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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0584.v1

Sex/Gender Differences in Migraine: Exploring Pathophysiology, the Impact of Sex Hormones, and Tailored Therapeutic Approaches

Faizan Ahmad, Dr Rabeet Tariq, Safa Kaleem

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Migraine; sex hormones; pathology; treatment

Online: 9 September 2024 (09:16:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0487.v1

Anxiety Disorders: Sex Differences in Serotonin and Tryptophan Metabolism

Tanya Songtachalert, Chutima Roomruangwong, Andre F. Carvalho, Michel Bourin, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: sex; anxiety disorders; 5-HT; tryptophan; immune system; inflammation

Online: 29 August 2018 (08:58:26 CEST)

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Anxiety disorders manifest in women more than in men by almost twofold. This narrative review aims to summarize the sex-related biological factors, which underpin anxiety, focusing on the interactions of sex and tryptophan/serotonin with anxiety.A literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE databases from inception until December 31, 2017. This review shows that sex may interact with many serotonin functions thereby modulating anxiety, including 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors, 5-HT transporter and central 5-HT concentrations and metabolism. Sex-steroids modulate the expression of serotonin transporter genes, creating a difference in serotonin availability. Sex and estrous cycle phases lead to varying anxiety responses to tryptophan depletion. Testosterone, progesterone and estrogen are important factors in mediating sex differences in serotonin responses to anxiety-generating behavioral tests. At prenatal levels, there are sex-related differences in the reciprocal relationships between serotonin and the HPA-axis, which modulate anxiety-like behaviors. Activated immune-inflammatory pathways induce indoleamine-2,3-dioxynease (IDO) and the tryptophan catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway thereby increasing tryptophan degradation and increasing the production of TRYCATs including kynurenine and quinolinic acid, which may create an overall anxiogenic effect. The effects of immune activation on IDO are significantly more pronounced in women than men and therefore females may show increased levels of anxiogenic TRYCAT following immune challenge. Aberrations in the IDO-activated TRYCAT pathway are found in pregnant females and parturients and are associated with increased anxiety levels in the postnatal period. The results of this review underscore the necessity of studying the associations between serotonin and anxiety in both sexes taking into account the effects of immune activation on IDO and production of anxiogenic TRYCATs. Future anxiety research should focus on the interactions between serotonin/tryptophan and sex, sex hormones, the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, the HPA axis and the immune system through production of anxiogenic TRYCATs.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1772.v1

Sex Differences in Human Brain Networks from the Perspective of Small-World Properties

Yingying Zhou, Yicheng Long

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: neuroimaging; brain network; brain connectome; sex difference

Online: 25 June 2024 (14:24:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0684.v1

Epidemiology and Sex-related differences in extracranial complications in ICU patients with traumatic brain injury.

Manuel Cruz-Garcinuño, Raúl Juárez-Vela, Antonio Martínez-Sabater, Elena Chover-Sierra, Juan Luis Sánchez-González, Vicente Gea-Caballero, Maria Luisa Ballestar-Tarín, Ainhoa Serrano Lázaro, Ana Cobos-Rincón, Kapil Laxman Nanwani Nanwani, Regina Ruiz de Viñaspre-Hernández, Manuel Quintana-Diaz

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Nursing Keywords: Critical Care; Epidemiology; Brain Injuries; Intensive Care; Craniocerebral Trauma; Data Interpretation

Online: 9 July 2024 (05:45:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2029.v1

The Association of Whole and Segmental Body Composition and Anaerobic Performance in CrossFit® Athletes: Sex Differences

Tomás Ponce-García, Jerónimo García-Romero, Laura Carrasco-Fernández, Alejandro Castillo-Domínguez, Javier Benítez-Porres

Subject: Social Sciences, Tourism, Leisure, Sport And Hospitality Keywords: Sports performance; anaerobic performance; lean body mass; athletes; high-intensity functional training

Online: 25 July 2024 (12:07:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0448.v2

Sex Differences in Exercise-Induced Effects on Immune Function

Daniel Enrique Rodriguez Bauza, Patricia Silveyra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: moderate exercise; vigorous exercise; upper respiratory infection; immunity

Online: 10 January 2023 (02:31:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0064.v1

Few Sex Differences in Hospitalized Suicide Attempters Aged 70 and Above

Stefan Wiktorsson, Therese Rydberg Sterner, Madeleine Mellqvist Fässberg, Ingmar Skoog, Anne Ingeborg Berg, Paul Duberstein, Kimberly Van Orden, Margda Waern

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: sex differences; suicide attempt; late life; depression; physical disability

Online: 11 December 2017 (13:04:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0262.v1

A Biopsychosocial Model of Sex Differences in Children’s Eating Behaviors

Kathleen L. Keller, Samantha M. R. Kling, Bari Fuchs, Alaina L. Pearce, Nicole A. Reigh, Travis Masterson, Kara Hickok

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: sex differences; eating behavior; food intake; biopsychosocial; children; brain imaging

Online: 26 January 2019 (02:49:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1531.v1

Sex Differences in Colon Cancer: Genomic and Non‐Genomic Signaling of Estrogen

Brian Joseph Harvey, Harry Myles Harvey

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: colon cancer; estrogen; estrogen receptors, sex differences

Online: 23 November 2023 (13:35:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0306.v1

Egyptian Mongoose Gut Microbiota: Taxonomical and Functional Differences across Sex and Age Classes

André C. Pereira, Victor Bandeira, Carlos Fonseca, Mónica V. Cunha

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Egyptian mongoose; Gut microbiota; Microbial profiling; Bio-ecology; Mediterranean Wild Carnivores

Online: 21 February 2020 (08:02:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2009.v1

Sex Differences in Prognosis of Heart Failure Due to Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy

Antonio Padua Mansur, Antonio Carlos Pereira-Barretto, Carlo Henrique Del Carlo, Solange Desirée Avakian, Naomi Kondo Nakagawa, Luiz Antonio Machado Cesar, Edimar Alcides Bocchi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: heart failure; cardiomyopathy; ischemic heart disease; prognosis; women; men

Online: 29 June 2023 (07:27:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0593.v1

Sex-Specific Differences in Toxicity Following Systemic Paclitaxel Treatment and Localized Cardiac Radiotherapy

Nicole Chmielewski Stivers, Benoit Petit, Jonathan Ollivier, Virginie Monceau, Pelagia Tsoutsou, Ana Quintela Pousa, Xiaoming Lin, Charles Limoli, Marie-Catherine Vozenin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: chemotherapy; radiotherapy; sex-specificity

