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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0969.v1

The Importance of Entomo-Virological Investigation of Yellow Fever Virus to Strength Surveillance in Brazil

Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz, Leonardo Henrique Almeida Hernández, Carine Fortes Aragão, Thito Yan Bezerra Da Paz, Sandro Patroca da Silva, Fábio Silva da Silva, Ana Alice Aquino, Glennda Juscely Galvão Pereira Cereja, Bruna Lais Sena do Nascimento, José Wilson Rosa Junior Rosa Junior, Carmeci Natalina Elias, Cristiano Gomes Nogueira, Daniel Garkauskas Ramos, Vagner Fonseca, Marta Giovanetti, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Bruno Tardelli Diniz Nunes, Pedro F. da Costa Vasconcelos, Livia Carício Martins, Joaquim Pinto Nunes-Neto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: yellow fever virus; vectors; Aedes albopictus; outbreak; entomo-virological surveillance

Online: 15 May 2023 (03:25:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0564.v1

A Novel Mastadenovirus from N. noctula which Represents a Distinct Evolutionary Branch of Viruses Infecting Bats in Europe

Anna S. Speranskaya, Alexander V. Dorokhin, Elena V. Korneenko, Ivan K. Chudinov, Andrei E. Samoilov, Sergey V. Kruskop

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Chiroptera; European bat mastadenoviruses; novel species; viral distribution; Vespertilionidae; Nyctalus noctule; Pipistrellus nathusii

Online: 9 May 2024 (07:16:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0099.v1

CO₂ Gasification Reactivity of Chars Derived From Zhundong Coal

Yun Liu, Yanjun Guan, Kai Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Zhundong coal; char; CO2 gasification; alkali and alkaline earth metals

Online: 23 January 2017 (09:27:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0189.v1

Promoting Effect of Inorganic Alkali on Carbon Dioxide Adsorption in Amine-Modified MCM-41

Yang Teng, Lijiao Li, Gang Xu, Kai Zhang, Kaixi Li

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: amine-modified MCM-41; CO2 adsorption; inorganic alkali; alkali amounts

Online: 22 August 2016 (05:47:02 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0184.v2

Virological Sampling of Inaccessible Wildlife with Drones

Jemma L. Geoghegan, Vanessa Pirotta, Erin Harvey, Alastair Smith, Jan P. Buchmann, Martin Ostrowski, John-Sebastian Eden, Robert Harcourt, Edward C. Holmes

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: whale; virome; drone; mammalian host; virosphere

Online: 30 May 2018 (07:37:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1030.v1

Impact of Treatment with Direct Antivirals on Coagulation Parameters in Patients with HCV-related Liver Cirrhosis and Sustained Virological Response

Laura Huiban, Carol Stanciu, Cristina Maria Muzica, Irina Girleanu, Raluca Ioana Avram, Ioana Roxana Damian, Robert Nastasa, Ermina Stratina, Sebastian Zenovia, Horia Minea, Remus Stafie, Adrian Rotaru, Ana-Maria Singeap, Stefan Chiriac, Ioana Miruna Balmus, Anca Trifan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: coagulation parameters; procoagulant factors; anticoagulant factors; chronic hepatitis C infection; direct-acting antivirals therapy; sustained virological response; liver cirrhosis

Online: 15 August 2024 (02:46:36 CEST)

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Background and Aims: Sustained virologic response (SVR) lead to the decrease of portal hypertension, the regression of fibrosis, the improvement of the hepatic synthesis of procoagulant and anticoagulant factors. We aimed to assess the influence of SVR on coagulation parameters in HCV cirrhotic patients treated with DAAs. Methods: We performed a prospective study in the Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Iasi, Romania, between January 2022 and February 2024. We included patients diagnosed with compensated and decompensated HCV-related liver cirrhosis, treated with direct antivirals (PrOD ± RBV or SOF/LED ± RBV) for 12/24 weeks. Blood samples for biochemical, immunological and coagulation tests were collected at baseline, EOT and SVR12/24. Results: We analyzed a group of 52 patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis, predominantly female (68.0%), the degree of severity of cirrhosis placed the patients mainly in Child-Pugh classes B (40%) and C (36%). All patients achieved SVR. The MELD score decrease at EOT (13.48 ± 4.273; p =0.001), and SVR (9.88 ± 2.774; p = 0.000), compared to baseline (14.92 ± 4.707). Fibroscan values decreased at SVR (17.596 ± 3.7276; p = 0.000) compared to baseline (26.068 ± 7.0954). For all common coagulation parameters (platelets, INR, PT, fibrinogen, aPTT) there was a trend towards improvement during treatment, changes that were statistically significant for the majority of patients. Factor II low at baseline (75.40 ± 7.506), increases at EOT (87.40 ± 9.587), and later at SVR (99.12 ± 11.695; p = 0.000). FVIII values increased at baseline (175.52 ± 16.414) decrease at EOT (151.48 ± 13.703) and SVR (143.40 ± 13.937). FvW values decreased during treatment (146.84 ± 9.428 – baseline, 141.32 ± 9.690; p =0.000 – EOT, 126.68 ± 17.960 – SVR). In regards to the anticoagulant factors (PC, PS, ATIII), a significant improvement was brought on by SVR. Advanced stages of liver disease showed the most diminished FII activity, while at baseline and in Child-Pugh C patients we recorded the highest values of FVIII and FvW. Conclusions: Our study proved that the “reset” of the coagulopathy might be due to the improving of the liver function due to viral eradication secondary to AAD therapy.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0558.v1

Accidents at Work: A Meta-Analysis to Improve Risk Assessment and Health Surveillance

Ginevra Malta, Santo Fruscione, Fulvio Plescia, Antonina Argo, Emanuele Cannizzaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Work health; Health Surveillance; Safety equipment; Work accidents

Online: 9 February 2024 (13:16:55 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0897.v1

A Systematical Review on ART Use in HTLV Infection: Clinical, Virological, and Immunological Outcomes

Tatiana Fernandez, Cleyde Marconi, Iris Montaño-Castellón, Felice Deminco, CARLOS BRITES

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: HTLV; Antiretroviral; Treatment

Online: 11 July 2024 (08:27:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0601.v1

Virological and Clinical Outcomes in Adults Treated with Ribavirin Aerosol for COVID-19 Pneumonia

Emanuela Messina, Giulia Morsica, Sabrina Bagaglio, Laura Galli, Riccardo Lolatto, Michela Sampaolo, Maxime Barakat, Robert J Israel, Antonella Castagna, Nicola Clementi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: COVID-19; pneumonia; ribavirin aerosol; treatment; outcome; viral load; whole genome sequencing

Online: 10 July 2023 (10:16:20 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0913.v1

Rugby Union Match Injury Surveillance in Portuguese Top-Tier Competition

Nuno Pinto de Sousa Lopes, António Miguel Cruz-Ferreira, Diana Freitas Torres Lima, Marta Amaral Silva, Luiz Miguel Santiago

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Sports medicine; injury surveillance; Rugby; injury prevention; incidence

Online: 13 August 2024 (11:09:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0463.v1

Wastewater Based Epidemiology for Viral Surveillance in an Endemic Perspective: Evidence and Challenges

Marco Verani, Alessandra Pagani, Ileana Federigi, Giulia Lauretani, Nebiyu Tariku Atomsa, Virginia Rossi, Luca Viviani, Annalaura Carducci

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Wastewater-Based Epidemiology; wastewater surveillance; Human Adenovirus; Enterovirus; Norovirus; SARS-CoV-2; endemic environmental monitoring

Online: 8 February 2024 (09:16:44 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0464.v1

Review of the Current Status on Livestock Abortigenic Diseases Surveillance in Africa and Asia

George Peter Semango, Joram Buza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: abortion; livestock; Africa; Asia

Online: 8 March 2024 (04:20:32 CET)

