblique angle, the mechanical parameters of the rock body in the cross-tunneling area under the influence of static and dynamic load coupling are obtained by using the disturbance quantification coefficients and the Hoek-Brown criterion based on the method of over-advanced geological prediction and the investigation of the surrounding rock on the palisade face, and the engineering-scale finite element model is constructed and the mechanical characteristics of the excavation in the tunnel of the double-lane highway tunnel passing under the existing railroad under the influence of the static and dynamic loads are analyzed. The results show that: the new tunnel rock movement law for the top of the arch sinking, bottom plate bulging, side wall to move outward, the height and width of the arch and bottom plate arch with the tunnel excavation and increase, the side wall rock displacement effect is smaller; left and right lines of the tunnel disturbed area of the rule of change is similar; the existing tunnel bottom plate displacement is more than the top plate and the left and right side walls by the excavation of the time step influence is larger. Typical profile displacement is mainly determined by the distance from the excavation surface; the new tunnel in the four types of calculation conditions of the rock disturbance angle is the same; the existing tunnel roof and side wall Von Mises stress extreme occurs in the tunnel structure, the bottom plate there are pressure relief and pressure-bearing areas; based on the displacement control criteria, the recommended upper and lower step blasting method.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1406.v2

Triaxiality and Plastic Strain Dependent Proposed PEAK Parameter for Predicting Crack Formation in Polypropylene Polymer Reservoir Subjected to Pressure Load

Adam Kasprzak

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: polymer; polypropylene; triaxiality; crack; PEAK; PEEQ; TRIAX; plastic strain; reservoir

Online: 24 July 2024 (06:59:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1375.v1

Load Profile and Load Flow Analysis for a Grid System with Electric Vehicles Using a Hybrid Optimization Algorithm

Mlungisi Ntombela, Kabeya Musasa

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Electric vehicles; Internal combustion engine; Voltage profile improvement; Load Profile; Power Grid

Online: 19 May 2023 (04:31:44 CEST)

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Electric vehicles (EVs) will have a greater need for the amount of electricity needed to charge them as their popularity grows. It is anticipated that in order to accomplish this objective, it will be essential to implement a variety of solutions for grid transportation that are designed to complement one another and to make significant changes to the transmission infrastructure. It is possible to reduce the amount of energy that is lost on the power network through strategic planning and control, which may include economic models and methods to engage and reward users. This would eliminate the need for grid upgrades. Charging electric vehicles can also assist alleviate problems with transmission systems that are caused by the allocation of electric vehicles (EVs) using bidirectional charging method. The most significant problems that can occur with a transmission network are power loss and unstable voltage. Adding EV units to the transmission network is typically an effective method for resolving these challenges. As a result, EVs need to have the appropriate arrangement and dimensions. This research establishes where and how many electric vehicles (EVs) should be in a radial transmission network both before and after the adjustment is made. An artificially intelligent (AI) approach, known as a hybrid genetic algorithm particle swarm optimization (HGAIPSO), is used both before and after the radial network modification to find the optimal EV location and size. When electric vehicles are coordinated in an active transmission network, power losses are decreased, voltage profiles are raised, and system stability is increased. These benefits can be attributed to the greater use of electric vehicles. The simulation found that incorporating EVs into the testing system resulted in a considerable decrease in the quantity of power that was wasted. The minimal bus voltage of the system also undergoes similar kinds of enhancements. According to the findings of the comparative study, the proposed method mitigates both the voltage fluctuations and the power losses that occur in the transmission system. For type 1, type 2, and type 3 EV allocations, the IEEE-30 bus test system reduced real power loss by 40.70%, 36.24%, and 42.94%, respectively. IEEE-30 bus voltage reaches 1.01 pu.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0767.v1

Isometric Force-Time Curve Assessment: Accuracy, Precision and Repeatability of a Mobile Application and Portable and Lightweight Device—The DINABANG^®

Dario Santos, Alfredo Bravo-Sánchez, Leonardo Alexandre Peyré-Tartaruga, Franco Simini, Rodrigo Zacca

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: exercise; health; physical fitness; rehabilitation; physical therapy; strength assessment; exercise physiology; sports biomechanics; digital technology

Online: 12 August 2024 (09:58:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1528.v1