Online: 24 June 2021 (08:47:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0843.v1

Sex Differences in Frequencies of B and T Cell Subpopulations of Human Cord Blood

Michelle Bous, Charline Sarah Schmitt, Muriel Charlotte Hans, Regine Weber, Nasenien Nourkami-Tutdibi, Sebastian Tenbruck, Bashar Haj Hamoud, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Elisabeth Kaiser, Erich-Franz Solomayer, Michael Zemlin, Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: B cells; T cells; B1 cells; human; white blood cells; cord blood; development; ontogeny; sex differences; gender medicine

Online: 12 June 2023 (13:33:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0323.v1

Evaluation of Sex Differences in Murine Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Neutropenic Models of Invasive Mucormycosis

Teclegiorgis Gebremariam, Sondus Alkhazraji, Abdullah Alqarihi, Nathan P. Wiederhold, Laura K. Najvar, Thomas F. Patterson, Scott G. Filler, Ashraf S. S. Ibrahim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Rhizopus; Mucor; Mucormycosis; Murine; sex

Online: 12 April 2021 (21:07:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0591.v1

Sex Differences in Exercise Induced Bronchoconstriction in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Daniel Rodriguez Bauza, Patricia Silveyra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: inflammation; atopy; exercise induced asthma; exercise induced bronchoconstriction; sex differences

Online: 27 August 2020 (05:31:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0640.v1

Sex Differences in Bone, Muscle, and Inflammatory Markers and Their Associations with Muscle Performance Variables

Pragya Sharma Ghimire, Adam Eckart, Ibtihal K. Al-Makhzoomy, James Stavitz

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Wnt signaling; inflammation; muscle performance; sex difference

Online: 10 October 2023 (11:54:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0130.v1

Sex Differences in Visceral Pain and Comorbidities: Clinical Outcomes, Preclinical Models, and Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

Namrata Tiwari, Liya Y Qiao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: pain; visceral; sex; clinical; preclinical; molecule

Online: 3 January 2024 (07:41:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0593.v1

Qualitative and Quantitative Sex-Related Differences in the Perception of Single Molecules from Coffee Headspace

Giorgia Sollai, Paolo Solari, Roberto Crnjar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: smell; GC-O technique; VARUs intensity; gender; individual variability

Online: 9 September 2024 (12:25:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2021.v1

Developmental Changes and Sex Differences in Infants' Neural Sensitivity to Emotional Prosodies in Spoken Words

Chieh Kao, Yang Zhang

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: emotional prosody; mismatch response; sex differences; infancy

Online: 3 October 2023 (03:44:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0607.v1

Affective Neuroscience and Sex Differences in the Relationship between Anger and Fear. If Fear Increases, Seeking and Play Decrease, in the Female Sample.

Paola Manfredi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Sex differences; basic affective systems; SEEKING; FEAR; ANGER; PANIC; PLAY; CARE; gender inequality

Online: 8 August 2024 (12:05:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1371.v1

The Effect of Sex Differences in Percentage of Body Fat on Speed and Endurance Running Performance

Asma Kacem, Ghassen Ben Mansour, Laurent Grélot, Foued Ftaiti

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: sex; fat mass; speed; maximum aerobic velocity

Online: 22 November 2023 (03:47:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0387.v1

Balance Differences between North and South American Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional, Age and Sex Matched Study

Matheus Almeida Souza, Daniel Goble, Paige Arney, Edgar Ramos Vieira, Gabriela Silveira-Nunes, Leonardo Intelangelo, Michelle Almeida Barbosa, Alexandre Carvalho Barbosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Aging; Accidental Falls; Frail Elderly; Postural Balance

Online: 22 November 2021 (11:50:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1817.v1

Sex/gender Differences in the Language Profiles of Italian Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Jessica Barsotti, Gloria Mangani, Roberta Nencioli, Antonio Narzisi, Lucia Pfanner, Anna Maria Chilosi, Paola Cipriani, Alice Mancini, Angela Cosenza, Raffaella Tancredi, Sara Calderoni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Language and communication; sex/gender; Autism Spectrum Disorder; children

Online: 26 June 2023 (13:54:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0211.v1

Klotho Regulated by Estrogen Plays a Key Role in Sex Differences in Stress Resilience

Zhinei Tan, Yongxia Li, Yinzheng Guan, Javed Iqbal, Chenyue Wang, Xinming Ma

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: klotho; estrogen; hippocampus; chronic stress; sex difference; stress resilience

Online: 13 December 2022 (01:09:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0091.v1

Sex Specific Differences in Response to Calorie Restriction in Skeletal Muscle of Young Rats

Margalida Torrens-Mas, Cayetano Navas-Enamorado, Devin Wahl, Andres Sanchez-Polo, Anna Picca, Jordi Oliver, Pilar Roca, Marta Gonzalez-Freire

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: calorie restriction; aging; inflammation; autophagy; senescence.; skeletal muscle

Online: 6 September 2022 (11:01:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0168.v1

Fine Motor Precision Tasks: Sex Differences in Performance with and without Visual Guidance across Different Age Groups

Liudmila Liutsko, Ruben Muinos, Josep Maria Tous Ral, María José Contreras

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: fine motor precision; vision; proprioception; sex differences; individual differences; personality

Online: 15 November 2019 (03:46:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1132.v1

Immunological Misfiring and Sex Differences/Similarities in Early COVID-19 Studies: Missed Opportunities of Making a Real IMPACT

Aditi Bhargava, Johannes D Knapp

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: coagulopathy; COVID-19; CXCL; dendritic cells; ICU; IL6; IL7; IFN; sex differences and similarities

Online: 16 August 2023 (07:57:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0025.v1

Sex Differences in Response to Marek’s Disease: Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Regions (QTLRs) to the Z Chromosome

Ehud Lipkin, Jacqueline Smith, Morris Soller, David Burt, Janet Elizabeth Fulton

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Marek’s Disease; QTLR; chicken Z chromosome; sexual dimorphism; linkage disequilibrium; LD blocks

Online: 1 December 2022 (10:28:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0168.v1

The sex Differences in Blood Pressure and Cardiac Autonomic Modulation during the Menopause Transition at Rest and after Aerobic Exercise Training

Maycon Jr Ferreira, Rodrigo D. Esposti, Aline O. Jarrete, Carlos H. G. Sponton, Angelina Zanesco