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Introduction Livestock abortigenic agents, which are microorganisms that lead to premature foetal death and expulsion before completion of the gestation period, are common in Africa and Asia. Abortion events cause economic losses by lowering reproduction (and hence herd/flock sizes) and effects on milk production. Despite the importance of livestock production for food security and livelihoods of millions of the world’s poorest communities, very little is known about the scale, magnitude or causes of livestock abortion in Africa. The aim of this review was to determine the current status of the burden of livestock abortion and surveillance measures adopted for livestock abortigenic pathogens in Africa and Asia, and to explore feasible surveillance technologies. Methodology A systematic literature search was conducted using Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in four databases for studies published between 1 Jan 1990 and 31 July 2021 that reported epidemiological surveys of livestock abortigenic pathogens in cattle, goats and sheep in Africa and Asia including; Brucella spp., Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, Rift valley fever virus, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia, Leptospira and Bovine viral Diarrhoea Virus. A meta-analysis was used to estimate the species-specific prevalence of the abortigenic diseases and the region where they were detected. Results In the systematic literature search, 48 full papers were included which in total included 50 species-specific surveillance reports from Africa and 19 from Asia. Adjusted median seroprevalence calculations estimated Brucella at 6.85% (range 1.2-11.6) of 9071 sheep, 3.35% (range 0.90-5.40) of 17,007 goats, 8.95% (range 0.50-63.60) of 171,733 cattle, Neospora at 6.80% (range 6.80 -6.80) of 555 sheep, 10.80 (range 10.80-10.80) of 185 goats, 12.65% (range 3.40- 25.60) of 3775 cattle, Toxoplasma at 27.50% (range 1.40 – 75.90) of 2284 sheep, 32.0% (range 20.00- 64.80) of 1226 goats, 7.50% (range 7.50 - 7.50) of 174 cattle, Coxiella at 9.20 (range 9.20 – 9.20) of 184 sheep, 24.20% (range 24.20-24.20) of 91 goats, 13.80% (range 13.80-13.80) of 217 cattle, Rift valley fever virus at 7.70 (2.40-40.00) of 874 sheep, 20.95 (range 2.50-40.00) of 547 goats, 7.45% (range 3.60-11.30) of 309 cattle, Bovine viral diarrhea virus at 78.90 (range 78.90 – 78.90) of 398 cattle, Leptospira at 70.50 (range 70.50 – 70.50) of 373 cattle and Chlamydia at 6.60 (6.60-6.60) of 803 sheep. We found that most studies, 45 (89%) used serological surveys, 1 (2%) used molecular and 1 (2%) reported to have used Mobile-phone based surveillance approach. Three studies (6.25%) of the 48 included were embedded in the national surveillance programs of the respective countries they were conducted, majority 89% were stand-alone cross-sectional studies. Conclusion In conclusion, livestock abortigenic pathogens are still a burden in many African and Asian countries.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1355.v1

Comparison of Different Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Methods Based on a Severe Rainfall Event in Tuscany, Italy, November 2023

Alessio Biondi, Luca Facheris, Fabrizio Argenti, Fabrizio Cuccoli

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Weather radar; rain gauge; quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE); rainfall; data fusion; merging methods

Online: 18 September 2024 (04:55:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0571.v1

Detection of Mpox Virus Using a Wastewater Surveillance Approach in Brazil

Juliana Calabria de Araujo, Ana Paula A. Carvalho, Cintia D. Leal, Manuelle Natividade, Marcus Borin, Augusto Guerra, Natalia Carobin, Adriano Sabino, Mariana Almada, Maria Cristina M. Costa, Flavia Saia, Livia V. Frutuoso, Felipe Campos M. Iani, Talita E.A. Ribeiro, Vagner Fonseca, Marta Giovanetti, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Monkeypox virus; genomic surveillance; wastewater surveillance; wastewater-based epidemiology; sewage virome

Online: 9 May 2024 (07:10:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0588.v1

SMS-Based Active Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Immunization in Children: The VigiVax Study

Laura Augusta Gonella, Francesca Moretti, Annalisa Capuano, Caterina De Sarro, Lorenza Ferrara, Elisabetta Geninatti, Greta Guarnieri, Xhikjana Hysolakoj, Margherita Lalli, Olivia Leoni, Antea Maria Pia Mangano, Patrizia Marani Toro, Viviana Mecchia, Maria Caterina Merlano, Caterina Palleria, Anna Maria Potenza, Paola Rossi, Marco Rossi, Francesca Sanita, Ester Sapigni, Cristina Scavone, Claudia Sommaro, Marco Tuccori, Giovanna Zanoni, Ugo Moretti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Active vaccine safety surveillance; Adverse event following immunization; Short Message Services; Pediatric vaccination; Patient reporting; Immunization Registries; Digital technologies; Digital innovation for vaccine safety surveillance; serious adverse events

Online: 8 August 2024 (08:45:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1291.v1

Development of Smallpox Antibody Testing and Surveillance Following Smallpox Vaccination in the Republic of Korea

Hwachul Shin, SangEun Lee, Myung-Min Choi, Hwajung Yi, Yoon-Seok Chung

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: smallpox; Vaccinia virus; smallpox vaccine; antibody titer; ELISA; bioterrorism

Online: 20 August 2024 (04:55:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0145.v1

Conceptual Design of an Unmanned Electrical Amphibious Vehicle for Ocean and Land Surveillance

Hugo Policarpo, João P. B. Lourenço, António M. Anastácio, Rui Parente, Francisco Rego, Daniel Silvestre, Frederico Afonso, Duarte M. S. Albuquerque, Nuno M. M. Maia

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Vehicle, Amphibious, Unmanned, Electric vehicle, Conceptual design, Surveillance

Online: 2 April 2024 (10:45:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0800.v1

Wastewater Genomic Surveillance to Track Infectious Disease-Causing Pathogens in Agadir and Inezgane Cities

Maryem Wardi, Ahmed Belmouden, Mohamed Aghrouch, Abdellah Lotfy, Youssef Idaghdour, Zohra Lemkhente

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Wastewater-based epidemiology; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Influenza A; Morocco; Genomic surveillance

Online: 13 August 2024 (03:24:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1215.v1

Surveillance of Bacterial Load and Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria on Surfaces of Public Restrooms

Khadega Ibrahim, Maisha Tahsin, Aninda Rahman, Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman, MD Mizanur Rahman

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Public Restrooms; Contamination; Coliforms; Gram-positive; Gram-negative; Antibiotic Sensi-tivity; Antibiotic Resistance; Multidrug Resistant

Online: 21 March 2024 (02:03:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0065.v1

Modelling of Spatio-temporal Zero Truncated Patterns in Infectious Disease Surveillance Data

Oyelola Adegboye, Denis Leung, You-Gan Wang

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: generalized estimating equations; overdispersion; poisson; spatio-temporal; Leishmaniasis

Online: 13 March 2017 (09:30:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0321.v1

How to Improve Surveillance Program for Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli (STEC): Gap Analysis and Pilot Study

Valerio Massimo Sora, Francesca Zaghen, Alfonso Zecconi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: E. coli; STEC; epidemiology; surveillance; molecular biology; PCR; dairy; bovines.

Online: 3 April 2024 (16:33:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1828.v1

Wastewater Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Zambia: An Early Warning Tool

Doreen Mainza Shempela, Walter Muleya, Steward Mudenda, Victor Daka, Jay Sikalima, Mapeesho Kamayani, Dickson Sandala, Chilufya Chipango, Kapina Muzala, Kunda Musonda, Joseph Yamweka Chizimu, Chilufya Mulenga, Otridah Kapona, Geoffrey Kwenda, Maisa Kasanga, Michael Njuguna, Fatim Cham, Bertha Simwaka, Linden Morrison, John Bwalya Muma, Ngonda Saasa, Karen Sichinga, Edgar Simulundu, Roma Chilengi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Wastewater; Surveillance; Early warning; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Zambia

Online: 26 June 2024 (06:05:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1380.v1

Systematic Surveillance and Meta-Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance

Himanshu K, Riya Mukherjee, Jasmina Vidic, Marisa Manzano, Saheem Ahmad, V. Samuel Raj, Ramendra Pandey, Chung-Ming Chang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), Antibiotics; Surveillance; India; Taiwan

Online: 19 May 2023 (05:01:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0055.v1

Electronic Surveillance and Security Applications of Magnetic Microwires

Valentina Zhukova, Paula Corte-Leon, Juan Maria Blanco, Mihail Ipatov, Julian Gonzalez, Arcady Zhukov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: magnetic microwires; magnetic bistability; magnetic tag; electronic surveillance; domain wall propagation; post-processing; magnetic anisotropy; magnetostatic interaction.

