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Working Paper REVIEW

Stressor And Coping Strategies Of People Living With Hiv/aids (PlWHA): A Literature Review

Ahmad Ikhlasul Amal, Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Stressor; Coping Strategies; HIV/AIDS

Online: 16 April 2021 (09:59:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0420.v1

Hodgkin Lymphoma in People Living With HIV

Jose Tomas Navarro, Jose Moltó, Gustavo Tapia, Josep Maria Ribera

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma, HIV,; antiretroviral therapy; prognosis; etiopathogenesis

Online: 20 August 2021 (14:08:47 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Hodgkin Lymphoma In People Living With HIV

Jose Tomas Navarro, Jose Moltó, Gustavo Tapia, Josep Maria Ribera

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma, HIV; antiretroviral therapy; prognosis; etiopathogenesis

Online: 2 June 2021 (11:53:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0272.v1

Attitudes of Teachers in Training Towards People With HIV/AIDS.

Aranzazú Cejudo-Cortés, Encarnación Pedrero-García, Pilar Moreno-Crespo, Olga Moreno-Fernández

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: HIV; AIDS; vulnerable group; young people; trainee teachers; health education

Online: 11 February 2021 (09:39:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0141.v1

Molecular Identification of Cryptosporidium spp. in Patients Living with HIV / AIDS in Honduras

Sergio Betancourth, Osman Archaga, Wendy Moncada, Vilma Rodríguez, Gustavo Fontecha

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cryptosporidium spp; C. parvum; gp60; 18S ribosomal; cowp; HIV / AIDS; Honduras

Online: 4 February 2021 (14:42:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0840.v1

Evaluating the Health-Related Quality of Life of Transgender Living with HIV/AIDS in Lahore, Pakistan

Tahneem Yaseen, Syed Muhammad Ali, Mustansar Mehmood, Laiba Khalil, Laraib Ghouri, Malik Hammad Shaukat, Shahid Rasool

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HIV/AIDS; HRQoL; Transgender; EQ-5D; VAS; Khuwaja Sara

Online: 13 June 2024 (10:46:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0512.v1

Evidence On Viral Suppression Supports Scaling-Up Transition To Dolutegravir-Based Regimens In Pediatric Populations In Cameroon: A Multicentre Baseline Assessment For The Cipher-Adola Study

Joseph FOKAM, Yagai Bouba, Rogers Awoh Ajeh, Dominik Tameza Guebiapsi, Suzane Essamba, Albert Franck Zeh Meka, Ebiama Lifanda, Rose Armelle Ada, Yakouba Liman, Nancy Barbara Mbengono, Audrey Raissa Dzaddi Djomo, Suzie Ndiang Tetang, Samuel Martin Sosso, Jocelyne Carmen Babodo, Olivia Francette Ndomo Ambomo, Edith Michele Temgoua, Caroline Medouane, Sabine Ndejo Atsinkou, Justin Leonel Mvogo, Roger Martin Onana, Jean de Dieu Anoubissi, Alice Ketchaji, Alex Durand Nka, Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi, Aude Christelle Ka’e, Nadine Nguendjoung Fainguem, Rachel Simo Kamgaing, Désiré Augustin Komego Takou, Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket, Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Marie Atsama Amougou, Julius Nwobegahay, Comfort Vuchas, Anna Nya Nsimen, Bertrand Bille Eyoum, Sandra kenmegne Gatchuessi, Francis Ndongo Ateba, Daniel Kesseng, Serge Clotaire Billong, Daniele Armenia, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Paul Ndombo Koki, Hadja Cherif Hamsatou, Vittorio Colizzi, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo Federico Perno, Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Virological suppression; low level viremia; children, adolescents, and young-adults; DTG-based regimen; elimination of paediatric AIDS; Cameroon.

Online: 5 July 2024 (12:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1175.v1

Salivary And Urine Metabomic Profile Of Patients Living With Hiv/aids, And Its Association With Periodontal Disease

Viviane Balero Cosse De Sousa, Wagner Santos e Santos, Matheus Rigo Ribeiro, Gabriel Casemiro Quicoli, Juliana Silva, Guilherme Pires Cardoso, Caio Paulino Laporta, Maria Anita Mendes, Meriellen Dias, Ruth Andia Merlin, Bruno Vieira Caputo, Gilberto Araújo Noro Filho, Michael Bredos Arseniam, Kelly Cristine Tarquínio Marinho, Levy Anderson César Alves, Elcio Magdalena Giovani

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Metabolô; mica; Biofluidos; Metabó; litos; Biomarcadores; HIV.

Online: 19 March 2024 (16:32:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0212.v2

Stigma and Discrimination on People Living with HIV (PLHIV): a Systematic Review

Khotibul Umam, Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Stigma, discrimination, HIV/AIDS

Online: 19 April 2021 (22:13:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1770.v1

Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in People Living with HIV: TUBHIVIT Project, a Multicentre Italian Study

Luca Pipitò, Elena Delfina Ricci, Paolo Maggi, Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio, Giovanni Francesco Pellicano, Marcello Trizzino, Raffaella Rubino, Alessandra Lanzi, Lorenzo Crupi, Ilaria Capriglione, Nicola Squillace, Giuseppe Nunnari, Antonio Di Biagio, Paolo Bonfanti, Antonio Cascio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Tuberculosis; HIV; latent tuberculosis; TB; LTBI

Online: 26 April 2024 (20:02:59 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0075.v1

From Pathophysiology to Drug Interactions and Clinical Management of Dyslipidemia in People Living with HIV: Sailing through Rough Seas

Eleni Papantoniou, Konstantinos Arvanitakis, Konstantinos Markakis, Stavros P. Papadakos, Olga Tsachouridou, Djordje S. Popovic, Theocharis Koufakis, Georgios Germanidis, Kalliopi Kotsa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: HIV; dyslipidemia; metabolic syndrome; antiretroviral therapy; switching strategy

Online: 4 March 2024 (10:40:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0372.v1

Stigmatizing Attitudes Toward People Living with HIV among Young Women Migrant Workers in Vietnam

Toan Ha, David Givens, Trang Nguyen, Nam Nguyen

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: HIV; stigmatizing attitudes; women migrant workers; industrial zones; Vietnam

Online: 29 March 2022 (03:36:48 CEST)

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Despite intensive HIV education and prevention efforts in the past years, stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV (PLWH) remain a major barrier to HIV prevention and treatment efforts in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of stigmatizing attitudes regarding HIV and identifying correlative factors that impact perceptions of PLWH among women migrant workers working in the industrial zones (IZ) in Hanoi, Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1061 women migrant workers aged 18 to 29 from January to November 2020 in Hanoi, Vietnam. Stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWH were measured using a four-item scale. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to examine factors associated with stigmatizing attitudes. Over seventy-six (76.2 %) of the participants reported having at least one of the four stigmatizing attitudes. Greater levels of stigmatizing attitudes toward PLH were significantly associated with lower HIV knowledge, lower education and being Kinh (the ethnic majority in Vietnam). A high level of stigmatizing attitudes toward PWH among the study participants suggests that there is an urgent need for the development of appropriate culturally interventions and outreach education activities to reduce stigmatizing attitudes toward PWH among women migrant workers working in the IZs in Vietnam.Despite intensive HIV education and prevention efforts in the past years, stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV (PLWH) remain a major barrier to HIV prevention and treatment efforts in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of stigmatizing attitudes regarding HIV and identifying correlative factors that impact perceptions of PLWH among women migrant workers working in the industrial zones (IZ) in Hanoi, Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1061 women migrant workers aged 18 to 29 from January to November 2020 in Hanoi, Vietnam. Stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWH were measured using a four-item scale. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to examine factors associated with stigmatizing attitudes. Over seventy-six (76.2 %) of the participants reported having at least one of the four stigmatizing attitudes. Greater levels of stigmatizing attitudes toward PLH were significantly associated with lower HIV knowledge, lower education and being Kinh (the ethnic majority in Vietnam). A high level of stigmatizing attitudes toward PWH among the study participants suggests that there is an urgent need for the development of appropriate culturally interventions and outreach education activities to reduce stigmatizing attitudes toward PWH among women migrant workers working in the IZs in Vietnam.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0286.v1

People Living with HIV (PLWH) Controllers Induce High Production of IFN-γ to Gag Epitope

Bosco Christiano Maciel Da Silva, Lais Teodoro Da Silva, Gustavo Ferminie Hildebrando, Paula Ordonhez Rigato, Luis Fernando de Macedo Brigido, Marcello Mihailenko Chaves Magri, Mariana Amélia Monteiro, Tatiane Assone, Alberto José da Silva Duarte, Jorge Casseb

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV); Long-Term Non-Progressor (LTNP), Elite Controllers (EC); Viremic Controllers (VC); IFN-γ T cell responses; Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)

Online: 5 June 2023 (09:10:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1076.v1

Concordance of Cancer-Associated Cytokines and Mitochondrial DNA Deletion Mutations between Individuals with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and People Living with HIV

James Odame Aboagye, Ruth Ayanful-Torgby, Lei Zhou, Peter Wormenor, Vincent Ganu, Kenneth Tachi, Bernard Nii Akrashie Attoh, Miriam Mensah, Timothy Kuuguu, George Boateng Kyei, Elijah Paintsil