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: sex differences; blood pressure; redox state; perimenopausal women; nitric oxide

Online: 12 December 2019 (09:43:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0409.v1

Are There Sex Differences in Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment in Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Daniela Caldirola, Tatiana Torti, Francesco Cuniberti, Silvia Daccò, Alessandra Alciati, Koen Schruers, Giovanni Martinotti, Domenico De Berardis, Giampaolo Perna

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: childhood trauma; major depressive disorder; bipolar disorder; sex difference; age

Online: 31 May 2022 (03:39:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0398.v1

Sex Differences in Photoprotective Responses to 1,25- Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Mice are Modulated by the Estrogen Receptor-β

Wannit Tongkao-on, Chen Yang, Bianca Y McCarthy, Warusavithana GM De Silva, Mark S Rybchyn, Clare Gordon-Thomson, Katie M Dixon, Gary M Halliday, Vivienne E Reeve, Rebecca S. Mason

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: 1α,25-dihydroxyvitaminD3; photoprotection; DNA damage; cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers; edema; photoimmune suppression; female vs male mice; ER-β knockout

Online: 16 December 2020 (08:49:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0670.v1

Sex Differences in Context-Driven Reinstatement of Methamphetamine Seeking Is Associated with Distinct Neuroadaptations in the Dentate Gyrus

Yoshio Takashima, Joyee Tseng, McKenzie J. Fannon, Dvijen C. Purohit, Leon W. Quach, Michael J. Terranova, Khush M. Kharidia, Robert J. Oliver, Chitra D. Mandyam

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: granule cell neurons; electrophysiology; GluN; CaMKII; choline acetyltransferase

Online: 29 October 2018 (10:26:42 CET)

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The present study examined differences in operant responses in adult male and female rats during distinct phases of addiction. Males and females demonstrated escalation in methamphetamine (0.05 mg/kg, i.v.) intake with females showing enhanced latency to escalate, and bingeing. Following protracted abstinence, females show reduced responses during extinction, and have greater latency to extinguish compared with males, indicating reduced craving. Females demonstrated lower context-driven reinstatement compared to males, indicating that females have less motivational significance to the context associated with methamphetamine. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings on dentate gyrus (DG) granule cell neurons (GCNs) were performed in acute brain slices from controls and methamphetamine experienced male and female rats and neuronal excitability were evaluated from GCNs. Reinstatement of methamphetamine seeking reduced spiking in males, and increased spiking in females compared to controls, demonstrating distinct neuroadaptations in intrinsic excitability of GCNs in males and females. Reduced excitability of GCNs in males were associated with enhanced levels of neural progenitor cells, expression of plasticity-related proteins including CaMKII and choline acetyltransferase in the DG. Enhanced excitability in females were associated with increased GluN2A/2B ratio, indicating changes in postsynaptic GluN subunit composition in the DG. Altered intrinsic excitability of GCNs were associated with reduced mossy fiber terminals in the hilus and pyramidal projections, demonstrating compromised neuroplasticity in the DG in both sexes. The alterations in excitability, plasticity-related proteins and mossy fiber density were correlated with enhanced activation of microglial cells in the hilus, indicating neuroimmune responses in both sexes. Together, the present results indicate sexually dimorphic adaptive biochemical changes in excitatory neurotransmitter systems in the DG and highlight the importance of including sex as a biological variable in exploring neuroplasticity and neuroimmune changes that predict enhanced relapse to methamphetamine-seeking behaviors.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0867.v1

Sex Differences In Glomerular Lesions, Atherosclerosis Progression, And In The Response To Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors In The Apoe^-/- Mice Model

Adrián Mallén, Ronny Rodriguez-Urquia, Rafael Alvarez, Eduard Dorca-Duch, Estanis Navarro, Miguel Hueso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Sex differences; Chronic Kidney Disease; Atherosclerosis; Foam Cells; Parietal Epithelial Cells (PECs); Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEi)

Online: 13 June 2023 (03:22:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0295.v1

Sex Differences in Nutritional Status and Associated Risk Factors Among Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Patients in Lahore, Pakistan; A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

Amina Faheem, Qaisar Raza, Sanaullah Iqbal, Rakhshanda Batool, Umer Faheem

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases; Sex differences; Pakistani; Dietary intake patterns

Online: 23 May 2022 (10:30:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0152.v1

Eugenio Martelli, Matilde Zamboni, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi, Massimo Federici, Giuseppe Massimo Sangiorgi, Mariangela Valentina Puci, Allegra Rosa Martelli, Teresa Messina, Paolo Frigatti, Maria Pia Borrelli, Carlo Ruotolo, Ilaria Ficarelli, Paolo Rubino, Francesco Pezzo, Luciano Carbonari, Andrea Angelini, Edoardo Galeazzi, Luca Calia Di Pinto, Franco Michelino Fiore, Armado Palmieri, Giorgio Ventoruzzo, Giulia Mazzitelli, Franco Ragni, Antonio Bozzani, Enzo Forliti, Claudio Castagno, Pietro Volpe, Mafalda Massara, Diego Moniaci, Elisa Pagliasso, Tania Peretti, Mauro Ferrari, Nicola Troisi, Pietro Modugno, Maurizio Maiorano, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Marco Panagrosso, Mario Monaco, Giovanni Giordano, Giuseppe Natalicchio, Antonella Biello, Giovanni Maria Celoria, Alessio Amico, Mauro Di Bartolo, Massimiliano Martelli, Roberta Munaó, Davide Razzano, Giovanni Colacchio, Francesco Bussetti, Gaetano Lanza, Antonio Cardini, Bartolomeo Di Benedetto, Mario De Laurentis, Maurizio Taurino, Pasqualino Sirignano, Pierluigi Cappiello, Andrea Esposito, Santi Trimarchi, Silvia Romagnoli, Andrea Padricelli, Giorgio Giudice, Adolfo Crinisio, Giovanni Di Nardo, Giuseppe Battaglia, Rosario Tringale, Salvatore De Vivo, Rita Compagna, Valerio Stefano Tolva, Ilenia D'Alessio, Ruggiero Curci, Simona Giovannetti, Giuseppe D'Arrigo, Giusi Basile, Dalmazio Frigerio, Gian Franco Veraldi, Luca Mezzetto, Arnaldo Ippoliti, Fabio Massimo Oddi, Alberto Maria Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: chronic limb-threatening ischemia; outcome; sex; age; limb salvage

Online: 8 December 2022 (09:39:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0288.v1

Sex Differences in the Associations of Nutrient Patterns with Total and Regional Adiposity: A Study of Middle-Aged Black South African Men and Women

Tshifhiwa Ratshikombo, Julia H. Goedecke, Melikhaya Soboyisi, Clement Kufe, Maphoko Masemola, Lisa K Micklesfield, Tinashe Chikowore

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Nutrient patterns; Obesity; Sex differences; Total and regional adiposity; South Africa

Online: 20 October 2021 (10:17:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1037.v1

Uterine Tumor Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor (UTROSCT): A Rare Polyphenotypic Neoplasm

Giovanna Giordano, Debora Guareschi, Elena Thai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Uterine Tumor Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Stromal Tumor; Uterine mesenchymal neoplasm; Polyphenotypic Neoplasm; Prognosis.