Online: 4 January 2021 (16:18:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0457.v1

Profile of Serological (IgM/IgG) and Virological Markers of COVID-19 in Some Private Universities in Cameroon During the Pandemic

Rodrigue Kamga Wouambo, Cecile Ingrid Djuikoué, Livo Forgu Esemu, Luc Aime Kagoue Simeni, Murielle Tchitchoua, Paule Dana Djouela Djoulako, Joseph Fokam, Madeleine Singwe-Ngandeu, Eitel Mpoudi Ngolé, Teke Apalata

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; serological markers (IgM/IgG); Prevalence; private universities; Cameroon

Online: 25 January 2023 (11:27:36 CET)

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Background: COVID-19 remains a rapidly evolving and deadly pandemic worldwide. This necessitates the continuous assessment of existing diagnostic tools for robust, up-to-date and cost-effective pandemic response strategy. We sought to determine the infection rate (PCR-positivity) and degree of spread (IgM/IgG) of SARS-CoV-2 in three university settings in Cameroon Method: Study volunteers were recruited from November 2020 to July 2021 among COVID-19 non-vaccinated students in three Universities from two regions of Cameroon (West and Centre). Molecular testing was performed by RT-qPCR on nasopharyngeal swabs and IgM/IgG antibodies in plasma were detected using the Abbott Panbio IgM/IgG rapid diagnostic test (RDT) at the Virology Laboratory of CREMER/IMPM/MINRESI. The molecular and serological profiles were compared and, p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Amongst the 291 participants enrolled (mean age 22.59±10.43 years), 19.59% (57/291) were symptomatic and 80.41 %(234/2691) asymptomatic. Overall COVID-19 PCR-positivity rate was 21.31% (62/291), distributed as follows: 25.25% from UdM-Bangangte; 27.27% from ISSBA-Yaounde and 5% from IUEs/INSAM-Yaounde. Women were more affected than men (28.76% [44/153] vs. 13.04% [18/138], p<0.0007) and they significantly expressed more IgM+/IgG+ (15.69% [24/153] vs. 7.25% [10/138], p<0.01). Participants from Bangangté, the nomadic, and the “non-contact cases” mainly presented an active infection compared to those from Yaoundé (p= 0.05; p=0.05 and p=0.01 respectively). Overall IgG seropositivity (IgM-/IgG+ and IgM+/IgG+) was 24.4% (71/291). A proportion of 26.92% (7/26) presenting COVID-19 IgM+/IgG- had negative PCR versus 73.08% (19/26) with positive PCR, p<0.0001. Furthermore, 17.65% (6/34) with COVID-19 IgM+/IgG+ had negative PCR as compared to 82.35% positive PCR (28/34), p<0.0001. Lastly, 7.22% (14/194) with IgM-/IgG- had a positive PCR. Conclusion: This study calls for a rapid preparedness and response strategy in higher institutes in case of any future pathogen with pandemic or epidemic potentials. The observed disparity between IgG/IgM and viral profile supports prioritizing assays targeting the virus (nucleic acid or antigen) for diagnosis and antibody screening for sero-surveys

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1055.v2

Theory of Change for Building Stronger Wildlife Health Surveillance Systems Globally

Liz P. Noguera Z., Carrie Kappel, Marcela M. Uhart, François Diaz, Claire Cayol, Keren Cox-Witton, Clare Death, Damien O. Joly, Kevin Brown, Emma G. Gardner, Sarin Suwanpakdee, Bernard Bett, Kim M. Pepin, Kacey Yellowbird, Dina Saulo, Oliver Morgan, Sarah H. Olson, Mathieu Pruvot

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: one Health; wildlife health surveillance; WHIN

Online: 16 July 2024 (10:34:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0764.v1

Comparison of Trapping Efficacy of Locally Modified Gravid Aedes Trap and Autocidal Gravid Ovitrap for the Monitoring and Surveillance of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes in Tanzania

Jane Johnson Machange, Masudi Suleiman Maasayi, John Mungi, Jason Moore, Joseph Barnabas Muganga, Olukayode G. Odufuwa, Sarah J. Moore, Frank Chelestino Tenywa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Aedes aegypti; mosquito traps; vector control; Bio-Gents Sentinel trap; Gravid Aedes Trap; Autocidal Gravid Ovitrap; Tanzania

Online: 11 April 2024 (14:11:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1641.v1

Dietary Habits, Meal-Timing, and Meal Frequency in Kuwaiti Adults: Analysis of the Kuwait National Nutrition Surveillance Data

Fatema Alkhulaifi, Suad Al-Hooti, Sameer Al-Zenki, Husam Alomirah, And Charles Darkoh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: dietary habits; meal timing; meal frequency; late night dinner; skipping meals; Kuwait

Online: 26 September 2023 (03:23:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1740.v1

Marijuana Use and Associated Risk Behavior Factors among High School Students in Mississippi: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System 2021

Amal K. Mitra, Zhen Zhang, Julie A. Schroeder

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: marijuana; risk behavior; drug use; suicidality; CDC; YRBS

Online: 23 July 2024 (07:12:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0463.v1

Diagnostic Accuracy of Saliva-Based Testing as a Vibrio cholerae Surveillance Tool

Caroline Cleopatra Chisenga, Bernard Phiri, Harriet Ng'ombe, Mutinta Muchimba, Fraser Liswaniso, Biana Bernshtein, Adam F Cunningham, David Sack, Samuel Bosomprah

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: saliva; vibriocidal antibodies; Cholera; natural infection

Online: 8 March 2024 (03:52:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1703.v1

Surveillance, Isolation, and Genetic Characterization of Bat Herpesviruses in Zambia

Hayato Harima, Yongjin Qiu, Junya Yamagishi, Masahiro Kajihara, Katendi Changula, Kosuke Okuya, Mao Isono, Tomoyuki Yamaguchi, Hirohito Ogawa, Naganori Nao, Michihito Sasaki, Edgar Simulundu, Aaron S Mweene, Hirofumi Sawa, Kanako Ishihara, Bernard M Hang’ombe, Ayato Takada

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: herpesvirus; bat; surveillance; complete genome; Zambia

Online: 24 May 2023 (05:30:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0228.v1

HIV Treatment, Prevention, Surveillance and Patient Monitoring in South Africa

Brian Williams

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV, Tuberculosis, South Africa, Epidemic control

Online: 19 July 2019 (10:46:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0222.v1

Artificial Intelligence and Innovative Surveillance Methods—An Additional Value in Livestock Farming?

Matthias Eddicks, Franziska Feicht, Jochen Beckjunker, Marika Genzow, Carmen Alonso, Sven Reese, Mathias Ritzmann, Julia Stadler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: surveillance; sample types; novel; diagnostics; respiratory disease; Influenza; oral fluids; bioaerosol samples

Online: 3 September 2024 (09:41:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0406.v1

Hexa-Propeller Airship for Environmental Surveillance and Monitoring in Amazon Rainforest

José Raul Azinheira, Reginaldo Hughes Carvalho, Ely Carneiro de Paiva, Rafael de Angelis Cordeiro

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Airship; Unmanned Aerial Vehicles; Autonomous Control System; Environmental Monitoring; Robotic Vehicles

Online: 7 March 2024 (08:20:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0147.v1

Intelligent Video Surveillance System with Abnormal Behavior Recognition and Metadata Retrieval

Hyungtae Kim, Joongchol Shin, Seokmok Park, Joonki Paik

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Metadata generation; abnormal recognition; metadata retrieval; intelligent surveillance system

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:27:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0111.v1

Salmonella Surveillance Systems in Swine and Humans in Spain: A Review

Marta Martínez-Avilés, Macarena Garrido-Estepa, Julio Álvarez, Ana de la Torre

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Zoonoses, food-borne, disease control, public health, domestic livestock, pigs, One health

Online: 11 January 2019 (10:59:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0806.v1

Active Surveillance in the Management of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: The Radiologist’s Point of View

Luca Nicosia, Giuseppe di Giulio, Anna Carla Bozzini, Marianna Fanizza, Francesco Ballati, Anna Rotili, Matteo Lazzeroni, Antuono Latronico, Francesca Abbate, Giuseppe Renne, Francesca Addante, Marco Lucioni, Enrico Cassano, and Mauro Giuseppe Mastropasqua

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS); Invasive Breast Carcinoma; Underestimation; Upgrade Rate; Vacuum assisted breast biopsy (VABB); Breast Microcalcifications; Active Surveillance.