Assessing Nitrogen Fertilization in Processing Pepper: Critical Nitrogen Curve, and Crop Yield Response

Jose Maria Vadillo, Carlos Campillo, Valme Gonzalez, Henar Prieto

Subject: Horticulture, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: horticulture; open field; vegetative development; fruit production

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:13:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0773.v1

A New Definition of Dual Spline Curves for Curve Modeling and Geometry Defeaturing

Baotao Chi, Shengmin Bai, Qianjian Guo, Yaoming Zhang, Wei Yuan, Can Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Geometry And Topology Keywords: Dual spline curves; Adaptive curve refinement; Curve modeling; Geometry defeaturing

Online: 12 July 2023 (05:50:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0487.v1

Modelling Buildings in CityGML LOD1: Building Parts, Terrain Intersection Curve and Address Features

Evgeny Shirinyan, Dessislava Petrova-Antonova

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: 3D City Model; CityGML 2.0; Spatial Data Integration

Online: 30 December 2021 (12:51:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0421.v1

Damage Identification in a Helicopter Rotor Blade Root in Realistic Load Conditions With Neural Network-Based Algorithms

Pietro Ballarin, Giuseppe Sala, Marco Macchi, Irene Roda, Andrea Baldi, Alessandro Airoldi

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: fiber bragg grating sensors; structural health monitoring; artificial neural network; composite structure; rotor blade; load monitoring

Online: 10 June 2024 (12:37:56 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0466.v1

R-Curve Behavior of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS)–Epoxy Nanocomposites

Kunal Mishra, Raman Singh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: Polymer matrix composites; POSS; Fracture mechanics; J-integral; Stress intensity factor; Scanning electron microscopy

Online: 31 October 2022 (06:19:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1151.v1

Structural Analysis and Load Test of Railway Bridge

Sumargo Sumargo, Mardiana Oesman, Fachmi Fadli

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Static Testing; Dynamic Testing; External Prestressing

Online: 20 February 2024 (14:29:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0058.v1

Intraday Load Forecasts with Uncertainty

David Kozak, Scott Holladay, Gregory Fasshauer

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: load forecast; short term; probabilistic; Gaussian processes

Online: 4 April 2019 (16:01:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0613.v1

Measurement of Continuous Cooling Transformation Curve and High Temperature Mechanical Properties for 12Mn Steel

Sheng tao Qiu, Jun Wei

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: 12Mn steel; round billet; thermal mechanical simulation; CCT curve; diatometer method; JmatPro; tensile strength; the reduction of area; stress-strain curve; Thermal-cal software

Online: 25 March 2021 (11:44:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0698.v1

Cognitive Load and Dual-Task Performance in Individuals with and without Forward Head Posture

Shorouk Abu-Ghosh, Ibrahim M. Moustafa, Amal Ahbouch, Paul A. Oakley, Deed E. Harrison

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Craniovertebral angle; forward head posture; cognition; cognitive function; gait; dual task

Online: 9 July 2024 (07:00:11 CEST)

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Background: Recent studies have found forward head posture (FHP) to be associated with altered physiology, however, there is a lack of research into whether FHP is associated with altered gait parameters when cognitively challenged. The current study was undertaken to investigate the changes in gait parameters in asymptomatic individuals with FHP when a cognitive dual task is introduced during walking. Methods: Ninety asymptomatic participants were recruited, 45 having FHP defined as having a craniovertebral angle (CVA) < 50, and 45 sex and age-matched controls having normal head posture (NHP) defined as CVA > 55. All participants walked along a 10 meter platform under a control condition (no cognitive load) with 3 consecutive trials while an optical motion-capture system consisting of 8 infrared cameras was used to assess gait kinematics. Secondly, participants were assessed under a dual task cognitive load condition (3 trials while performing simple addition, counting backwards, and answering yes or no questions) to identify the impact on gait kinematics compared to the control condition. Results: Under the single task condition, there were no significant differences for any gait parameter, however, under the dual task condition, 12/13 gait parameters were significantly altered for the FHP group compared to the NHP group (p < .01). A calculation of dual task cost (DTC) percentage showed significant increases in all gait parameters in participants with FHP (p < .02). Correlations between the CVA and gait parameters were not significant for the single task condition, but all gait parameters were correlated to CVA for the dual task condition (p < .01). The correlation between CVA and DTC for all gait variables were also significant (p < .04). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that FHP significantly increases the cognitive cost during walking, highlighting the importance of proper postural alignment for maintaining cognitive function under a dual task condition. Addressing FHP through targeted interventions could improve both physical and cognitive health, enhancing overall well-being and daily functioning.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0618.v1

