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Recommended tests for association in 2 x 2 tables.

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Affiliations

  • 1. Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
      Authors
    • Lydersen S 1
    (1 author)

Statistics in Medicine, 01 Mar 2009, 28(7):1159-1175
https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.3531 PMID: 19170020 

A comment on this article appears in "The analysis of 2 × 2 contingency tables--yet again." Stat Med. 2011 Apr 15;30(8):890; author reply 891-2.

Abstract 

The asymptotic Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test have long been the most used for testing association in 2x2 tables. Unconditional tests preserve the significance level and generally are more powerful than Fisher's exact test for moderate to small samples, but previously were disadvantaged by being computationally demanding. This disadvantage is now moot, as software to facilitate unconditional tests has been available for years. Moreover, Fisher's exact test with mid-p adjustment gives about the same results as an unconditional test. Consequently, several better tests are available, and the choice of a test should depend only on its merits for the application involved. Unconditional tests and the mid-p approach ought to be used more than they now are. The traditional Fisher's exact test should practically never be used.

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