BBC Russian

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1130.v1

Mechanism for Enhancing the Sustainability of Regional Export Flows in Global Systems: A Case Study of Russian Cereal Exports

Galina Anatolievna Khmeleva, Marina Viktorovna Kurnikova, Elena Alexandrovna Kandrashina, Maria Sergeevna Guseva

Subject: Social Sciences, Transportation Keywords: grain trade; export sustainability; gravity model; trade flows; Russian regions; sustainable development

Online: 15 August 2024 (22:49:20 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0016.v2

Agricultural Literacy in Artificial Insemination and Agribusiness Management for Social Innovation in Rural Populations Affected by Armed Conflict in Colombia

Yasser Y. Lenis, Amy Jo Montgomery, Diego F. Carrillo-González, Enoc Valentín González-Palacio., Dursun Barrios, Mohammed A. Elmetwally

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: bovine; insemination; knowledge; reproduction

Online: 19 September 2023 (07:57:52 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Artificial insemination (AI) is considered as the most efficient feasible tool to improve the dairy cows’ profitability and productivity. In bovines, AI helps to promote genetic improvement and can positively impact the rural economy. The achievement of education in rural populations was one of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), made by the United Nations. During the last World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), it was concluded that most of the world’s poor, illiterate and undernourished population lives in rural areas; therefore, access to education is considered one of the greatest challenges for governments in countries with developing economies. To determine the effects of a theoretical-practical training program related to rural management and leadership, AI, and bovine genetic improvement, on the perception and level of knowledge in a rural Colombian population that has been affected by the armed conflict. Phase 1. Included the practical and theoretical training of undergraduate animal sciences students in three dimensions rural management; leadership (D-ML), AI in bovines (D-AI), and genetic improvement (D-GI) after training students were evaluated and selected according to their skills, characteristics, solidarity skills, and their social sensitivity was identified. Phase 2. Included the socioeconomic characterization and training of rural residents by students and field experts in three dimensions D-ML, D-AI, and D-GI. After training we evaluated the perception and level of knowledge before and after training in 63 rural residents using an evaluative instrument. The data before and after (post-test) of the theoretical-practical training, were analyzed to obtain a statistical significance. The perception of knowledge in rural residents was low for general knowledge (2.48±0.76, p ˂ 0.05), D-ML (2.89±1.18, p ˂ 0.05) and D-AI and D-GI (2.17±0.83, p ˂ 0.05). On the other hand, before the theorical-practical training the level of general knowledge was 45.9%, however, after the training increased at 77.6% (p<0.01), while the level of knowledge for the D-AI was increased from 38.5 % to 80.6 % (p ˂ 0.05) after training. Regarding the level of knowledge for the D-GI pre-training was 50.8 and increased to 73.0% (p<0.01) then after. Finally, the level of knowledge for the D-ML was increased (p<0.01) from 54.8 before training to 75% after training. Altogether, the rural extension programs contribute to the closing of knowledge gaps in relation to the use of reproductive biotechnologies and bovine management in rural areas affected by armed conflict.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1359.v1

Efficient Pipeline Conflict Resolution for Layered QC-LDPC Decoders in OFDM-PON

Zhijie Wang, Zhengjun Xu, Kun Chen, Yuanzhe Qu, Xiaoqun Liu, Yingchun Li, Junjie Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: QC-LDPC; pipeline conflicts; patch method; variable-to-check message; OFDM-PON

Online: 22 March 2024 (09:21:08 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1654.v1

The Socio-Political Implications of Deepfakes in Developing Countries

Lailoma Noor, Itba Malahat, Haya Noor

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: deepfakes; artificial intelligence; misinformation; developing countries; political stability

Online: 23 September 2024 (08:46:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0180.v1

Biologically Active Compounds of Tomato Fruits Affected by Application of Spirulina, Dunaliella and Chlorella Microalgae Extracts

Ingrīda Augšpole, Irina Sivicka, Kaspars Kampuss, Pāvels Semjonovs, Imants Missa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: microalgae; Solanum lycopersicum L; chemical composition; lycopene

Online: 2 August 2024 (11:32:25 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0211.v2

Metabolic Heat in Microbial Conflict and Cooperation

Steven A. Frank

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Thermoregulation; microbial metabolism; overflow metabolism; biofilms; public goods; social evolution; ecological competition; fever; bacteriophage defense

Online: 17 July 2020 (09:35:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0707.v1

Associations among Beliefs Supporting Patriarchal Principles, Conflict Avoidance, and Economic Violence in Intimate Partner Relationships of Ultraorthodox Jews

Ruth Berkowitz, David Mehlhausen-Hassoen, Zeev Winstok

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: patriarchal principles; conflict avoidance; economic violence; intimate partner violence

Online: 10 September 2024 (08:00:34 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1504.v1

Political Competition, Resource Availability, and Conflict: A Simulation

Troy Siemers, Atin Basu, James Hentz

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: evolutionary game theory; civil war; state capacity; resource availability

Online: 19 September 2024 (11:27:09 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0051.v1

Global Cultural Conflict and Digital Identity: Transforming Museums

Tula Giannini, Jonathan P. Bowen

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Museology Keywords: art and technology; digital culture; digital identity; human behavior; interdisciplinary studies; museums.; computational culture; cultural conflict; digital heritage; cultural heritage

Online: 4 January 2023 (03:16:12 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0584.v1

Climate-Affected Australian Tropical Montane Cloud Forest Plants: Metabolomic Profiles, Isolated Phytochemicals, and Bioactivities

Ngawang Gempo, Karma Yeshi, Darren Crayn, And Phurpa Wangchuk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: wet tropics; climate change; metabolomics; tropical montane cloud forest; Wet Tropics World Heritage Area; plant secondary metabolites

Online: 11 March 2024 (17:40:45 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0330.v1

Host-Pathogen Interactions and Correlated Factors That Are Affected in Replicative-Aged Cryptococcus neoformans

Vanessa K.A. Silva, Sungyun Min, Kyungyoon Yoo, Bettina C. Fries

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Aging; cryptococcosis; G2 arrest; intracellular parasitism; phagosomal pH; polysaccharide capsule; vomocytosis; urease

Online: 6 March 2024 (10:58:26 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.2014.v1

Prospects for Implementation of Autonomous Vehicles and Associated Infrastructure in Developing Countries

Teshome Kumsa Kurse, Girma Gebresenbet, Geleta Fikadu Daba

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: Autonomous vehicle; Developing countrie; Impact; Infrastructure; Transportation

Online: 29 June 2024 (05:29:57 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0502.v1

Conflict between Science and Superstition in Medical and Dental Practices

Donat Uwayezu, Eustache Ntigura, Agnes Gatarayiha, Sarah Erem, Anwarul Majumder, Mainul Haque, Mohammed S. Razzaque

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Superstition; Scientific knowledge; Conflict; Traditional healers

Online: 25 January 2021 (14:11:54 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0349.v1

Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Differences in Clinical Characteristics in A Population of Patients Affected by Severe Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures

Isabella Nardone, Rossella Antonelli, Simona Zaccaria, Sium Wolde Sellasie, Stefania Falcone, Chiara Pecchioli, Laura Giurato, Luigi Uccioli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Osteoporosis; diabetes mellitus; fragility fractures; Bone Mineral Density (BMD); Trabecular Bone Score (TBS); bone fragility

Online: 6 February 2024 (13:36:48 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1373.v1

Comparison of Melting-Affected Rocks from Presumed Small Impact Craters and Old Limekilns in Bavaria, Germany

Václav Procházka, Horst Herrmann, Pavel Kalenda, Petr Martinec, Jiří Mizera, Tomáš Trojek, Lenka Thinová, Gunther Kletetschka, Jan Adámek, Kamil Souček

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: limekiln; impact crater; glass formation; thermoplastic deformation

Online: 22 March 2024 (11:39:03 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0711.v1

Sanitary Decision of Pig Carcasses affected by Osteomyelitis at the Slaughterhouse: from Etiopathogenesis to Total Condemnation Criteria

Melissa Alves Rodrigues¹, Pedro Teiga-Teixeira, Fernanda Seixas, Alexandra Esteves