Enhancing Privacy in the Internet of Vehicles via Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography

George Routis, Panagiotis Dagas, Ioanna Roussaki

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Security Systems Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT); Internet of Vehicles (IoV); Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs); vehicle privacy; digital certificates; digital signatures; ECC; HECC; energy consumption; message size; Arduino; Zigbee

Online: 8 January 2024 (10:52:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0609.v1

To Bend the Curve of Terrestrial Biodiversity, Place Agency Centre Stage

Claude Garcia, Sini Savilaakso, Marieke Sassen, Natasha Stoudmann, René W. Verburg, Fabien Quétier, Miguel B. Araújo, Jean-François Bastin, Laurence Boutinot, Hélène Dessard, Anne Dray, Philip Fernbach, Scott Francisco, Jaboury Ghazoul, Laurène Feintrenie, Babak Naimi, Johan Oszwald, Stephan A. Pietsch, Brian E. Robinson, Plinio Sist, Steven A. Sloman, Terry Sunderland, Cédric Vermeulen, Lucienne Wilmé, Sarah J. Wilson, Patrick O. Waeber

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: agency; transition; cognition; land-use change; games; democracy

Online: 29 October 2020 (11:24:42 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0353.v1

Can Innate Immunity Flatten the Curve? Covid-19 – A Case Study

Sangam Banerjee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; innate immunity

Online: 19 April 2020 (16:54:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1442.v1

Revalidation of DNA Fragmentation Analyses for Human Sperm—Measurement Principles, Comparative Standards, Calibration Curve, Required Sensitivity, and Eligibility Criteria for Test Sperm—A Step-by-Step Approach to Cohort Studies with Multivariable Analyses

Satoru Kaneko, Yuki Okada

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: DNA fragmentation; single-cell pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; human sperm; sperm chromatin structure assay; sperm chromatin dispersion test; comet assay; quantitative analysis

Online: 23 May 2024 (08:19:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0516.v1

Frequency Response Characteristic (FRC) Curve and Fast Frequency Response Assessment in High Renewable Power Systems

Shutang You

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Frequency response characteristic (FRC) curve; frequency response; renewable generation; governor

Online: 26 October 2020 (11:40:43 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1580.v1

Association of Hepatitis B Virus E Antigen With HBV Viral Load in Botswana

Lebogang Othusitse, Bonolo B. Phinius, Kutlo Wateka, Gorata Mpebe, Wonderful T. Choga, Lynnette Bhebhe, Basetsana Phakedi, Doreen Ditshwanelo, Tsholofelo Ratsoma, Kabo Baruti, Mosimanegape Jongman, Kebaneilwe Lebani, Sikhulile Moyo, Motswedi Anderson, Simani Gaseitsiwe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Hepatitis B virus; HBeAg; HBV viral load; HIV; Botswana

Online: 24 April 2024 (05:18:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0157.v1

Identify the Mathematical Models Generated by the Table Curve 3 D Program

Emilian Mosnegutu, Mirela Panainte-Lehadus, Valentin Nedeff, Claudia Tomozei, Narcis Barsan, Dana Chitimus, Marcin Jasinski

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: mathematical models; Table Curve 3D; correlation coefficient

Online: 11 February 2022 (08:35:16 CET)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Bending the Curve of Global Freshwater Biodiversity Loss – An Emergency Recovery Plan

David Tickner, Jeff Opperman, Robin Abell, Mike Acreman, Angela H. Arthington, Stuart E. Bunn, Steven J. Cooke, James Dalton, Will Darwall, Gavin Edwards, Ian Harrison, Kathy Hughes, Tim Jones, David Leclère, Abigail J. Lynch, Philip Leonard, Michael E. McClain, Dean Muruven, Julian D. Olden, Steve Ormerod, Rebecca E. Tharme, Michele Thieme, Klement Tockner, Mark Wright, Lucy Young

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: River restoration; wetlands; freshwater conservation; Sustainable Development Goals; Convention on Biological Diversity

