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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0170.v1

In Their Own Words: The Health and Sexuality of Immigrant Women with Infibulation Living in Switzerland

Michela Villani, Judith, Louise Griffin, Patrick Bodenmann

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: migration; female genital mutilation; sexual health; reproductive health; communication

Online: 18 August 2016 (05:30:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0296.v1

Linking Synthetic Populations to Household Geolocations: A Demonstration in Namibia

Dana R. Thomson, Lieke Kools, Warren C. Jochem

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: simulation; census; simpop; LMIC

Online: 19 June 2018 (11:13:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0107.v1

Getting Hold of the Tobamovirus Particle – Why and How? Purification Routes over Time and a New Customizable Approach

Tim Wendlandt, Beate Britz, Tatjana Kleinow, Katharina Hipp, Fabian J. Eber, Christina Wege

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: tobacco mosaic virus (TMV); turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV); plant virus; history; purification; isolation; precipitation; ultracentrifugation; density gradients; iodixanol

Online: 1 April 2024 (14:56:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0716.v1

In Silico and In Vitro Studies of Terpenes from the Fabaceae Family Using the Phenotypic Screening Model against the SARS-CoV-2 Virus

Natália Ferreira de Sousa, Gabrielly Diniz Duarte, Carolina Borsoi Moraes, Cecília Gomes Barbosa, Holli-Joi Martin, Nail N. Muratov, Yuri Mangueira do Nascimento, Luciana Scotti, Lúcio Holanda Gondim de Freitas-Júnior, José Maria Barbosa Filho, Marcus Tullius Scotti

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Virtual Screening; SARS-CoV-2; Natural products; Phenotypic screening; Fabaceae family

Online: 11 June 2024 (18:23:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1992.v1

N-Terminal Sequences of Signal Peptides Assuming Critical Roles in Expression of Heterologous Proteins in Bacillus subtilis

Meijuan Zhang, Jie Zhen, Jia Teng, Xingya Zhao, Xiaoping Fu, Hui Song, Yeni Zhang, Hongchen Zheng, Wenqin Bai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: signal peptide; secretion; transcription; extracellular expression; N-terminal amino acids sequence; alkaline pectinase

Online: 30 April 2024 (10:18:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0837.v1

BacSPaD: A Robust Bacterial Strains’ Pathogenicity Resource Based on Integrated and Curated Genomic Metadata

Sara Ribeiro, Guillaume Chaumet, Karine Alves, Julien Nourikyan, Lei Shi, Jean-Pierre Lavergne, Ivan Mijakovic, Simon de Bernard, Laurent Buffat

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Bacterial pathogenicity; Genomic metadata analysis; Bioinformatics; Microbiology research; Public health surveillance

Online: 11 July 2024 (00:01:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1468.v1

A New AI Dialogue Framework with ChatGPT: Exploring Synthetic Man within the Context of Synthetic Biology

Alexandru Tugui, Denisa-Oana Zelinschi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Artificial Man; Humanoid Robot; Artificial Society; Synthetic biology; LLM Dialog Framework

Online: 23 April 2024 (13:16:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1054.v1

Expedient Syntheses of Alkyl and Aryl Thioethers using Xanthates as Thiol-Free Reagents

Jinli Nie, Ziqing He, Sijie Xie, Yibiao Li, Runfa He, Lu Chen, Xiai Luo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: Thioethers; xanthate; sulfidation; odorless

Online: 15 May 2024 (16:23:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0158.v1

Atom Exchange Radical Cyclization: A Sustainable Synthetic Approach Towards New Functionalized Targets

Biagio Anderlini, Andrea Severini, Camilla Ferrari, Claudio Fontanesi, Vittorio Ascari, Niccolò Braidi, Fabrizio Roncaglia

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: atom transfer radical cyclization; transition metal catalysis; &gamma; -lactams; halocompounds

Online: 3 May 2024 (07:11:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1943.v2

Obesity Control and Supplementary Nutraceuticals as Co-Factors of Brain Plasticity in Multiple Sclerosis Populations

Lorena Ciumarnean, Oliviu Florențiu Sârb, Nicu Catalin Draghici, Octavia Salagean, Mircea Vasile Milaciu, Olga Hilda Orasan, Calin Vasile Vlad, Irina Maria Vlad, Teodora Alexescu, Ioana Para, Simina Tarmure, Elisabeta Ioana Hiriscau, Gabriela Bombonica Dogaru

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: multiple sclerosis; neurodegeneration; neurorehabilitation; nutraceuticals; obesity

Online: 9 September 2024 (04:39:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1128.v1

Genetic Factors Contributing to the Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension in Two African Populations

Kusha Kalideen, Brian Rayner, Raj Ramesar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: essential hypertension; South Africa; Mixed Ancestry; Xhosa; RAAS; AGTR1; AGT; ACE; CYP11B2

Online: 20 February 2024 (09:20:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0161.v1

Mitochondrial Control Region Database in Hungarian Fallow Deer (Dama dama) Populations for Forensic Use

Orsolya K. Zorkóczy, Zsombor Wagenhoffer, Pál Lehotzky, Zsolt Pádár, Petra Zenke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: wildlife crime; forensic genetics; mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA); control region (CR); fallow deer (Dama dama); random match probability; population study

Online: 4 June 2024 (10:56:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0231.v2

Biological Effect of Amoeba Populations under the Influence of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation from Cell Phones

Ludmila A. Morozova, Savel'ev Sergey

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: cell phone; electromagnetic field; population of protozoan microorganisms; resistance of the aquatic environment

Online: 11 April 2024 (13:22:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0241.v1

Ecology of the Tibetan Antelope (Panthalops Hodgsonii) and Sympatric Ungulate Populations in a Cold Himalayan Desert

Khursheed Ahmad, Parag Nigam, Intesar Suhail

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Tibetan Antelope or Chiru; Sympatric ungulates; Habitat partitioning; Inter-specific Interaction; Population ecology; resource competition; Cold Arid Environment; Conservation management

Online: 5 August 2024 (08:22:05 CEST)