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: osteomyelitis; meat inspection; swine; food safety

Online: 10 September 2024 (13:06:06 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1748.v1

Principal Component Analysis of Selected Indicators of Wheat in European Countries

Biljana Grujić Vučkovski, Irina Marina, Nikola V. Ćurčić

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: yield of wheat; producer prices of wheat; harvested area under wheat; loading plot; biplot; PCA method; COVID-19

Online: 26 April 2024 (14:56:39 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0905.v1

Soil Mineral Nitrogen and Mobile Organic Carbon as Affected by Winter Wheat Strip Tillage and Forage Legume Intercropping

Viktorija Gecaite, Jurgita Ceseviciene, Ausra Arlauskiene

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: black medick; white clover; Egyptian clover; intercropping; winter wheat yield; mineral nitrogen; humic substances; water-extractable organic carbon

Online: 11 July 2024 (12:25:39 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0648.v1

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Mediterranean Oak Forests of Hungarian Oak (Quercus frainetto Ten) Affected by Dieback Phenomena

Marisabel Mecca, Luigi Todaro, Maurizio D’Auria, Santain Settimio Pino Italiano, Adriano Sofo, Francesco Ripullone

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: climate change; drought; forest dieback; Hungarian oak; growth ring; SPME; VOC

Online: 10 May 2024 (12:16:08 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0246.v1

Infective Endocarditis – Characteristics and Prognosis according to the Affected Valves.

Bistra Vladimirova Dobreva-Yatseva, Fedya Nikolov, Ralitsa Raycheva, Mariya Petkova Tokmakova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: infective endocarditis; affected valve; mortality

Online: 3 April 2024 (11:18:51 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) continues to be a disease with high mortality despite medical advances. Objective: To investigate the characteristics and prognosis of IE according to the affected valves. Material and methods: The study is retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional and includes 270 patients with diagnosis IE, for the period 2005 – 2021, who received treatment at the University Hospital "St. Georgi" in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Results: Single-valve IE (SIE) was found in 82.6% (n-222), multivalvular IE (MIE) in 16.66% (n=45) and device IE (CDRIE) in 0.74% (n=2) patients. The most commonly affected valve was the aortic 44.8% (n=121). The predominant multivalvular involvement was aortic-mitral valves (AV-MV) – 13.7% (n=37). The patients with tricuspid valve (TV) IE were significantly younger – 39 (30) years and were more frequently male (80.8%). Mortality was higher in MIE than SIE (31.1% vs 23.8%) and highest in multivalve aortic-tricuspid (AV-TV) IE (75%). Early surgery was done most in AV-MV IE 29.7% (n=11). Charlson comorbidity index was significantly higher in MV 4 (4) and AV 3 (3) than TV IE 1 (5) (p=0.048 and p=0.011, respectively). Septic shock occurred most frequently in AV-TV involvement (75%; p=0.0001). The most common causative agent was Staphylococcus group. Staphylococcus aureus affected more often TV alone 46.2% (n=124) vs. AV 9.9% (n=14); p=0.0001 and vs. MV 22.6% (n=17), p=0.022; Staphylococcus coagulase-negative (CNG) was the prevalent cause of MV IE 22.7% (n=17) vs AV-MV 2.7% (n=1); p=0.007. Streptococci were represented in a low percentage and only in left-sided IE, and more frequently in AV-MV 18.9% (n=7); vs. AV 6.6% (n=8); (p=0.025). Conclusion: Aortic valve is the most frequently affected valve, as single valve IE or multivalve AV-MV, with the predominant causative agents Staphylococcus group. The AV-TV IE has the worst prognosis, with the most common complication of septic shock and the highest in-hospital mortality.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1746.v1

Perception of Selected Factors on the Sustainability of SMEs: Empirical Study from Visegrad Group Countries

Mária Hudáková, Juraj Cúg, Peter Karácsony, Zora Petráková, Ján Dvorský, Michał Bernard Pietrzak

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: business risk; case study; questionnaire; SMEs; sustainability; Visegrad Group countries.

Online: 29 February 2024 (13:50:04 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1785.v1

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy during Armed Conflict: A Case Series

Sharon Bruoha, Artyom Star, Gili Givaty, Michael Shilo, Michael Friger, Vladimir Chitoroga, Hezzy Shmueli, Yigal Abramowitz, Elad Asher, Jamal Jafari, Vladimir Shlyakhover, Doron Zahger, Moti Haim, Chaim Yosefy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy; left ventricular dysfunction; stress-induced cardiomyopathy; war

Online: 28 March 2024 (14:53:17 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1177.v1

Nature-Human Conflict Dialectics for Sustainable Water Security

Jacques Ganoulis

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: water management; climate change; nature-human relationship; conflict resolution; dialectics

Online: 21 February 2024 (04:28:05 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0760.v1

A Timeline of Kashmir Conflict from 1947-2019

Ayesha Siddiqua, Sobia Abid, Zahid Bilal

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: Kashmir history; J&; K Conflict; UN Resolutions, Indo-Pak Relations

Online: 13 February 2024 (16:03:19 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2244.v1

Parental Attachment and Psychosocial Adjustment in Adolescents Exposed to Marital Conflict

Jesús Maya, Isabel Fuentes, Ana Isabel Arcos-Romero, Lucía Jiménez

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: parental attachment; adolescents; marital conflict; behaviour problems; emotional intelligence.

Online: 31 January 2024 (16:30:05 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Working Paper ARTICLE

Exploring the Dynamics of Rural-Urban Migration, Armed Conflict, Urbanization and Anthropogenic Change in Colombia

Guibor Camargo, Andrés Miguel Sampayo, Andrés Peña Galindo, Francisco J. Escobedo, Fernando Carriazo, Alejandro Fejed-Rivadeneira

Subject: Social Sciences, Demography Keywords: demographic growth; displacement; remote sensing; forced migration; urban sprawl; mobility

Online: 27 March 2020 (04:08:12 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1688.v1

Nature-Based Solutions for Optimizing the Water – Ecosystem – Food Nexus in Mediterranean Countries

Silvia Vanino, Valentina Baratella, Tiziana Pirelli, Donato Ferrari, Antonella Di Fonzo, Fabrizio Pucci, Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis, Maria A. Lilli, Zübeyde Albayram Doğan, Tuncay Topdemir, Sami Awabdeh, Luna Al-Hadidi, Nabeel Bani Hani, Andreas Panagopoulos, Vassilios Pisinaras, Anna Chatzi, Estrella López Moya, Christina Papadaskalopoulou, Dimitris Tassopoulos, Efstathia Chatzitheodorou, Alessandro Pagano, Raffaele Giordano, Ivan Portoghese, Esteban Henao, Anna Osann, Stefano Fabiani

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Nexus, sustainability; biodiversity; resilience; water distribution; food security; ecosystem services

Online: 29 February 2024 (07:05:42 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1031.v1

Challenges in Monitoring Anti-retroviral Therapy (ART) Clients in Developing Countries: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

Prosper Ndlovu, Dev Desai, Maria Eleni Malafi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: HIV; AIDS; STDS; ART

Online: 14 December 2023 (03:27:06 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1251.v1

The Effectiveness of International Humanitarian Intervention in Conflict Zones

Mohammed Saaida

Subject: Social Sciences, Political Science Keywords: Humanitarian intervention; Conflict zones; International actors; Conflict resolution; Post-conflict reconstruction; Effectiveness

Online: 18 December 2023 (10:31:45 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2114.v1

Predicting the Behaviour of Cat Owners: Involvement, Attitudes and Approach-Avoidance Conflict

Geoff Kaine, Vic Wright, Zachary Turk

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: cat containment; companion cats; motivation; approach-avoidance theory; New Zealand

Online: 29 August 2024 (08:32:18 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2087.v1

Socioeconomic Factors, Rocket Sirens, and PTSD: Insights from the Israel-Hamas Conflict

Yaakov Bayer

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: PTSD; armed conflicts; socioeconomic status

Online: 29 September 2023 (08:42:33 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1323.v1

The Long-Term Effect of Mourning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Were People Affected by Direct Losses and Media Exposure to Death?