Online: 29 October 2019 (11:13:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0720.v1

Optimization of division and reconfiguration locations of the medium-voltage power grid based on forecasting the level of load and generation from renewable energy sources

Karol Sidor, Piotr Miller, Robert Małkowski, Michał Przemysław Izdebski

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: optimization; MV network configuration; power losses; forecasting; renewable energy

Online: 12 June 2024 (02:46:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0538.v1

External Load Evaluation in Elite Futsal: Influence of Match Results and Game Location with IMU Technology

Héctor Gadea Uribarri, Carlos Lago-Fuentes, Ainhoa Bores-Arce, Victor Emilio Villavicencio Álvarez, Sergio López-García, Santiago Calero-Morales, Elena Mainer-Pardos

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: load monitoring; home-advantage; high performance; team sports

Online: 5 July 2024 (13:47:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0634.v1

Why do Inbreeding Depression and Load Resist Both Purging and Fixation?

Donald Waller

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: genetic load; purging; drift load; pseudo-overdominance; heterozygosity-fitness correlation; genomic architecture

Online: 30 October 2020 (10:18:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0156.v1

Static Load Characteristics of Hydrostatic Journal Bearings: Measurements and Predictions

Howon Yi, Hyunsung Jung, Kyuman Kim, Keun Ryu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Hydrostatic bearings; Journal bearings; Static load characteristics; Measurements; Predictions

Online: 8 August 2022 (10:57:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0235.v1

Computational Intelligence Load Forecasting: A Methodological Overview

Narjes Fallah, Mehdi Ganjkhani

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Intelligent Load Forecasting 1; Demand-Side Management 2; Pattern Similarity 3; Hierarchical Forecasting 4; Feature Selection 5; Weather Station Selection 6

Online: 19 December 2018 (12:19:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0217.v1

Computational Intelligence Load Forecasting: A Methodological Overview

Seyedeh Narjes Fallah, Mehdi Ganjkhani, Shahab Shamshirband, Kwok-wing Chau

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Intelligent Load Forecasting; Demand-Side Management; Pattern Similarity; Hierarchical Forecasting; Feature Selection; Weather Station Selection

Online: 18 December 2018 (10:38:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2137.v1

Hardware Implementations of Elliptic Curve Cryptography Using Shift-Sub Based Modular Multiplication Algorithms

Yamin Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Security Systems Keywords: elliptic curve cryptography; affine, projective, and Jacobian coordinates; modular multiplication; hardware security module; Verilog HDL; FPGA; cost/performance evaluation

Online: 31 August 2023 (09:35:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0886.v1

A New Test Method of “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance + High-Speed Centrifugation” for Gas-Water Relative Permeability Curve of Low-Permeability and Tight Sandstone

Fenglai Yang, Huaxun Liu, Shusheng Gao, Sijie He, Feifei Fang, Cuili Wang, Liyou Ye, Kun Zhou, Xuejun Yang, Weiguo An

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: Low permeability and tight sandstone; Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); High speed centrifugation; Micro pore structure; Gas-water relative permeability curve

Online: 11 July 2024 (08:28:50 CEST)

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Gas-water relative permeability curve is the foundation of gas reservoir dynamic analysis and numerical simulation. It is generally obtained through gas displacing water experiment. Referring to the existing national standards, gas-water relative permeability test is carried out for low-permeability and tight sandstone. The flow is discontinuous and the curve smoothness is poor, which affects the application of gas-water relative permeability curve. Based on the comparative analysis of a large number of mercury injection and NMR experimental results of low-permeability and tight sandstone, a method to characterize the throat radius distribution of low-permeability tight sandstone based on NMR T2 spectrum is explored. Combined with high-speed centrifugal experiment, the calculation formulas of core water saturation, phase relative permeability of gas-water under different centrifugal force are established. A new method of "nuclear magnetic resonance + high-speed centrifugation" for gas-water relative permeability curve test of low-permeability and tight sandstone is formed, and the test is carried out on Sulige low-permeability tight sandstone core. The results show that: (1) The shape of cumulative distribution curve of throat radius by mercury injection method is basically consistent with that of T2 relaxation time by NMR, and there is a good corresponding relationship between them. (2) The centrifugation process is similar to the gas displacing water process. With the decrease of water saturation, water centrifugation in rock core becomes more and more difficult until it become irreducible. (3) The test process of the new method is unified and standard and up to 6 cores can be tested at the same time. The calculation results of water saturation and relative permeability curve are reliable and the integral curve is smooth, which greatly improves the test efficiency of gas-water relative permeability curve in low-permeability and tight sandstone. The new method can be widely used to study the gas-water two-phase seepage law in low-permeability and tight sandstone gas reservoir.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0229.v1