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Sympatric mountain ungulates experience population fluctuations due to intra and inter-specific competition and climate variations. In this comprehensive three-year study (2012-2015), we investigated the population dynamics, spatial distribution, and habitat use of Tibetan Antelope (Chiru) (Panthalops hodgsonii) in relation to four other sympatric ungulates (Argali Ovis ammon, Wild Yak Bos mutus, Tibetan Wild Ass Equus kiang, and Greater Bharal Pseudois nayaur) in the cold arid Changchenmo Valley of Ladakh, India. We conducted 162 intensive surveys covering 918.60 km, we recorded 215 animal sightings, encompassing 1670 Chiru individuals, exclusively males. Chiru exhibited encounter rate of 1.19±1.17 S.D individuals/km walked and 1.53±1.37 S.D. individuals/hr and a typical group sizes of 13.69. Our findings suggest spatio-temporal resource partitioning through habitat selection which favour species coexistence under harsh climatic conditions. While resource sharing occurred during summer, competition was observed during peak winters and springs. Noteworthy in our study was the coexistence of Chiru and Tibetan Wild Ass in shared habitats, indicating facilitation rather than interspecific competition. However, significant habitat segregation was observed between Chiru and other ungulates, highlighting distinct ecological preferences. The study reports a stable Chiru population and reveals a novel phenomenon of some individuals remaining in the area during winters, a behavior not previously documented. The overlap of all species in limited winter habitats poses a potential threat to Chiru survival. Additional threats include climate change, infrastructure development, armed conflict, and livestock competition. Special management efforts, including awareness programs for armed forces and stringent development regulations, are crucial. Our findings provide critical insights into complex species interactions and habitat preferences, forming an essential foundation for the conservation and management of Chiru and other Tibetan ungulates in the Trans-Himalayan landscapes affected by climate change.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1767.v1

Selective Recognition of Synthetic Stimulants via a Thio-phene-Derived Polymeric Layer on Graphite Electrodes

Tatiana V. Shishkanova, Natalie Štěpánková, Gabriela Broncová, Martin Vrňata

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electrochemistry Keywords: thiophene-derivative; electrochemical polymerization; new psychoactive substances

Online: 28 April 2024 (03:07:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1892.v1

Factors Contributing to Alzheimer's Disease in Older Adult Populations: A Narrative Review

Jalal Uddin, Tazveen Fariha, Shahida Sultana Shumi, Farhana Khandoker

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; older adults; risk factors; genetics factors; environmental factors; lifestyle factors

Online: 26 June 2024 (15:01:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1691.v1

The Major Role of T Regulatory Cells in Efficiency of Vaccination in General and Immunocompromised Populations: A Review

Stanislaw Stepkowski, Dulat Bekbolsynov, Jared Oenick, Surina Brar, Beata Mierzejewska

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: vaccines; T cells; T regulatory cells; immunocompromised; vaccine efficacy

Online: 22 July 2024 (08:24:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1776.v1

Modelling the Herbicide-Resistance Evolution in Lolium rigidum (Gaud.) Populations at the Landscape Scale

Lucia Gonzalez-Diaz, Irene Gonzalez-Garcia, Jose L. Gonzalez-Andujar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: explicit genotype mode; dispersal vectors; gene flow; population dynamics; operational factors; spatially explicit model

Online: 23 July 2024 (10:02:53 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Flavivirus Persistence in Wildlife Populations

Maria Raisa Blahove, James Richard Carter

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: viral persistence; flaviviruses; mosquito; tick; autophagy; interferon; wildlife; infection; arbovirus

Online: 12 August 2021 (18:28:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1084.v1

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Piotr Szymczyk, Małgorzata Majewska

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: plant synthetic promoter; enhancer; cis-element; trans-factor; orthogonal systems; bidirectional promoters; machine learning; deep learning

Online: 17 April 2024 (07:26:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0234.v1

Green Catalysts: Applied and Synthetic Photosynthesis

Alexandra H. Teodor, Benjamin D. Sherman, Zeah Yvette Ison, Eu-Jee Ooi, Jesse J. Bergkamp, Barry D. Bruce

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: Photosynthesis; Photoelectrochemical Devices; Biohybrid; Synthetic Biology; Photochemistry; Photoelectrochemistry; Hydrogen Evolution

Online: 10 August 2020 (04:20:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0257.v1

LightGBM and SVM algorithms for Predicting Synthetic Load Profiles Using a Non-Intrusive Approach

Khumbulani Mpofu, Olukorede Tijani Adenuga, Olawale M Popoola, And Abel Mathebula

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: Light Gradient Boosted; Machine learning; Non-Intrusive Approach; electric load forecasting; Support Vector Machine; Synthetic Load Profile.

Online: 3 August 2023 (10:37:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0432.v1

Inclusion of Underrepresented Populations in Cardiovascular Genetics and Epidemiology

Elias Chappell, Laura Arbour, Zachary Laksman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Cardiovascular Epidemiology; Cardiogenetics; Underrepresented Populations; Diversity; Genetics; Genomics

Online: 5 January 2024 (02:10:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0346.v1

Artificial Populations in Agent-Based Modeling

Oksana Glushchenko, Aleksander Manolov, Ivan Kozlov, Vera Tsurkis, Irina Maslova, Nikolay Popov, Andrey Samoilov, Alexandr Lukashev, Elena Ilina

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: agen based modeling; COVID-19; digital epidemiology

Online: 6 December 2023 (12:34:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0564.v1

Artificial Intelligence and Pediatrics: Synthetic Knowledge Synthesis

Jernej Završnik, Peter Kokol, Bojan Žlahtič, Helena Blažun Vošner

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: pediatrics; artificial intelligence; synthetic knowledge synthesis; bibliometrics; machine learning

Online: 8 January 2024 (06:55:00 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1707.v1

Synthetic Mueller imaging polarimetry

José J. Gil, Ignacio San José

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: Mueller matrices; polarimetry; Imaging polarimetry; Mueller polarimetry

Online: 25 July 2023 (11:50:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1231.v1

The L1014F Knockdown Resistance Mutation Is Not a Strong Correlate of Phenotypic Resistance to Pyrethroids in Florida Populations of Culex quinquefasciatus

Alden S Estep, Neil D Sanscrainte, Jason Stuck, Isik Unlu, Agne Prasauskas, Stephanie J Mundis, Nicholas Cotter, Ana L Romero-Weaver, Troy J Fedirko, Natalie L Kendziorski, Kyle J Kosinski, Daviela Ramirez, Eva A Buckner

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus; insecticide resistance; knockdown resistance (kdr); CDC bottle bioassay; Florida

Online: 23 February 2024 (06:26:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1743.v1

A Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Approach to Assess Usefulness of Reviews by considering Bias Inherited in Sentiments and Articulacy

Dimitrios K. Kardaras, Christos Troussas, Stavroula G. Barbounaki, Panagiota Tselenti, Konstantinos Armyras

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: Fuzzy Logic; Sentiment Analysis; Reviews Usefulness; Bias; Cultural Differences; Tourism; Tripadvisor

Online: 29 February 2024 (14:47:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1419.v1

Use of Stable Isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) to Infer Post-breeding Dispersal Strategies in Iberian Populations of the Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus)

Andrea Gestoso, María Vidal, Jesús Domínguez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Available habitat; Kentish plover; post-breeding dispersal; stable isotopes

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:47:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0491.v1

Repurposing of Synthetic Acetaminophen Derivatives Containing Benzothiazole Scaffold as Alternative Therapy for Infectious Diarrhea Caused by Drug-Resistant Shigella Species

Boniface Pone Kamdem, Brice rostan Pinlap, Bijou-Lafortune Noumboue Kouamou, Aubin Youbi Kamche, Boris Arnaud Kuate, Joseph Tsemeugne, Orleans Ngomo, Pierre Mkounga, Fabrice Fekam Boyom

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Acetaminophen; Benzothiazoles; Azo dyes; Shigella flexneri; Anti-Shigella activity; Repositioning; Combination studies; Diarrhea.