Barbara Caci, Giulia Giordano

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; mental health; anxiety; depression; stress; mourning; vicarious grief; media exposure; neuroticism

Online: 19 June 2024 (16:35:15 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0985.v1

Prevalence of Trichomonas tenax in the Population Affected by Periodontal Disease – a Review

Stoyan Nikolov Stoyanov, Oskan Bahidinov Tasinov, Tsonka Slavova Dimitrova, Galina Aleksieva Yaneva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: oral protozoa; oral microflora; periodontal disease; Trichomonas tenax; respiratory diseases

Online: 19 February 2024 (11:19:26 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0377.v1

Linking Poverty and Environment as Causes of Conflict: A Case Study of Pakistan

Masood ur Rehman Azhar, Saima Masood, Nor Malina Malek, Khaliqul Rehman

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Poverty and environment, poverty and conflict, conflict and development, conflict and environment, unequal development

Online: 21 August 2018 (10:51:26 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1600.v1

Machine Learning-based Aircraft Conflict Prediction: A Systematic Literature Review

Maryam Jamal, humaira ashraf, NZ Jhanjhi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: aircraft conflict prediction; machine learning; safety; air traffic control

Online: 21 December 2023 (11:16:59 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0209.v1

Read the Signs: Detecting Early Warning Signals of Interreligious Conflict

Peter Ochs, Essam Fahim, Paola Pinzon

Subject: Social Sciences, Religion Keywords: religion; interreligious conflict; science; constative; performative; peacemaking; ethnolinguistics; semiotics; behavioral signals; group behavior

Online: 17 February 2022 (11:02:09 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0223.v1

Zero Traffic Conflict (ZTC) Road Networks with Concentric Traffic Paths

Richard Tasgal, David Eichler

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Zero Traffic Conflict; ZTC; Traffic efficiency; Microscopic simulation; Mesoscopic simulation

Online: 12 November 2021 (13:43:05 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0133.v1

Growth Hormone (GH) and Rehabilitation Promoted Distal Innervation in a Child Affected from a Syndrome of Caudal Regression

Jesús Devesa, Alba Alonso, Natalia López, José García, Carlos Israel Puell, Tamara Pablos, Pablo Devesa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: GH; syndrome of caudal regression; sacral agenesis; physiotherapy; neurogenic bladder; flaccid paraplegia

Online: 27 November 2016 (04:35:36 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0068.v1

Creating Family-Centred Support for Preschoolers with Developmental Disabilities in Low-Income Countries: A Rapid Review to Guide Practitioners

Roy McConkey

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: disability; preschool; children; family-centred; community-based; low income; inclusion; healthcare; education

Online: 2 April 2024 (10:06:27 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0602.v1

Economic Complexity and Poverty in Developing Countries

Sena Kimm Gnangnon

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Economic complexity; Poverty headcount; Economic Growth; Economic growth volatility; Income inequality; External shocks.

Online: 29 January 2021 (06:06:47 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.2041.v2

How Professional and Market Logics and the Conflict Between Institutional Demands Affect Hospital Accreditation Compliance

Tiago Martins Ramos da Silva, Luciano Rossoni

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: hospital accreditation; institutional logics; organizational practices; strategic responses; institutional theory

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:09:33 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Background: Hospital accreditation has become ubiquitous in developing countries. Although studies recognize that accreditation can improve healthcare quality, efficiency, and safety, there are doubts about how hospitals deal with conflicts caused by the different institutional logics that inhabit this process. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how professional and market logics, as well as the conflict between institutional demands, affect compliance with hospital accreditation. Methods: To this end, we developed a multiple case study in four Brazilian hospitals through in-depth interviews with sixteen participants (managers, physicians, nurses, physiotherapist) and on-site observation by the triangulation between the analysis of the narratives and the results of the multiple correspondence analysis. The interpretation and subsequent categorization of the interviews were guided by the study's analytical categories: institutional logics (professional and market); adoption objectives (legitimacy and efficiency); strategic responses to adoption (conformity, non-conformity, and customization); nature of demands (origin in the means and in goal). Results. The data showed that when professional logic is prominent, there is a greater tendency to customize activities, as there are conflicts in the means by which activities can be developed. When market logic stands out, there is a risk of non-conformity, mainly because the focus falls exclusively on goals. Finally, the data point to the absence of conflicts between justifications related to efficiency and legitimacy. Conclusion. We conclude the study by highlighting the theoretical and practical implications of recognizing the conflict between logics, contributing to a deeper understanding of how logic influences the attention given to specific demands and, more significantly, how they affect compliance with hospital accreditation standards, expanding the body of knowledge in the area.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1290.v1

A Comparative Health Disparities Analysis Across Continents: A Comparative Analysis of African and European Countries

Ahmed Ould-Boudia, Frank Adusei-Mensah, Sunday Adewale Olaleye, Oluwafemi Samson Balogun

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Health disparities; Socioeconomic status; Disease burden; Healthcare access; European and African countries; Public Health Policy

Online: 17 September 2024 (10:34:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0517.v1

Healthcare Challenges due to Global Conflict Escalation Amid the Pandemic, Climate, and Economic Dilemmas

Abdul Mohiuddin

Subject: Social Sciences, Political Science Keywords: catastrophes; COVID-19; civil unrests; inflation; public health; Health safety; Health crisis

Online: 28 January 2023 (04:52:49 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0004.v2

Application of Game Theory to Conflict Management in a Construction Contract

Beata Grzyl, Magdalena Apollo, Adam Kristowski

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: civil engineering; construction contract; court strategy; conflict modelling; decision analysis; game theory

Online: 28 January 2019 (10:51:40 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1163.v1

Flood Management on GIS-Based Multicriteria Evaluation in Developing Countries : A Systematic Literature Review

Aptu Andy Kurniawan, Sunardi Sunardi, Hendarmawan Hendarmawan, Iwan Ridwansyah

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: determining variables; flood management; GIS; multi-criteria evaluation; systematic literature review; PRISMA

Online: 17 May 2024 (08:53:16 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1363.v1

Status and Challenges of Medical History-Taking in Developing Countries and an Affordable Digital Solution to Tackle Them

Forhad Hossain, Mohamed Mehfoud Bouh, Md Moshiur Rahman, Faiz Shah, Tsunenori Mine, Rafiqul Islam, Naoki Nakashima, Ashir Ahmed

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Health Informatics; Digital Health; Physicians’ Workload; History Taking Challenges; Electronic Health Records (EHR); Modern Healthcare System; Artificial Intelligence; Life-long Medical History; Healthcare Data Management; Healthcare Innovation

Online: 21 April 2024 (05:28:43 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0580.v1

Uremic Toxins and Inflammation: Metabolic Pathways Affected in Stage 5 Kidney Disease

María Peris-Fernández, Marta Roca-Marugán, Julià L Amengual, Angel Balaguer, Iris Viejo-Boyano, Amparo Soldevila-Orient, Ramón Devesa-Such, Pilar Sánchez-Pérez, Julio Hernández-Jaras

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: inflammation; ackd; metabolomics; energy metabolism; uremic toxins

Online: 9 February 2024 (14:06:16 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0184.v1

Light Reflected from Different Plant Canopies Affected Beta Vulgaris Growth and Development

Albert T. Adjesiwor, Andrew R. Kniss

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: far-red light; kin recognition; light quality; shade avoidance; weed competition

Online: 8 October 2020 (21:17:04 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0081.v1

Remote Sensing for Detection and Monitoring of Vegetation Affected by Oil Spills

Bashir Adamu, Booker Ogutu, Kevin Tansey

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: spectral reflectance; vegetation indices; vegetation; remote sensing; oil spill; mangrove forest; oil pollution; Landsat 8

Online: 23 September 2016 (06:19:49 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1463.v1

Parental Triangulation in Separated & Divorced Families: Causes and Impact on the Intergenerational Parent-Child Conflict

Alessandra Salerno, Iolanda Raciti, Monica Tosto, Aluette Merenda

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: parental triangulation; marital conflict; coparenting; adolescent; intergenerational family bond; divorced couples

Online: 22 May 2023 (04:59:36 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0766.v1

Synergistic Effects of Incobotulinum Toxin and Physiotherapy in a Rare Case of Paraparesis in a 7-Years-Old Affected by Klippel-Feil Syndrome Related to MYH3 Gene Mutation: A Case Report

Maurizio Ranieri, Mariagrazia Riccardi, Maria Vittoria Raele, Giacomo Farì, Marisa Megna, Riccardo Marvulli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Klippel-Feil Syndrome; Myosin Heavy Chain 3 mutation; MYH3 mutation; spine defects; spasticity; botulinum toxin type A; incobotulinum; therapeutic exercise; physiotherapy

Online: 10 September 2024 (15:20:54 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0671.v2

Has COVID-19 Affected DTP3 Vaccination in the Americas?

Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso, Sara Guillén-Aguinaga, Laura Guillén-Aguinaga, Rosa Alas-Brun, Enrique Aguinaga-Ontoso, Esperanza Rayón-Valpuesta, Francisco Guillén-Grima

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: DTP vaccine; America; COVID-19; Vaccine coverage; Joinpoint regression; Health care system; Vaccination rates; Trends; Segmented regression

Online: 28 December 2023 (05:35:03 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Background: In America, vaccine-related deaths constitute a significant contributor to child mortality. An essential means of reducing this is through broad vaccine coverage. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a potential disruption to vaccine coverage due to its effects on the healthcare system. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on DTP3 vaccination coverage in the Americas, investigating trends from 2012 to 2022 to identify significant changes, regional disparities, and the overall effect of the pandemic on progress towards global immunization targets. Methods: This study used the coverage data for the third dose of the Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis Vaccine (DTP3) pulled from UNICEF databases spanning 2012 to 2022. We conducted a JoinPoint regression to identify points of significant trend changes. The annual percentage change (APC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for America and its regions. We also used segmented regression analysis. Using the Chi-square test, we compared DTP3 vaccination coverage for each country between 2019 and 2022. Results: Overall, America saw a decrease in vaccine coverage during this period, with an APC of -1.4 (95% CI -1.8.; -1.0). This trend varied across regions. In North America, the decrease was negligible (-0.1% APC). South America showed the steepest decrease, with an APC of -2.5%. Central America also signif-icantly declined, with an APC of -1.3%. Our findings suggest a concerning trend of declining DTP vaccination rates in the Americas, exacerbated in certain regions, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The absolute decrease in vaccine coverage in the Americas was -4 % between 2019 and 2022, with the most significant drop observed in Central America (-7 %). However, six countries reported increased vaccination rates post-COVID-19, led by Brazil, with a 7% increase. Conversely, twenty-two countries registered a decline in DTP3 vaccine coverage, with the average decrease being -7.37%. This decline poses a significant challenge to achieving the WHO's target of 90% coverage for the third dose of DTP by 2030, as evidenced by the reduction in the number of countries meeting this target from 2019 to 2022. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted vaccine coverage in America, leading to a decrease, especially across Central America.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0638.v1

From Glimmer to Grind: Unveiling the Conflict Potential beneath South Kalimantan's Diamonds

Rochgiyanti Rochgiyanti, Deasy Arisanty, Ismi Rajiani, Karunia Puji Hastuti, Jumriani Jumriani, Muhammad Muhaimin

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Diamond mining; South Kalimantan; social conflict; Galtung's Conflict Theory; sustainable development

Online: 12 February 2024 (08:53:23 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0556.v1

Angling for Causality behind Security: Natural Causes of Armed Conflict in Iraq

Ninoslav Malekovic, Maarten Vonk, Laura Birkman, Tim Sweijs, Anna Kononova, Thomas Baeck

Subject: Social Sciences, Government Keywords: Causality; Methodology; Conflict modeling; Non-experimental observations

Online: 9 February 2024 (07:25:42 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0062.v1

Nonlinear growth effect of remittances in recipient countries: an econometric analysis of remittances-growth nexus in Bangladesh

Gazi Mainul Hassan, Shamim Shakur

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Remittances; Economic Growth; Bangladesh; Remittances Utilisation

Online: 20 July 2016 (10:27:13 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1149.v1

Conflict Governance between Protected Areas and Surrounding Communities: Willingness and Action of Communities — Empirical Evidence from Tanzania

Li Ma, Yang Jia Wu, Han Zhang, Yilei Hou, Yali Wen

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Other Keywords: protected areas; conflict governance; community residents; protection willingness; protection action

Online: 19 March 2024 (12:47:47 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0724.v1

Mass Yield, Antioxidant and Anti-Prostate Cancer DU145 Cell Proliferative Properties of ProSoy Soymilk as Affected by Extraction Methods and Cooking

Sam K.C. Chang, Yingying Tan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: ProSoy yellow soybean; soymilk processing methods; phenolics and isoflavones; antioxidant capacity; anti-DU145 prostate cancer proliferation

Online: 13 May 2024 (11:45:10 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2068.v1

Uremic Toxins and Inflammation: Metabolic Pathways Affected in Patients Undergoing Renal Replacement Therapies

María Peris-Fernández, Marta Isabel Roca-Marugán, Julià L Amengual, Angel Balaguer, Iris Viejo-Boyano, Amparo Soldevila-Orient, Ramón Devesa-Such, Pilar Sánchez-Pérez, Julio Hernández-Jaras

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: hemodialysis; inflammation; metabolomics; autophagy; urea cycle

Online: 25 July 2024 (13:41:57 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0568.v1

How are Indigenous Communities Being Affected by Deforestation and Degradation in Northern Argentina?

María Vallejos, Ana L. Álvarez, José M. Paruelo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Participatory mapping; Ecosystem services; Forest degradation; Deforestation; Indigenous communities; Vulnerability.

Online: 23 November 2020 (09:11:07 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0017.v1

Morbi-Mortality of the Victims of Internal Conflict and Poor Population in The Risaralda Province, Colombia

Rafael Renteria-Ramos, Rafael Hurtado-Heredia, B Piedad Urdinola

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: morbidity; mortality; network analysis; victims of internal conflict

Online: 2 November 2018 (05:11:13 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0134.v1

Chronic Pediatric Pain in Low and Middle Income Countries

Camila Walters, Matthew Kynes, Jenna Sobey, Tsitsi Chimhundu-Sithole, Kelly McQueen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: chronic pediatric pain; low income country; middle income country; low and middle income country; pediatric palliative care.

Online: 8 June 2018 (12:45:24 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1846.v1

Optimal Sparse Control Formulation for Reconstruction of Noise-Affected Images

Peter Kogut, Yaroslav Kohut

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: optimal control; parabolic equation; variable order of nonlinearity; noncoercive problem; compensated compactness technique

Online: 29 August 2023 (03:18:06 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1855.v1

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Analysis of Impact of Socio-Economic Factors in Low, Medium and High-Income Countries

Meher Rizvi, Maria Khan, Amina AL Jardani, Ujjala Ghoshal, Zaaima AL Jabri, Mohammad Ahanjan, Azza AL Mamari, Nawal AL Shizawi, Hiba Sami, Abdullah Balkhair, Adila Shaukat, Alwarith Nasser Salem Alkharusi, Abdulrahman Almahrouqi, Afreenish Hassan, Ajay Kumar, Amal Malehi, Amina Gul, Ashima Singh, Asma Said Hamed AL Shidhani, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Aruna Poojary, Azza AL Rashdi, Bradley Langford, Dmytro Stepanskyi, Abbas Dolatabadi, Aisha Al Mufraji AL Mufraji, Elham Said Ahmed AL Risi, Garima Kapoor, Isabella Princess, Hatim Ali Eltahir, Hilal Al Sidairi, Kaitlyn Dougherty, Katia Iskandar, Ken Masters, Ibrahim Khalaf Hamdan AL Busaidi, Laila AL Yazidi, Mahfuza Nasrin, Mahmood Salim AL Subhi, Mallika Sengupta Mallika Sengupta, Manisha Khandait, Nada Khalfan AL Tamtami, Nada Khafan Alsiyabi, Nawal AL Kindi, Nazla Musthafa Luthfee, Neha Shreshtha, Nihal Mohamed Amur AL Riyami, Noora Hilal Ali AL Busaidi, Nupur Goel, Oksana Ishchenko, Omnia Mohamed Elnabawy Ahmed Taher, Pragnya Paramita Jena, Rajni Ekadashi, Razan Zadjali, Reba Kanungo, Sara Abolghasemi, Salima Al-maqbali, Sanjay Jaju, Sayantan Banerjee, Shadma Yaqoob, Shahnaz Sali, Shafqat Husnain Khan, Shalini Malhotra, Stephen Hughes, Sundas Shaukat, Syed Mohammed Atif, Vrushali Vishwas Patwardhan, Victorien Dougnon, Wahid Khan, Walid Wali, Zakariya AL Muharrmi, Zeeshana Basit, Jasashree Choudhury, Rachita Pravalina, Sanjeev Singh, Sarman Singh, Neelam Taneja, Raman Sardana, Pawan Kapoor, Rajeev Soman, Rashid Al Abri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: community acquired UTI; Escherichia coli; antimicrobial susceptibility; Indian subcontinent; MENA; GDP; temperature