Extensometer for Determining Strains on a Tensile and Torsion Simultaneous Load

Viorel Goanta

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: extensometer; tensile strain; shear strain; calibration; elastic deformation; combined loads

Online: 19 November 2019 (10:10:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0538.v1

The Impact of a Congested Competition Schedule on Load, Recovery, and Well-Being in U16 Female Football Players: A Comparison between Starters and Non-Starters during a Development Tournament

Jaime González-García, Blanca Romero-Moraleda

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: microcycle; periodization; GPS; RPE; sport; soccer; youth; women; maturation; training load

Online: 8 August 2024 (12:24:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1392.v1

Deep-Learning-Based Hydrostatic Curve Modeling for Stability Calculation of Chine-Type Small Ships

Dongkeun Lee, Chaeog Lim, Sang-jin Oh, Minjoon Kim, Jun Soo Park, Sung-chul Shin

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: hull form; deep learning model; hydrostatic curve modelling; small ships

Online: 22 November 2023 (06:31:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2126.v1

Echocardiographic-Fluoroscopic Fusion Imaging Improves Interventionalists´ Learning Curve for Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure

Dominika Anna Kanschik, Houtan Heidari, Kathrin Klein, Amin Polzin, Verena Veulemans, Jürgen Leick, Malte Kelm, Christian Jung, Tobias Zeus, Shazia Samreen Afzal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: structural heart disease; left atrial appendage closure; fusion imaging; learning curve

Online: 31 August 2023 (10:36:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1821.v1

Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) Assessment, Including Learning Curve: Developing a Dynamic Simulation Model

Sandra Patricia Usaquén-Perilla, Laura Valentina Bocanegra-Villegas, José Isidro García-Melo

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: System dynamics; Health Technology Assessment (HTA); Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS); dengue

Online: 26 May 2023 (03:06:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0476.v1

Radial Load Distribution Comparison in Rolling Element Bearings

Mário César Ricci

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Rolling Element Bearing; Radial Load; Load Distribution; Radial Clearance

Online: 7 December 2023 (08:19:57 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0391.v1

Exposing the Small Protein Load of Bacterial Life

Laure Simoens, Igor Fijalkowski, Petra Van Damme

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: small ORF encoded polypeptides (SEPs); riboproteogenomics; bacterial pathogens; protein tagging; proteomics

Online: 23 February 2023 (01:25:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0242.v1

Simulation of a Hydraulic Load Sensing Proportional Valve

Sanjar Mirzaliev, Kungratbai Sharipov

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Amesim; proportional spool valve; PVG32; discharge coefficient

Online: 11 October 2018 (14:42:00 CEST)

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Nowadays energy saving is a topical issue due to increasing fuel costs and this aspect is amplified by more stringent emissions regulations that impact on vehicle development. A recent study conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy shows that about five percent of the U.S. energy consumption is transmitted by fluid power equipment. Nevertheless, this study also shows that the efficiency of fluid power averages 21 percent. This offers a huge opportunity to improve the current state-of-the-art of fluid power machines, in particular to improve the energy consumption of current applications. These facts dictate a continuous strive toward improvements and more efficient solutions: to accomplish this objective a strong reduction of hydraulic losses and better control strategies of the hydraulic systems are needed. In fluid power, there exist many techniques to reduce/recover energy losses of the conventional layouts, e.g. load sensing, electrohydraulic flow matching, independent metering, etc. One of the most efficient ways to analyze these different layouts and identify the best hydraulic solution is done through virtual simulations instead of prototyping, since the latter involves higher investment costs to deliver the product into the market. However, to build a fluid power machine virtual model, some problems arise relative to different aspects, for instance: loads on actuators (both linear and rotational) are not constant and pumps are driven by a real engine whose speed depends on required torque. Furthermore, it is important to achieve higher level of detail to simulate each component in the circuit: the greater detail, the better the machine behavior is portrayed, but it obviously entails heavy impact on simulation time and computational resources. Therefore, there is a need to create mathematical model of components and systems with sufficient level of detail to easily acquire all those phenomena necessary to correctly evaluate machine performance and make modifications to the fluid power component design. In this context, a hydraulic proportional valve PVG 32 by Danfoss is taken as an object of study, its performance is analyzed with suitable mathematical model and simulation is done to observe closeness of a model to the laboratory experiment.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2270.v1