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); hepatitis; inflammatory cytokines; mitochondria DNA deletion

Online: 17 October 2023 (11:46:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0395.v1

Repurposing of Chloroquine and Its Derivative, Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: Implications for People Living with HIV in Africa

Chiagoziem Otuechere

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: coronavirus disease 2019; chloroquine; drug repurposing; HIV; Africa

Online: 22 April 2020 (08:33:34 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1084.v2

Gallbladder Burkitt’s Lymphoma: A Literature Review Including a Case Report in a Child Living with HIV

Nathalia Lopez Duarte, Ana Paula Silva Bueno, Bárbara Sarni Sanches, Gabriella Alves Ramos, Layanara Albino Batista, Thalita Fernandes de Abreu, Marcelo Gerardin Poirot Land, Cristiane Bedran Milito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Burkitt’ s lymphoma; gallbladder; malignant lymphoma; gallbladder cancer; HIV; pediatric; case report; Brazil

Online: 10 September 2024 (10:43:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0322.v1

Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis B Virus in People Living With HIV in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana

Bonolo B. Phinius, Wonderful T. Choga, Motswedi Anderson, Margaret Mokomane, Irene Gobe, Tsholofelo Ratsoma, Basetsana Phakedi, Gorata Mpebe, Lynnette Bhebhe, Tendani Gaolathe, Mosepele Mosepele, Joseph Makhema, Roger Shapiro, Shahin Lockman, Rosemary Musonda, Sikhulile Moyo, Simani Gaseitsiwe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Hepatitis B virus; Genotypes; Escape mutations; people living with HIV; Botswana; Africa

Online: 6 June 2024 (05:46:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0314.v1

Varicella-Zoster Virus Reactivation and Increased Vascular Risk in People Living With HIV: Data From a Retrospective Cohort Study

Deborah Fiordelisi, Mariacristina Poliseno, Nicolo' De Gennaro, Eugenio Milano, Carmen Rita Santoro, Francesco Vladimiro Segala, Carlo Felice Franco, Giorgia Manco Cesari, Luisa Frallonardo, Giacomo Guido, Giuliana Metrangolo, Greta Romita, Francesco Di Gennaro, Annalisa Saracino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Varicella-Zoster Virus; VZV; HIV; Stroke; Vascular risk

Online: 6 October 2023 (06:16:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0255.v1

Vertical Transmission and Treatment of HIV/AIDS Epidemic with Saturation Dynamics Modeling

Zolar Francesco

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Disease, Modelling, Mathematical Solution

Online: 5 March 2024 (13:53:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0370.v1

Medium-Long Term Impacts of Antiretroviral Drugs on Arterial Blood Pressure in People Living with HIV in Malawi

JEAN BAPTISTE SAGNO

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Hypertension; HIV; ARVs

Online: 22 August 2022 (03:49:48 CEST)

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Medium-Long term impacts of Antiretroviral drugs on arterial blood pressure in people living with HIV in Malawi.SAGNO Jean Bpatiste², Loenardo Palombi¹, Giuseppe Liotta¹, Victor T Tolno², Sangare H Mamary², Jere Haswel ².1= University of Tor vergata Roma, 2= Dream Health center MalawiKey Words: HIV, hypertension ABSTRACTIntroduction: We aimed to explore the medium-long term impacts of Anti-Retroviral Treatment (ART) on Hypertension in a sample of HIV-positive in Malawi. Methodology: This was a retrospective case control study carried out at DREAM health Centre in Blantyre/Malawi on patients who were enrolled from 2005 to 2019, Information about age, gender, blood pressure, ART regimen, BMI, CD4 count, Viral load, Biochemistry, hemoglobin, marital status, education level, survival and period on ARVs were retrieved from data base from 01/01/2006 to 31/12/2015.. In total, we enrolled (alive and on HAART)1350 patients > 18 years (mean age: 43.4 and the SD was ±10.7 with 1031 (65.9%) females and 534 (34.1%) males who were taking (or have taken) ARVs for more than 6 months at the date of enrollment and who were not affected by hypertension or potentially related diseases like Renal failure at the enrollment. The mean observation time, from the HAART initiation was 77 months per person (SD±40). Results: The sample was made up by two groups of patients, 675 who developed hypertension and 675 who did not, with similar age and gender composition. Among patients with hypertension, 30/675 (4.4%) developed a stage 3 hypertension, 154 a stage 2 (22.8%) and 491 a stage 1 (72.8%). Hypertension stages were not associated to statistic significant differences of age and/or gender ( p=0.422, p=0.281 respectively). At baseline, patients who developed hypertension showed higher hemoglobin, higher CD4 count and lower VL ( P<0.001). Patients on AZT-based regimen and TDF based regimen were at high risk to develop hypertension while PI-based regimen was protective to hypertension (P<0.001). In a multivariate analysis, factors independently associated to Hypertension were higher CD4 count and Body Mass Index at the visit date, while Baseline Viral Load and PI-Including regimes were protective factors. Education level was inversely associated with risk of hypertension, while being married was associated of risk of hypertension (p<0.001). Mortality rate among hypertensive patients was 1.6% for those treated for hypertension against the 3.6% for those not treated. Conclusion: this study shows a protective action of PI-including regimens compared with AZT based regimen that is associated to an increased risk of hypertension. Factors related to a better general health status are associated to an higher risk of hypertension as well as lower education, older age and male gender. Treatment should be started as soon as Hypertension stages 2-3 are reached and control by behavioral factors is no longer effective.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0483.v1

Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence Among HIV-Uninfected People Living in Rural and Peri-Urban Areas in Botswana

Motswedi Anderson, Thabo Mangogola, Bonolo B. Phinius, Gorata Mpebe, Christopher O. Aimakhu, Wonderful T. Choga, Basetsana Phakedi, Lynnette N. Bhebhe, Doreen Ditshwanelo, Kabo Baruti, Linda Mpofu-Dobo, Lebogang Othusitse, Tsholofelo Ratsoma, Tendani Gaolathe, Joseph Makhema, Roger Shapiro, Shahin Lockman, Sikhulile Moyo, Simani Gaseitsiwe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Hepatitis B Virus; HBV; prevalence; genotypes; mutations; HIV negative; Africa

Online: 8 May 2024 (07:19:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0440.v1

HIV/AIDS Mathematical Model of Triangle Transmission

Cristian Camilo Espitia Morillo, João Frederico da Costa Azevedo Meyer

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: HIV/AIDS Mathematical Model; Basic Reproduction Number; Stationary Points; Local and Global Stability Analysis.

Online: 28 October 2022 (07:05:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1053.v1

Comprehensive Knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Angola and Related Factors

Neida Neto Vicente Ramos, Inês Santos Estevinho Fronteira, Maria do Rosário O. Martins

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Angola; HIV; comprehensive knowledge; Health literacy; Sexuality

Online: 17 July 2023 (05:23:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2026.v1

Barriers to Antiretroviral Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV (PLHIV) at the time of COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines

Philip John Joves, Melgar Matulac, Rodolfo Pagcatipunan Jr.

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HIV; AIDS; antiretroviral therapy; COVID19; public health; medication adherence

Online: 30 August 2023 (09:45:38 CEST)

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I. Introduction: Adherence to ART reduces morbidity and mortality among PLHIV by suppression of viral replication, restoration and preservation of immune function. However, poor adherence may lead to treatment failure and death. PLHIV have high probability of treatment interruptions due to lockdowns related to COVID-19 protocol. Mortality rate is higher among COVID-19 patients with HIV than those with COVID-19 only. This led to determination of the barriers to antiretroviral medication adherence in PLHIV at the time of COVID-19 pandemic and seek significant association between identified HIV treatment barriers and socio-demographic characteristics. II. Methods: A cross-sectional study using online survey questionnaire was distributed via social media. Sample size was computed using Open Epi software. Data was analyzed using Stata software. Categorical variables and quantitative data were summarized using frequencies and percentages, and mean and standard deviation respectively. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, whichever is more appropriate, was used to determine association between socio-demographic characteristics and HIV treatment barriers. III. Results: There is a total of 116 respondents, 115 were males, homosexual (59.5%), with mean age of 30.25 years old (SD = 6.22) and majority (53.4%) were from NCR. The most common HIV treatment barriers reported by PLHIV in accessing treatment and care were unavailability of transportation and cost of courier services for ARV delivery (62.1%), location of treatment hubs (52.6%) and financial assistance (37.9%). IV. Conclusion: There is significant association between location of treatment hubs and respondents who finished college/graduate studies; checkpoints and crossing borders and: 1. respondents from Northern Luzon, 2. unemployment; financial assistance and: 1. Respondents 18 to 25 years old, 2. unemployment, 3. respondents who finished elementary/high school; psychosocial support and: 1. Respondents from NCR, 2. Respondents 26 to 30 years old;

Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0746.v1

Short Cycle Therapy with Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in a Small Cohort of Virally Suppressed People Living with HIV: A Long-Term Follow-Up

Massimiliano Lanzafame, Emanuela Lattuada, Andrea Delama, Giovanni Mori, Sandro Vento

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Antiretroviral treatment; short cycle therapy; HIV; virologically suppressed people; bictegravir

Online: 12 August 2024 (12:36:39 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0861.v1