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:32:05 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0819.v1

From Conflict to Collaboration: Resolving Supplier Disputes in E-Commerce through Relationship Management

Oliver Grant

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Supplier relationship management; e-commerce; communication strategies; trust-building; negotiation dynamics; technological integration; organizational culture; global supply chain alignment

Online: 10 July 2024 (05:08:41 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Effective management of supplier relationships is crucial for e-commerce companies to navigate complex supply chain dynamics and mitigate risks associated with supplier disputes. This qualitative study explores the strategies and challenges involved in resolving supplier disputes through relationship management in the context of e-commerce. Through semi-structured interviews with supply chain managers, procurement officers, and executives from diverse e-commerce firms, the study investigates key themes including communication strategies, trust-building initiatives, negotiation dynamics, technological integration, organizational culture, and global supply chain alignment. Findings reveal that clear and transparent communication plays a foundational role in preventing misunderstandings and fostering collaboration with suppliers. Trust-building initiatives, such as consistency in commitments and transparency in business dealings, are essential for cultivating resilient supplier relationships. Negotiation strategies emphasizing principled negotiation and collaborative problem-solving facilitate the resolution of disputes while preserving long-term partnerships. Technological integration through data analytics, automation, and digital platforms enhances operational efficiency and decision-making capabilities in managing supplier relationships. Organizational culture characterized by collaboration, innovation, and leadership commitment to strategic alignment with global supply chains promotes resilience and responsiveness to market dynamics. Challenges including power dynamics, operational constraints, and cultural differences underscore the importance of proactive risk management and cultural sensitivity in supplier relationship management. This study contributes actionable insights for practitioners to enhance supplier relationship management practices, navigate disputes effectively, and foster sustainable competitive advantage in e-commerce. By integrating these findings into strategic planning, e-commerce firms can strengthen supplier partnerships, optimize supply chain performance, and mitigate risks in a dynamic business environment.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2183.v1

Public Sector Decentralisation in Federated Countries

Saran Singh, Victoria Bou

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: State owned enterprises; SOE; supply efficiency; public enterprises

Online: 29 August 2024 (15:31:00 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0984.v2

Relationship between Clinical Manifestations and Serological Profile in Patients Affected by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Richard Borrelli, Stefania Nicola, Federica Corradi, Luca Lo Sardo, Iuliana Badiu, Alessandra Romito, Nicolò Rashidy, Anna Quinternetto, Marina Mazzola, Federico Meli, Elena Saracco, Ilaria Vitali, Domenico Cosseddu, Luisa Brussino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: systemic lupus erythematosus; cytokines; antibodies; clinical manifestations; serological profile

Online: 18 December 2023 (02:56:49 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by a variety of both signs and symptoms; it mainly affects women of childbearing age, with an estimated prevalence of 24/100,000 people in Europe and North America. SLE is often described as an antibodies-driven disease as its clinical manifestations are usually associated with the presence or the absence of specific antibodies. Objectives To evaluate clinical manifestations in patients with SLE and to assess the relationship with the presence of specific antibodies by using real-world data. Methods A retrospective study was performed; the 2019 EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus were used to classify patients with SLE. Data concerning serological profiles (which included Antinuclear antibodies – ANA, anti dsDNA, anti-Ro/SS-A, anti-La/SS-B, anti-Sm) were gathered along with medical records of clinical manifestations. Complement levels were also tested for possible clinical correlations. χ² or Fisher's exact tests were utilized to establish associations between autoantibodies and symptoms. The odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed. No correction was made for multiple testing; only a p-value 0.01 ≤ was considered significant. Results One-hundred and twenty-seven patients (n=127, mean age 53.43 ±14.02) were enrolled in this study. Anti-dsDNA antibodies were found to be statistically significant for both malar rash and proteinuria; anti-Ro/SSA antibodies showed an association with photosensitivity and pericarditis; furthermore, a strong association was found between anti-Ro antibodies and proteinuria, but only if anti-dsDNA antibodies were present as well. Patients who tested positive for anti-La/SSB antibodies correlated with a threefold increase in the risk of developing pericarditis. Lastly, anti-Smith appeared to be associated with NPSLE as well as an increased risk for both autoimmune haemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Conclusions In our study, many associations confirmed those found in previous studies; however, new relationships between antibodies and clinical manifestations were found thus indicating the need for additional evaluations to assess these correlations further.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0132.v1

Effect of Different Fertilization Measures on Soil Salinity and Nutrients in Salt-Affected Soils

Junyao Liu, Wenping Xie, Jingsong Yang, Rongjiang Yao, Xiangping Wang, Wenxiu Li

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: microbial fertilizer; humic acid; Attapulgite clay; soil fertility; soil salinity

Online: 2 August 2023 (03:11:45 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0473.v1

Mobility and Location of Drainage Divides Affected by Tilting Uplift in Sado Island, Japan

Akimasa Sakashita, Noritaka Endo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Sado Island; divide migration; tilting uplift; stream capture; geomorphic indexes; topographic analysis

Online: 26 December 2022 (06:41:43 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0163.v1

Hydrologic Response in an Urban Watershed as Affected by Climate and Land Use Change

Mohamed Aboelnour, Margaret W. Gitau, Bernard A. Engel

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: urbanization; climate variability; streamflow; baseflow; SWAT model; Little Eagle Creek

Online: 12 July 2019 (05:15:07 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0131.v1

Hops Across Continents: Exploring How Terroir Transforms the Aromatic Profiles of Five Hop (Humulus lupulus) Varieties Grown in Their Countries of Origin and in Brazil

Marcos Edgar Herkenhoff, Oliver Brödel, Marcus Frohme

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Humulus lupulus; aromatic profile, terroir impact; volatile compounds; HS-SPME/GC-MS

Online: 2 September 2024 (16:06:26 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0967.v1

Clinical Polymorphism of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania aethiopica: Association with Nutritional Status in Affected Patients, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. A Retrospective Study in Remote Areas

Bizuayehu Gashaw, Endalew Yizengaw, Endalkachew Nibret Simegn

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Cutaneous-leishmaniasis; Clinical-polymorphism; Dermatology; Malnutrition; Ethiopia

Online: 13 August 2024 (14:32:10 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0603.v1

Export Product Diversification, Poverty and Tax Revenue in Developing Countries

Sena Kimm Gnangnon

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Export Product diversification; Poverty; Non-resource tax revenue.