Low-Glycemic Load Diets and Thyroid Function: A Narrative Review and Future Perspectives

Ioanna Partsalaki, Georgios K Markantes, Marina A Michalaki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Low-Glycemic Load Diets; Glycemic Load; Glycemic Index; Thyroid function; Thyroid hormones

Online: 29 December 2023 (13:16:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1848.v1

Balance Training and Shooting Performance: The Role of Load and the Unstable Surface

Stylianos Kounalakis, Anastasios Karagiannis, Ioannis Kostoulas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: postural sway; shooting ability; external load; military environment; uneven terrain.

Online: 25 December 2023 (09:19:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0060.v1

The Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Colombia: impact of economic development on greenhouse gas emissions and ecological footprint

Jorge A Acevedo, Carlos Felipe Valencia, Carlos Darío Valencia

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: carbon dioxide emissions; Ecological footprint; Economic growth; EKC hypothesis; Environmental degradation; ARDL; Methane emissions

Online: 4 January 2023 (03:44:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0070.v1

Stretch-Shortening Cycle in Countermovement Jump: Exclusive Review of Force-Time Curve Variables in Eccentric and Concentric Phases

Mahdi Cheraghi, Javad Sarvestan, Masoud Sebyani, Elham Shirzad

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: stretch-shortening cycle; countermovement jump; force-time curve variables; eccentric; concentric; volleyball

Online: 21 August 2017 (09:08:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1179.v2

A Novel Security System Using a Physical Unclonable Framework With Modified Elliptic Curve Cryptography Algorithm

Aiham Altaher

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: PUF; Improved PUF; ECC; security; Cybersecurity; Authentication; Authorization; Encryption; Decryption

Online: 26 July 2024 (05:58:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0147.v1

Myosin Cross-bridge Behaviour in Contracting Muscle – The T₁ Curve of Huxley & Simmons (1971) Revisited

Carlo Knupp, John M. Squire

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: myosin filament stiffness; actin filament stiffness; myosin cross-bridge stiffness; muscle transients; weak binding heads; contractile mechanism; cross-bridge cycle; rigor muscle

Online: 14 March 2019 (07:01:45 CET)

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The stiffness of the myosin cross-bridges is a key factor in analysing possible scenarios to explain myosin head changes during force generation in active muscles. The seminal study of Huxley and Simmons (1971: Nature 233: 533) suggested that most of the observed half-sarcomere instantaneous compliance (=1/stiffness) resides in the myosin heads. They showed with a so-called T₁ plot that, after a very fast release, the half-sarcomere tension reduced to zero after a step size of about 60Å (later with improved experiments reduced to 40Å). However, later X-ray diffraction studies showed that myosin and actin filaments themselves stretch slightly under tension, which means that most (at least two-thirds) of the half sarcomere compliance comes from the filaments and not from cross-bridges. Here we have used a different approach, namely to model the compliances in a virtual half sarcomere structure in silico. We confirm that the T₁ curve comes almost entirely from length changes in the myosin and actin filaments, because the calculated cross-bridge stiffness (probably greater than 0.4 pN/Å) is higher than previous studies have suggested. In the light of this, we present a plausible modified scenario to describe aspects of the myosin cross-bridge cycle in active muscle. In particular, we suggest that, apart from the filament compliances, most of the cross-bridge contribution to the instantaneous T₁ response comes from weakly-bound myosin heads, not myosin heads in strongly attached states. The strongly attached heads would still contribute to the T₁ curve, but only in a very minor way, with a stiffness that we postulate could be around 0.1 pN/Å, a value which would generate a working stroke close to 100 Å from the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule. The new program can serve as a tool to calculate sarcomere elastic properties for any vertebrate striated muscle once various parameters have been determined (e.g. tension, T₁ intercept, temperature, X-ray diffraction spacing results).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1000.v1