Online: 31 December 2020 (12:52:08 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1616.v1

Harnessing Wastewater Surveillance to Detect Livestock-Linked Viruses

Warish Ahmed, Yawen Liu, Wendy Smith, Wayne Ingall, Michael Belby, Aaron Bivins, Paul Bertsch, David Williams, Kirsty Richards, Stuart Simpson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: wastewater surveillance; livestock; zoonotic pathogens; one health; animal epidemiology

Online: 25 September 2023 (04:58:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1828.v1

Genomic Surveillance of Rabies Virus in Georgian Canines

Celeste Huaman, Adrian C. Paskey, Caitlyn Clouse, Austin Feasley, Madeline Rader, Gregory K Rice, Andrea E Luquette, Maren C Fitzpatrick, Hannah M Drumm, Regina Z Cer, Marina Donduashvili, Tamar Buchukuri, Anna Nanava, Christine E Hulseberg, Michael A Washington, Eric D Laing, Francisco Malagon, Kimberly A Bishop-Lilly, Christopher C Broder, Brian C Schaefer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Rabies; lyssaviruses; RABV; dog; jackal; canine; neutralization; genomics; next-generation sequencing; phylogeny

Online: 26 June 2023 (14:44:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0234.v1

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System Mapping in Different Countries

Ramendra Pati Pandey, Riya Mukherjee, Chung-Ming Chang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: AMR, Surveillance; One Health Approach; Alternative Antibiotics; Comparative Medicine; Phage Therapy

Online: 17 January 2022 (14:46:22 CET)

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Antibiotics are in excessive use that has extensively increased antimicrobial resistance worldwide which has become the major public concern among the countries. To control this threat proper monitoring of the antimicrobial usage along with the increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is required. Further, surveillance of both the parameters is highly recommended for comparing the differences in distinct countries. Moreover, alternatives for antibiotics are also surveyed and are being researched for quick use in the near future. AMR is an issue that needs immense attention from various sectors. Thus, intervention of multisector is highly encouraged for better outcomes. One Health is one of the approaches that play a vital role in resolving this issue. In this research paper, six different European countries are discussed in terms of antimicrobial usage and AMR in the human and livestock sectors with the help of literature study and various reports published by different organizations. Data study has been conducted to collect the data for comparison study. Data sources of AMR and antimicrobial usage are analyzed and a thorough comparison of both antimicrobial use and AMR are conducted. Also, the application of One Health is studied for a balanced system. This article provides about various surveillance systems that are formed only to keep a track on the upcoming situation of AMR and the consumption of antimicrobials by the humans as well as animals. The article does not provide about all the details required to monitor the AMR issue but firmly allow the readers to get acknowledged with the broad information about the antimicrobial resistance across the six countries of Europe. The regular data collected by the different organizations play a vital role in monitoring the status of AMR and antimicrobial usage by humans and in live stocks. These annual reports have highly helped the government to decide for alternatives and have focused in many training activities to combat the AMR situation globally. AMR prevention is linked to the One Health concept. As antibiotic resistance genes persist on an interface between environment and animal and animal health, an approach is required in all three areas that stress the concept of 'One Approach to Health.'

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0911.v1

Candida auris Outbreak in a Multidisciplinary Hospital in Romania, during Post-pandemic Era: Potential Solutions and Challenges in Surveillance and Epidemiological Control

Violeta Melinte, Alexandra Daniela Tudor, Adrian Georgian Bujoi, Adelina Maria Radu, Cristina Maria Văcăroiu, Miriana Cismaru, Tiberiu Sebastian Holban, Luminița Carmen Mîrzan, Ruxandra Popescu, Robert Cătălin Ciupan, Alin Baciu, Oriana Elena Moraru, Matei Popa-Cherecheanu, Valeriu Gheorghiță

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Candida auris hospital outbreak; emerging infections; antimicrobial resistance; healthcare-associated infections; post-pandemic era.

Online: 15 March 2024 (11:10:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1571.v1

The Use of Remote Sensing for Maritime Surveillance for Security and Safety

Shivam Kumar Pandey, Bansi Kaneria

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: remote sensing&field1=keywords">remote sensing; maritime surveillance; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs); maritime security; international maritime law; illegal fishing; environmental monitoring; data integration; satellite imagery

Online: 22 August 2024 (08:22:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0214.v1

Worldwide Surveillance Actions and Initiatives of Drinking Water Quality: A Scoping Review

Rayssa Horacio Lopes, Cícera Renata Diniz Vieira Silva, Ísis de Siqueira Silva, Pétala Tuani Cândido de Oliveira Salvador, Léo Heller, Severina Alice da Costa Uchôa

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Drinking water; potable water; public health surveillance; quality control; government.

Online: 15 September 2022 (02:17:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0051.v1

Total Edentulism and Its Epidemiological Surveillance in Oaxaca, Mexico from 2009–2019.

Enrique Martínez-Martínez, Carlo Medina-Solís, Juan Alpuche

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: edentolous; elderly; oral health

Online: 3 December 2021 (11:00:57 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0178.v1

A Vegetation and Soil Survey Method for Surveillance Monitoring of Rangeland Environments

Ben Sparrow, Jeff Foulkes, Glenda Wardle, Emrys Leitch, Stefan Caddy-Retalic, Stephen van Leeuwen, Andrew Tokmakoff, Nicole Thurgate, Greg Guerin, Andrew Lowe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: ecological monitoring methods; vegetation composition; vegetation cover; vegetation structure; soil sampling methods; sample management; electronic data collection

Online: 15 November 2019 (08:56:27 CET)

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Ecosystem surveillance monitoring is critical to managing natural resources and especially so under changing environments. Despite this importance, the design and implementation of monitoring programs across large temporal and spatial scales has been hampered by the lack of appropriately standardised methods and data streams. To address this gap, we outline a surveillance monitoring method based on permanent plots and voucher samples suited to rangeland environments around the world that is repeatable, cost-effective, appropriate for large-scale comparisons and adaptable to other global biomes. The method provides comprehensive data on vegetation composition and structure along with soil attributes relevant to plant growth, delivered as a combination of modules that can be targeted for different purposes or available resources. Plots are located in a stratified design across vegetation units, landforms and climates to enhance continental and global comparisons. Changes are investigated through revisits. Vegetation is measured to inform on composition, cover and structure. Samples of vegetation and soils are collected and tracked by barcode labels and stored long-term for subsequent analysis. Technology is used to enhance the accuracy of field methods, including differential GPS r plot locations, instrument based Leaf Area Index (LAI) measures, and three dimensional photo-panoramas for advanced analysis. A key feature of the method is the use of electronic field data collection to enhance data delivery into a publicly-accessible database.Our method is pragmatic, whilst still providing consistent data, information and samples on key vegetation and soil attributes. The method is operational and has been applied at more than 704 field locations across the Australian rangelands as part of the Ecosystem Surveillance program of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN). The methodology enables continental analyses, and has been tested in communities broadly representative of rangelands globally, with components being applicable to other biomes. Here we also recommend the consultative process and guiding principles that drove the development of this method as an approach for development of the method into other biomes. The consistent, standardised and objective method enables continental, and potentially global analyses than were not previously possible with disparate programs and datasets.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1825.v1

Prevalence and Trend of Drug Use among Adolescents in Mississippi and the United States: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) 2001–2021

Zhen Zhang, Amal K. Mitra, Julie A Schroeder, Lei Zhang

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: prevalence; trend; marijuana; inhalants; heroin; methamphetamines; illegal drug; YRBSS

Online: 28 May 2024 (08:38:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1123.v1

Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Altered Expression of Genes Involved in Metabolic and Immune Processes in NDV-Infected Chicken Embryos

Malarmathi Muthusamy, Kannaki T Ramasamy, Sunday Olusola Peters, Srinivasan Palani, Gowthaman Vasudevan, Murali Nagarajan, Sivakumar .Karuppusamy, Vasanthakumar Thangavelu, Thiruvenkadan Aranganoor kannan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: NDV; Chicken; Aseel; Kadaknath; White leghorn; Immune gene; Metabolic genes; HSP