Online: 8 May 2024 (11:33:24 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Sequencing Enabling Design and Learning in Synthetic Biology

Pierre-Aurelien Gilliot, Thomas E. Gorochowski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: sequencing; omics; synthetic biology; systems biology; machine learning; biological design

Online: 23 April 2020 (03:47:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0432.v1

Synthetic and Marine-Derived Porous Bone Graft Substitutes

Ana Neto, José Maria Ferreira

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Bone tissue engineering; biomaterials; bone scaffolds; additive manufacturing techniques/robocasting; marine-derived biomaterials

Online: 26 June 2018 (16:05:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0090.v1

Design and Imaging of Ground-Based Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Synthetic Aperture Radar (MIMO SAR) with Non-Collinear Arrays

Cheng Hu, Jingyang Wang, Weiming Tian, Tao Zeng, Rui Wang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: MIMO radar; MIMO imaging; Near-field imaging; Height difference between T/R arrays; Grating lobes

Online: 15 March 2017 (00:48:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1177.v1

A New Approach to Achieving Implant Stability with Flexible Synthetic Polymer Bone Graft: An In Vitro Study

Zeynep Dilan Orhan, Levent Ciğerim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: bone model; dental implant; implant stability; bone graft; flexible bone graft

Online: 20 March 2024 (13:01:02 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1896.v1

Open Problems in Synthetic Multicellularity

Ricard Sole, Nuria Conde, Jordi Pla Mauri, Jordi Garcia Ojalvo, Nuria Montserrat, Michael Levin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Synthetic Biology; multicellularity; collective computation; regeneration; self-organization; biobots

Online: 24 July 2024 (10:43:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1221.v1

Towards Synthetic, Physical Fingerprint Targets

Laurenz Ruzicka, Bernhard Strobl, Stephan Bergmann, Gerd Nolden, Tom Michalsky, Christoph Domscheit, Jannis Priesnitz, Florian Blümel, Bernhard Kohn, Clemens Heitzinger

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: Biometric; Fingerprint; Sensor; Synthetic; Phantom; Standardization; Validation

Online: 20 March 2024 (11:48:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0086.v1

Ecological Firewalls for Synthetic Biology

Blai Vidiella, Ricard Sole

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: ecological firewalls; synthetic microbiomes; mutualism; cooperation

Online: 4 March 2022 (21:50:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0303.v1

Synthetic Criticality in Cellular Brains

Ricard Sole, Nuria Conde, Antoni Guillamon, Victor Maull, Jordi Pla, Josep Sardanyes, Blai Vidiella

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: criticality; evolution; brains; behavior; cells; gene networks

Online: 21 October 2021 (09:47:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0911.v1

Current Scenario of Indole Marine-Derivatives: Synthetic Approaches and Therapeutic Applications

Sergio Fernández, Virginia Arnáiz, Daniel Rufo Pérez, Yolanda Arroyo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: indole alkaloids; marine resources; biological activity; therapeutic application; synthetic strategies

Online: 16 February 2024 (14:17:18 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1619.v1

A Rare Onset of T Lymphoid Blast Crisis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with Two Distinct Blast Populations

Alessandra Mongia, Francesca Romano, Sara Ciullini Mannurita, Benedetta Peruzzi, Sara Bencini, Daniela Parrini, Laura Fasano, Alessandra Fanelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: chronic myeloid leukemia; T lymphoid blastic crisis

Online: 27 March 2024 (06:21:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0445.v1

Internet of Things and Bigdata Analytics in Preventive Healthcare: A Synthetic Review

Urška Šajnović, Helena Blažun Vošner, Jernej Završnik, Bojan Žlahtič, Peter Kokol

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Internet of Things; Big Data; preventive healthcare; epidemiology; bibliometric

Online: 7 August 2024 (08:36:02 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0109.v1

A Supervised Classification Method for Levee Slide Detection Using Complex Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery

Ramakalavathi Marapareddy, James V. Aanstoos, Nicolas H. Younan

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Synthetic Aperture Radar; UAVSAR; levee; classification; radar polarimetry; classification

Online: 10 August 2016 (11:37:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1335.v1

Analysis of 2-Year Survival Outcome of Japanese Older Populations on Hemodiafiltration: A Propensity Score Matched Study Based on Insurance Claims Data

Aziz Jamal, Akira Babazono, Ning Liu, Takako Fujita, Sung-a Kim, Yunfei Li

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: hemodiafiltration; hemodialysis; all-cause mortality; survival outcome; insurance; Japan

Online: 19 August 2024 (13:13:41 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0374.v1

Identifying Disparities and Promoting Environmental Justice for Vulnerable Populations in India

Vina Vaswani, Ifeanyichukwu Akuma

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Ecological backdrop; environmental justice; pollution's toll; human-nature nexus and generational burden

Online: 7 May 2024 (11:42:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1289.v1

Selective sweeps in the Austrian Turopolje and Other Commercial Pig Populations

Farzad Atrian-Afiani, Beate Berger, Christian Draxl Draxl, Johann Sölkner, Gábor Mészáros

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Selection Signatures; Genomic Analysis; Muscular Development Genes

Online: 19 October 2023 (16:42:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0144.v1

Characterization of Mutations Causing CYP21A2 Deficiency in Brazilian and Portuguese Populations

Mayara Jorgens Prado, Shripryia Singh, Rodrigo Ligabue-Braun, Bruna Meneghetti, Thaiane Rispoli, Cristiane Kopacek, Karina Monteiro, Arnaldo Zaha, Maria Rosa Rossetti, Amit V Pandey

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: 21-hydroxylase deficiency; congenital adrenal hyperplasia; CYP21A2; functional characterization; Cytochrome P450

Online: 9 December 2021 (08:34:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1954.v1