Online: 16 April 2024 (10:50:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1551.v1

Sex aspects in lipoprotein metabolism, dyslipidemia, and lipid-lowering therapy: A comprehensive review

Jakub Michal Zimodro, Magda Mucha, Heiner K. Berthold, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; cholesterol; dyslipidemia; lipid-lowering therapy; women; sex differences

Online: 22 June 2024 (08:56:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1368.v1

Differences in Movement Patterns Related to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk in Elite Judokas According to Sex: A Cross‐Sectional Clinical Approach Study

Francisco J Prados-Barbero, Eleuterio A. Sánchez Romero, Juan Nicolás Cuenca-Zaldívar, Francisco Selva-Sarzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament; judo; biomechanics; knee injury; gender differences

Online: 20 September 2023 (08:40:06 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0266.v1

Comparative Study of Epithelial Entry Gene Expression of SARS-Cov-2 and Other Human Viral Species in Asthma: Differences by Sex, Airway Location Aand Disease Endotype

Mackenzie Coden, Lucas Loffredo, Hiam Abdala-Valencia, Sergejs Berdnikovs

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; SARS; HCoV-229E; MERS; influenza; virus; epithelium; asthma; allergy; inflammation; sexual dimorphism; gene expression

Online: 14 January 2021 (12:37:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1480.v1

Additional Sex Combs-Like Family Associated with Epigenetic Regulation

Nackhyoung Kim, Sukyoung Byun, Soo-Jong Um

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: ASXL; Epigenetics; Mechanism; Chromatin; Regulation; Transcription

Online: 23 April 2024 (10:08:32 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0402.v1

Perspective on Sex and Regeneration

Moshe Reuveni

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Regeneration; asexual propagation; multicellular organisms; wound repair; maturation

Online: 19 August 2021 (11:27:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1318.v1

Cortical Organotypic Brain Slice Cultures to Examine Sex- and Age-Dependent Astrocyte-Mediated Synaptic Phagocytosis

Anastasiia Nagumanova, Lea R. Seeholzer, Barbara Di Benedetto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Organotypic brain slice culture; astrocyte; phagocytosis; synaptic elimination; prefrontal cortex; critical period; major depressive disorder

Online: 17 September 2024 (11:42:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0213.v1

Independent Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in Eublepharid Geckos, a Lineage with Environmental and Genotypic Sex Determination

Eleonora Pensabene, Lukáš Kratochvíl, Michail Rovatsos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Gekkota; reptiles; DNA-seq; sex chromosomes; sex determination; qPCR

Online: 5 November 2020 (14:14:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0066.v1

The Effects of Load on Transmural Differences in Contraction of Isolated Mouse Ventricular Cardiomyocytes

Anastasia Khokhlova, Gentaro Iribe, Leonid Katsnelson, Keiji Naruse, Olga Solovyova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: ventricular transmural heterogeneity; cellular mechanics; load dependency; calcium transient; mechano-calcium feedback

Online: 13 December 2016 (09:49:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1545.v1

Perceived Overqualification, Constructive Deviant Behaviour and Intergenerational Differences: Evidence from China

Xiulan Meng, Xiaohua Yu, Xiulan Meng

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Human Resources And Organizations Keywords: perceived overqualification; constructive deviant behaviour; transformational leadership; intergenerational differences

Online: 24 July 2024 (10:29:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0078.v1

Gender Differences in Performing an Overhead Drilling Task Using an Exoskeleton- a Cross-Sectional Study

Bettina Wollesen, Julia Katharina Graef, Sander De Bock, Eligia Alfio, Maria Alejandra Diaz, Kevin De Pauw

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: supportive systems; gender comparison; over-shoulder working task

Online: 3 September 2024 (05:28:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0349.v1

Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Differences in Clinical Characteristics in A Population of Patients Affected by Severe Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures

Isabella Nardone, Rossella Antonelli, Simona Zaccaria, Sium Wolde Sellasie, Stefania Falcone, Chiara Pecchioli, Laura Giurato, Luigi Uccioli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Osteoporosis; diabetes mellitus; fragility fractures; Bone Mineral Density (BMD); Trabecular Bone Score (TBS); bone fragility

Online: 6 February 2024 (13:36:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2267.v1

Expert and Novice Teachers’ Cognitive Neural Differences in Understanding Students’ Classroom Action Intentions

Yishan Lin, Rui Li, Jesús Ribosa Martinez, David Duran Gisbert, Binghai Sun

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Expert-novice teacher; Understanding of intentions; Classroom actions; Teachers' professional insight; event-related potential

Online: 2 September 2024 (12:00:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0524.v1

Differences in Diet Assessment and Body Composition among Young Spanish Elite Footballers: Morning Training vs. Evening Training

Antonio Almendros-Ruiz, Jose Antonio Latorre, Javier Conde-Pipo, José Fernández-Martínez, Darío Acuña-Castroviejo, Bernardo Requena, Miguel Mariscal-Arcas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: football; soccer; body composition; exercise time of day; training schedule

Online: 6 September 2024 (10:55:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1306.v1

Influence of Patient Position-Related Differences in Intra- and Postoperative Implications on Major Anesthesia Parameters in Posterior Fossa Surgery

Oana Maria Radu, Georgeta Magdalena Balaci, Daniel Corneliu Leucuța, Vlad Ioan Moisescu, Cristina Munteanu, Stefan Ioan Florian

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: hemodynamic implications; venous air embolism; sitting position; park-bench position; EtCO2; pneumocephalus; postoperative hematoma

Online: 17 September 2024 (10:42:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1521.v1