Online: 15 September 2024 (07:32:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0110.v1

Efficient Human Violence Recognition for Surveillance in Real-Time

Herwin Alayn Huillcen Baca, Flor de Luz Palomino Valdivia, Juan Carlos Gutierrez Caceres

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Human violence recognition; video surveillance; real-time; spatial attention; spatial motion extractor; short temporal extractor; global temporal extractor; VioPeru

Online: 2 November 2023 (04:06:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0475.v3

Vehicle Instance Segmentation Polygonal Dataset for Private Surveillance System

Najmath Ottakath, Somaya Al-Maadeed

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Instance segmentation; Classification; Vehicle make classification; Mosaic-tiled augmentation

Online: 30 January 2023 (08:58:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0328.v1

Polyetherimide Reinforced Smart Inlays for Bondline Surveillance in Composites

Chresten Von der Heide, Julian Steinmetz, Oliver Völkerink, Patrick Makiela, Christian Hühne, Michael Sinapius, Andreas Dietzel

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: thin-film sensors; foil sensors; composite structures; structural bonding; multifunctional bondline; function conformity; sensor integration; structural health monitoring

Online: 18 August 2022 (03:41:32 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0314.v1

Surveillance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Yoshio Sumida, Masashi Yoneda, Yuya Seko, Hiroshi Ishiba, Tasuku Hara, Hidenori Toyoda, Satoshi Yasuda, Takashi Kumada, Hideki Hayashi, Takashi Kobayashi, Kento Imajo, Masato Yoneda, Toshifumi Tada, Takumi Kawaguchi, Yuichiro Eguchi, Oeda Satoshi, Hirokazu Takahashi, Eiichi Tomita, Takeshi Okanoue, Atsushi Nakajima, Japan Study Group of NAFLD (JSG-NAFLD)

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: hepatic fibrosis; Mac-2 binding protein glycated isomer; apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage; patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3; α-fetoprotein; PIVKA-II

Online: 14 July 2020 (13:55:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1394.v1

Molecular Characterization and Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages in Central India

Purna Dwivedi, Mukul Sharma, Afzal Ansari, Arup Ghosh, Subasa Chandra Bishwal, Suman Kumar Ray, Manish Katiyar, Kombiah Subbiah, Lalit Sahare, Mahendra Ukey, Pradip Barde, Aparup Das, Pushpendra Singh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Genetic diversity; Whole genome sequencing; Phylogenetic tree; COVID-19; Transmission

Online: 21 June 2024 (05:04:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0767.v1

Livestock Disease Data Management for E-Surveillance and Disease Mapping Using Cluster Analysis

Mohammed Kemal Ahmed, Durga Prasad Sharma, Hussein Seid Worku, Amir Ibrahim Tahir

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Data analytics; Cluster analysis; Disease mapping; Distance metrics; livestock Disease

Online: 12 June 2023 (05:10:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0379.v1

Epidemiological Surveillance of Eye Disease and People Awareness in the Abruzzo Region, Italy

Leonardo Mastropasqua, Rossella D'Aloisio, Alessandra Mastrocola, Fabiana Perna, Luca Cerino, Loredana Cerbara, Filippo Cruciani, Lisa Toto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Population screening; eye disease; prevalence; awareness

Online: 16 July 2021 (14:36:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0691.v1

Uganda Mountain Community Health System Perspectives and Capacities Towards Emerging Infectious Disease Surveillance

Aggrey Siya, Richardson Mafigiri, Richard Migisha, Rebekah C. Kading

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Alerts; Village Health Teams; Community Based Surveillance; Integrated Disease Surveillance and Reporting; Elgon; Climate Change; One Health

Online: 28 May 2021 (10:20:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0458.v1

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dynamics: Age and Gender-based Analysis of Surveillance Variables

Malik Khizar Hayat, Ali Daud, Rabeeh Ayaz Abbasi, Tehmina Amjad, Xiuzhen Jenny Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19); Correlation and analysis; Age and Gender; Hospitalization; Tests performed; Recovery

Online: 20 August 2020 (13:02:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0071.v1

COVID-19: Simultaneous Surveillance Studies and Case Series, Jordan as a Case Study

Ahmad Alkhawaldeh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2; Simultaneous surveillance; Jordan

Online: 5 May 2020 (10:57:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0195.v1

Automated Remote Insect surveillance at a Global Scale and the Internet of Things

Ilyas Potamitis, Panagiotis Eliopoulos, Iraklis Rigakis

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: precision agriculture, electronic insect traps, internet of things

Online: 29 May 2017 (10:02:26 CEST)

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Τhe concept of remote insect surveillance at large spatial scales for a number of serious insect pests of agricultural and medical importance is introduced in a series of our papers. We augment typical, low-cost plastic traps for many insect pests with the necessary optoelectronic sensors to guard the entrance of the trap in order to detect, time-stamp, GPS tag, and –in relevant cases- identify the species of the incoming insect from their wingbeat. For every important crop pest there are monitoring protocols to be followed in order to decide when to initiate a treatment procedure before a serious infestation occurs. Monitoring protocols are mainly based on specifically designed insect traps. Traditional insect monitoring suffers in that the scope of such monitoring: is curtailed by its cost, requires intensive labor, is time consuming, an expert is often needed for sufficient accuracy and can sometimes raise safety issues for humans. These disadvantages reduce the extent to which manual insect monitoring is applied and therefore its accuracy, which finally results in significant crop loss due to damage caused by pests. With the term ‘surveillance’ we intend to push the monitoring idea to unprecedented levels of information extraction regarding the presence, time-stamping detection events, species identification and population density of targeted insect pests. Insect counts as well as environmental parameters that correlate with insect’s population development are wirelessly transmitted to the central monitoring agency in real time, are visualized and streamed to statistical methods to assist enforcement of security control to insect pests. In this work we emphasize on how the traps can be self-organized in networks that collectively report data at local, regional, country, continental, and global scales using the emerging technology of the Internet of Things (IoT). This research is necessarily interdisciplinary and falls at the intersection of entomology, optoelectronic engineering, data-science and crop science and encompasses the design and implementation of low-cost, low-power technology to help reduce the extent of quantitative and qualitative crop losses by many the most significant agricultural pests. We argue that smart traps communicating through IoT to report in real-time the level of the pest population from the field straight to a human controlled agency can, in the very near future, have a profound impact on the decision making process in crop protection and will be disruptive of existing manual practices. In the present study, three cases are investigated : monitoring Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) using a) Picusan and b) Lindgren trap, and c) monitoring various stored grain beetle pests using the pitfall trap.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1822.v1

A Situation Analysis of the Capacity of Laboratories in Zambia to Conduct Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Challenges

Doreen Mainza Shempela, Steward Mudenda, Maisa Kasanga, Victor Daka, Mundia Hendrix Kangongwe, Mapeesho Kamayani, Jay Sikalima, Baron Yankonde, Cynthia Banda Kasonde, Ruth Nakazwe, Andrew Mwandila, Fatim Cham, Michael Njuguna, Bertha Simwaka, Linden Morrison, Joseph Yamweka Chizimu, John Bwalya Muma, Roma Chilengi, Karen Sichinga

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; bacteriology; laboratory capacity; surveillance; Zambia

Online: 28 May 2024 (09:59:50 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0942.v2

Environmental Surveillance through Machine Learning-Empowered Utilization of Optical Networks

Hasan Awad, Fehmida Usmani, Emanuele Virgillito, Rudi Bratovich, Roberto Proietti, Stefano Straullu, Francesco Aquilino, Rosanna Pastorelli, Vittorio Curri

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Earthquakes; Polarization; Machine-learning; Early-warnings; Optical-Networks; Sensing; Waveplate-model

Online: 7 May 2024 (17:32:06 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Dynamic Object Tracking on Autonomous UAV System: For Surveillance Applications

Li-Yu Lo, Chi Hao Yiu, Yu Tang, Boyang Li, Chih-Yung Wen

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: UAV; Object Detection; Object Tracking; Deep Learning; Kalman Filter; Autonomous Surveillance

Online: 28 September 2021 (11:27:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0209.v2