Association between Rheumatic Disease Therapies and Cardiovascular Outcomes in People with HIV

Boghuma K. Titanji, Shumpei Nagatomi, Julia W. Gallini, Xiangqin Cui, Jennifer S. Hanberg, Evelyn Hsieh, Vincent. C Marconi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: rheumatic disease; HIV; cardiovascular events

Online: 11 September 2024 (11:06:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0493.v1

Evaluation of HIV and AIDS Workplace Policy at Nkhotakota District Council, Malawi

Patrick Mbulaje, Adamson Muula

Subject: Social Sciences, Political Science Keywords: HIV; HIV at workplace; District Implementation Plan; HIV and AIDS; Stakeholders; Funding

Online: 28 April 2020 (09:51:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0466.v1

Depression and Perceived Stress among Perinatal Women Living with HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria

Folahanmi T. Akinsolu, Abisola Lawale, Samuel Bankole, Zainab Adegbite, Ifeoluwa E Adewole, Olunike Abodunrin, Dolapo Raji, Hilary Okunbor, Diana Wangeshi Njuguna, Abideen Salako, Oliver C. Ezechi

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: depression; stress; HIV; pregnancy

Online: 27 February 2023 (09:34:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1759.v1

Sex-Biased Associations of Circulating Ferroptosis Inhibitors with Reduced Lipid Peroxidation and Better Neurocognitive Performance in People with HIV

Harpreet Kaur, Ravi Kumar Alluri, Kunling Wu, Robert C Kalayjian, William S Bush, Frank J Palella, Susan L Koletar, Corrilynn O Hileman, Kristine M Erlandson, Ronald J Ellis, Roger J Bedimo, Babafemi O Taiwo, Katherine K Tassiopoulos, Asha R Kallianpur

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: HIV; ferritin heavy-chain; ferritin light-chain; ferroptosis; lipid peroxidation; iron; oxidative stress; neurocognitive impairment; neurocognitive domains

Online: 24 August 2024 (00:22:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0191.v1

Analysis of the Resilience Process Experienced by People Living with Visual Impairment

In Ok Sim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: experience; resilience; process; visual impairments

Online: 14 February 2020 (09:24:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1372.v1

Prediction Model for the Effects of Tourism on the Spread of HIV and AIDS

Ofosuhene O. Apenteng, Philip Rasmussen, Beate Conrady

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Tourism; HIV; AIDS; Malaysia, mathematical model; reproduction number; sensitivity analysis

Online: 21 August 2023 (02:30:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0114.v1

Volunteering as Meaningful Activity for People Living with Young Onset Dementia: A Thematic ‘Co-Analysis’

Rose E Vincent, Rosalie Ashworth, Irene Donaldson, Julie Hayden, Gerald King, Chris Maddocks, Keith Oliver, Martin Robertson, Tom C Russ, Heather Wilkinson

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: volunteering; post-diagnosis; young-onset dementia; early-onset dementia; meaningful activity; purpose; co-production

Online: 2 May 2024 (09:47:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0348.v1

Accuracy of Anti-SARS-CoV2 Antibody in Comparison with Surrogate Viral Neutralization Test in Person Living with HIV, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Chronic Kidney Disease

Marita Restie Tiara, Chrisan Bimo Prayuda, Tara Titian Maulidya, Hofiya Djauhari, Dadang Suhendar, Rudi Wisaksana, Laniyati Hamijoyo, Rudi Supriyadi, Agnes Rengga Indrati, Bachti Alisjahbana

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; vaccination; antibody; immunoassay; neutralization antibody

Online: 4 April 2024 (05:53:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0407.v1

Willingness To Pay for HPV Vaccine Among Women Living With HIV in Nigeria

Folahanmi Akinsolu, Olunike Abodunrin, Ifeoluwa Adewole, Mobolaji Olagunju, Aisha O Gambari, Dolapo Raji, Ifeoma Idigbe, Diana W Njuguna, Abideen Salako, Oliver Ezechi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: HPV; Cervical cancer; HPV vaccine; Women; HIV

Online: 23 March 2023 (02:45:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0118.v1

Uncovering Spatio-Temporal and Treatment-Derived Differences in the Molecular Physiology of a Model Coral-Dinoflagellate Mutualism with Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Anderson Mayfield

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: acclimation; coral reefs; endosymbiosis; molecular biology; multivariate statistics; temperature; upwelling

Online: 11 August 2016 (11:03:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0904.v1

HIV-Induced Modulation of TREM2 Expression Is Reversed by Cannabidiol: Implications for Age-Related Neuropathogenesis in People with HIV

Bryant Avalos, Jacqueline R Kulbe, Mary Ford, Anna Elizabeth Laird, Kyle Walter, Michael Mante, Jazmin Florio, Ali Boustani, Antoine Chaillon, Johannes Schlachetzki, Erin Sundermann, David Volsky, Robert A Rissman, Ronald Ellis, Scott Letendre, Jennifer Iudicello, Jerel Adam Fields

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: TREM2; HIV; neuroinflammation; cannabis; immunomodulatory; CBD

Online: 13 August 2024 (08:56:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1101.v1

Stigma and Discrimination among Adolescents Living with Perinatal HIV in Thailand: Reports from Their Caregivers

Audrey Geoffroy, Wasna Sirirungsi, Parinya Jongpaijitsakul, Wanna Chamjamrat, Chutima Ruklao, Manoosin Kongka, Usa Sukhaphan, Somporn Sathan, Sriphan Thina, Tassawan Khayanchoomnoom, Sophie Le Cœur

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: perinatal HIV; stigmatization; discrimination; Thailand; bullying

Online: 15 July 2024 (10:17:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0386.v1

Safety and Immunogenicity of the Nonavalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Spanish Women Living with HIV

Maria del Carmen Hidalgo-Tenorio, Raquel Moya, Mohamed Omar, Leopoldo Muñoz, Antonio SamPedro, Javier Lopez-Hidalgo, Coral Garcia-Vallecillos, Patricia Gomez-Ronquillo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: nonavalent HPV vaccine; high squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL); low squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL); WLHIV; anal cancer; cervical cancer

Online: 7 June 2024 (02:48:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0958.v1

Comparison of the HBSC Results of the Visegrad Countries with the Health Behavior of Young People with Disabilities Living in Hungary: A Cross-Sectional Study

Agota Barabas, Attila Csaba Nagy, Viktoria Pazmany, Anita Katalin Grestyak Molnarne, Nemeth Agnes, György Jona, Agnes Santha, Peter Takacs, Emil Toldy, Renata Javorne Erdei

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: health; health behavior; disability; Visegrad Group

Online: 18 March 2024 (09:10:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1958.v1

Biographical reinvention through additive and subtractive strategies: the experience of men living with HIV in Indonesia

Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Lillian Mwanri, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Paul Russell Ward

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Biographical disruption; biographical reinvention; additive strategy; subtractive strategy; hope, optimism, resilience; men living with HIV, Indonesia

Online: 28 June 2023 (07:42:26 CEST)

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HIV diagnosis and management have often caused disruptions to the everyday life and imagined futures of people living with HIV, both at individual and social levels. This has been conceptualised, in a rather dystopian way, as ‘biographical disruption’. This paper attempts to re-cast data from interviews with 40 men living with HIV (MLHIV) in Yogyakarta and Belu, Indonesia, in a slightly more positive light. Our analysis uses the concepts of additive and subtractive resilience strategies and we show how, rather than having a purely disrupted biography, participants talked about their experiences of ‘biographical reinvention'. Study participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique, starting from two HIV clinics in the settings. Data were collected using one-on-one in-depth interviews, and a qualitative framework analysis was used to guide step-by-step data analysis. The findings showed that despite the disruptions in their everyday life (i.e., mental health condition, work, activities, social relationships, etc.) following the HIV diagnosis and management, MLHIV in our study managed to utilise their internal assets or traits (i.e., hope, optimism, resilience) and mobilised external resources (i.e., support from families, friends and healthcare professionals) to cope with the disruptions. An interweaving of these internal assets and external resources enabled them to take on new activities and roles (additive resilience strategies) and give up health compromising behaviours (subtractive resilience strategies). These were effective for most MLHIV in our study not only to cope with the HIV repercussions and improve their physical and mental health conditions, but to think or work on a ‘reinvented’ biography which encompassed resilience, hope and optimism for better health, life and future. The findings indicate the need for HIV interventions and healthcare systems that provide appropriate support for the development and maintenance of internal assets of PLHIV to enable them to cope with the repercussions of HIV and work on a ‘reinvented’ biography.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1199.v1

A Soft Exoskeleton System Based-On Segmented Composite Proprioceptive Bending Actuators for Hand Rehabilitation ADL Tasks

Kai Li, Daohui Zhang, Yaqi Chu, Xingang Zhao, Shuheng Ren, Xudong Hou

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Joint stiffness predicted; extension angle; Segmented Composite Proprioceptive Bending Actuators (SCPBAs); bending resistance; soft hand exoskeleton system

Online: 16 September 2024 (10:15:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1968.v1

A roadmap of noninstitutional living options for people with dementia: “Don’t fence me in.”