Antiparasitary Potential Of Natural And Semi-Synthetic Labdane Diterpenes

Aline Nazaré Silva Parra, Ana Carolina Ferreira Soares Rocha, Julian Carlos da Silva Pavan, Analuz da Silva Machado, Vinícius José Miranda Rodrigues, Daiane Albino dos Santos, Lizandra Guidi Magalhães, Sérgio de Albuquerque, Vladimir Constantino Gomes Heleno

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: Leishmaniasis; Chagas disease; Copalic acid; Structural Modification; Trypanocidal and Leishmanicidal activities

Online: 24 July 2024 (17:45:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2338.v1

Synthetic Hemostatic Sealants: Effectiveness, Safety and In Vivo Applications

Federica Curcio, Paolo Perri, Paolo Piro, Stefania Galassi, Roberta Sole, Sonia Trombino, Roberta Cassano

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: tissue adhesive; cyanoacrylate-based glues; polysaccharide hydrogel-microsphere powder; vascular application-

Online: 30 December 2023 (16:11:33 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0402.v1

Synthetic mRNAs; Their Analogue Caps and Contribution to Disease

Anthony Kyriakopoulos, Peter McCullough

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: synthetic mRNA; analogue caps; elF4E; mTORC1; autophagy: immunity deregulation; maturation defects; autoimmunity; cancer

Online: 19 July 2021 (10:41:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0312.v1

Spectroscopic Studies of Synthetic and Natural Saponites: A Review

Concepcion Ponce, J. Theo Kloprogge

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Infrared spectroscopy; Magic-Angle-Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; saponite, synthesis; X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Online: 10 November 2020 (13:00:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1536.v9

Targeting Clonal Mutations with Synthetic Microbes

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: multiregion sequencing; multisample sequencing; cell-free circulating tumor DNA; clonal mutations; Achilles Therapeutics; OVERCOME

Online: 7 August 2024 (09:30:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0371.v1

Synthetic Endocrine Disruptors in Fragranced Products

Sawyer Ashcroft, Noura S. Dosoky, William N Setzer, Prabodh Satyal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Synthetic fragrance; phthalates; parabens; triclosan; siloxanes

Online: 4 July 2024 (09:12:58 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Synthetic Biology Advanced Nature Product Discovery

Junyang Wang, Jens Nielsen, Zihe Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: natural products; biosynthetic gene clusters; synthetic biology; genome mining strategies; modification strategies; design-build-test-learn (DBTL) cycle

Online: 8 October 2021 (09:10:02 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Synthetic Dataset Generation of Driver Telematics

Banghee So, Jean-Philippe Boucher, Emiliano Valdez

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Bayesian optimization; Gaussian process; Neural network; SMOTE; Usage-based insurance (UBI); Vehicle telematics

Online: 1 February 2021 (12:51:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0106.v2

The Discovery of Synthetic Proteolytic Peptide

Rina Nakamura, Motomi Konishi, Masanari Taniguchi, Yusuke Hatakawa, Toshifumi Akizawa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: catalytide; serine protease-like peptide; Tob1

Online: 17 January 2018 (07:27:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0978.v1

Epigenetics of genes preferentially expressed in dissimilar cell populations: Myoblasts and cerebellum

Melanie Ehrlich, Kenneth C. Ehrlich, Michelle Lacey, Carl Baribault, Sagnik Sen, Pierre Esteve, Sriharsa Pradhan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: myoblasts, cerebellum, epigenetics, WGBS, EM-seq, ZNF556, CHD15, TRIM72, DOK7, miR-486

Online: 13 December 2023 (10:42:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0920.v1

Effect of Nitrogen Levels on Methanogen and Methanotroph Populations in Rice Paddies

Youngho Kwon, So-Myeong Lee, Ju-Won Kang, Jin-Kyung Cha, Hyeonjin Park, Dong-Soo Park, Nkulu Rolly Kabange, Ki-Won Oh, Youn-Sig Kwak, Jong-Hee Lee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: rice; methanogen; methanotroph; nitrogen fertilization

Online: 13 September 2023 (15:50:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1435.v1

Unveiling Hidden Risks: Prenatal and Demographic Insights into Autism Spectrum Disorder

Aikaterini Sousamli, Elena Dragioti, Dimitra Metallinou, Aikaterini Lykeridou, Panagiota Dourou, Chrysoula Rozalia Athanasiadou, Dimitrios Anagnostopoulos, Antigoni Sarantaki

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: autistic spectrum disorders; functioning; prenatal risk factors; maternal age; age of diagnosis; vaginal bleeding; prenatal infections; family income; birth order; family history

Online: 20 August 2024 (13:46:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0070.v1

Deep Learning Exoplanets Detection by Combining Real and Synthetic Data

Sara Cuéllar, Paulo Granados, Ernesto Fabregas, Michel Curé, Hector Vargas, Sebastián Dormido-Canto, Gonzalo Farías

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Exoplanets Detection; Deep learning; Real and Simulated Data

Online: 6 December 2021 (12:36:42 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1501.v1

Glial Populations in the Human Brain Following Ischemic Injury

Victoria Mihailova, Irina I. Stoyanova, Anton B. Tonchev

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: glial cells; astrocytes; oligodendrocytes; NG2 glia; microglia; human brain; ischemic brain injury; transcription factors

Online: 21 July 2023 (10:28:46 CEST)

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There is a growing interest in glial cells in the central nervous system due to their important role in maintaining brain homeostasis both under physiological conditions and after injury. A significant amount of evidence has been accumulated regarding their capacity to exert either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects under different pathological conditions. In combination with their known proliferative potential, they contribute not only to the limitation of brain damage and tissue remodeling but also to neuronal repair and synaptic recovery. Moreover, reactive glial cells can modulate the processes of neurogenesis, proliferation, and migration of neurons in the existing neural circuits in the adult brain. By discovering precise signals within specific niches, the regulation of sequential processes in adult neurogenesis holds the potential to unlock strategies that can stimulate the generation of functional neurons, whether in response to injury or as a means of addressing degenerative neurological conditions. Cerebral ischemic stroke, a condition falling within the realm of acute vascular disorders affecting the circulation of the brain, stands as a prominent global cause of disability and mortality. Extensive investigations into glial plasticity and their intricate interactions with other cells in the central nervous system have predominantly relied on studies conducted on experimental animals, including rodents and primates. However, valuable insights have also been gleaned from in vivo studies involving post-stroke patients, utilizing highly specialized imaging techniques. Following the attempts to map brain cells, the role of various transcription factors in modulating gene expression in response to cerebral ischemia is gaining increasing popularity. Although the results obtained thus far remain incomplete and occasionally ambiguous, they serve as a solid foundation for the development of strategies aimed at influencing the recovery process after ischemic brain injury.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0079.v1