Disciplinary Technologies of Microfinance: Fictitious Proximity, Visibility and Surveillance in Rural Microfinance in Bangladesh

A H M Belayeth Hussain

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Microfinance, disciplinary power, governmental power, neoliberalism, Bangladesh

Online: 10 April 2019 (10:41:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0466.v1

Laboratory-based Surveillance of Shigella, Its Serotype and Resistance Patternc in Johannesburg, South Africa

Lawrence Zulu, Monde Nyila

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antibiotic; diarrhea; prevalence, shigella; shigellosis

Online: 27 August 2018 (15:08:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0079.v1

Design and Evaluation of Novel Textile Wearable Systems for the Surveillance of Vital Signals

Isabel G. Trindade, José Machado da Silva, Rui Miguel, Madalena Pereira, José Lucas, Luís Oliveira, Bruno Valentim, Jorge Barreto, Manuel Santos Silva

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: textile wearable technologies; flexible electronics; mHealth

Online: 23 September 2016 (04:02:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2582.v1

Investigation of Mutations in the crt-o and mdr1 Genes of Plasmodium vivax for the Molecular Surveillance of Chloroquine Resistance in Parasites from Gold Mining Areas in Roraima, Brazil

Jacqueline de Aguiar-Barros, Fabiana Granja, Rebecca de Abreu-Fernandes, Lucas Tavares de Queiroz, Daniel da Silva e Silva, Arthur Camurça Citó, Natália Ketrin Almeida-de-Oliveira Mocelin, Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro, Maria de Fátima Ferreira-da-Cruz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: Amazon; malaria; chloroquine; pvcrt-o; pvmdr1; mining

Online: 2 August 2024 (11:45:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1757.v1

Development of qPCR and LAMP Assays for the Surveillance and Diagnosis of Herpes B Virus Infection

Murasaki Amano, Krittiga Sapkanarak, Wipaporn Thbthimthong, Suthirote Meesawat, Taratorn Kemthong, Nutchanat Suttisan, Haruka Abe, Suchinda Malaivijitnond, Jiro Yasuda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Herpes B virus; zoonosis; LAMP; surveillance; cynomolgus macaque

Online: 26 September 2023 (13:39:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1090.v1

Dangerous Items Detection in Surveillance Camera Images Using Faster R-CNN

Zbigniew Omiotek, Ulzhalgas Zhunissova

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: object detection; faster R-CNN; deep learning; dangerous objects; public safety

Online: 17 June 2024 (10:25:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0412.v1

Safety-Security Analysis of Maritime Surveillance Systems in Critical Marine Areas

Batu Şengül, Fatih Yılmaz, Özkan Uğurlu

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: big data; artificial intelligence; maritime surveillance; maritime security; sustainability

Online: 7 November 2023 (06:46:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0722.v1

Anomaly Detection in Endemic Disease Surveillance Data Using Machine Learning Techniques

Peter U. Eze, Nicholas Geard, Ivo Mueller, Iadine Chades

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Anomaly detection; Malaria data; Machine learning; big data; epidemic

Online: 10 May 2023 (09:34:36 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0072.v1

FANET Experiment: Real-Time Surveillance Applications Connected to Image Processing System

Bashir Sadiq, Muhammed Abiodun, Sikiru Zakariyya

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Image Processing System; Drones; Surveillance system; FANET operations

Online: 3 August 2022 (03:54:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0233.v1

Ethical Issues in AI-enabled Disease Surveillance: Perspectives from Global Health

Ann Borda, Andreea Molnar, Cristina Neesham, Patty Kostkova

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: AI; disease surveillance; pandemics; global public health; ethics

Online: 18 February 2022 (10:36:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0267.v2

Systematic Review of Wastewater Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Populations

Kevin Chau, Leanne Barker, Eric Budgell, Karina-doris Vihta, Natalie Sims, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, Elinor Harriss, Derrick Crook, Daniel Read, Sarah Walker, Nicole Stoesser

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: AMR; sewage; epidemiology; wastewater; surveillance

Online: 21 June 2021 (11:25:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0597.v1

Surveillance for COVID-19 in the English Football League 2019-2020

Subhashis Basu, Richard Higgins, Aneil Malhotra, Imtiaz Ahmad

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Surveillance; COVID; Football; Infection; Professional; PCR; Elite

Online: 26 February 2021 (08:59:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0127.v1

In-Vivo Acoustic Surveillance of Trees in the Context of IoT

Ilias Potamitis, Iraklis Rigakis, Nicolaos-Alexandros Tatlas, Stelios Potirakis

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Xylotrechus chinensis; Rhynchophorus ferrugineus; precision agriculture; IoT.

Online: 14 February 2019 (10:04:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0211.v2

Surveillance of Mosquitoes for Zika Virus in Westchester County, New York

Randolph Earl Schilke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Zika virus; Flavivirus; RNA Viruses; Viruses; surveillance; occurrence; epidemiology; West Nile virus; Aedes; Culicidae

Online: 30 March 2017 (04:53:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1387.v1

Epidemiological Data and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter spp in Portugal from 13 Years of Surveillance

Andreia Duarte, Luisa Pereira, Maria-Leonor Lemos, João Rodrigues, Rui Matias, Andrea Santos, Mónica Oleastro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Campylobacter infection; epidemiology; surveillance; notification; antibiotic resistance

Online: 19 December 2023 (07:53:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0173.v1

Molecular Epidemiology Surveillance of SARS-Cov-2: Mutations and Genetic Diversity One Year After Emerging

Alejandro Flores-Alanis, Armando Cruz-Rangel, Flor Rodríguez-Gómez, James González, Carlos Alberto Torres-Guerrero, Gabriela Delgado, Alejandro Cravioto, Rosario Morales-Espinosa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; genetic diversity; molecular surveillance; natural selection; non-synonymous substitution

Online: 11 January 2021 (09:50:55 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0186.v1

Roles of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Carrying HSPs in Cancer Biomarkers, Immune Surveillance, and Immune Evasion

Eman Taha, Kisho Ono, Takanori Eguchi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: heat shock protein (HSP); extracellular vesicle (EV); exosome; oncosome; immune evasion; resistance-associated secretory phenotype (RASP); EMT; hypoxia; biomarker; liquid biopsy

Online: 17 August 2019 (16:15:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0585.v1

Nutritional Data on Selected Food Products Consumed in Oman: An Update of the Food Composition Table and Use for Future Food Consumption Surveys

Salima Almaamari, Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh, Ibtisam Al Ghammari, Saleh Al Shammakhi, Jokha Al Aamri, Jalila El Ati

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: laboratory values; nutrition label; ultra-processed products; NOVA system; nutrient profile; FoodEx2 system; traffic light label

Online: 9 February 2024 (11:45:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0487.v2

Optimization of Base Location and Patrol Routes for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Border Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance

Yao Liu, Zhong Liu, Jianmai Shi, Guohua Wu, Chao Chen

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: location routing; unmanned aerial vehicle; border patrol; heuristic

Online: 16 January 2019 (10:04:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0375.v1

Dual Cellular-Path (MIHP) Healthy Urbanism － Justifying, Peacebuilding Surveillance at Borderlands / Kinmen

Li-Yen Hsu

Subject: Social Sciences, Political Science Keywords: availability; cipher coding; clogged water; honeycomb tori; maintainability; mutually independent Hamiltonian paths (MIHP); interference; privacy; reliability; wicked problems

Online: 18 August 2021 (11:22:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0126.v1

Surveillance of Groundwater Quality Using Geographical Information System in Kannur District, India

Thangavelu Arumugam, Praveen Krishna, Sapna K

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: GIS, Groundwater, Physico- chemical parameters, Statistics

Online: 15 January 2018 (16:48:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1928.v3

Strengthening Pathogen and Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance by Environmental Monitoring in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Stakeholder Survey

Ananda Tiwari, Taru Miller, Vito Baraka, Marc Tahita, Vivi Maketa, Berenger Kabore, Paul Kingpriest, Patrick Mitashi, Eric Lyimo, Hillary Sebukoto, Tarja Pitkänen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Wastewater; Waterborne pathogen; sub-Saharan African countries; environmental surveillance; prioritization

Online: 5 February 2024 (12:25:29 CET)