Maude Lévesque, Margaret Oldfield

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: At-home care; Dementia care; Noninstitutional alternatives; People living with dementia; Supportive decision-making; Transition planning

Online: 29 January 2024 (09:38:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0307.v1

Incidence of Histoplasmosis in a Cohort of People with HIV: From Estimations to Reality

Narda Medina, Juan Luis Rodriguez-Tudela, Luis Aguirre, Luis R Salazar, Osmar Gamboa, Oscar Bonilla, Juan C Pérez, Eduardo Arathoon, David W Denning, Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Histoplasmosis; Antigen; HIV; Opportunistic infections

Online: 17 November 2021 (12:44:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1335.v1

Factors Associated with Late Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in a University Hospital in Brazil: Challenges to Achieving the 2030 Target

Ligia Maria Nascimento Arantes, Andrey Oeiras Pedroso, Mayra Gonçalves Menegueti, Elucir Gir, Eliã Pinheiro Botelho, Ana Cristina de Oliveira e Silva, Renata Karina Reis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; late diagnosis; Nursing

Online: 19 July 2023 (11:40:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1633.v1

Prevalence of Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequalae and Average Time to Diagnosis Among Persons Living With HIV

John Muthuka, Everlyn Nyamai, Christopher Onyango, Kelly Oluoch, Rosemary Nabaweesi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: post COVID-19 Sequelea; HIV; meta-analysis; covariates

Online: 23 August 2023 (05:48:24 CEST)

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Aims: The aims of this meta-analysis were to assess: the prevalence of Post-Acute COVID-19 sequalae in HIV positive patients; average time of diagnosis; and meta-regress for possible moderators of PACS.Methods: A standard search strategy was used in PubMed, and then later modified according to each specific database to get the best relevant results. These included Medline indexed journals; PubMed Central; NCBI Bookshelf and publishers' Web sites in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. Search terms included “long COVID-19 or post-acute COVID-19 syndrome/sequalae”, “persons living with HIV or HIV. The criteria for inclusion were published clinical articles reporting HIV in association with long COVID-19, further, the average time to an event of post-acute COVID-19 sequelae among primary infected patients with COVID-19. Random-effects model was used. Rank Correlation and Egger's tests were used to ascertain publication bias. Sub-group, sensitivity and meta-regression analysis were conducted.A 95% confidence intervals were presented and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Review Manager 5.4 and comprehensive meta-analysis version 4 (CMA V4) were used for the analysis. The review/trial was PROSPERO registered (CRD42022328509).Results: A total of 43 studies reported post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Of those, five reported post-acute COVID-19 sequalae in PLHIV. Prevalence of post-acute COVID-19 sequalae was 43.1% (95% CI 20.5% to 68.9%) in persons living with HIV (PLWH). The average time to PACS diagnosis was 4 months at 64% [0.64 (95% CI 0.230, 0.913) (P < 0.0000), I²= 93%] and at one year to PACS diagnosis was at 70 %, however with non-significant correlation (P > 0.05). On comorbidities, asthenia was associated with PACS at 17.6 % [0.176 (95% CI 0.067, 0.385) (P = 0.008), I²= 86%] while fatigue at 82%, however not related with PACS event incidence (P < 0.05). Americas, Asian and European regions showed PACS events rates of 82%, 43% and 19 % respectively (P<0.05) relative to HIV infection. Conclusion: PACS prevalence in PLWH was 43% occurring at an average time of 4 months at 64% and 70 % at 12 months however non-significant with PACS. Asthenia was significantly associated with PACS at 17.6 % while fatigue at 82%, however not related with PACS event incidence. Americas recorded the highest PACS event rates in PLWH.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0347.v1

Navigating Uncertainty: A Tripartite Creative Knowledge Exchange Among Artists, Researchers, Carers and People with Lived Experience of Dementia, A co‐Created Space for Living Uncertainty

Mar Estarellas Garcia, Tatiana A Giovannucci, Lucy Steggals

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Other Keywords: uncertainty; participatory co‐creation; dementia; lived experience

Online: 4 September 2024 (09:25:39 CEST)

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In a world filled with uncertainties, Ebb&Flow emerged as a story of convergence, intertwining dementia research, caregiving, and artistic exploration into a tripartite creative knowledge exchange. This study delves into the complexities of uncertainty in dementia care and research through a collaborative project involving artists, researchers, carers, and individuals with lived experience of dementia. Initiated by the Trellis:Arbor program, Ebb&Flow sought to co-created a human space addressing the multifaceted nature of uncertainty. The sea, with its unpredictable nature, served as a guiding metaphor for the project, reflecting the unpredictability of dementia and life. Over three months, through paintings, writings, and digital mediums, participants documented the changing emotions, challenges, and discoveries they encountered daily. The project fostered an environment where uncertainties were openly discussed, building supportive and resilient communities through participatory co-creation and methodological exchange. Key activities included a digital logbook, allowing participants to document and share their experiences of uncertainty, and the creation of the Ebb&Flow card deck—a compilation of personal stories and insights that serve as a legacy of shared experiences. Each card facilitated dialogue, understanding, and connection, bridging gaps between those affected by dementia and the broader community. The project culminated in a final exhibition and sharing event, where participants, researchers, and the public celebrated the journey's outcomes through stories and artworks. Throughout this journey, we observed that embracing uncertainty and fostering empathy through creative collaboration profoundly impacted participants, enhancing empathy and resilience. This project underscores the transformative potential of integrating artistic practices with scientific research to address the emotional and psychological burdens of dementia and research environments. Ebb&Flow demonstrates that even in the face of the unknown, a united community can find strength, solace, and understanding, highlighting the power and beauty of unity in exploring and expressing the multifaceted experiences of dementia and life.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0225.v1

Monkeypox (mpox): Clinical Outcomes and Impact of Vaccination in People with and without HIV: A Population-Wide Study

Raquel Martín-Iguacel, Carles Pericas, Andreu Bruguera, Gemma Rosell, Erica Martinez, Yesika Díaz, Lucia Alonso, Daniel Kwakye Nomah, Jose L. Blanco, Pere Domingo, Patricia Álvarez-López, Maria Saumoy, Consuelo Vilades Laborda, Arantxa Mera, Sonia Calzado Isbert, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Jose M Miró, Jordi Casabona, Josep M. Llibre

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: mpox; monkeypox; sexually transmitted infections; HIV; immunosuppression

Online: 6 September 2023 (14:19:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0496.v1

Factors Associated with Treatment Outcomes among Patients Living with HIV and Hypertension Comorbidity in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Monwabisi Faleni, Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda, Ncane Ziphelele, Guillermo Alfredo Pulido Estrada, Teke Apalata, Sibusiso Cyprian Cyprian Nomatshila

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: hypertension, comorbidity, HIV, antiretroviral treatment, treatment outcomes

Online: 28 November 2022 (06:04:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1518.v1

Whole Genome Sequencing of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Lecanicillium lecanii, KMZW-1 and Its Efficacy against Bactrocera dorsalis

Junfu Yu, Mehboob Hussain, Mingqi Wu, Chunlan Shi, Shini Li, Yuanxia Ji, Sikandar Hussain, Deqiang Qin, Chun Xiao, Guoxing Wu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Lecanicillium lecanii; whole genome sequencing; entomopathogenic fungus; Bactrocera dorsalis

Online: 19 July 2024 (02:30:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0898.v1

HIV/AIDS-Associated Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Treating Disadvantaged Communities among Pre-CBDE Dental Students in the U.S.

Aditi Tomar, Hannah Balcezak, Shirley Lewis Miranda, Marie C Latortue, Richa Chinchkhandi, Lisa Wigfall

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HIV/AIDS; community‐based dental education (CBDE); people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)

Online: 14 May 2024 (11:09:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0504.v1

Influence of HIV/AIDS infection on Immunological and Nutritional Status. A Cross Sectional Study in Kingdom of Bahrain

Fatima Alabdulali, Afnan Freije, Mariam Al-Mannai, Jameela Alsalman, Fatima Buabbas, Mariangela Rondanelli, Simone Perna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV/AIDS patients; Nutritional; biochemical; Markers; immunological disease

Online: 8 May 2023 (10:10:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0509.v3

FASD: The Living Experience of People with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder – Results of an Anonymous Survey

Emily Hargrove, C.J. Lutke, Katarina Griffin, Myles Himmelreich, Justin Mitchell, Anique Lutke, Peter Choate

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder; FASD; FASD Living experiences; Anonymous survey; Stigma and FASD; Self-stigma and FASD

Online: 28 March 2024 (08:43:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2163.v1

K103N, V106M and Y188L Significantly Reduce HIV-1 Subtype C Phenotypic Susceptibility to Doravirine

Nikita Reddy, Maria Papathanasopoulos, Kim Steegen, Adriaan Erasmus Basson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: HIV; NNRTI; doravirine; phenotypic; resistance; subtype C

Online: 30 August 2024 (10:48:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0065.v1

Views and Preferences for Nicotine Products as an Alternative to Smoking: A Focus Group Study of People Living with Mental Disorders

Carla Meurk, Pauline Ford, Ratika Sharma, Lisa Fitzgerald, Coral Gartner

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: nicotine products; tobacco harm reduction; people living with mental illness; qualitative research; consumer preferences

Online: 17 October 2016 (10:49:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1742.v1

Exploring the Potential Influence of Human Gut Microbiota on Gut Resistome: A Systematic Review