Measurement and Analysis of Brake and Tyre Particle Emissions from Automotive Series Components for High-Load Driving Tests on a Wheel and Suspension Test Bed

Martin Kupper, Ludwig Schubert, Manfred Nachtnebel, Hartmuth Schröttner, Michael Peter Huber, Peter Fischer, Alexande Bergmann

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: Non-Exhaust Emissions; Brake Wear Aerosol; Particle Measurement; Ultrafine Particles; Electron Microscopy

Online: 19 February 2024 (08:06:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1440.v1

Influence of fruit load and water deficit on olive fruit phenolic profiling and yield

Camilla Farolfi, Sergio Tombesi, Luigi Lucini, Ettore Capri, Pascual García-Pérez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: crop load, deficit irrigation, metabolomics, secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds.

Online: 22 April 2024 (18:41:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0402.v1

Evaluation of SFRP Lugs with SLM Bushing Load Capacity and Dependence of CZM Mode II Model Parameters on Embedded Elements Surface Roughness

Andry Sedelnikov, Evgenii Kurkin, Vitaly Smelov, Vladislava Chertykovtseva, Vyacheslav Alekseev, Andrey V. Gavrilov, Evgenii Kishov, Maksim Zvyagincev, Sergey Chernyakin

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: CZM model; strength; roughness; experiment; adhesion

Online: 7 March 2024 (08:12:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2098.v1

Ecophysiological Response of Olive Trees under Different Fruit Load

Efthymios Kokkotos, Anastasios Zotos, Angelos Patakas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: sink-source effect; alternate bearing; thermocouple psychrometry; non-structural carbohydrates; carbon stable isotope ratio

Online: 27 December 2023 (11:09:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0009.v1

LSTM-based Virtual Load Sensor for Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Abdurrahman İşbitirici, Paolo Falcone, Laura Giarre', Wen Xu

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Neural networks, virtual sensors, mass estimation,

Online: 1 December 2023 (04:58:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0281.v1

Towards Feasible Solutions for Load Monitoring in Quebec Residences

Sayed Saeed Hosseini, Benoit Delcroix, Nilson Henao, Kodjo Agbossou, Sousso Kelouwani

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM); low-sampling load disaggregation; statistical analysis; machine learning algorithms; electric baseboards; electric water heaters

Online: 3 August 2023 (06:29:07 CEST)

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For many years, energy monitoring at the most disaggregate level has been mainly sought through the idea of Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM). Nevertheless, a practical application of this concept in the residential sector should address the underlying concerns raised by the technical specifications of case studies. From one side, such an operation must handle common matters related to the essence of any NILM system. Although this aspect has been thoroughly investigated by basic research, it is limited to the properties of public datasets. On the other side, it must deal with specific concerns corresponding to uncommon situations. These circumstances impose further restrictions on existent NILM schemes, however, they have been overlooked due to the lack of pertinent databases to scrutinize. Accordingly, this paper presents applied research on a potential solution to NILM for Quebec residences. It carries out a relevant investigation into the multi-faceted nature of this problem in order to reveal barriers to feasible implementations in the context of Quebec. This work commences with a concise discussion about the NILM idea to highlight its essential requirements for a fruitful practice. Afterward, it provides a comparative statistical analysis to represent the specificity and potential challenges of the case study in accordance with NILM necessities. For this purpose, the examination exploits data from real-world measurement systems in the same and European regions. Subsequently, this study focuses on a load identification exercise by proposing a combinatory approach that utilizes the promise of sub-meter smart technologies to integrate the intrusive aspect of load monitoring with the non-intrusive one. The former is aimed at extracting overall heating demand from the aggregate one by a supervised procedure based on Deep Learning (DL) models while the latter is designed for disaggregating the residual load through an unsupervised process on the basis of clustering techniques. The results demonstrate that geographically-dependent cases create electricity consumption scenarios under which existing NILM methods can be questioned. From a realistic standpoint, this research elaborates on critical remarks to realize viable NILM systems, particularly, in Quebec houses.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0600.v1

Improved Slice Method for Slope Stability Analysis under Load

Yanjie Sun

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: loess slope; shallow landslide; Slice method; Moore Coulomb theory; slope stability coefficient