Online: 25 September 2020 (10:59:19 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0578.v1

Framing Access and Exclusion for Arab Countries in WTO Affairs

Bashar H. Malkawi

Subject: Social Sciences, Law Keywords: WTO, Arab countries, international trade, free trade, accession, dispute settlement

Online: 26 November 2018 (09:57:36 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0002.v3

Sound of Sirens, Echoes of Trauma: Unpacking Socioeconomic Vulnerabilities in the Israel-Hamas Conflict

Yaakov Bayer

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: PTSD, Armed conflicts, Socioeconomic status

Online: 12 December 2023 (10:51:55 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0411.v1

Basic Health Service Delivery to Vulnerable Populations in Post-Conflict Eastern Congo: Asset Mapping

Dieudonne Bwirire, Rik Crutzen, Rianne Letschert, Edmond Ntabe Namegabe, Nanne De Vries

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: community participatory asset mapping; asset-based approaches to health; health inequalities; basic healthcare services; community-based healthcare; democratic republic of congo

Online: 6 September 2023 (10:32:40 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0246.v1

Why Has COVID-19 Mortality Been Higher in Certain Countries Than Others? An Ecological Analysis of 204 Countries

Chris Kenyon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 mortality rate; testing intensity; epidemiology; Europe; Asia; obesity; elderly

Online: 21 June 2020 (10:01:26 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0425.v1

Climate Change's Impact on Mental Health: Preparedness and Policy Interventions to Support Affected Individuals and Communities

Amal Sarsour, Nidhi Nagabhatla, Sanae Okamoto

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: climate change; mental health; policies; interventions; support; vulnerable communities

Online: 7 September 2023 (03:05:17 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

The complex and interconnected challenges of climate change, water stress, disasters, and health crises have far-reaching implications for sustainable development and global sustainability agendas, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, one critical issue that has been overlooked is the nexus between climate change impacts and mental health (CCMH). Recognizing and addressing the negative emotions associated with this global phenomenon is essential to fostering a holistic approach to climate action planning and building long-term resilience. In this assessment, we present a set of narratives to argue that CCMH research requires a collaborative, transdisciplinary approach that integrates socio-economic and socio-cultural complexities. For this assessment, we used a case study approach to elucidate that the mental health impacts of climate change are unequally distributed, disproportionately affecting vulnerable groups based on age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status. The assessment presented in this study concluded that adequate mental health support programs are limited due to sociocultural stigmas and limited socioeconomic resources in some regions. Existing climate-related mental health services mechanisms lack coordination and specific action plans, leaving affected populations underserved. Unlike traditional understandings of the climate-health nexus, this research calls for experts from multiple fields to work together and for enhanced attention to and investment in CCMH research to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and practical solutions. Such solutions will lead to scalable and lasting change as communities can implement research findings to support those in need and enhance disaster resilience. Furthermore, by collectively recognizing the climate and mental health nexus, global commitments such as the SDGs and the Paris Declaration can advance awareness and action in climate-related mental health, ultimately promoting a healthier relationship between humanity and nature.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0423.v1

Does Governance Matter? Community-Participatory Governance and Conflict Management as Instruments for Administering Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Machol Joseph Aleer

Subject: Social Sciences, Area Studies Keywords: community governance; conflict management; governance; peace; development; SSA

Online: 27 September 2022 (10:41:08 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0508.v1

An Unintended Legacy: The External Policy Responses of the US and European Union to Conflict Minerals in Africa

Michael Addaney, Emma Charlene Lubaale

Subject: Social Sciences, Law Keywords: Africa, armed conflict, business, corporations, environment, human rights, minerals, European Union, regulations

Online: 21 May 2021 (09:31:02 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1363.v1

Breast Cancer in the Arabian Gulf Countries

Humaid O. Al-Shamsi, Nadia Abdelwahed, Amin Abyad, Ibrahim Abu-Gheida, Mehdi Afrit, Tasneem Abu ElFuol, Ryad Alasas, Bilal Lababidi, Prasanta Dash, Mudhasir Ahmad, Norbert W Dreier, Urfan ul haq, Thanda Lucy Ann Joshua, Sonia Otsmane, Anwar Al-Nouri, Aydah Al-Awadhi, Syed Hammad Tirmazy, Faisal Alterkait, Shimaa Elsabae, Nyla Khan, Nehad Albastaki, Yoginee Sonawane, Mohammed Jouda, Frea Perdawood, Faryal Iqbal, Hassan Jaafar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Breast Cancer; Malignancy; Gulf Cooperation Council(GCC); Survival; HER2; Triple Negative

Online: 20 September 2023 (13:51:45 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Breast cancer stands as the prevailing malignancy across all six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations. In this literature review, we highlighted the incidence and trend of BC in the GCC. Most of the studies reported a consistent increase in BC incidence over the past decades, which was particularly attributed to the adoption of a westernized lifestyle in the region and the implications of emerging risk factors and other environmental and societal factors, the increase in screening uptake, as well as the improvement in data collection and reporting in the GCC. The data about BC risk factors in GCC was limited. In this geographic region, breast cancer frequently manifests with distinctive characteristics, including an early onset, typically occurring before the age of 50, an advanced stage at presentation, and a higher pathological grade. Additionally, it often exhibits more aggressive features such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity or the presence of triple-negative (TN) attributes, particularly among younger patients. Despite the growing body of literature on breast cancer in the GCC, data pertaining to survival rates are, regrettably, meager. Reports on breast cancer survival rates emanating from the GCC region are largely confined to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In the UAE, predictive modeling reveals 2-year and 5-year survival rates of 97% and 89%, respectively, for the same period under scrutiny. These rates, when compared to Western counterparts such as Australia (89.5%) and Canada (88.2%), fall within the expected range. Conversely, Saudi Arabia reports a notably lower 5-year survival rate, standing at 72%. This disparity in survival rates underscores the need for further research directed towards elucidating risk factors and barriers that hinder early detection and screening. Additionally, there is a pressing need for expanded data reporting on survival outcomes within the GCC. In sum, a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of breast cancer dynamics in this region is imperative to inform effective strategies for prevention, early detection, and improved patient outcomes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1444.v1

Does Climate Change and Energy Consumption Affect the Food Security of European Union Countries? Empirical Evidence from a Panel Study

Irena Łącka, Błażej Suproń, Iwona Szczepaniak

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: cereal production; climate change; European Union; FGLS; CO2; energy; food security; panel data

Online: 23 May 2024 (08:21:02 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0389.v1

Differences in Civic and Citizenship Education Between Latin American and European Countries

Geovanny Castro-Aristizabal, Gregorio Giménez Esteban, Juan Pablo Sánchez Celi, Felipe Acosta-Ortega

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: civic education; cultural activities; social behavior; Latin America; Europe

Online: 21 December 2022 (06:57:07 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0608.v1

The Association Between Self-Reported Long COVID Symptoms and COVID-19 Conspiracy Theories in Jordan, Kuwait, among Other Arab Countries

Malik Sallam, Kholoud Al-Mahzoum, Moudhi Ahmad Alenezi, Maryam Alsaeed, Fatmah Alsaeed, Noor Albayati, Sarah Alkhaldi, Rawan J. Obeidat, Muna Barakat

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Long COVID; Post-COVID Condition; Long Haul COVID; PASC Post Acute Sequelae of COVID-19; COVID-19 Post-Acute Sequelae; COVID-19 Conspiracy Theories; Health Communication

Online: 8 August 2024 (17:30:36 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Long COVID comprises persistent symptoms which extend beyond four weeks post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. The potential association between long COVID and the endorsement of COVID-19 conspiracy theories has not been explored, particularly in Arab countries where high endorsement of these theories has been reported. This study aimed to explore the association between endorsing COVID-19 conspiracy theories and the prevalence of self-reported long COVID symptoms among adults in Jordan and Kuwait in addition to other Arab countries. The study employed a cross-sectional design using an electronic self-administered survey in Arabic language. Recruitment utilized snowball sampling via social media and the survey was distributed in July 2024. The survey instrument included sections on demographic information, the history of COVID-19 infection, and vaccination status. Long COVID manifestations were assessed using a score reflecting the frequency and intensity of ten recognized long COVID symptoms with subsequent categorization into three categories: low, middle, and high. The beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories were measured via a 5-point Likert scale across five items. The final study sample comprised 756 respondents, the majority of whom self-reported a history of confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis at least once (n = 493, 65.2%). The results indicated a neutral average attitude towards COVID-19 conspiracy theories (mean score = 15.18±4.64 out of 30.00). Participants with high conspiracy theories scores were significantly more likely to report high (aOR = 6.85, 95% CI: 2.90–16.13, p < 0.001) and middle long COVID symptoms (aOR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.32–6.06, p = 0.008) compared to those with lower scores. Additional predictors of higher long COVID reporting included female sex and lower self-reported household income. Frequent COVID-19 infections and hospitalizations were also associated with higher long COVID symptom reporting. The study results revealed a significant correlation between the endorsement of COVID-19 conspiracy theories and the higher frequency and magnitude of long COVID symptom reporting. The findings also highlighted the influence of sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 infection history on long COVID reporting, which suggests that public health strategies should address these factors to mitigate long COVID challenges effectively.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.2075.v1