Key Aroma Differences in Volatile Compounds of Aged Feng-flavored baijiu Determined using Sensory Descriptive Analysis and GC×GC–TOFMS

Jinmei Ren, Zhi jian Li, Wei Jia

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: feng-flavored baijiu; sensory descriptive analysis; GC×; GC– TOFMS; chemometrics; key differential compounds

Online: 24 April 2024 (02:48:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0766.v1

Analysis of Metabolite Differences in Co-culture of Trichoderma atroviride and Metarhizium anisopliae Based on LC-MSnon-Targeted Metabolomics

Yongkun Wang, Jingyi Liu, Yi Han, Lusheng Chen, Bo Lang, Hongyi Liu, Yaqian Li, Jie Chen, Xinhua Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Trichoderma atroviride; Metarhizium anisopliae; non-targeted metabolomics

Online: 13 May 2024 (12:30:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0845.v1

Sex-specific Impact of Lifestyle Factors on Sick Leave in Serbian Working Population: Findings from the National Health Survey

Snezana Knezevic, Tamara Gajic, Nela Djonovic, Sara Knezevic, Dragan Vukolic, Tatjana Marinkovic, Nikoleta Janicijevic, Dragan Vasiljevic, Slavica Djordjevic, Dragan Marinkovic, Dalibor Stajic

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: sick leave; work; healthy lifestyle; lifestyle risk factors; Serbia

Online: 11 September 2024 (10:46:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0750.v1

Identifying Bias in Social and Health Research: Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences Using the Alignment Approach

Ioannis Tsaousis, And Fathima M. Jaffari

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: measurement invariance; MGCFA; alignment method; configural invariance; latent means; P-GAT

Online: 12 July 2023 (07:31:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0380.v2

Considerations and Challenges for Sex-Aware Drug Repurposing

Jennifer Fisher, Emma Jones, Victoria Flanary, Avery Williams, Elizabeth Ramsey, Brittany Lasseigne

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: sex differences; drug repurposing; sex-bias; sex-aware; review; therapeutics; pharmaceuticals; computational drug repurposing

Online: 8 March 2022 (10:34:42 CET)

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Sex differences are essential factors in disease etiology and manifestation in many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration (1). The biological influence of sex differences (including genomic, epigenetic, hormonal, immunological, and metabolic differences between males and females) and the lack of biomedical studies considering sex differences in their study design has led to several policies. For example, the National Institute of Health’s (NIH) sex as a biological variable (SABV) and Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER)) policies to motivate researchers to consider sex differences (2). However, drug repurposing, a promising alternative to traditional drug discovery by identifying novel uses for FDA-approved drugs, lacks sex-aware methods that can improve the identification of drugs that have sex-specific responses (1,3–5). Sex-aware drug repurposing methods either select drug candidates that are more efficacious in one sex or deprioritize drug candidates based on if they are predicted to cause a sex-bias adverse event (SBAE), unintended therapeutic effects that are more likely to occur in one sex. Computational drug repurposing methods are encouraging approaches to develop for sex-aware drug repurposing because they can prioritize sex-specific drug candidates or SBAEs at lower cost and time than traditional drug discovery. Sex-aware methods currently exist for clinical, genomic, and transcriptomic information (3,6,7). They have not expanded to other data types, such as DNA variation, which has been beneficial in other drug repurposing methods that do not consider sex (8). Additionally, some sex-aware methods suffer from poorer performance because a disproportionate number of male and female samples are available to train computational methods (3). However, there is development potential for several different categories (i.e., data mining, ligand binding predictions, molecular associations, and networks). Low-dimensional representations of molecular association and network approaches are also especially promising candidates for future sex-aware drug repurposing methodologies because they reduce the multiple hypothesis testing burden and capture sex-specific variation better than the other methods (9,10). Here we review how sex influences drug response, the current state of drug repurposing including with respect to sex-bias drug response, and how model organism study design choices influence drug repurposing validation.

Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0518.v1

Plant Sexual Reproduction: Perhaps the current plant two-sex model should be replaced with three- and four-sex models?

Scott Meissner

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: alternation of generations; fertilization; gametophyte; mating; meiosis; plant sexual reproduction; sporophyte

Online: 26 October 2020 (11:49:53 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0127.v1

Sex Determining Mechanisms in Bivalves

Sophie Breton, Charlotte Capt, Davide Guerra, Donald Stewart

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: sex determination; exual systems; bivalvia; mitochondria

Online: 30 June 2017 (07:28:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1239.v1

Stakeholders' Perceptions Regarding the Impact of the Working Environment on the Occupational Safety, Health, and Well-Being of Street-Based Sex Workers in Brussels

Sophie Gateault, Carita Håkansson, Anna Oudin

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: street-based sex workers; sex workers; sex work; occupational health; occupational safety and health; Belgium; Brussels; decriminalization law

Online: 16 September 2024 (14:12:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0962.v1

Clinical Variables and Peripheral Biomarkers Associated with Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder: Which Differences between Alcohol, Cannabis and Psychostimulants?

Martina Di Paolo, Antonia Calabrese, Guido Nosari, Valentina Ciappolino, Luisa Cirella, Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: alcohol; cannabis; clinical variables; peripheral biomarkers; psychostimulants; substance-induced psychotic disorder

Online: 19 February 2024 (14:34:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0063.v1

Relationship Between Serum Concentration of Sex Hormone Binding Globulin, Age, and Testosterone Levels in Men

Aleksei Igorevich Ryzhkov, Svetlana Yuryevna Sokolova, Alexandra Evgenievna Vasilyeva, Igor Sergeevich Shormanov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: sex hormone binding globulin; SHBG; male hypogonadism; free testosterone

Online: 1 July 2024 (15:01:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1526.v4

Theory of Differences between Elements: Explanation of the Differences between Quantum Physics and the Theory of General Relativity

Carlos Eduardo Ramos Cardoso

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: feature losses; feature gains; quantum physics; and general relativity theory

Online: 17 June 2024 (08:00:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0180.v1

Unanswered Questions Regarding Sex and BMP/TGF-β Signaling

Tapan A. Shah, Melissa B. Rogers

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: BMP; TGF-β; signaling; sex; chromosomes; XIST; genomic imprinting; hormones; fibrosis

Online: 11 May 2018 (09:49:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1112.v1

Effect of Sex, Age and Temperature on the Functional Response of Macrolophus pygmaeus Ramber and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae), on Eggs of Tuta absoluta

Eleni Yiacoumi, Nikos A. Kouloussis, Dimitrios S. Koveos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: M. pygmaeus; N. tenuis; Miridae; T.absoluta; functional response; tomato; sex; adult age; temperature; predator

Online: 17 April 2024 (11:57:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0347.v1

Strain, Sex, and Time Dependent Antidepressant-like Effects of Cannabidiol

Gabriela Pandini Silote, Michelle C. Gatto, Amanda Eskelund, Francisco S. Guimarães, Gregers Wegener, Sâmia R. L. Joca

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cannabidiol; S-Ketamine; Sex; Mice strain; Flinders Sensitive Line rats; Tail suspension test; Forced Swim Test.