Justine Fri, Mulalo Raphalalani, Lufuno Grace Mavhandu-Ramarumo, Pascal Obong Bessong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Gut microbiota; Gut resistome; Antibiotic resistance genes; Escherichia coli

Online: 23 July 2024 (07:25:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0052.v1

Access to HIV Care and Resilience in a Long Term Conflict Setting. A Pilot Qualitative Assessment of the Experiences of Living with Diagnosed HIV in Mogadishu, Somali

Asli Kulane, John O. A. Owuor, Douglas Sematimba, Sacdia Abdisamad Abdulahi, Hamdi Moalim Yusuf, Lul M. Mohamed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: Somali; conflict; health system; resilience; fragile; access; government; NGO

Online: 12 June 2017 (06:26:20 CEST)

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Background: Human Immnodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to take a heavy toll on the lives of many people with worst impact on health and wellbeing for the affected individuals in fragile states. The HIV situation in Somalia is not clearly known and experiences of the people living with HIV in this war-torn region unexpressed. This pilot qualitative study sought to explore the experiences of people living with diagnosed HIV in Mogadishu and their resilience in access to care and social support. Method: Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted in Somali in May 2013 among patients who were receiving Antiretroviral therapy (ART) from the HIV clinic in Mogadishu. Participants were recruited through drug dispensers at the HIV clinic in Benader Hospital. These were tape recorded, transcribed and translated for content analysis. Results: Three women and four men who were living with HIV shared the following narratives. Their perception was that they had either got HIV from their spouces or through health care contamination. They were very knowledgable about the realities of HIV, how the medication works, nutritional requirements and drug adherence. They were always willing to go an extra mile to secure a good life for themselves. However the external HIV stigma impacted their access to care. They faced challenges in their homes and at work which compelled them to seek support from non-governmental organisations (NGOs) or close family members. This stigma often affected their disclosure to the wider community due to the uncertainity of the repercussions, leading to a life of extreme loneliness and financial difficulties. The participants’ coping mechansms included living together and starting their own NGO for support with very strong optimism about their prognosis. Conclusions: The people living with diagnosed HIV in Mogadishu are highly knowledgeable about HIV transmission, the realities of living with diagnosed HIV infection and efficacy of HIV treatment. Our small sample suggests adequate access to ART through NGOs. However, widespread HIV stigma limits HIV status disclosure to the families and communities which creates a risk of self isolation and ill health. But affected individuals have developed resilient mechanisms of managing the risks. They strive to remain employed for economic security, adhere to HIV treatment, engage in support groups and maintain utmost optimism about their prognosis.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0337.v1

Thermal Sensation in Older People, with and without Dementia, Living in Residential Care: New Assessment Approaches Using Infrared Thermography

Charmaine Childs, Jennifer Elliott, Khaled Khatab, Susan Hampshaw, Sally Fowler-Davis, Jon R. Willmott, Ali Ali

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: thermal sensation; ageing; infrared thermography; frailty; assessment; comfort; extremities

Online: 15 August 2020 (04:56:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2562.v1

Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Beta Blockers of Different Generations on the Parameters of Myocardial Energy Metabolism in Experimental Doxorubicin-Induced Chronic Heart Failure

Igor Belenichev, Olexiy Goncharov, Nina Bukhtiyarova, Oleh Kuchkovskyi, Victor Ryzhenko, Lyudmyla Makyeyeva, Valentyn Oksenych, Oleksandr Kamyshnyi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: chronic heart failure; beta blockers; energy metabolism; mitochondria; Hypertril

Online: 31 July 2024 (12:36:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0596.v1

Monitoring HIV-1 Assembly in Living Cells: Insight from Dynamic and Single Molecule Microscopy

Kaushik Inamdar, Charlotte Floderer, Cyril Favard, Delphine Muriaux

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV-1 assembly, Gag, single molecule microscopy, dynamics

Online: 26 November 2018 (14:12:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0512.v1

Dazzling Evaluation of High-repetition-rate CO2 Pulsed Laser on Infrared Imaging Systems

Hanyu Zheng, Yunzhe Wang, Yang Liu, Tao Sun, Junfeng Shao

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Laser dazzling; edge extraction; contour curvature; target detection

Online: 8 February 2024 (10:42:38 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Dichotomy in Fatal Outcomes in a Large Cohort of People Living with HTLV-1 in São Paulo, Brazil

Rosa Maria N. Marcusso, Johan Van Weyenbergh, João Victor Luisi de Moura, Flávia Esper Dahy, Tatiane Assone, Michel Y. Jung Haziot, José Ernesto Vidal, Luiz Augusto M. Fonseca, Jerusa Smid, Aline de Moura Brasil Matos, Jorge Casseb, Augusto Penalva Oliveira

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: htlv-1; mortality, ham/tsp; Brazil

Online: 13 November 2019 (10:40:50 CET)

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BACKGROUND: During the natural history, the incidence HTLV-1 related diseases were 0.5% until 10% after decades of infection. Despite relative low lethality, previous study observed that HTLV-1 infection is associated with significantly increased mortality. For example, the incidence of ATLL and HAM/TSP, co-infections with HIV and HCV, parasitic co-infection with Strongyloides stercoralis may increase morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: Determine the mortality rate and its major variables as possible risk factors, analyzing the HTLV Clinic at Emilio Ribas Institute, a continuous open cohort of HTLV patients since 1997. METHODS: This cohort open cohort possesses new patients added at a rate of approximately 50 patients/year. There were 1100 HTLV-infected subjects identified by September 30th 2018. All clinical data including clinical and laboratory data, which have been updated on a regular basis over the last 22 years, were entered into a specific REDCap database. The Ethical Board of the IIER approved the protocol. RESULTS: Along 22 years of clinical care in the HTLV-out clinic, 727 HTLV-1-infected subjects and 248 HAM/TSP cases. Four-hundred sixty-eight patients of whom remaining under active follow up. The mean follow-up time of the cohort was 12 years. Twenty-seven patients died (median age of 51,5 years old). From this total, 13 was asymptomatic carriers and 14 HAM/TSP subjects, 12 of asymptomatic and seven HAM/TSP possess co-infected with HIV or/and HCV. Other seven presented HAM/TSP without co-infection, and all was female, and sepsis was the majority cases the majority of cases of sepsis were related to infection of the urinary tract (p=0.058) and to ulcers of decubitus (p=0.021), and it was associated with risk factors for mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the mortality rate for HAM-TSP patients was six percent. The mean life expectancy in Brazil is about 78 years in 2018, twenty-two years higher than HAM/TSP patients without any other coinfection. This study highlights the possibility of higher death risk among HTLV-1-infected patients and HAM/TSP subjects in Brazil, and identified some risk factors for this outcome. Also, these patients may possess higher risk for morbidity, usually urinary tract infections and decubitus scars, which could increase risk for death.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1943.v1

Antibacterial Properties of Peptide and Protein Fractions from the Cornu aspersum Mucus

Lyudmila Velkova, Aleksandar Dolashki, Ventsislava Petrova, Emiliya Pisareva, Dimitar Kaynarov, Momchil Kermedchiev, Marya Todorova, Pavlina Dolashka

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cornu aspersum mucus; antimicrobial peptides; de novo MS/MS sequencing; proteomic analysis; mucus proteins whit antimicrobial action

Online: 29 April 2024 (16:47:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0082.v1

Challenges of Tuberculosis Screening and Existing Gaps in Contact Investigations in Oyo and Osun States, Nigeria

Aderonke Agbaje, Patrick Dakum, Olugbenga Daniel, Anyaike Chukwuma, Obioma Chijoke-Akaniro, Evaezi Okpokoro, Samuel Akingbesote, Christian Anyomi, Adekola Adekunle, Abiola Alege, Moroof Gbadamosi, Olutunde Babalola, Mensah Charles, Rupert Eneogu, Austin Ihesie, Debby Nongo, Ademola Adelekan

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Tuberculosis; Contact investigation; Challenges; Existing gaps

Online: 1 May 2024 (16:47:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1883.v1

A Non-Surgical Wearable Option for a Bone Conduction Implantable Device: A Comparative Study with Conventional Bone Conduction Hearing Aids

Federica Di Berardino, Giovanni Ciavarro, Giulia Fumagalli, Claudia Albanese, Enrico Pasanisi, Diego Zanetti, Vincenzo Vincenti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Otolaryngology Keywords: Bone Conduction Implantable Device; Bone Conduction Hearing Aids

Online: 27 August 2024 (03:16:55 CEST)