Engineering of Synthetic Transcriptional Switches in Yeast

Masahiro Tominaga, Akihiko Kondo, Jun Ishii

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: genetic switch; yeast; synthetic transcription factor; synthetic promoter; directed evolution

Online: 5 October 2021 (11:19:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1418.v1

Trends in Mercury Contamination Distribution among Human and Animal Populations in the Amazon

Irvin Martoredjo, Lenize Batista Calvão Santos, Jéssica Caroline Evangelista Vilhena, Alex Bruno Lobato Rodrigues, Andréia de Almeida, Carlos José Sousa Passos, Alexandro Cezar Florentino

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: Human Health Risks; Environmental Impact; Mining Impact; Spatial Distribution; Aquatic Ecosystems; Riverside Communities; Ecotoxicology; Ecoregion; Biosphere; Dietary Habits

Online: 26 February 2024 (11:56:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0042.v1

Demographic Performance of Helicoverpa zea Populations on Dual and Triple-Gene Bt Cotton

Marcelo M. Rabelo, Silvana V. Paula-Moraes, Eliseu Jose G. Pereira, Blair D. Siegfried

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: fitness; life table; cotton bollworm; corn earworm; toxin; resistance management

Online: 5 July 2020 (04:42:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0512.v1

Evidence On Viral Suppression Supports Scaling-Up Transition To Dolutegravir-Based Regimens In Pediatric Populations In Cameroon: A Multicentre Baseline Assessment For The Cipher-Adola Study

Joseph FOKAM, Yagai Bouba, Rogers Awoh Ajeh, Dominik Tameza Guebiapsi, Suzane Essamba, Albert Franck Zeh Meka, Ebiama Lifanda, Rose Armelle Ada, Yakouba Liman, Nancy Barbara Mbengono, Audrey Raissa Dzaddi Djomo, Suzie Ndiang Tetang, Samuel Martin Sosso, Jocelyne Carmen Babodo, Olivia Francette Ndomo Ambomo, Edith Michele Temgoua, Caroline Medouane, Sabine Ndejo Atsinkou, Justin Leonel Mvogo, Roger Martin Onana, Jean de Dieu Anoubissi, Alice Ketchaji, Alex Durand Nka, Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi, Aude Christelle Ka’e, Nadine Nguendjoung Fainguem, Rachel Simo Kamgaing, Désiré Augustin Komego Takou, Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket, Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Marie Atsama Amougou, Julius Nwobegahay, Comfort Vuchas, Anna Nya Nsimen, Bertrand Bille Eyoum, Sandra kenmegne Gatchuessi, Francis Ndongo Ateba, Daniel Kesseng, Serge Clotaire Billong, Daniele Armenia, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Paul Ndombo Koki, Hadja Cherif Hamsatou, Vittorio Colizzi, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo Federico Perno, Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Virological suppression; low level viremia; children, adolescents, and young-adults; DTG-based regimen; elimination of paediatric AIDS; Cameroon.

Online: 5 July 2024 (12:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0657.v1

Biopolymeric additive manufacturing: The bidirectional interplay of synthetic and natural systems

Andrew James Lew, Audrey Fu Lai, Spencer Philip Wyman

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: additive manufacturing; biopolymers; bioinks; natural inspiration; synthetic scaffold

Online: 11 March 2024 (16:56:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0383.v1

Synthetic Biology for Terraformation: Lessons from Mars, Earth and the Microbiome

Nuria Conde-Pueyo, Blai Vidiella Rocamora, Josep Sardanyes, Miguel Berdugo, Fernando Maestre, Victor de Lorenzo, Ricard Sole

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: terraformation; Mars; evolution; microbiome; synthetic biology; drylands; hypercycles; restoration ecology

Online: 29 December 2019 (13:23:07 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1698.v1

Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis C in Indigenous Populations in Canada

Kate Dunn, Dennis Wardman, Maxim Trubnikov, Chris Sarin, Tom Wong, Hongqun Liu, Samuel S. Lee

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: hepatitis C; Indigenous health; First Nations; Inuit; Mé; tis; epidemiology; colonial trauma; prevalence; incidence; racism

Online: 25 August 2024 (06:36:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0956.v1

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in “Special” NSCLC Populations: A Viable Approach?

Giuseppe Bronte, Donato Michele Cosi, Chiara Magri, Antonio Frassoldati, Lucio Crinò, Luana Calabrò

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: NSCLC,; Immunotherapy; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Special populations

Online: 13 June 2023 (16:01:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0390.v1

BSA Binding and Aggregate Formation of a Synthetic Amino Acid with Potential for Promoting Fibroblast Proliferation: An In Silico, CD Spectroscopic, DLS, and Cellular Study

Hayarpi M Simonyan, Rosanna Palumbo, Satenik Petrosyan, Anna F Mkrtchyan, Armen Galstyan, Ashot S. Saghyan, Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio, Caterina Vicidomini, Marta Fik-Jaskółka, Giovanni N Roviello

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: in silico; protein binding; self-assembling system; synthetic amino acid; fibroblast growth enhancement; tissue regeneration

Online: 7 May 2024 (15:41:49 CEST)

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This study presents the chemical synthesis, purification, and characterization of a novel non-natural synthetic amino acid. The compound was synthesized in solution, purified, and characterized using NMR spectroscopy, polarimetry, and melting point determination. Dynamic Light 22 Scattering (DLS) analysis demonstrated its ability to form aggregates with an average size of 391 nm, extending to low micrometric sizes. Furthermore, cellular biological assays revealed its ability to enhance fibroblast cell growth, highlighting its potential for tissue regenerative applications. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy showed the ability of the synthetic amino acid to bind serum albumins (using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model), and CD deconvolution provided insights into the changes in secondary structures of BSA upon interaction with the amino acid ligand. Additionally, molecular docking using HDOCK software elucidated the most likely binding mode of the ligand inside the BSA structure. We also performed in silico oligomerization of the synthetic compound in order to obtain a model of aggregate to investigate computationally. More in detail, in the dimer formation achieved by molecular self-docking, two distinct poses were observed, corresponding to the lowest and comparable energies, with one pose exhibiting a quasi-coplanar arrangement characterized by a close alignment of two aromatic rings from the synthetic amino acids within the dimer, suggesting the presence of π-π stacking interactions. In contrast, the second pose displayed a non-coplanar configuration, with the aromatic rings oriented in a staggered arrangement, indicating distinct modes of interaction. Both poses were further utilized in the self-docking procedure. Notably, iterative molecular docking of amino acid structures resulted in the formation of higher-order aggregates, with a model of a 512-mer aggregate obtained through self-docking procedures. This model of aggregate presented a cavity capable of hosting therapeutic cargoes and biomolecules, rendering it a potential scaffold for cell adhesion and growth in tissue regenerative applications. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of this synthetic amino acid for tissue regenerative therapeutics and provide valuable insights into its molecular interactions and aggregation behavior.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0680.v1