Online: 25 October 2021 (12:32:45 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0338.v1

Androgens, QT, Sex and Ventricular Repolarization: A Double-Edged Sword

Melissa Y.Y. Moey, Marie Wilkin, Estelle Gandjbakhch, Anne Bachelot, Baptiste Abbar, Bruno Pinna, Jean-Marc Simon, Christian Funck-Brentano, Joe-Elie Salem

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: testosterone; androgens; QT; Torsade de pointes; ventricular repolarization

Online: 16 August 2021 (12:53:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0128.v1

The Size and Content of the Sex-Determining Region of the Y Chromosome in Dioecious Mercurialis annua, a Plant with Homomorphic Sex Chromosomes

Paris Veltsos, Guillaume Cossard, Emmanuel Beaudoing, Genséric Beydon, Camille Roux, Santiago C. González-Martínez, John R. Pannell

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: bacterial artificial chromosomes; RNAseq; genetic map; transposable element; gene density

Online: 10 April 2018 (10:49:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0030.v1

Differences in the Bacteriome of Smokeless Tobacco Products with Different Oral Carcinogenicity: Compositional and Predicted Functional Analysis

Nezar Noor Al-hebshi, Fahd Ali Alharbi, Mohammed Mahri, Tsute Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: bacteria; bacteriome; carcinoma; microbiome; mouth; smokeless; snuff; tobacco

Online: 6 March 2017 (07:18:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1765.v1

Cybersickness in Virtual Reality: The Role of Individual Differences, Effects on Cognitive Functions &Amp; Motor Skills, and Intensity Differences during and after Immersion

Panagiotis Kourtesis, Agapi Papadopoulou, Petros Roussos

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Virtual Reality; Cybersickness; VR Sickness; Motion Sickness; Cognition; Motor Skills; Pupil Dilation; Gaming Experience; Immersion; Susceptibility

Online: 27 October 2023 (10:44:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0118.v1

Uncovering Spatio-Temporal and Treatment-Derived Differences in the Molecular Physiology of a Model Coral-Dinoflagellate Mutualism with Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Anderson Mayfield

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: acclimation; coral reefs; endosymbiosis; molecular biology; multivariate statistics; temperature; upwelling

Online: 11 August 2016 (11:03:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1538.v2

Is the Myasthenia Gravis (MG) the Result of Age and Sex/Gender? A Narrative Review for Identifying Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers for a Differential MG Management in Old and Young Women

Giuseppe Schirò, Tiziana Colletti, tommaso piccoli, paolo ragonese, giuseppe salemi, Carmela Rita Balistreri, marco d'amelio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Myasthenia gravis (MG); age and sex/gender; two different forms; genetic and epigenetic factors

Online: 30 April 2024 (11:46:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1317.v1

Sex-Specific Variation in Metabolic Responses to Diet

Reya R. Andrews, Jean L. Fry

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: sexual dimorphism; dietary patterns; metabolic health; type 2 diabetes; insulin; glucose tolerance; body composition; cardiometabolic; sex difference; dietsexual dimorphism; dietary patterns; metabolic health; type 2 diabetes; insulin; glucose tolerance; body composition; cardiometabolic; sex difference; diet

Online: 16 July 2024 (10:01:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1168.v1

Raising Awareness about Sex Trafficking Among School Personnel

Elena Savoia, Amy Liu, Amy Leffler, Léa Kay Nadril Churchill, Maxwell Su

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: sex trafficking; human trafficking; schools; teachers; adolescents

Online: 18 June 2024 (12:13:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1012.v1

LGR5+ Intestinal Stem Cells Display Sex Dependent Radiosensitivity

Ryan C. Zitter, Rishi Man Chugh, Payel Bhanja, Subhrajit Saha

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: LGR5+; radiosensitivity; oxidative-stress; ISCs

Online: 15 November 2023 (13:57:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0165.v1

Do Sex Hormones Influence the Helmholtz-Kohlrausch Effect?

Brian K Foutch

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: Helmholtz-Kohlrausch effect; luminance; brightness; saturation; contraception; menstrual cycle; hormones

Online: 12 July 2022 (03:53:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0675.v1

Sex-biased Expression of Pharmacogenes Across Human Tissues

Maria Laura Idda, ILARIA CAMPESI, Giovanni Fiorito, Andrea Vecchietti, Silvana Anna Maria Urru, Maria Giuliana Solinas, Flavia Franconi, Matteo Floris

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: pharmacogenes; transcripts; sex-bias; drug metabolism; sex differences

Online: 28 June 2021 (15:08:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1613.v1

Morphometric Differences in Sperm Subpopulations in Frozen-Thawed Semen of Two Bovine Subspecies

Francisco Sevilla, Ignacio Araya-Zúñiga, Miguel A Silvestre, Juan Solís, Manuel Barrientos, Carine Dahl-Corcini, Luis Víquez, Anthony Valverde

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Biology; cattle; spermatozoa; subspecies; morphometry analysis; subpopulation

Online: 22 August 2024 (05:58:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0264.v1

Timothy Gustavo Cavazzotto, Natã Gomes de Lima Stavinski, Marcos Roberto Queiroga, Michael Pereira da Silva, Edilson Serpeloni Cyrino, Helio Serassuelo Junior, Edgar Ramos Vieira

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: exercise; marriage; sedentary behavior; gender; age groups; behavioral risk factors surveillance system

Online: 15 November 2021 (13:44:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1375.v1

Demographic Differences and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Visual Perception in Commercialized Historic Streets Based on Mobile Eye Tracking

Siyu Zheng, Jiaxin Zhang, Rui Zu, Yunqin Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Historic Streets; Environmental Attractiveness; Visual Perception; Temporal Shifts in Attention; Mobile Eye-Tracking Technology

Online: 21 May 2024 (12:16:13 CEST)