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Objectives. To compare the audiological benefits of a non-implantable wearing option of a bone conduction (BC) implant mounted on an arch (SoundArc) to traditional BC hearing aids (HA) mounted on eyeglasses (BCHA) in patients with moderate to severe conductive or mixed hearing loss. Methods: A preliminary cross-sectional observational prospective cohort study was conducted at a Tertiary Audiological Department, University Hospital. Fourteen adults with conductive or mixed hearing loss (PTA at 0.5-1-2-4 KHz = 67 ± 15 dB HL) had been wearing conventional BCHA on eyeglasses for at least 3 years, and refused the surgical implantation of a BC hearing implant (BCHI). Unaided and aided pure-tone AC and BC thresholds and speech test in quiet and in noise were recorded at baseline and in two different settings: with a BCHI mounted on SoundArc®, and with their own BCHA with two couplers, mounted on eyeglasses. International Inventory for Hearing Aids [IOI – HA], the Hearing Handicap Inventory [HHIA/E], Speech, Spatial, Qualities of Hearing Scale [SSQ], a 10-scores visuo-analogic scale [VAS], and Fatigue impact scale [FIS] score were asked in both conditions. Results: a statistical significative functional gain was observed for both settings. (p=.0001) Better speech perception performances in quiet and in noise were observed with SoundArc compared to their conventional BCHA on eyeglasses (word repetition score in noise improvement of +19.3 at SNR +10 dB, p=.002; + 12.1 at SNR 0 dB, p=.006; and +11.4 at SNR -10 dB, p=.002) No significant differences were found in IOI–HA, FIS, and HHIA/E scores, while significative better SSQ scores in all domains were reported for SoundArc. (p=.0038) Conclusions: Although patients were accustomed to their BCHA on eyeglasses, the non-implanted wearable option of the BCHI proved to be a viable alternative in adult patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss unable to receive or refusing BCHI surgery.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0182.v1

Urinary Incontinence and Its Association with Physical and Psycho-Cognitive Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Older People Living in Nursing Homes

Pau Farrés-Godayol, Javier Jerez-Roig, Eduard Minobes-Molina, Meltem Yildirim, Miriam Molas-Tuneu, Anna Escribà-Salvans, Sandra Rierola-Folchs, Montse Romero-Mas, Miriam Torres-Moreno, Laura Coll-Planas, Joanne Booth, Maria Giné-Garriga

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: older people; nursing home; incontinence; urinary incontinence; pelvic health; sedentary behaviour; physical health; faecal incontinence; low urinary tract symptoms

Online: 12 January 2022 (18:41:11 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0859.v1

Clinical Relevance of Drug Interactions in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy - Update 2022: Systematic Review

Pedro Amariles, Monica Rivera-Cadavid, Mauricio Ceballos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: drug interactions; antiretroviral agents; HIV/AIDS

Online: 12 June 2023 (16:44:26 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1389.v1

Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technologies for People Living in Extreme Poverty: An Unmet Need

Tochukwu Anyaduba, Obiageli Irechukwu, Uchechukwu Anyaduba

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Diagnostics; Lower and Middle-Income Countries; Extreme Poverty; Limited-resource settings; infectious diseases; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Nigeria; Antimicrobial; poverty; paper devices; mobile phone; smartphones; microfluidics; multiplexing; inexpensive diagnostics; medical devices; repairability

Online: 20 June 2023 (05:17:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0966.v1

Category-Based Effect on False Memory of People with Down Syndrome

Ching-Fen Hsu, Qian Jiang, Shi-Yu Rao

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: down syndrome; false memory; concept formation; nouns; verbs

Online: 16 April 2024 (02:21:41 CEST)

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Background: People with Down syndrome (DS) have a trisomy of chromosome 21 and marked deficits in verbal memory but relatively preserved visuospatial perception. Verbal memories are related to semantic knowledge. Little is known about the organization of semantic knowledge in people with DS, which was the aim of this study. Aims: The extent of false memory in people with DS was examined. Possible differences in the number of false memories induced by nominal and verbal themes were examined. Methods and Procedures: In the study phase, ten word lists with semantically related associates were presented. In the recognition phase, participants made judgments on whether each word had been represented previously as semantically related lures, old words, and semantically unrelated new words. Outcomes and Results: Differences in the processing of nominal and verbal theme-related lures were observed among people with DS. When processing nominal theme-related lures, people with DS showed delayed false positives. When processing verbal theme-related lures, people with DS showed no differences compared to controls. Similar patterns have been observed in people with DS when processing nominal theme-related associates and verbal theme-related associates. People with DS have delayed recognition of associates. When processing unrelated words, they showed significantly higher false positives than controls for both nominal and verbal eliciting themes. Further analyses of the themes revealed differences in false positives across syntactic categories among groups. Conclusions and Implications: People with DS showed a delayed recognition of associates and deviance in recognizing unrelated words in the nominal and verbal theme categories. People with DS were delayed in terms of nouns, but deviated with verbs in associated and unrelated words. Additionally, people with DS showed distinct patterns in processing five nominal lures and three verbal lures, suggesting that they formed false memories differently based on distinct syntactic categories. Thus, it was concluded that people with DS develop a deviant semantic structure. Category-based interventions for people with DS should be implemented in order to improve their semantic knowledge through lexical connections.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0850.v1

Green Synthesis of Cobalt-Doped CeFe2O5 Nanocomposites Using Waste Gossypium arboreum L. Stalk and Its Application in the Removal of Toxic Water Pollutants

Saloni Koul, Mamata Singhvi, Beom Soo Kim

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: green synthesis; co-precipitation; adsorption; dye removal; pollutant removal; cotton stalk; wastewater treatment; adsorption capacity

Online: 12 April 2024 (12:22:49 CEST)

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Currently, there is a tenacious need to find new ways to purify water by eliminating bacterial biofilms, textile dyes, and toxic water pollutants. These contaminants pose significant risks to both human health and the environment. To address this issue, in this study, we have developed an eco-friendly approach that involves synthesizing Cobalt-doped Cerium Iron Oxide (CCIO) nanocomposite (NC) using an aqueous extract of Gossypium arboreum L. stalks. The resulting nanoparticles can be used to effectively purify water and tackle the challenges associated with these harmful pollutants. Nanoparticles excel in water pollutant removal by providing high surface area for efficient adsorption, versatile design for simultaneous removal of multiple contaminants, catalytic properties for organic pollutant degradation, and magnetic features for easy separation, offering cost-effective and sustainable water treatment solutions. CCIO nanocomposite has been synthesized by green co-precipitation method due to biomolecules and co-enzymes present in the aqueous extract of Gossypium arboreum L. stalk; a single-step procedure completed in 5 h reaction time. Further, the synthesis of nanocomposites was confirmed by various characterization techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). CCIO NCs were discovered to have a spherical shape and an average size of 40 nm. Based on DLS zeta potential analysis, CCIO NCs were found to be anionic. Also, CCIO NCs showed significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Overall, considering the physical and chemical properties, the application of CCIO NCs in the adsorption of various dyes (~91 %) and water pollutants (chromium = ~ 60 %) has been considered since they exhibit great adsorption capacity owing to their microporous structure which can be a step forward in water purification.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1768.v1

Implementation of Portable Digital Chest X-Ray Machine for Tuberculosis Contact Tracing in Oyo and Osun States, Nigeria: A Formative Assessment

Aderonke Agbaje, Patrick Dakum, Olugbenga Daniel, Anyaike Chukwuma, Obioma Chijoke-Akaniro, Evaezi Okpokoro, Samuel Akingbesote, Christian Anyomi, Adekola Adekunle, Abiola Alege, Moroof Gbadamosi, Olutunde Babalola, Mensah Charles, Rupert Eneogu, Austin Ihesie, Debby Nongo, Ademola Adelekan

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Keywords Tuberculosis; Contact investigations; Portable X-ray machine

Online: 27 May 2024 (14:28:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0909.v1

The Effect of Melasma on the Quality of Life in People with Darker Skin Types Living in Durban, South Africa

Nomakhosi Mpofana, Michael Paulse, Nceba Gqaleni, Mokgadi Ursula Makgobole, Pavitra Pillay, Ahmed Hussein, Ncoza Cordelia Dlova

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Melasma; Pigmentation; Darker skin type; Fitzpatrick skin types IV-VI; Quality of life

Online: 16 October 2023 (05:41:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0453.v1

The Institutionalization of People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Never-Ending Story

Roy McConkey

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Intellectual disability; institutions; ; ; medical model; rights; person-centred; quality of life

Online: 8 May 2024 (10:34:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0775.v1

Kinetic Studies on the Interaction of HIV-1 Gag Protein with the HIV-1 RNA Packaging Signal

Constance Rink, Tomas Kroupa, Siddhartha A.K. Datta, Alan Rein

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV-1; packaging signal; Psi; protein-RNA interactions; binding kinetics

Online: 12 August 2024 (10:45:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0049.v1

A New Input Device for Spastics Based on Strain Gauge

Niels Buchhold, Christian Baumgartner

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: tactile sensors; assistive technologies; power wheelchair; medical systems; robotic; joystick; strain-gauge; spasticity

Online: 14 February 2017 (09:02:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2075.v2

Innovative Solution or Cause for Concern? The Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors in People Not Living with Diabetes: A Narrative Review.