Symbiont Diversity in Imidacloprid-Resistant and Imidacloprid-Susceptible Populations of Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Juefeng Zhang, Fang Li, Haiying Zhong, Jianming Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: imidacloprid; Nilaparvata lugens; PCR-DGGE; insecticide resistance; neonicotinoids

Online: 12 September 2023 (04:11:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1510.v1

Sensitivity of Eurasian Rear-Edge Birch Populations to Regional Climate and Local Hydrological Conditions

Ester González de Andrés, Michele Colangelo, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, José Antonio López-Sáez, Jesús Julio Camarero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Betula pendula; Betula pubescens; drought; growth decline; land use; peatland; Toledo Mountains

Online: 21 June 2023 (09:50:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0933.v1

Synthetic Routes to Approved Drugs Containing a Spirocycle

Nazar Moshnenko, Alexander Kazantsev, Evgeny Chupakhin, Olga Bakulina, Dmitry Dar'in

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Spirocycles; three-dimensional; high-Fsp3; spirocyclizations; cyclodehydration; ketalization; intramolecular Claisen condensation; intramolecular alkylation; approved drugs

Online: 26 April 2023 (03:09:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0103.v1

3D Imaging Millimeter Wave Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar

Renyuan Zhang, Siyang Cao

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: radar 3D imaging; synthetic aperture radar; millimeter wave radar; remote sensing; compressed sensing; inverse Radon transform; portable

Online: 15 March 2017 (08:44:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1784.v1

Emergency Mapping for Flood Events Using Satellite Imagery (Optical and/or Synthetic Aperture Radar) and Benchmarking between Open Source and Commercial Geospatial Analysis Tools

Nancy Alvan Romero, Wilson A. Suarez Alayza

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: weather; cyclone; emergency map; flood; satellite image; Peru

Online: 23 July 2024 (13:39:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0343.v1

Fusion of Enhanced and Synthetic Vision System Images for Runway and Horizon Detection

Ahmed F. Fadhil, Raghuveer Kanneganti, Lalit Gupta, Ravi Vaidyanathan

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: unmanned aircraft (UAV); sensing; intelligent transportation; image fusion; signal alignment; runway detection; image registration; wavelet transform; Hough transform

Online: 16 October 2018 (08:49:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0810.v1

Routes to PSMA/GRPr Targeted Heterobivalent Conjugates: Synthetic Strategies and Their Evaluation

Stanislav A. Petrov, Gleb P. Grigoriev, Grigory А. Orlov, Nikolay Y. Zyk, Yuri K. Grishin, Vitaly A. Roznyatovsky, Maria A. Beloglazkina, Juliana V. Kuznetsova, Aleksei E. Machulkin, Elena K. Beloglazkina

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: Prostate cancer, Targeted delivery, Нeterobivalent conjugates, PSMA, GRPr

Online: 13 May 2024 (09:00:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0374.v1

Synthetic Cathinones: Epidemiology, Toxicity, Potential for Abuse and Current Public Health Perspective

Shanshan Chen, Wenhua Zhou, Miaojun Lai

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Synthetic cathinones; Neurotoxicity; Abuse; Adverse effects; new psychoactive substances

Online: 6 February 2024 (11:51:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0158.v1

Environmental DNA: Enhancing Species Detection and Study Comparability with Synthetic DNA Tracers

George Stamatoyannopoulos, Thalia Papayannopoulou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: eDNA; synthetic DNA; metabarcoding; DNA tracers; molecular standards; in-field controls

Online: 2 February 2024 (14:18:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1580.v1

Genomic Insights and Synthetic Biology Applications of Marine Actinomycete Streptomyces griseoincarnatus HNS054

Qinghua Wang, Jing Zhao, Zhaoyuan Liu, Shaoxiong Ding, Zhiyong Huang, Jun Chen

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: marine actinomycete; chassis; natural product; biosynthetic gene cluster; rapid growth; MSGE

Online: 22 January 2024 (10:24:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0378.v1

Biosensing Cytokine IL-6: A Comparative Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Receptors

Eleonora Alfinito, Matteo Beccaria, Mariangela Ciccarese

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: IL-6 cytokine; biosensors; Proteotronics; aptamers; topological analysis

Online: 17 July 2020 (11:05:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0808.v1

Psychological distress in Low Income and Economically Marginalized (LIEM) populations in India: Protective and Risk factors.

Dipti Singh, Shagufta Nasir, Juhi Sharma, Lydia Giménez-Llort, Mohammad Ghazi Shahnawaz

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: mental health; low-income and economic marginalization (LIEM); socioeconomic status; urban slum; gender; caste; intersectionality

Online: 12 December 2023 (05:55:05 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1276.v1

Exploring Study Abroad with Traditionally Underrepresented Populations: Impacts of Institutional Types

AKINDELE OGUNLEYE

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords:
Study abroad; Underrepresented student; Academic credit; U.S. educational system; Ethnic/racial discrimination.

Online: 20 June 2024 (11:23:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1384.v1

Sequence characterization of eccDNA content in multiple blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) populations

Wanfang Fu, Dana R MacGregor, David Comont, Christopher A Saski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: eccDNA; blackgrass; herbicide resistance; rapid adaptation

Online: 20 September 2023 (12:03:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0267.v2

Systematic Review of Wastewater Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Populations

Kevin Chau, Leanne Barker, Eric Budgell, Karina-doris Vihta, Natalie Sims, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, Elinor Harriss, Derrick Crook, Daniel Read, Sarah Walker, Nicole Stoesser

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: AMR; sewage; epidemiology; wastewater; surveillance

Online: 21 June 2021 (11:25:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0111.v1

Applicability of Precision Medicine Approaches to Managing Hypertension in Rural Populations

Jacqueline R. Halladay, Kaitlin C. Lenhart, Kimberly Robasky, Wendell Jones, Wayne F. Homan, Doyle M. Cummings, Crystal W. Cené, Alan L. Hinderliter, Cassandra L. Miller, Katrina E. Donahue, Beverly A. Garcia, Thomas C. Keyserling, Alice S. Ammerman, Cam Patterson, Darren A. DeWalt, Larry F. Johnston, Monte S. Willis, Jonathan C. Schisler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: hypertension; GWAS; precision medicine; rural population; SNP-age interaction

Online: 12 January 2018 (07:34:37 CET)