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The commercialization of historic streets constitutes a pivotal aspect of urban cultural heritage, and the comprehension of their visual perception serves as a valuable asset to urban planning and cultural conservation efforts. However, current research concerning the disparities in visual perception among diverse demographics within historic streets, as well as their spatiotemporal dynamics, remains insufficient. This study aims to utilize mobile eye-tracking technology to delve deeply into the visual perception characteristics of diverse demographics within commercialized historic streets, while also analyzing their spatiotemporal dynamics. We explore the disparities in visual perception of historic streets among groups with varying degrees of architectural knowledge and professional literacy. Through meticulous observation using mobile eye-tracking technology, we elucidate the visual perception patterns of different demographic characteristics through statistical analysis and spatiotemporal modeling. The findings reveal significant discrepancies in visual attention and perception among various groups. Participants with a higher understanding of architecture tend to focus more on architectural details and structures within the streetscape compared to those with a lower understanding, who exhibit greater interest in elements such as shops and signage. Moreover, during the process of perceiving the streetscape, participants’ eye movements transition from surrounding landscapes and historical edifices upon initial entry to the district, gradually shifting towards the commercial activities and distinctive architecture within the district. This study delves deeply into the visual perception characteristics and spatiotemporal dynamics of commercialized historic streets, providing invaluable insights for urban planning and cultural preservation endeavors. By revealing the impact of different demographic characteristics on the visual perception of historic streets, it offers new insights for urban planning and cultural heritage conservation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0765.v1

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: Association between Sex and Comorbidity

Esther Toledano, Luis Gómez-Lechón, Carolina Cristina Chacón, Cristina Hidalgo, Marta Ibañez, Antonio Marquez, Carlos Montilla

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Arthritis Psoriatic; Gender perspective; Comorbidities ;

Online: 14 February 2024 (09:41:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1142.v1

Editing Metabolism, Sex, and Microbiome: How can we Help Poplar Resist Pathogens?

Maxim A. Kovalev, Natalya S. Gladysh, Alina S. Bogdanova, Nadezhda L. Bolsheva, Mikhail I. Popchenko, Anna V. Kudryavtseva

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Populus; plant pathogens; plant immunity; plant microbiome; plant sex

Online: 15 December 2023 (08:50:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0777.v1

Examining The Psychoactive Differences Between Kratom Strains

Guido Huisman, Maximilian Menke, Oliver Grundmann, Rudy Schreiber, Natasha Mason

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: natural products; alkaloids; mitragynine; 7-hydroxymitragynine

Online: 13 June 2023 (10:42:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0355.v1

Risk Assessment of Transgender People: Development of Rodent Models Mimicking Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapies and Identification of Sex-Dimorphic Liver Genes as Novel Biomarkers of Sex Transition

Roberta Tassinari, Alessia Tammaro, Gabriele Lori, Sabrina Tait, Andrea Martinelli, Luigia Cangemi, Paolo Frassanito, Francesca Maranghi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: testosterone; estrogen; cyprotenone acetate; masculinizing; feminizing; cytochrome P450; sex-specific genes

Online: 18 November 2022 (10:10:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0389.v1

Differences in Civic and Citizenship Education Between Latin American and European Countries

Geovanny Castro-Aristizabal, Gregorio Giménez Esteban, Juan Pablo Sánchez Celi, Felipe Acosta-Ortega

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: civic education; cultural activities; social behavior; Latin America; Europe

Online: 21 December 2022 (06:57:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0278.v1

Dejan Brkić

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Flow friction, Pipeline networks, Waterworks, Natural gas

Online: 15 August 2018 (16:02:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0391.v1

Biopsychosocial impediments in MS: Gender Differences and Impact of Quality of Life on Neuropsychological Function: Multicenter study

Maisaa Ghanim Al Dhahri, Mai Helmy, Neeraja Rajeev, Aseel Al Toubi, Hiba Al-Abdali, Abdullah Al-Asmi, Iman Redha Al-Lawati, Issa Al-Adawi, Lakshmanan Jeyaseelan, Samir Al-Adawi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, neuropsychological performance, gender differences, quality of life, and cognitive functioning

Online: 5 September 2024 (09:28:07 CEST)

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Background/Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by various clinical presentations and manifestations that include biopsychosocial impediments. This study has three interrelated goals relevant to biopsychosocial functioning. The first is to compare cognitive, neuropsychological, and affective functioning and quality of life between patients with MS (PwMS) and a control group. The second is to examine whether cognitive and neuropsychological performance is affected by gender, and the third is to examine whether variation in QoL hinges on cognitive neuropsychological performance. Methods: This multicenter study was carried out among clinically stable PwMS under follow-up in two tertiary care units in urban Oman. Healthy controls, matched for age and sex, were also recruited as a comparison group. Data were collected using cognitive batteries sensitive to current reasoning ability and conventional neuropsychological batteries designed to measure verbal learning, visual-spatial ability, and processing speed. The affective range (anxiety and depressive symptoms) and quality of life (QoL) were also assessed. Results: The PwMS group scored lower on current reasoning ability, verbal learning, visual-spatial ability, and processing speed compared with the control group. The incidence of anxiety was higher in the PwMS group but there was no statistically significant difference in depressive symptoms. No significant differences were found in cognitive variables between the two sexes, except in visual-spatial ability, where women outperformed men. PwMS with low QoL scored lower on the attention and concentration indices than those with adequate QoL. According to QoL, no significant differences were observed in reasoning, verbal learning, and visual-spatial ability. Conclusions: The present sentinel study suggests that the Omani cohort with MS tends to have lower indices of current reasoning ability, visual and spatial memory and cognitive speed compared to control subjects. Gender differences are minimal, except for visual-spatial abilities where women outperform men. Quality of life significantly affects cognitive functioning. In general, the biopsychosocial impediment appears to be significant, indicating the need for comprehensive evaluation and care in the management of MS.

Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0207.v2

Sex Age Annotated Omics Data: Enabling Powerful Omics Studies

Pietro Hiram Guzzi, Francesca Cortese, Raffaele Giancotti, Ugo Lomoio, Barbara Puccio, Patrizia Vizza, Giuseppe Tradigo, Pierangelo Veltri

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: Annotation; Biological Databases; Aging Analysis

Online: 15 March 2023 (02:00:02 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0060.v1

Some Potentially Strategic Considerations for the Sex-Bot Industry

Glenn W. Smith

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: sexually-enable robot; sex-bot

Online: 8 January 2018 (09:56:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1262.v1

Gender-Based Clinical, Therapeutic Strategies and Prognosis Differences in Atrial Fibrillation

Aurelio Quesada, Javier Quesada-Ocete, Blanca Quesada-Ocete, Victor Del Moral-Ronda, Javier Jiménez-Bello, Ricardo Rubini-Costa, Carl J. Lavie, Daniel P. Morin, Fernando De la Guía-Galipienso, Ricardo Rubini-Puig, Fabian Sanchis-Gomar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atrial fibrillation; gender; electrical cardioversion; heart failure; mortality

Online: 17 August 2023 (07:15:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0272.v1

Gender Differences in Psychological Symptoms and Psychotherapeutic Processes in Japanese Children

Toshio Kawai, Yuka Suzuki, Chihiro Hatanaka, Hiasae Konakawa, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Aya Uchida

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Gender Differences; Tic disorder; Selective Mutism; Trichotillomania; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Aggression

Online: 13 October 2020 (10:45:13 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0359.v1

Land Use Differences Across Socioeconomic Boundaries and Implications for Air Quality

Daniel L. Mendoza

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Land Cover; LIDAR; Sociodemographics; Built Environment; Urban Form; Air Quality; Social Justice; Environmental Justice; Policy; Localized Action.

Online: 16 September 2020 (11:15:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0322.v1

Ethnic Differences in Home Related Maternal Stress: Muslim and Jewish Mothers

Diana Saadi, Emanuel Tirosh, Keren Agay-Shay, Izhak Schnell

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Parentalstress; Maternal stress; Heart rate variability as an index of parental stress; Socio-economic; demographic; environmental and gender factors associated with maternal stress

Online: 28 October 2019 (12:06:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1759.v1

Sex-Biased Associations of Circulating Ferroptosis Inhibitors with Reduced Lipid Peroxidation and Better Neurocognitive Performance in People with HIV

Harpreet Kaur, Ravi Kumar Alluri, Kunling Wu, Robert C Kalayjian, William S Bush, Frank J Palella, Susan L Koletar, Corrilynn O Hileman, Kristine M Erlandson, Ronald J Ellis, Roger J Bedimo, Babafemi O Taiwo, Katherine K Tassiopoulos, Asha R Kallianpur

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: HIV; ferritin heavy-chain; ferritin light-chain; ferroptosis; lipid peroxidation; iron; oxidative stress; neurocognitive impairment; neurocognitive domains

Online: 24 August 2024 (00:22:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2185.v1

Sex Hormones in COVID-19 Severity: The Quest for Evidence and Influence Mechanisms

Haiqing Xiao, Lunzhi Yuan, Jiayuan Li, Chang Zhang, Gang Liu, Xuan Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Hormone; Gender; Immune response

Online: 28 December 2023 (15:14:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1276.v1

Understanding Transcription Factors and How They Affect Metabolic Processes in Cucumber Sex Determination

Szymon Turek, Aparna Aparna, Agnieszka Skarzyńska, Wojciech Pląder, Magdalena Pawełkowicz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: transcription factors; interactome network; sex development; sex determination; Cucumber (Cucumis sativus); metabolomic processes

Online: 1 May 2023 (00:01:26 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0363.v1

Exceptionally Rare Genomic Combinations to Skip Sex: Blending Old Ideas and New Data

Diego Hojsgaard, Manfred Schartl

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: amphimixis; apomixis; gynogenesis; hybridogenesis; parthenogenesis

Online: 25 February 2020 (06:40:06 CET)

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The unusual occurrence and developmental diversity of asexual eukaryotes still remain a puzzle. Despite asexual organisms have a theorized two-fold reproductive advantage over sexuals, asexual lineages are rare among multicellular eukaryotes. Justification of such disparity relies on the consequences of a lack of meiosis, which restricts genotype diversity and adaptation to novel conditions while accelerating the genetic degeneration that drives asexual lineages to an early demise. However, evidence indicates asexuals use different strategies to limit negative consequences of ameiosis, and age estimates show some asexual vertebrates and plants are much older than expected. If rapid extinction is not a factor influencing asexuals lifespan, then why asexuals are not more frequent? Here we review traditional ideas and new data and provide a novel unified evolutionary frame to understand the intriguing nature, developmental diversity and maintenance of asexual lineages. As a rule, de novo formation of a functioning asexual genome requires a unique assemblage combining particular sets of genes or gene states to disrupt cellular mechanisms of meiosis and gametogenesis, and affect discrete components of sexuality to produce clonal or hemiclonal offspring. We highlight two usually overlooked but essential conditions to understand the molecular nature of clonal organisms, i.e. a non-recombinant genomic assemblage retaining modifiers of the sexual program, and a complementation between altered reproductive components. These subtle conditions are the basis for physiologically viable and genetically balanced transitions between generations. Genomic and developmental evidence from asexual animals and plants indicates the lack of complementation of molecular changes in the sexual reproductive program is likely the main cause of asexuals' rarity, and can provide an explanatory frame for the developmental diversity and lability of developmental patterns in some asexuals as well as for the discordant time to extinction estimations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0107.v1

Molecular Sex Identification in Dioecious Hippophae rhamnoides L. via RAPD and SCAR Markers

Wu Zhou, Yuwei Wang, Gong Zhang, Guangxiang Luan, Shasha Chen, Jing Meng, Honglun Wang, Na Hu, Yourui Suo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Hippophae rhamnoides L.; dioecious; sex determination; RAPD; SCAR

Online: 9 April 2018 (10:48:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0019.v1

Ethnic Differences in the Food Intake Patterns and Its Association Factors of Adolescents in Malaysia

Nurul-Fadhilah Abdullah, Pey Sze Teo, Leng Huat Foo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary patterns, food-frequency questionnaire, dietary, lifestyle practices, adolescents

Online: 5 September 2016 (14:46:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2074.v1

Gender Differences in the Severity of Cadmium Nephropathy

Supabhorn Yimthiang, David A. Vesey, Glenda C. Gobe, Phisit Pouyfung, Tanaporn Khamphaya, Soisungwan Satarug

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: β2-microglobulin; cadmium; diabetes; GFR; hypertension; smoking; tubular proteinuria

Online: 29 June 2023 (07:23:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0149.v1

Virtual Team Adaptation: Management Perspective on individual Differences

Ganga Sajeewani Karunathilaka

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: virtual team adaptation; individual differences; management perspective

Online: 10 March 2022 (12:54:03 CET)

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