Zhanna Oganesova, John Pemberton, Adrian Brown

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Continuous Glucose Monitor; People not living with diabetes; Regulations

Online: 1 February 2024 (08:32:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0435.v1

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 and Its Associated Factors Among People Living in Abha City, Saudi Arabia

Ebtehal Jaber Asiri, Adam Dawria, Bayapa Reddy Narapureddy, Lingala Kalyan Viswanath Reddy, Yousef Zahrani, Bharat Kumar Mamilla Mugaiahgari, Ali Mohieldin, Mohammad Suhail Khan, Khursheed Muzammil, Abdelrhman Ahmed Galaleldin Altijani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: COVID-19; Mental Health problems; DASS-21 scale; Depression; Anxiety

Online: 6 June 2023 (09:59:06 CEST)

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Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets from an infected person and contact with tainted surfaces or items. Social distancing became the primary measure of preventing the spread of COVID-19, with the principal aim being to reduce the probability of contact with an already infected person. Social distancing can be distressing, as it is against the community's way of life. Saudi Arabia imposed a curfew and suspended all religious, entertainment, sporting, and mass congregations. The daily updates on COVID-19 infection and mortality are upsetting and further, aggravate depression and anxiety. With this background, this study was planned with the following objectives. To determine the sociodemographic profile of the study participants, to find the prevalence of psychological morbidity, and to measure the association between the sociodemographic details, COVID-19 associated factors, and psychological effects among Abha citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in the Abha city population from August 2021 to July 22. This study followed snowball sampling, the data was collected using an online Google form the link was shared in WhatsApp groups and through emails to contacts, asking friends to share it with their friends, until reaching the adequate sample size the responses were accepted. Results: A total of 530 participated, and their age ranged from 19 -70 years. Many of the participants (34.5%, n=183) belonged to 36-45 years old. Most of the responders were 69.8% married and Females (69.2%, n=367). Half of the participants had been quarantined (49.6%), and 51.5% were scared from fear of COVID-19. 64.8% of the participants had depression; 14.2%, 20.8%, 13.6%, and 16.2% had mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe depression, respectively. Around 58.2% of participants suffered from anxiety; 5.8% experienced mild anxiety, 21.7% moderate anxiety, and 30.7% severe anxiety. The proportion of stress among the participants was 45.0%; 10.8% had mild stress, 9.4% had moderate stress, and 24.5% had severe to extremely severe stress. Conclusions: COVID-19 poses mental health problems among individuals and communities. There is a need to find the more susceptible individuals for mental health issues or other psychological disorders. Mental health and psychological problems can be resolved with health education, counseling, and appropriate interventions to curb the negative health impacts of COVID-19.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0423.v1

Social and Emotional Loneliness among Older People Living in Nursing Homes in Spain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Miriam Molas-Tuneu, Javier Jerez-Roig, Eduard Minobes-Molina, Laura Coll-Planas, Anna Escribà-Salvans, Pau Farrés-Godayol, Meltem Yildirim, Sandra Rierola-Fochs, Ester Goutan-Roura, Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza, Dawn A. Skelton, Jordi Naudó-Molist

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: emotional loneliness; social loneliness; nursing homes; older adults; social isolation

Online: 27 January 2022 (13:25:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0517.v1

Hypoxia Pathways in Parkinson’s Disease: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Targets

Yuanyuan Gao, Jiarui Zhang, Tuoxian Tang, Zhenjiang Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Parkinson’ s disease; hypoxia; hypoxia pathways; neurodegenerative diseases; transmembrane protein 175; DJ-1; LRRK2

Online: 6 September 2024 (13:00:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1362.v1

Hereditary Hemochromatosis – How Not to Overlook and Properly Manage “Iron People”- a Critical Overview

Agnieszka Szczerbinska, Beata Kasztelan-Szczerbinska, Anna Rycyk-Bojarzynska, Halina Cichoz-Lach

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: hereditary hemochromatosis; iron overload; HFE gene mutation; non-HFE gene mutation; phlebotomy

Online: 25 February 2024 (23:35:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2209.v1

The Impact of the Information Use Environments (IUEs) and Information Behavior of People Living with Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) on Participatory Diagnosis and Treatment Programming

Uriel Uzochukwu Onye

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs); Diseases of poverty; Information use environments (IUEs); Information behavior; Information in-context

Online: 29 July 2024 (11:10:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1640.v1

Bonding Effectiveness of Zirconia to Veneering Ceramic after Different Sandblasting Treatments

Francesca Zicari, Carlo Monaco, Marcio Vivan Cordoso, Davide Silvestri, Bart Van Meerbeek

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Zirconia, Veneering ceramic, Surface treatments, Sandblasting, Surface roughness, Microtensile bond-strength.

Online: 24 May 2024 (11:19:47 CEST)

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Objective: To determine the effect of sandblasting before and after sintering on the surface roughness of zirconia and the micro-tensile bond strength of a pressable veneering ceramic to zirconia. Methods: Pre-sintered zirconia blocks (IPS e.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) were divided into a control group (CTR, no surface treatment) and four test groups of three specimens each: Pre-S-30, Pre-S-50, Pre-S-110 were sandblasted with 30µm SiO2, 50µm Al2O3 and 110µm Al2O3 particles respectively, before sintering, Post-S-30 was sandblasted with 30µm SiO2 after sintering. For each treatment, the surface roughness was measured (Ra, Perthometer M4P, Mahr Perthen). After sintering the zirconia blocks, a liner and a pressable ceramic (IPS e.max ZirPress, Ivoclar Vivadent) were fired. Sixteen micro-bars were obtained from each block and submitted to the micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) test. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Any correlation between Ra and µTBS was evaluated (Sperman test). Results: Sandblasting before sintering with 110µm Al2O3 (Ra=3.44±0.44µm), 50µm Al2O3 (Ra=2.32±0.46µm), and 30µm SiO2 (Ra=1.22±0.22µm) resulted in significantly higher roughness than sandblasting after sintering with 30µm SiO2 (Ra=0.46±0.11µm). The highest µTBS was measured when the sintered zirconia was sandblasted with 30μm SiO2 (26.79±14.80 MPa), which was significantly different from that of specimens that were sandblasted before sintering (Pre-S-30=20.90±11.70; Pre-S-50=21.27±15.19; Pre-S-110=23.99±16.83) or were not treated (CTR=17.44±14.03). Conclusions: Sandblasting zirconia before sintering enhances the surface roughness proportionally to the particle size of the sand used. Sandblasting with 30µm SiO2 after sintering appeared to improve bonding between the veneering ceramic and zirconia. Clinical Significance: Sandblasting with 30µm SiO2 after sintering may improve bonding between veneering ceramics and zirconia, thus reducing ceramic fractures/chippings.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0215.v1

Successful Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Treatment in a Newly Diagnosed HIV Positive and Acquired Immune Defi-Ciency Syndrome (Aids) Patient with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Ards) Complicated by Pneumocystis and Cytomeg-Alovirus Pneumo

Jin Kook Kang, Matthew Acton, Bo Soo Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: VV-ECMO; ARDS; HIV; AIDS; PJP; CMV; ART

Online: 5 August 2024 (09:31:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1359.v1

Anti-Herpetic Activity of Killer Peptide (KP): An In Vitro Study

Arianna Sala, Francesco Ricchi, Laura Giovati, Stefania Conti, Tecla Ciociola, Claudio Cermelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides; HSV-1; HSV-2; antivirals; Killer Peptide (KP)

Online: 19 September 2024 (08:45:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0722.v1

Feasibility of a Multicomponent Training for People with Moderate to Severe Dementia Living in a Long-Term Care Home – Social Ethical Approach

Adele Kruse, Thomas Cordes, Steffen Schulz, Bettina Wollesen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Dementia; multicomponent training; long-term care home; social ethical approach

Online: 31 May 2021 (09:45:37 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1587.v1

Effect of Substrate Temperature on Weld Track Geometry in Directed Energy Deposition: A Comprehensive Investigation and Regression Modeling of processing 316L

Stefan Gnaase, Artur Walter, Robin Rohling, Thoas Tröster

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: additive manufacturing; direct energy deposition; laser metal deposition; DED; LMD; 316L; 1.4404

Online: 25 April 2024 (02:35:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1029.v4

Intrinsic Disorder and Other Malleable Arsenals of Evolved Protein Multi-functionality

Asifa Aftab, Anirneya Basu, Seema Nath, Sankar Basu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: Protein multi-functionality; Intrinsically Disordered Proteins; Gene duplication; Domain Shuffling; Protein moonlighting

Online: 18 March 2024 (08:36:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0208.v1

Beyond the Disease: Contextualized Implications of COVID-19 for Children and Young People Living in Eastern and Southern Africa

Kaymarlin Govender, Richard G. Cowden, Patrick Nyamaruze, Russell Armstrong, Luann Hatane

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: children; young people; COVID-19; Eastern and Southern Africa; health systems

Online: 17 June 2020 (07:58:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1868.v1

“I was very shocked, I wanted it to be over”: A Qualitative Exploration of Suicidal Ideation and Attempts among Women Living with HIV in Indonesia

Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Gregorius Abanit Asa, Caitlan McLean, Paul Russell Ward

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Suicidal ideation and attempt, risk factors, women, HIV, Indonesia

Online: 30 October 2023 (09:40:42 CET)