Online: 29 January 2021 (06:04:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1190.v1

Supplementary Relationship between Circulating Load and Classification Efficiency in Closed Circuit Ball Mills

Chengfang Yuan, Caibin Wu, Li Ling, Xin Yao, Zheyang Li, Feng Xie, Jingkun Tian

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: Closed circuit ball mill; circulating load; classification efficiency; relative capacity of ball mills; industrial applications

Online: 16 August 2023 (09:55:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0441.v1

Analysis of Orchestration Load and Teacher Agency in Smart Synchronous Hybrid Learning Environments

Adrián Carruana Martín, Carlos Alario-Hoyos, Alejandra Martínez-Monés, Carlos Delgado Kloos

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Other Keywords: Hybrid Learning; Collaborative Learning; Orchestration load; Smart Learning Environments; Teacher agency.

Online: 6 July 2023 (15:50:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1691.v1

Effect of Bending Load and Sulfate Erosion on the Properties of Cementitious Materials

Yong Wen, Yuhang Li, Guoqi Han, Lang Liu, Chao Zhang, Yanyu Feng

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: bending load; sulfate erosion; dry and wet cycle; cement-based materials; ion concentration; numerical simulation

Online: 24 May 2023 (04:38:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0062.v1

Exosome Load Increases Systemically and Mediates Pro-tumoral M2 Macrophage Polarization in Lymphoma

Saima Syeda, Kavita Rawat, Anju Shrivastava

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Exosomes; lymphoma; LC-MS; pro-tumoral macrophages; cytokines

Online: 5 April 2023 (12:14:37 CEST)

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Macrophages are the key effector cells of innate immunity which show two polarized states: M1, classically activated and M2, alternatively activated. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) which usually show M2 polarization, are immunosuppressive cells that enhance tumor metastasis and invasion. Also, enrichment of TAMs is known to be closely associated with poor prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, TAMs are considered to be promising targets for immunotherapy. Importantly, tumor-derived exosomes emerged as a crucial player in immune regulation which can remodel the tumor microenvironment towards immunosuppressive state. Of note, few studies have shown that exosomes could induce polarization of macrophages towards M2 type in tumor condition, while others showed activation of M1 or mixed phenotype. Considering the role of TAMs in cancer, there is an urgent need to decipher the exosome-mediated cross-talk between tumor cells and macrophages.For this, we used murine model of Dalton’s lymphoma (DL), wherein, firstly, we evaluated increased exosome burden by assessing exosome level in serum as well as in various tissues of tumor-bearing host. Next, proteomic profiling of lymphoma-derived exosomes was done which revealed the presence of immunomodulatory proteins. Of note, these proteins were known to alter the macrophage polarization. In order to assess the effect of these exosomes on macrophages, we performed in vitro study using RAW264.7 cells. In vitro study revealed that frequent uptake of exosomes mediated a morphological change in macrophages which reduced their phagocytic activity. In parallel, exosomes increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) level in macrophages. Also, exosomes upregulated the expression of arginase-1 (an M2 marker) in macrophages but decreased the LPS-induced nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) (an M1 marker) expression. Moreover, we observed a pro-tumoral cytokine profile in macrophages incubated with exosomes. Our study suggests that exosome load increases in lymphoma-bearing hosts systemically. Importantly, lymphoma-derived exosomes mediate the activation of macrophages towards pro-tumoral M2 type. Our results give an insight into the exosome-mediated tumor and immune cell cross-talk which could serve as an important prospect for targeting in cancer immunotherapy.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0624.v1

An Energy and Load Aware Multipath Routing Protocol in the Internet of Things

Rogayye Khaleghnasab, Karamolah Bagherifard, Bahman Ravaei, Hamid Parvin, Samad Nejatian

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Internet of Things; Load aware; Energy-efficient; Gray System Theory; Multipath protocol

Online: 24 November 2020 (16:23:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0050.v3

Recalling Meyer-Peter and Müller Approach for Assessment of Bed-Load Sediment Transport

Alban Kuriqi, Gerti Koçileri, Mehmet Ardıçlıoğlu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: MPM Formula, Shield’s Number, Sediment Transport, Sediment Motion, Hydraulic Regime

Online: 9 April 2019 (12:31:43 CEST)

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