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Background: Waterborne diseases pose a significant global public health threat, compelling enhanced comprehensive surveillance. This study investigates the current infectious disease and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance systems, including wastewater and environmental surveillance (WES), in three sub-Saharan African countries: Tanzania, Burkina Faso, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The three countries have their specificities regarding wastewater networks and logistic systems. So, emphasizing the need to strengthen existing disease surveillance, the paper advocates for incorporating WES systems specifically designed for countries' context to monitor waterborne and re-emerging pathogens, as well as AMR.Methods: National workshops were conducted to assess the current clinical and environmental surveillance systems and identify priority pathogens for new environmental monitoring. Data were collected through surveys from experts in academia, research, policy, and healthcare. Results: Prioritized pathogens for WES include waterborne (poliovirus, Salmonella Typhi, Vibrio cholerae), respiratory (influenza A&B, SARS-CoV-2), other (Measles and Rubella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Recommended AMR pathogens include drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella spp., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing E. coli. Tanzania, Burkina Faso, and the DRC employ DHSI2-based centralized electronic systems for clinical data collection, complemented by Excel and paper-based registries. The WES approach is commonly employed for monitoring poliovirus and rarely for AMR and other pathogens. Discussion and conclusions: WES is a valuable tool for early detection of locally circulating human-derived pathogens, aiding in outbreak detection, data-driven epidemic response, and prevention. The availability of WES results underscores the importance of effective sanitation for safeguarding human, animal, and environmental health. WES is a pivotal tool for integrated risk management, preventing waterborne outbreaks, protecting drinking water sources, and ultimately gaining various UN Sustainable Development Goals. The study highlights the importance of customized WES systems in line with each country's context, emphasizing localized approaches for effective monitoring of waterborne pathogens and AMR.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0360.v1

SARS-CoV-2 in Domestic UK Cats from Alpha to Omicron: Swab Surveillance and Case Reports

Sarah Jones, Grace B. Tyson, Richard J. Orton, Katherine Smollett, Federica Manna, Kirsty Kwok, Nicolás M Suárez, Nicola Logan, Michael McDonald, Andrea Bowie, Ana Filipe, Brian J. Willett, William Weir, Margaret J. Hosie

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; coronavirus; pets; companion animals; reverse zoonosis; veterinary; animal welfare; feline; One Health

Online: 4 August 2023 (14:48:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0494.v1

Mapping Malaria Vectors in West Africa: Drone Imagery and Deep-Learning Analysis for Targeted Vector Surveillance

Fedra Trujillano, Gabriel Jimenez Garay, Hugo Alatrista-Salas, Isabel Byrne, Miguel Nunez-del-Prado, Kallista Chan, Edgar Manrique, Emilia Johnson, Nombre Apollinaire, Pierre Kouame Kouakou, Welbeck A. Oumbouke, Alfred B. Tiono, Moussa W. Guelbeogo, Jo Lines, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, Kimberly Fornace

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: malaria vector; deep learning; image classification; drone images; epidemiological control

Online: 28 March 2023 (15:57:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0035.v1

Risk-Based Mapping Tools for Surveillance and Control of the Invasive Mosquito Aedes Albopictus in Switzerland

Damiana Ravasi, Francesca Mangili, David Huber, Laura Azzimonti, Lukas Engeler, Nicola Vermes, Giacomo Del Rio, Valeria Guidi, Mauro Tonolla, Eleonora Flacio

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Aedes albopictus; ovitrap; regularized logistic regression; ecological niche model; environmental factors; surveillance

Online: 2 February 2022 (13:18:11 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0481.v1

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Warish Ahmed, Stuart Simpson, Paul Bertsch, Kyle Bibby, Aaron Bivins, Linda Blackall, Silvia Bofill-Mas, Albert Bosch, Joao Brandao, Phil Choi, Mark Ciesielski, Erica Donner, Nishita D'Souza, Andreas Farnleitner, Daniel Gerrity, Raul Gonzalez, John Griffith, Pradip Gyawali, Charles Haas, Kerry Hamilton, Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Valerie Harwood, Rehnuma Haque, Greg Jackson, Stuart Khan, Wesaal Khan, Masaaki Kitajima, Asja Korajkic, Giuseppina La Rosa, Blythe Layton, Erin Lipp, Sandra McLellan, Brian McMinn, Gertjan Medema, Suzanne Metcalfe, Wim Meijer, Jochen Mueller, Heather Murphy, Colleen Naughton, Rachel Noble, Sudhi Payyappat, Susan Petterson, Tarja Pitkanen, Veronica Rajal, Brandon Reyneke, Fernando Roman, Joan Rose, Marta Rusinol, Michael Sadowsky, Laura Sala-Comorera, Yin Xiang Setoh, Samendra Sherchan, Kwanrawee Sirikanchana, Wendy Smith, Joshua Steele, Rosalie Sabburg, Erin Symonds, Phong Thai, Kevin Thomas, Josh Tynan, Simon Toze, Janelle Thompson, Andy Whiteley, Judith Wong, Daisuke Sano, Stefan Wuertz, Irene Xagoraraki, Qian Zhang, Amity Zimmer-Faust, Orin Shanks

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Surveillance; False-positive; False-negative; RT-PCR

Online: 19 April 2021 (13:08:13 CEST)

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Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Outcomes of a Cluster Randomized Trial in Young Breast Cancer Survivors and Blood Relatives: Surveillance and Genetic Services

Maria C. Katapodi, Chang Ming, Laurel L. Northouse, Sonia A. Duffy, Debra Duquette, Kari E. Mendelsohn-Victor, Kara J. Milliron, Sofia D. Merajver, Ivo D. Dinov, Nancy K. Janz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: HBOC; statewide random sampling; cancer survivorship; targeted intervention; tailored intervention; black participants; family recruitment

Online: 5 September 2019 (16:16:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0110.v1

Cooperated Routing Problem for Ground Vehicle and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: The Application on Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Missions

Yao Liu, Zhihao Luo, Zhong Liu, Jianmai Shi, Guangquan Cheng

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: two-echelon routing; vehicle routing; vehicle-mounted UAVs; ISR mission

Online: 13 February 2019 (10:33:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2114.v1

Sound of Surveillance: Enhancing Machine Learning-Driven Drone Detection with Advanced Acoustic Augmentation

Sebastian Kümmritz

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: UAV classification; machine learning; audio data augmentation; UAV detection

Online: 30 January 2024 (11:38:51 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0336.v1

Looking Forward: The Role of Academic Researchers in Building Sustainable Wastewater Surveillance Programs

Catherine Hoar, Jill McClary-Gutierrez, Aaron Bivins, Marlene Wolfe, Kyle Bibby, Andrea Silverman, Sandra McLellan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Covid-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; research; surveillance

Online: 25 March 2022 (03:30:23 CET)

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Background: In the span of just two years, tracking the COVID-19 pandemic through wastewater surveillance has advanced from early reports of successful SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in untreated wastewater to implementation of programs in at least 60 countries. Early wastewater monitoring efforts primarily originated in research laboratories and are now transitioning into more formal surveillance programs run in commercial and public health laboratories. A major challenge in this progression has been to simultaneously optimize methods and build scientific consensus while implementing surveillance programs, particularly during the rapidly changing landscape of the pandemic. Translating wastewater surveillance results for effective use by public health agencies also remains a key objective for the field. Objectives: We examine the evolution of wastewater surveillance to identify model collaborations and effective partnerships that have created rapid and sustained success. We propose needed areas of research and key roles academic researchers can play in the framework of wastewater surveillance to aid in the transition of early monitoring efforts to more formalized programs within the public health system. Discussion: Wastewater surveillance has rapidly developed as a public health tool Clinical testing programs are ramping down and home testing is on the rise, making wastewater monitoring important for future surveillance of COVID-19. Our experience in initiating and implementing wastewater surveillance programs in the United States has allowed us to reflect on key barriers and organizational challenges and draw useful lessons. As wastewater surveillance programs are formalized, the working relationships developed between academic researchers, commercial and public health laboratories, and data users should continue and should promote knowledge co-development. While wastewater surveillance has demonstrated utility for tracking COVID-19, there remain technical challenges and open scientific questions that researchers are equipped to address, which will contribute to building robust surveillance programs that provide public health practitioners with new insights into population health.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0713.v1

