lem
Albanian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editPossibly from a Proto-Albanian *leudno, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“man, people”). Alternatively formed from polem.
Noun
editlem m (plural leme, definite lemi, definite plural lemet)
Declension
editAromanian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Latin lignum. Compare Daco-Romanian lemn.
Noun
editlem n (plural lemi)
Cimbrian
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German leben, from Old High German lebēn, from Proto-West Germanic *libbjan, from Proto-Germanic *libjaną (“to live; to be alive”). Cognate with German leben, English live.
Verb
editlem (auxiliary håm)
References
edit- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Danish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Danish lim, from Old Norse limr, from Proto-Germanic *limuz (“branch, limb”), cognate with Norwegian, Swedish lem, English limb, Dutch leem.
Noun
editlem n (singular definite lemmet, plural indefinite lemmer)
Declension
editDerived terms
editReferences
edit- “lem,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Norse hlemmr, from Proto-Germanic *hlammiz (“noice; lid”), cognate with Norwegian lem, Swedish läm, Old English hlemm, Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (hlamma).
Noun
editlem c (singular definite lemmen, plural indefinite lemme)
Declension
editDerived terms
editReferences
edit- “lem,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
Galician
editVerb
editlem
- (reintegrationist norm) third-person plural present indicative of ler
Icelandic
editVerb
editlem (weak)
Indonesian
editEtymology
editFrom Dutch lijm, from Middle Dutch lijm, from Old Dutch *līm, from Proto-Germanic *līmaz.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlem or lèm
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “lem” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Irish
editPronunciation
editContraction
editlem (triggers lenition)
- (Munster) Contraction of le mo (“with my”).
- Chuir sé cúl orm lem chuid oibre.
- It left me late with my work.
Related terms
editBasic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de (“from”) | den | de na desna* |
de mo dem* |
de do ded*, det* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* |
do mo dom* |
do do dod*, dot* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* |
i do id*, it* |
ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* |
le do led*, let* |
lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* |
ó mo óm* |
ó do ód*, ót* |
óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
Livonian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *lämbin. Akin to Finnish lämmin.
Adjective
editlem
Middle English
editNoun
editlem
- Alternative form of leme
Middle Irish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Irish lem, from Proto-Celtic *limos (compare Welsh llwyf, from a variant *lēmos), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁élem (“mountain elm”); compare Latin ulmus.
Noun
editlem m (genitive lim)
Etymology 2
editUltimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”).
Adjective
editlem
Descendants
edit- Irish: leamh
Mutation
editMiddle Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
lem | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
edit- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 lem (‘elm tree’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 lem (‘soft’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Mòcheno
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle High German leben, from Old High German lebēn, from Proto-West Germanic *libbjan, from Proto-Germanic *libjaną (“to live; to be alive”). Cognate with German leben, English live.
Verb
editlem
- to live
Etymology 2
editFrom Middle High German leben, from Old High German lebēn (noun), from the verb. Cognate with German Leben.
Noun
editlem n
References
edit- “lem” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Norwegian Nynorsk
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Norse limr, from Proto-Germanic *limuz (“branch, limb”) (compare English limb).
Noun
editlem (definite singular lemmen or lemen, indefinite plural lemmar or lemmer or lemar or lemer, definite plural lammane or lemmene or lemane or lemene)
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Norse hlemmr, from Proto-Germanic *hlammiz, as also Icelandic hlemmur.
Noun
editlem m (definite singular lemmen, indefinite plural lemmar, definite plural lemmane)
Etymology 3
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
editlem
- inflection of lemja:
- imperative of lema and lemma
References
edit- “lem” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
editSwedish
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse limr, from Proto-Germanic *limuz (“branch, limb”) (compare English limb).
Noun
editlem c
Usage notes
edit(sense 2) has similar tone to English member.
Declension
editDeclension of lem | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | lem | lemmen | lemmar | lemmarna |
Genitive | lems | lemmens | lemmars | lemmarnas |
Related terms
editSee also
editReferences
editVietnamese
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editAdjective
edit- smudged, soiled
- Cô Bé Lọ Lem ― Cinderella (literally, “The Soot-smeared Girl”)
Derived terms
editVolapük
editNoun
editlem (nominative plural lems)
Declension
editWhite Hmong
editEtymology
editFrom Thai เลี้ยว (líao) ("to turn"), with vowel reduction.
Verb
editlem
- Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian nouns
- Albanian masculine nouns
- Aromanian terms inherited from Latin
- Aromanian terms derived from Latin
- Aromanian lemmas
- Aromanian nouns
- Aromanian neuter nouns
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian lemmas
- Cimbrian verbs
- Cimbrian weak verbs
- Luserna Cimbrian
- Cimbrian terms with usage examples
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Danish/ɛmˀ
- Rhymes:Danish/ɛmˀ/1 syllable
- Danish terms inherited from Old Danish
- Danish terms derived from Old Danish
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- Danish formal terms
- Danish dated terms
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- Icelandic non-lemma forms
- Icelandic verb forms
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Old Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Indonesian 1-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish non-lemma forms
- Irish contractions
- Munster Irish
- Irish terms with usage examples
- Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian lemmas
- Livonian adjectives
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Middle Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Middle Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Middle Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Irish lemmas
- Middle Irish nouns
- Middle Irish masculine nouns
- Middle Irish adjectives
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Mòcheno terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyp-
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Middle High German
- Mòcheno terms derived from Middle High German
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Old High German
- Mòcheno terms derived from Old High German
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Mòcheno lemmas
- Mòcheno verbs
- Mòcheno nouns
- Mòcheno neuter nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk euphemisms
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese adjectives
- Vietnamese terms with usage examples
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük nouns
- White Hmong terms borrowed from Thai
- White Hmong terms derived from Thai
- White Hmong lemmas
- White Hmong verbs