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Background: As part of the Heart Healthy Lenoir Project, we developed a practice level intervention to improve blood pressure control. The goal of this study was: i) determine if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that associate with blood pressure variation, identified in large case-control studies, are applicable to blood pressure control in subjects from a rural population; ii) measure the association of these SNPs with subjects’ responsiveness to the hypertension intervention; and iii) identify other SNPs that may help understand patient-specific responses to an intervention. Methods and Results: We used a combination of candidate SNPs and genome-wide analyses to test associations with either baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) or change in systolic blood pressure one year after the intervention in two genetically defined ancestral groups: African Americans (AA) or Caucasian Americans (CAU). Of the 48 candidate SNPs, 13 SNPs associated with baseline SBP in our study; however, one candidate SNP, rs592582, also associated with a change in SBP after one year. Using our study data, we identified 4 and 15 additional loci that associated with a change in SBP in the AA and CAU groups, respectively. Our analysis of gene-age interactions identified genotypes associated with SBP improvement within different age groups of our populations. Moreover, our integrative analysis identified AQP4-AS1 and PADI2 as genes whose expression levels may contribute to the pleiotropy of complex traits involved in cardiovascular health and blood pressure regulation in response to an intervention targeting hypertension. Conclusions: Identification of SNPs associated with the success of a hypertension treatment intervention suggests that genetic factors in combination with age may contribute to an individual’s success in lowering SBP. If these findings prove to be applicable to other populations, the use of this genetic variation in making patient-specific interventions may help providers with making decisions to improve patient outcomes. Further investigation is required to determine the role of this genetic variance with respect to the management of hypertension such that more precise treatment recommendations may be made in the future as part of personalized medicine.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0029.v1

Fundamental Elucidation of HLA in Type 1 Diabetes of Arab Populations

Mohamed Mirza Jahromi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: HLA; type 1 diabetes; ethnicity; screening; haplotype

Online: 7 September 2016 (12:49:02 CEST)

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Aims/Hypothesis): Type 1 diabetes is an immune-mediated disease with destruction of the pancreatic β-cells, a process that is conditioned by multiple genes and other factors. HLA counts as the major susceptibility gene. Significant variations in HLA genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes between Caucasians, African and Asian and other ethnic groups may have led to the variation in incidence of type 1 diabetes globally. Type 1 diabetes is characterized upon HLA identification. In this chapter we discuss global variations in genetic susceptibility of HLA with regard to type 1 diabetes globally with a particular attention to Arab population. Methods): Haplotype configuration of HLA class I A, B, C and Class II –DR/DQ/DP were studied in Caucasians, African and Asian and in Arab population to see if that is responsible for the exponential rise in the rate of type 1 diabetes. Results): Although Arabs have one of the highest global incidence and prevalence rates of type 1 diabetes, unfortunately, there is a dearth amount of information regarding HLA genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in the Arab world. HLA haplotype configurations contribute to its risk value. However, out of an insufficient present study there are examples of misjudgment of HLA risk according to HLA alleles rather than haplotypes. Conclusion): To date HLA outlooks for the characterization of type 1 diabetes. There is an ethnicity difference in HLA characteristics which is responsible for variation in type 1 diabetes. Although Arab population have contributed heavily in the rise of burden of type 1 diabetes, however, there is significantly a dearth amount of studies on HLA in Arab population. Obviously, any future prediction, prevention or cure of the disease will be based on the HLA genetics. There is a dire need for a systematic screening of HLA for Arab population with type 1 diabetes, identification of Arab HLA-risk values and identify those who are prone to get the disease.

Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2051.v1

Genetic Structure and Biodiversity in Wild Centropomus Parallelus and in Wild and Recently Domesticated Centropomus Undecimallis Populations

Marcos Edgar Herkenhoff, Miklos Maximiliano Bajay, Carlos André da Veiga Lima-Rosa Costamilan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Microsatellites; Centropomus parallelus; Centropomus undecimalis; Centropomidae, genetic polymorphism

Online: 28 June 2023 (15:31:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1221.v1

Aiming for Equity: Addressing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among American Indian/Alaska Native Populations through Educational Interventions

Maya Asami Takagi, Simone T Rhodes, Jun Hwan Kim, Maxwell King, Stephanie Sokar, Chad Martin, Angela Sasaki Cole, Arlene Chan, Ciara Brennan, Stephen Zyzanski, Barry Kissoondial, Neli Ragina

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy; American Indian/Alaska native populations; educational interventions; health disparities; health equity; Indian Health Service; Culturally Relevant Interventions; Policy Advocacy

Online: 18 June 2024 (11:20:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0277.v2

The Role of CyberKnife Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Recurrent Cranial Medulloblastomas across Pediatric and Adult Populations

Kelly H. Yoo, Neelan J Marianayagam, David J Park, Aroosa Zamarud, Xuejun Gu, Erqi Pollom, Scott G. Soltys, Antonio Meola, Steven D Chang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: stereotactic radiosurgery; CyberKnife radiosurgery; medulloblastoma

Online: 8 May 2024 (09:49:15 CEST)

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Background and Objectives: Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. In recent decades, the therapeutic landscape has undergone significant changes, with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) emerging as a promising treatment for recurrent cases. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the long-term efficacy and safety of SRS in recurrent medulloblastomas across both pediatric and adult patients at a single institution. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiological records of patients who underwent CyberKnife SRS for recurrent cranial medulloblastomas at our institution between 1998 and 2023. Follow-up data were available for 15 medulloblastomas in 10 patients. The cohort comprised 8 pediatric patients (ages 3-18) and 2 adult patients (ages 19-75). Median age at the time of SRS was 13 years, median tumor volume accounted for 1.9 cc, median biologically equivalent dose (BED) was 126 Gy, and single-fraction equivalent dose (SFED) was 18 Gy. The SRS was administered at 75% of the median isodose line. Results: Following a median follow-up of 39 months (range: 6-78), 53.3% of the medulloblastomas progressed, 13.3% regressed, and 33.3% remained stable. The 3-year local tumor control (LTC) rate for all medulloblastomas was 65%, with lower rates observed in the adult cohort (50%) and higher rates in pediatric patients (67%). The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 70%, with significantly higher rates in pediatric patients (75%) compared to adult patients (50%). The 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 58.3%, with higher rates in pediatric patients (60%) compared to adult patients (50%). Two pediatric patients developed radiation-induced edema, while two adult patients experienced radiation necrosis at the latest follow-up, with both adult patients passing away. Conclusion: Our study provides a complex perspective on the efficacy and safety of CyberKnife SRS in treating recurrent cranial medulloblastomas across pediatric and adult populations. The rarity of adverse radiation events (ARE) underscores the safety profile of SRS, reinforcing its role in enhancing treatment outcomes. The intricacies of symptomatic outcomes, intertwined with factors such as age, tumor location, and prior surgeries, emphasize the need for personalized treatment approaches. Our findings underscore the imperative for ongoing research and the development of more refined treatment strategies for recurrent medulloblastomas. Given the observed disparities in treatment outcomes, a more meticulous tailoring of treatment approaches becomes crucial.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0184.v1