Development of Multiplex Molecular Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Dengue serotypes and Chikungunya virus for arbovirus surveillance

Louis Robert W BELEM, Sylvester Agha Ibemgbo, Michel Kiréopori Gomgnimbou, Antoinette Kaboré, Dileep Kumar Verma, Ankit Kumar, Ibrahim Sangare, Sujatha Sunil

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: multiplex; molecular; detection; dengue virus; chikungunya virus; arbovirus

Online: 9 January 2024 (14:33:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0209.v1

Spatiotemporal Modeling of Zoonotic Arbovirus Transmission in Northeastern Florida Using Sentinel Chicken Surveillance and Earth Observation Data

Lindsay P. Campbell, Robert P. Guralnick, Bryan V. Giordano, Mohamed F. Sallam, Amely M. Bauer, Yasmin Tavares, Julie Allen, Caroline Efstathion, Suzanne Bartlett, Randy Wishard, Rui-De Xiu, Benjamin Allen, Miranda Tressler, Whitney Qualls, Nathan D. Burkett-Cadena

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: spatiotemporal modeling; arbovirus transmission; remote sensing; eastern equine encephalitis virus; West Nile virus

Online: 16 May 2022 (12:22:14 CEST)

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The irregular timing and spatial variation in zoonotic arbovirus spillover from vertebrate hosts to humans and livestock present challenges to predicting their occurrence from year to year and within their broader geographic range, compromising effective prevention and control strategies. The objective of this study was to quantify effects of landscape composition and configuration and dynamic temperature and precipitation values on the 2018 spatiotemporal distribution of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) (Togaviridae, Alphavirus) and West Nile virus (WNV) (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) sentinel chicken seroconversion in northeastern Florida using Earth Observation (EO) data and a modeling framework that incorporated joint spatial and temporal effects. We investigated environmental effects using Bernoulli generalized linear mixed effects models (GLMMs) including a site level random effect, and then added spatial random effects and spatiotemporal random effects in subsequent runs. Models were executed using integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) and a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) approach in R-INLA. GLMMs that included a spatiotemporal random effect performed better relative to models that included only spatial random effects and better than non-spatial models. Results indicated strong spatiotemporal structure in seroconversion for both viruses, but EEEV exhibited more punctuated and compact structure at the beginning of the sampling season, while WNV exhibited more gradual and diffuse structure across the study area toward the end of the sampling season. Percentage of cypress/tupelo wetland land cover within 3500 m of coop sites and edge density of forest land cover within 500 m had a strong positive effect on EEEV seroconversion, while the best fitting model for WNV was the intercept only model with spatiotemporal random effects. Lagged temperature and precipitation variables included in our study did not have a strong effect on seroconversion for either virus when accounting for temporal autocorrelation, demonstrating the utility of capturing this structure to avoid Type I errors. Predictive accuracy on out-of-sample data for EEEV seroconversion demonstrates the potential to develop a temporally dynamic framework to predict arbovirus transmission.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0453.v1

UDTN-RS: A New Underwater Delay Tolerant Network Routing Protocol for Facilitating Coastal Patrol and Surveillance Networks

Ahmed Ali Neffati, Saiful Azad, Mufti Mahmud, Suryanti Awang, Kamal Z. Zamli, M. Shamim Kaiser, Mohammed A. Aseeri, Muhammad Raisuddin Ahmed

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: coastal patrol and surveillance network; UDTN-Prob; UDTN-RS; DTN networks; DTN routing protocols; DESERT underwater simulator

Online: 17 November 2020 (14:06:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2185.v1

Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Workers before and after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cohort Study in a Primary Care Unit of Brazil

Ana Cláudia Pinheiro Torres, Raissa Nogueira Brito, Wildo Navegantes de Araújo, Priscila Pedrette, Daiani Cristina Cilião Alves, Ana Izabel Passarella Teixeira, Carolina Carvalho Gontijo, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra Romero, Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves, Walter Massa Ramalho

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Monitoring; seroprevalence; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19

Online: 29 August 2024 (14:25:32 CEST)

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Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCW) are at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral surveillance for early detection of COVID-19 is a critical strategy to understand the infection dynamics in this population and to prevent transmission. The study examines SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection among HCW vaccinated against COVID-19 who are employed at a primary health care unit serving a disenfranchised community of Brazil. Methods: The study was conducted in Cidade Estrutural, Federal District of Brazil, between February and October 2021. Participants were interviewed and provided samples. A prospective open cohort study was used to analyze the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection. Nasopharyngeal and peripheral blood samples were collected from workers presenting with flu-like symptoms and subjected to RT-qPCR and serological testing (IgM and IgG chemiluminescence). The frequencies of infection and reinfection (RT-qPCR positive results 90 days after the infection) were calculated along with their respective confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Of the 128 workers, 61 (47.65%; CI: 39.19-56.25) reported probable SARS-CoV-2 infection before vaccination. Of these, 50 (39.06%; CI: 31.04-47.71) had SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination, confirmed by molecular tests. Reinfection was identified in seven workers (14.00%; CI: 6.95-26.18), based on the 90-day interval between results. The serological data from the 128 workers during the cohort indicated that 68 had IgG antibodies (53.12%; CI: 44.5-61.5) and 46 had IgM antibodies (35.93%; CI: 28.14-44.54) against SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 infection was common in community health workers (CHW, 56%), registered nurses (50%), and licensed practice nurses (33%). Following the COVID-19 vaccination, the percentage of infections among CHW decreased from 47.83% to 4.35%. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that (i) approximately 40% of the workers were infected with SARS-CoV-2 in 2021 and (ii) reinfections confirmed by RT-qPCR occurred in 14% of the HCW after vaccination. The results provide valuable insights into the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 among HCW in a primary care unit serving a minoritized community.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Use of Slaughterhouses as Sentinel Points for Genomic Surveillance of Subclinical Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus in Vietnam

Umanga Gunasekara, Miranda R Bertram, Do H Dung, Bui Huy Hoang, Nguyen Thanh Phoung, Vo V Hung, Nguyen V Long, Minh Phan, Le T Vu, Pham V Dong, Andres Perez, Kimberly VanderWaal, Jonathan Artz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Phylogenetics; Subclinical infection; FMD outbreaks; Disease control; Surveillance; Sentinels

Online: 30 August 2021 (11:54:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0248.v1

Gross Motor Development of Children with Congenital Heart Disease Receiving Early Systematic Surveillance and Individualized Intervention: Brief Report

Solène Fourdain, Marie-Noëlle Simard, Lynn Dagenais, Manuela Materassi, Amélie Doussau, Justine Goulet, Karine Gagnon, Joëlle Prud'homme, Marie-Claude Vinay, Mathieu Dehaes, Ala Birca, Nancy C. Poirier, Lionel Carmant, Anne Gallagher

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: congenital heart disease; gross motor development; early intervention; Alberta Infant Motor Scales (AIMS); Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development; Third edition (Bayley-III)

Online: 23 August 2019 (11:51:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1361.v1

Performance Evaluation of Edge Computing Object Detection Models for Maritime Surveillance on Raspberry Pi

Hyago V. L. B. Silva, Felipe Augusto Pereira de Figueiredo, Samuel B. Mafra, Mateus R. da Cruz

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Computer Vision, Object Detection, Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Maritime-Surveillance.

Online: 19 June 2024 (13:04:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.2000.v1

A Simple Inexpensive Alkaline Method for DNA Extraction from Environmental Samples for PCR Surveillance

Abdulkarim Shwani, Bin Zuo, Adnan Alrubaye, Jiangchao Zhao, Douglas Duane Rhoads

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: microbiome; bacteria; DNA extraction; poultry; swine; air sampling

Online: 30 November 2023 (15:40:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0582.v1

Health Surveillance Actions in the Context of COVID-19 in Brazil: A Scoping Review

Larissa Araújo Borges, Pedro Henrique Brito da Silva, Cristina Rosa Soares Lavareda Baixinho, Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio Zara, Ellen Synthia Fernandes de Oliveira

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Ministry of Health; Public Health Surveillance; COVID-19; Brazil

Online: 10 October 2023 (12:15:40 CEST)

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