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HIV diagnosis and poor HIV management have various detrimental impacts on the lives of people living with HIV (PLHIV). As part of a large qualitative study investigating HIV risk factors and impacts, with the suicide topic not being a focus, this paper describes factors contributing to suicidal ideation and attempts that arose naturally in the stories of women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Yogyakarta and Belu districts, Indonesia. The participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. Guided by a qualitative data analysis framework, the data were thematically analysed. Findings indicated participants experienced immense psychological challenges due to the infection, spousal transmission, fear of mother-to-child transmission, and losing a child due to AIDS, which triggered suicidal ideation and attempts. The women’s lack of awareness of HIV management strategies resulted in them feeling trapped and overwhelmed. Associated negative thoughts and the anticipation and experience of stigma relating to their HIV status were influencing factors for thoughts of suicide among participants. Lack of social support from family and friends during the early stage of HIV diagnosis, compounded with pre-existing financial difficulties, lack of income, unemployment, and feeling overburdened, also triggered the women’s thoughts of suicide. Other influencing factors for suicidal ideation and attempts among the women were family breakdown following HIV diagnosis and this was reflected in family disputes, husband-wife separation or divorce, mother-child separation by other family members, reported concern about future relationships, and fear of being rejected or abandoned by their partner due to their HIV positive status. The findings indicate the need for a nuanced approach to counselling within HIV care interventions for couples to support the acceptance of each other’s HIV status whilst maintaining psychological wellbeing. Additionally, the findings indicate the importance of HIV education and awareness among community members for the de-stigmatisation of HIV and to increase the acceptance of PLHIV within families and communities.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0750.v1

High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Drug Resistance Mutations to Lamivudine Among People with HIV/HBV Coinfection in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana

Bonolo B. Phinius, Motswedi Anderson, Irene Gobe, Margaret Mokomane, Wonderful T. Choga, Margaret Mokomane, Wonderful T. Choga, Gorata Mpebe, Joseph Makhema, Roger Shapiro, Shahin Lockman, Rosemary Musonda, Sikhulile Moyo, Simani Gaseitsiwe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Hepatitis B virus; drug resistance; people living with HIV; Botswana; Africa

Online: 13 March 2024 (11:38:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1478.v3

Future Perspectives on the Application of the Oxford Nanopore^® MinION^™ Sequencer in Cultural Heritage Biodeterioration Studies

João Trovão, Fabiana Soares

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: microbiome; MinION^™ ; biodeterioration; -omics; next-generation-sequencing; cultural heritage

Online: 3 September 2024 (09:36:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0142.v1

Gait-and-Balance Assessments with Augmented-Reality Glasses in People with Parkinson’s Disease: Concurrent Validity and Test-Retest Reliability

Jara S. van Bergem, Pieter F. van Doorn, Eva M. Hoogendoorn, Daphne J. Geerse, Melvyn Roerdink

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: augmented reality; Parkinson’ s disease; gait-and-balance tests; concurrent validity; test-retest reliability

Online: 2 July 2024 (13:36:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1615.v1

Effectiveness of Hepatitis C Virus Self-Testing Service Delivery Models among People Who Inject Drugs: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam

Bao Ngoc Vu, Kimberly Elizabeth Green, Minh Hung Tran, Huong Mai Nguyen, Kim Tuan Do, Khoa Trong Nguyen, Huong Thi Thu Phan, Lien Thi Huong Tran, An Khanh Tran, Giang Thu Le, Chau Van Pham, Krista Granger, An Le Thanh Nguyen, Long Khanh Tran

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: HCV self-testing; people who inject drugs; effectiveness; service delivery; Vietnam

Online: 19 July 2024 (15:19:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0027.v1

Impaired Adipose Tissue Expansion Caused by LXR Activation is Associated with Insulin Resistance in HFD Mice

Yueting Dong, Zhiye Xu, Ziyi Zhang, Xueyao Yin, Xihua Lin, Qianqian Pan, Hong Li, Fenping Zheng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Liver X receptor (LXR); Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ); Adipose expansion; Insulin resistance

Online: 10 October 2016 (07:56:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0343.v1

Porous Silica Nanomaterials as Carriers of Biologically Active Natural Polyphenols: Effect of Structure and Surface Modification

Ivalina Trendafilova, Margarita Popova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: porous silica; drug delivery; surface modification; natural bioactive compounds; polyphenols

Online: 4 July 2024 (02:58:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1250.v1

Sustainable Continuous Cover Forestry Dynamics, Optimal Decisions, and Empirical Estimations

Peter Lohmander

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: sustainable forestry; sustainability; continuous cover forestry; size distribution; forest dynamics; optimization; estimation

Online: 21 February 2024 (23:41:55 CET)

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Sustainable continuous cover forestry is defined and analyzed in several ways. The differential equation representing growth of the basal areas of individual trees, motivated by fundamental biological production theory by Lohmander (2017a), is analyzed and extended in different directions. From the solution of the differential equation, the basal area and the tree diameter are obtained as explicit functions of time. The diameter is a strictly increasing function of time. In the absence of competitors, the diameter increment is shown to be a strictly decreasing function of time. Hence, the diameter increment can also be interpreted as a strictly decreasing function of the diameter. Alternative forms of adjustment of the differential equation, with consideration of competition, are defined. If the competition is strong, with large trees in the vicinity of a particular tree, then the basal area increment, and the diameter increment, are reduced. The growth of a large tree is less sensitive than the growth of a small tree, to competition from other trees. Under strong competition, the basal area increment, and the diameter increment, are strictly concave functions of the size of the tree. The unique maximum of the diameter increment occurs at a higher diameter, if the competition increases. In dynamic equilibrium, the tree size frequency distribution is stationary. If natural tree mortality can be avoided via the harvest strategy, the tree size frequency distribution is a function of the size and competition dependent growth function, and the harvest strategy. Empirical tree size frequency data are used to simultaneously estimate parameters of a size and competition dependent growth function and the applied harvest strategy, via nonlinear optimization. The properties of the estimated growth function are consistent with the corresponding properties of the production theoretically motivated hypothetical function, and the properties of the estimated harvest strategy confirm the corresponding hypotheses. The R2 of the nonlinear regression exceeds 0.97. With access to an empirically estimated equilibrium tree size distribution, it is possible to: 1. Estimate size frequency relevant parameters of tree size and competition dependent growth functions for individual trees. 2. Estimate the applied harvest strategy. 3. Explain and reproduce the empirically estimated tree size equilibrium distribution.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0983.v1

Synthesis and Biological Activities of Some Metal Complexes of Peptides: A Review

Petja Emilova Marinova, Kristina Dimova Tamahkyarova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: peptides; metal complexes; biological activities

Online: 19 February 2024 (11:19:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1061.v1

A qualitative exploration of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender-based violence against women living with HIV or tuberculosis in Timor Leste

Nelson Martins, Domingos Soares, Caetano Gusmao, Maria Nunes, Laura Abrantes, Diana Valadares, Suzi Marcal, Marcelo Mali, Luis Alves, Jorge Martins, Valente da Silva, Paul Russell Ward, Nelsensius Klau Fauk

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Gender-based violence, women living with HIV and TB, COVID-19 pandemic, Timor Leste

Online: 14 December 2023 (09:03:38 CET)

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Violence against women or gender-based violence (GBV) is a major public health issue facing women and girls in different settings and is reported to have worsened globally during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on increased violence against women in general, which has been reported in many settings globally, there is a paucity of evidence of its impact on violence against highly vulnerable women living with HIV or tuberculosis (TB). Using a qualitative design, this study aimed to explore the views and experiences of women living with HIV (n=19) or TB (n=23) in Timor Leste regarding the GBV they faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. They were recruited using the snowballing sampling technique. Data were collected using one-on-one in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The five steps of qualitative data analysis suggested in Ritchie and Spencer’s analysis framework were employed to guide the analysis of the findings. Findings indicated that women in this study experienced intensified physical, verbal, sexual and psychological violence by their partners, spouses, in-laws, and parents or other family members during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several prominent risk factors that worsened violence against women during the pandemic were (i) HIV or TB-positive status, (ii) traditional gender roles or responsibilities and expectations, (iii) economic and financial difficulties reflected in the loss of jobs and incomes due to the pandemic, and (iv) individual factors such as jealousy and increased alcohol drinking developed during the lockdowns. The findings underscore the urgent need for multifaceted interventions to address GBV, which should encompass challenging traditional gender norms, addressing economic inequalities, and targeting individual-level risk factors. The findings also indicate the need for the development of robust monitoring and evaluation systems to assess the effectiveness of policies and interventions addressing GBV where the results can inform future improvement. The findings also indicate the need to include GBV in the protocol or guidelines for HIV and TB management. Future large-scale quantitative studies to capture the magnitude and specific drivers of GBV against women living with HIV and TB during the pandemic are recommended.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0113.v1

Exploring the Nexus between Dental Stem Cells and Maternal Oral Health during Pregnancy: What We Know and What We Don't

Aida Meto, Ana Sula, Samuele Peppoloni, Agron Meto, Elisabetta Blasi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Dental stem cells; maternal oral health; pregnancy; oral microbiota; regenerative potential; hormonal changes; preventive strategies

Online: 4 March 2024 (05:59:37 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0838.v1

Intentional and Undesirable Effects Related to the Interaction of Electromagnetic Fields with Major Living Tissues

Adel Razek

Subject: Physical Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: electromagnetic field; living tissues; thermal effects; blood and sap; bio-heat; mathematical models

Online: 14 March 2024 (10:10:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0036.v1

Managing Protected Areas in a Changing World: New Insights and Opportunities

A. Z. M. Manzoor Rashid, Sharif Ahmed Mukul

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: conservation; governance; habitat loss; livelihood; eco-tourism; carbon credits

Online: 7 December 2016 (11:13:38 CET)

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