Dissection of Common Rust Resistance in Tropical Maize Multiparent Populations through GWAS and Linkage Studies

Linzhuo Li, Fuyan Jiang, Yaqi Bi, Xingfu Yin, Yudong Zhang, Shaoxiong Li, Xingjie Zhang, Meichen Liu, Jinfeng Li, Ranjan Kumar Shaw, Babar Ijaz, Xingming Fan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: tropical maize; multiparent populations; common rust; QTL; GWAS; candidate genes

Online: 5 March 2024 (07:12:30 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0352.v1

Immune Resilience to SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Shifting Risk Within Normal and Disease Populations

Robert Llewellyn Clancy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Mucosa; Immunity; Vaccines; Common Mucosal System; Immunobiotics

Online: 5 July 2023 (16:00:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0253.v1

Wings’ Descriptive and Geometric Morphometry Analyses Support Distinct Phlebotomus sergenti Parrot Populations in Central Morocco

Fatima-Zara Abou-Elaaz, Denis Sereno, Oumnia Himmi, Mohamed Ghamizi, Souad Guernaoui

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Phlebotomus sergenti; Wing Morphometry; Wing Geomorphomery; Morocco

Online: 15 December 2021 (11:11:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0129.v1

Transcriptome-wide Association Study of Blood Cell Traits in African Ancestry and Hispanic/Latino Populations

Jia Wen, Munan Xie, Bryce Rowland, Jonathan D. Rosen, Quan Sun, Amanda L. Tapia, Huijun Qian, Madeline H. Kowalski, Yue Shan, Kristin L. Young, Marielisa Graff, Maria Argos, Christy L. Avery, Stephanie A. Bien, Steve Buyske, Jie Yin, Hélène Choquet, Myriam Fornage, Chani J. Hodonsky, Eric Jorgenson, Charles Kooperberg, Ruth J.F. Loos, Yongmei Liu, Jee-Young Moon, Kari E. North, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Jennifer A. Smith, Wei Zhao, Lulu Shang, Tao Wang, Xiang Zhou, Alexander P. Reiner, Laura M. Raffield, Yun Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: TWAS; non-European; blood cell traits

Online: 4 June 2021 (09:56:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0160.v1

Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids: A Comprehensive Review of Natural Occurring Compounds and Their Synthetic Derivatives

Camelia Hodoșan, Cerasela Elena Gîrd, Mihaela Violeta Ghica, Cristina-Elena Dinu-Pîrvu, Lucica Nistor, Iulius Sorin Bărbuică, Ștefan-Claudiu Marin, Alexandru Mihalache, Lăcrămioara Popa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: pyrethrins; pyrethroids; insecticides; terpenoids; pyrethrum.

Online: 2 November 2023 (10:36:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0946.v1

Synthetic Ecosystems: From the Test Tube to the Biosphere

Ricard Sole, Victor Maull, Daniel R. Amor, Jordi Pla Mauri, Nuria Conde-Pueyo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: synthetic biology; ecological engineering; climate change; ecospheres; life support systems

Online: 14 May 2024 (09:40:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2334.v1

Multiphysics Modeling of a Synthetic Jet Actuator in Operation

Matthew G Butler, Alis Ekmekci, Pierre Edward Sullivan

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Synthetic Jets; Flow Control; Multiphysics Modeling

Online: 30 December 2023 (09:02:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1391.v1

Data-Driven ICS Network Simulation for Synthetic Data Generation

Minseo Kim, Seungho Jeon, Jake Cho, Seonghyeon Gong

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: Industrial Control Systems (ICS); Synthetic Data Generation; Data-Driven Simulation; Machine Learning; Cybersecurity

Online: 19 December 2023 (06:01:34 CET)

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Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are integral to managing and optimizing processes in various industries, including manufacturing, power generation, and more. However, the scarcity of widely adopted ICS datasets hampers research efforts in areas like optimization and security. This scarcity arises due to the substantial cost and technical expertise required to create physical ICS environments. In response to these challenges, this paper presents a groundbreaking approach to generating synthetic ICS data through a data-driven ICS network simulation. We circumvent the need for expensive hardware by recreating the entire ICS environment in software. Moreover, rather than manually replicating the control logic of ICS components, we leverage existing data to autonomously generate control logic. The core of our method involves the stochastic setting of setpoints, which introduces randomness into the generated data. Setpoints serve as target values for controlling the operation of the ICS process. This approach enables us to augment existing ICS datasets and cater to the data requirements of machine learning-based ICS intrusion detection systems and other data-driven applications. Our simulated ICS environment employs virtualized containers to mimic the behavior of real-world PLCs and SCADA systems, while control logic is deduced from publicly available ICS datasets. Setpoints are generated probabilistically to ensure data diversity. Experimental results validate the fidelity of our synthetic data, emphasizing its ability to closely replicate temporal and statistical characteristics of real-world ICS networks. In conclusion, this innovative data-driven ICS network simulation offers a cost-effective and scalable solution for generating synthetic ICS data. It empowers researchers in the field of ICS optimization and security with diverse, realistic datasets, furthering advancements in this critical domain. Future work may involve refining the simulation model and exploring additional applications for synthetic ICS data.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0270.v1

Synthetic Model of the Mucosa for Oral Penetration Studies

Cristina Alonso, Meritxell Martí, Anderson Ramos, Ana Cristina Calpena, Beatriz Clares-Naveros, Luisa Coderch

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: synthetic membrane; mucosa membrane; waterproofing formulations; TMWL; in vitro release

Online: 5 October 2023 (10:54:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0712.v1

Synthetic Ultra-wideband Transceiver for Millimeter-wave Imaging Applications

Amir Mirbeik, Laleh Najafizadeh, Negar Ebadi

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Millimeter-wave Imaging; Transceiver; Circuit; Biomedical imaging; ultra-wideband; CMOS

Online: 12 September 2023 (03:21:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0081.v1

Synthetic MRI Generation from CT Scans for Stroke Patients

Jake McNaughton, Samantha Holdsworth, Ben Chong, Justin Fernandez, Vickie Shim, Alan Wang

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Deep Learning; Image Synthesis; Image Generation; Machine Learning; Medical Imaging; CT to MRI; Synthetic MRI; Stroke; Image-to-image Translation

Online: 1 June 2023 (11:30:09 CEST)

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