Nearshore Migrating Humpback Whales off Metropolitan Lima, Central Peruvian Coast, Underscore Potential Conflict with Fisheries

Koen Van Waerebeek, Elena Barreda-Correa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: Megaptera novaeangliae; Land-based observations; Anthropogenic interactions; Migration; Feeding; Southeast Pacific

Online: 31 July 2023 (08:00:03 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0498.v1

Spatial Assessment of Potential Conflict of Sun Bear- Human Based on Landscape Ecology in Pasaman

Muhammad Hanif, Henzulkifli Rahman, Rizki Atthoriq Hidayat, Hariyo Tabah Wibisono

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Sun bear; ecosystem; habitat; spatial modeling

Online: 24 August 2020 (02:58:29 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0268.v1

Stream Chemistry and Forest Recovery Assessment and Prediction Modeling in Coal Mine Affected Watersheds in Kentucky, USA

Buddhi Gyawali, Oguz Sariyildiz, George Fouad Antonious, Kenneth Semmens, Demetrio Zourarakis, Maya Bhatt

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Appalachia; Coal mining; conductivity; reclamation; vegetation change; water quality

Online: 5 December 2023 (15:10:59 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

: Kentucky is one of the largest coal producing states and surface coal mining has led to changes in natural land cover, soil loss, and water quality. This study explored relationships between actively mined and reclaimed areas and vegetation change and water quality parameters. The study site evaluated 58 watersheds with Landsat-derived variables (reclamation age, mining percentage, reclaimed forest percentage, and reclaimed woods percentage) as well as topographic variables (such as elevation, slope, drainage density, and infiltration). Water samples were collected in spring (n=9), summer (n=14), and fall (n=58) 2017 to study changes in water quality variables (SO42-, alkalinity, conductivity, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Al3+, and Fe2+,Fe3+) in response to changes in land cover. Pearson correlation analyses indicated conductivity has strong to very strong relationships with other variables of water quality variables related to coal mining (except Al3+, Fe2+,Fe3+, Mn2+, elevation, slope, and drainage density) and land cover variables. In addition, separate multivariate regression analyses were performed with conductivity values based on samples collected in the fall. First, conductivity response to mining percentage, reclamation age and topographic variables were examined (adjusted R2=0.818, p < 0.01). Next, vegetation cover change parameters were added to the same model, which yielded slightly improved R2 (adjusted R2 = 0.826, p < 0.01). Finally, reclamation age and mining percentage were used to explain the quantity of reclaimed forested areas as a percentage of watersheds. The model was significant (p < 0.01) with an adjusted R2 value of 0.641. Results suggest that the quantity (area as a percentage) of reclaimed forests may be a predictor of mining percentage and reclamation age. This study indicated that conductivity is a predictable water quality indicator that is highly associated with Coal Mine Related Stream Chemistry in areas where agriculture and urban development are limited. These findings may help the scientific community and key state and federal agencies improve their understanding of water quality attributes in watersheds affected by coal mining as well as refining land reclamation practices.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1009.v1

Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Childhood Vaccination in Low-Income Countries: A Systematic Review to Set the Scope for Future Pandemics

Jessica E. Beetch, Amanda Janitz, Laura A. Beebe, Mary Gowin, Chao Xu, Shari Clifton, Katrin Gaardbo Kuhn

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: COVID-19; Pandemic; Vaccination; Public Health; Children; Low-Income

Online: 19 February 2024 (07:57:15 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2542.v1

Transforming Education with Artificial Intelligence: Potential and Obstacles in Developing Countries

Musawer Hakimi, Amir Kror Shahidzay

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: artificial intelligence; education; developing countries; learning outcomes; educational equity

Online: 31 July 2024 (14:10:02 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1153.v1

Water Scarcity in Central Asia: Case of Uzbekistan and Neighboring Countries

Young-Jin Ahn, Zuhriddin Juraev

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Geopolitical dynamics; Water conflicts; Central Asia; Uzbekistan; Regional cooperation

Online: 18 July 2023 (04:53:31 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0219.v1

A Model to Estimate the Cost-Effectiveness of Water Pollution Management Strategies in Developing Countries: The Cocody Bay Case, Côte d’Ivoire

Vassiki Sanogo

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: pollution; cost-effectiveness analysis; Cocody; environmental policies; environmental constraints

Online: 27 August 2016 (11:01:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2011.v1

Ultrasound and Elastosonographic Features of the Patellar Ligament in Dogs Affected by Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Pennasilico Luca, Antonella Volta, Sara Sassaroli, Caterina Di Bella, Valentina Riccio, Nicola Pilati, Adolfo Maria Tambella, Fabrizio Dini, Angela Palumbo Piccionello

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: elastosonography; patellar ligament; stifle; cranial cruciate ligament; dog

Online: 29 January 2024 (09:26:10 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0388.v2

Seasonal Dynamics of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Biomasses of Microorganisms in Arable Mollisols Affected by Different Tillage Systems

Yuriy Kravchenko, Xingyi Zhang, Chun-yu Song, Wei Hu, Anna Yarosh, Olena Voitsekhivska

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Mollisol; soil organic matter; microorganisms; microbial index; crop growing season

Online: 21 February 2022 (12:05:40 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Tillage has been reported to induce seasonal changes of organic carbon (Сmicro) and nitrogen (Nmicro) in biomass of microorganisms. Soil microorganisms execute such ecosystem functions as: it is an immediate sink of labile biophil elements; it is an agent of a conversion, catalysis and synthesis of humus substances; it transforms soil contaminants into non-hazardous wastes; it participates in soil aggregation and pedogenesis as a whole. However, the seasonal turnover of microorganisms on arable lands in temperate ecosystems has not been investigated on a relevant level. Hence, we aimed to study the dynamics of such soil microbial biomass patterns as: Сmicro, Nmicro, microbial index (MI = (Сmicro/CTOC)·100, %) and CO2-C emission on the background of 9 years of tillage and 22 years of abandoned (Ab) and fallow (F) usage. Our study was conducted on a long-term experimental site on a Mollisol in the northeast China. The maximum Сmicro and Nmicro content was found: at the beginning of the growing season – in 0-10-; in mid-July – in 20-40 cm layers, while the minimum – in August-October. The Сmicro content ranged from 577.79- and 381.79 mg-1 kg-1 under Ab in spring to 229.53- and 272.86 mg-1 kg-1 in autumn under CT (conventional tillage) and F in 0-10- and 10-20 cm layers, respectively. The amplitude of Nmicro content changes was several times lower comparatively to Сmicro. The smallest quartile range (IQR0.25-0.75) of such changes was under: no-till (NT) and Ab in 0-10-, NT and F – in 10-20- and CT - in 20-40 cm layers. The widest Сmicro : Nmicro ratio was found at F and CT – in 0-20- and CT and rotational tillage (Rot) – in 20-40 cm layers. MI dynamics resembled the trends of Сmicro and Nmicro and changed from 0.72  0.168- tо 2.00  0,030 %. The highest part of Сmicro in CTOC was at Ab (1.82  1.85 %) and NT (1.66  1.52 %) – in 0-10-; Ab (1.23  1.27 %) and NT (1.29  1.32 %) – in 10-20- and – Ab (1.19  1.09 %) and F (1.11  1.077 %) – in 20-40 cm layers, correspondingly. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient between Сmicro and CTOC increased from the upper 0-10- to the lower 20-40 cm layer, it was "strong" and "high" between Сmicro and CTOC. Different use of Mollisol affected the amplitude of Сmicro and Nmicro seasonal changes, but it didn’t change their trend. Our results suggest the key role of Ab and NT technologies in Сmicro accumulation in total organic carbon (TOC).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0109.v1

Legal Complexities of Entry, Rescue, Seizure and Disposal of Disaster Affected Companion Animals in New Zealand

Steve Glassey

Subject: Social Sciences, Law Keywords: animal; disaster; law

Online: 5 August 2020 (05:02:17 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1143.v1

Wild species from the family Apiaceae, traditionally used as food in some Mediterranean countries

Ekateina Kozuharova, Giuseppe Antonio Malfa, Rosaria Acquaviva, Benito Valdes, Alla Aleksanyan, Daniela Batovska, Christina Stoycheva, Moh Rejdali, Abdel Rahman Al-Tawaha, Pasquale Marino, Vivienne Spadaro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: consumed wild umbellifers; similarity; distribution; Jaccard index; heatmap clustering

Online: 17 June 2024 (12:09:05 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1848.v1

Unraveling insights in Feeding Experiences of Mothers of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Faida Miriam Buregea, Aganze Gloire-Aimé Mushebenge, Penny Reimers, Anna Coutsoudis

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: breastfeeding assistance methods; very low birth weight; donor human milk; exclusive breastfeeding; breastfeeding; LMICs

Online: 26 June 2024 (10:47:08 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Background: Breastfeeding is essential for optimal infant health, offering numerous benefits such as infection prevention and enhanced bonding. Despite its importance, challenges exist, particularly for mothers of preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, necessitating effective lactation support strategies. Initiatives like the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) and Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) aim to promote breastfeeding success, while donor human milk (DHM) serves as an alternative bridge while the mother is supported to build up her supply. Adequate lactation support, counseling, and education are vital antenatally, during NICU stays and after discharge to improve breastfeeding rates and infant health outcomes, ultimately contributing to global efforts to reduce neonatal mortality and achieve sustainable development goals. This study explores existing research on factors influencing mothers’ ability to produce breast milk and sustain breastfeeding, with the aim of enhancing lactation support and improving infant health outcomes.Methods/Design: A systematic review will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Searches will be performed in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE Ovid via EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and WILEY online Library) to identify and incorporate primary research articles related to the topic published between 2014 and 2024. Authors will search peer-reviewed articles, gray literature sources, and reference lists to identify eligible studies. Independent abstract and full-text screening by two reviewers will follow the title screening. The analysis of data will be carried out using Review Manager software (version 5.3.5). The I² test will be used to quantify the amount of unexplained heterogeneity. Potential biases related to study size (such as publication bias) will be examined through the application of several techniques, including funnel plots, Egger’s test, Begg’s test, and Trim and Fill analysis.Discussion: Our review represents a singular exploration into exclusive breastfeeding among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), focusing on breastfeeding assistance methods. With VLBW defined as less than 1500 g, and most low birth weight (LBW) babies born in LMICs, there is a critical need to address feeding challenges and promote optimal nutrition. Despite updated WHO guidelines in 2022, there is still a lack of comprehensive advice for this vulnerable population. Peer support interventions and health worker counseling have shown promise in increasing breastfeeding continuation rates in LMICs, but challenges persist due to workforce shortages and inadequate documentation. Promoting early postpartum milk expression is crucial for milk production and infant health. Our review aims to fill the gap in understanding VLBW mothers’ breastfeeding experiences in LMICs, shedding light on the effectiveness of breastfeeding support methods and identifying areas for further research. Systematic review registration: CRD42024547864

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0126.v1

Pathophysiology of Infective Endocarditis in High-Income Countries

Francesco Nappi, Giorgia Martuscelli, Francesca Bellomo, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh, Marc R. Moon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Infective Endocarditis; Staphylococcus Aureus; Biofilm; Immune response; Fibronectin

Online: 7 July 2022 (10:00:18 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0234.v1

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System Mapping in Different Countries

Ramendra Pati Pandey, Riya Mukherjee, Chung-Ming Chang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: AMR, Surveillance; One Health Approach; Alternative Antibiotics; Comparative Medicine; Phage Therapy

Online: 17 January 2022 (14:46:22 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Antibiotics are in excessive use that has extensively increased antimicrobial resistance worldwide which has become the major public concern among the countries. To control this threat proper monitoring of the antimicrobial usage along with the increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is required. Further, surveillance of both the parameters is highly recommended for comparing the differences in distinct countries. Moreover, alternatives for antibiotics are also surveyed and are being researched for quick use in the near future. AMR is an issue that needs immense attention from various sectors. Thus, intervention of multisector is highly encouraged for better outcomes. One Health is one of the approaches that play a vital role in resolving this issue. In this research paper, six different European countries are discussed in terms of antimicrobial usage and AMR in the human and livestock sectors with the help of literature study and various reports published by different organizations. Data study has been conducted to collect the data for comparison study. Data sources of AMR and antimicrobial usage are analyzed and a thorough comparison of both antimicrobial use and AMR are conducted. Also, the application of One Health is studied for a balanced system. This article provides about various surveillance systems that are formed only to keep a track on the upcoming situation of AMR and the consumption of antimicrobials by the humans as well as animals. The article does not provide about all the details required to monitor the AMR issue but firmly allow the readers to get acknowledged with the broad information about the antimicrobial resistance across the six countries of Europe. The regular data collected by the different organizations play a vital role in monitoring the status of AMR and antimicrobial usage by humans and in live stocks. These annual reports have highly helped the government to decide for alternatives and have focused in many training activities to combat the AMR situation globally. AMR prevention is linked to the One Health concept. As antibiotic resistance genes persist on an interface between environment and animal and animal health, an approach is required in all three areas that stress the concept of 'One Approach to Health.'

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0467.v1

Energy Efficiency in OECD Countries: A DEA Approach

Filip Fidanoski, Kiril Simeonovski, Violeta Cvetkoska

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: energy efficiency; primary energy; electricity; DEA analysis

Online: 25 January 2021 (10:12:17 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0453.v1

One Health Landscape in Sub-Saharan African Countries

Folorunso Oludayo Fasina, Olubunmi G. Fasanmi, Yilma J. Makonnen, Charles Bebay, Bernard Bett, Kristina Roesel

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: one health; Africa; public health; animal health; environment health; zoonosis; emerging and re-emerging diseases; food safety; antimicrobial resistance; toxicosis

Online: 19 September 2020 (10:05:32 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

An evaluation of emerging issues in One Health (OH) in Sub-Saharan Africa was undertaken to map the existing OH initiatives in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Desk review, expert opinions survey, limited interviews and wider consultations with selected OH stakeholders were conducted. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to OH initiatives were identified. OH influence, interest and impacts were evaluated. One Health is transiting from multidisciplinary to transdisciplinary concepts and OH viewpoint should move from ‘proxy for zoonoses’, to include issues of climate change, nutrition and food safety, social sciences, geography, policy and planning, economics, welfare and well-being, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), vector-borne diseases, toxicosis and pesticides issues. While the identified major strengths should be boosted, the weaknesses should be addressed.OH Networks in SSA were spatially and temporally spread across SSA and stakeholders were classified as key, latent, marginal and OH defenders. Imbalance in stakeholders’ representation led to hesitation in buying-in from stakeholders who are outside the main networks. Theory of change, monitoring and evaluation frameworks, and tools to standardized evaluation of OH policies is needed for sustained future of OH and the future OH engagement should be outputs and outcomes-driven and not activity-driven.National roadmap for OH implementation and institutionalization is necessary and proofs of concepts in OH should be verified and scaled-up. Dependence on external funding is unsustainable and must be addressed. Necessary policy and legal instrument to support OH nationally and sub-nationally should be implemented taking cognizance of contemporary issues like urbanization, endemic poverty and other emerging issues. Utilizing current technologies and OH approach to address ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 and other emerging diseases is desirable. Finally, OH implementation should be anticipatory and not reactive to significantly benefit budgeting and contain disease outbreaks in animal sources before the risk of spillover to human can be envisaged.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1845.v1

Interactive Effect of Nano Chitosan and Soil Mulching on Salt Affected Soil Characteristics and Phaseolus vulgaris L. Productivity

Nasser Abdel- Kader, Mohssen Elbagory, Mohamed E. Ahmed, Esraa Saber, Alaa El-Dein Omara, Tamer H. Khalifa

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: Biochemical soil characteristics; Common bean; Mulching; Nano Chitosan; Salt affected soil

Online: 26 December 2023 (02:35:37 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Search Results

38498 articles found