Charles Rangel

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Charles B. Rangel
Image of Charles B. Rangel

Democratic Party

Prior offices
U.S. House New York District 18
U.S. House New York District 19
U.S. House New York District 16
Successor: José Serrano
U.S. House New York District 15
Successor: José Serrano
U.S. House New York District 13

Compensation

Net worth

(2012) $1,811,507.50

Education

Bachelor's

New York University

Law

St. John's University

Military

Service / branch

U.S. Army

Years of service

1948 - 1952

Personal
Religion
Christian: Catholic
Profession
Attorney

Charles Rangel (b. June 11, 1930, in New York, N.Y.) is a former Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives representing New York's 13th Congressional District. Rangel served in the House from 1971 to 2017.

Before 2012 redistricting, Rangel served the 15th District. He also previously served in the 18th, 19th and 16th Districts.[1]

Prior to his congressional career, Rangel served as secretary of the New York State Penal Law and Code Revision Commission.[2]

Biography

Rangel was born in New York, New York. He earned a B.A. from New York University in 1957 and a J.D. from St. John's University in 1960.[2]

Rangel was in the United States Army from 1948-1952. He served in the Korean War and then attended New York University. After obtaining his degrees, Rangel worked as a lawyer in private practice. He served as assistant United States Attorney in the Southern District of New York in 1963, counsel to speaker of the New York State Assembly in 1965, counsel to the President’s Commission to Revise the Draft Laws in 1966 and secretary of the New York State Penal Law and Code Revision Commission.

Career

Below is an abbreviated outline of Rangel's academic, professional, and political career:[3]

Committee assignments

U.S. House

2015-2016

Rangel served on the following committees:[4]

2013-2014

Rangel served on the following committees:[5]

Joint Committee on Taxation

2011-2012

Rangel served on the following committees:[6]

Key votes

114th Congress

CongressLogo.png

The first session of the 114th Congress enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the 114th Congress enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.[8][9] For more information pertaining to Rangel's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.[10]

Economic and fiscal

Trade Act of 2015
See also: The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015

Trade adjustment assistance
Nay3.png On June 12, 2015, the House rejected the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015—by a vote of 126-302. Trade adjustment assistance (TAA) is a federal program providing American workers displaced by foreign trade agreements with job training and services. The measure was packaged with trade promotion authority (TPA), also known as fast-track authority. TPA is a legislative procedure that allows Congress to define "U.S. negotiating objectives and spells out a detailed oversight and consultation process for during trade negotiations. Under TPA, Congress retains the authority to review and decide whether any proposed U.S. trade agreement will be implemented," according to the Office of the United States Trade Representative. Rangel was one of 144 Democrats to vote against the bill.[11][12]
Trade promotion authority
Nay3.png On June 12, 2015, the House passed the trade promotion authority (TPA) measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015 —by a vote of 219-211. TPA gives the president fast-track authority to negotiate trade agreements sent to Congress without the opportunity for amendment or filibuster. Although the House approved TPA, it was a largely symbolic vote given the measure was part of a package trade bill including trade adjustment assistance (TAA), which was rejected earlier the same day. Rangel was one of 157 Democrats to vote against the measure.[13][14]
Trade promotion authority second vote
Nay3.png After the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) and trade promotion authority (TPA) did not pass the House together on June 12, 2015, representatives voted to authorize TPA alone as an amendment to HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—on June 18, 2015. The amendment passed by a vote of 218-208, with all voting members of the House maintaining his or her original position on TPA except for Ted Yoho (R-Fla.). Rangel was one of 158 Democrats to vote against the amendment.[15][16]
Trade adjustment assistance second vote
Yea3.png The House passed HR 1295—the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015—on June 25, 2015, by a vote of 286-138. The Senate packaged trade adjustment assistance (TAA) in this bill after the House rejected the TAA measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015. Along with trade promotion authority (TPA), which Congress passed as part of HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—TAA became law on June 29, 2015. Rangel was one of 175 Democrats to vote in favor of HR 1295.[17][18]

Defense spending authorization

Nay3.png On May 15, 2015, the House passed HR 1735—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 269-151. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." Rangel voted with 142 other Democrats and eight Republicans against the bill.[19] The Senate passed the bill on June 18, 2015, by a vote of 71-25. President Barack Obama vetoed the bill on October 22, 2015.[20]

Nay3.png On November 5, 2015, the House passed S 1356—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 370-58. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included $5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.[21][22] Rangel voted with 48 other Democrats and nine Republicans against the bill.[23] On November 10, 2015, the Senate passed the bill by a vote of 91-3, and President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 25, 2015.[24]

2016 Budget proposal

Nay3.png On April 30, 2015, the House voted to approve SConRes11, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 226-197. The non-binding resolution was designed to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government. All 183 Democrats who voted, including Rangel, voted against the resolution.[25][26][27]

2015 budget

Yea3.png On October 28, 2015, the House passed HR 1314—the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015—by a vote of 266-167. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.[28] Rangel voted with 186 Democrats and 79 Republicans in favor of the bill.[29] It passed the Senate on October 30, 2015.[30] President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 2, 2015.

Foreign Affairs

Iran nuclear deal
See also: Iran nuclear agreement, 2015

Yea3.png On May 14, 2015, the House approved HR 1191—the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 400-25. The bill required President Barack Obama to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review. Congress had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove, or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. Rangel voted with 176 Democrats to approve the bill.[31][32]


Approval of Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
Yea3.png On September 11, 2015, the House rejected HR 3461—To approve the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, signed at Vienna on July 14, 2015, relating to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 162-269. The legislation proposed approving the nuclear agreement with Iran. Rangel voted with 161 Democrats for the bill.[33][34]


Suspension of Iran sanctions relief
Nay3.png On September 11, 2015, the House approved HR 3460—To suspend until January 21, 2017, the authority of the President to waive, suspend, reduce, provide relief from, or otherwise limit the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 247-186. HR 3460 prohibited "the President, prior to January 21, 2017, from: limiting the application of specified sanctions on Iran or refraining from applying any such sanctions; or removing a foreign person (including entities) listed in Attachments 3 or 4 to Annex II of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPA) from the list of designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Asset Control of the Department of the Treasury." Rangel voted with 185 Democrats against the bill.[35][36]


Presidential non-compliance of section 2
Nay3.png On September 10, 2015, the House passed H Res 411—Finding that the President has not complied with section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 245-186. Section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015 required the president to submit all materials related to the nuclear agreement for congressional review. House Republicans introduced the resolution because two agreements between the International Atomic Energy Agency and Iran were not submitted to Congress. Rangel voted with 185 Democrats against the resolution.[37][38]

Export-Import Bank

Yea3.png On October 27, 2015, the House passed HR 597—the Export-Import Bank Reform and Reauthorization Act of 2015—by a vote of 313-118. The bill proposed reauthorizing the Export-Import Bank and allowing it to resume offering assistance in the form of loans and insurance to foreign companies that wanted to buy U.S. goods.[39] Rangel voted with 185 Democrats and 127 Republicans in favor of the bill.[40]

Domestic

USA FREEDOM Act of 2015

Nay3.png On May 13, 2015, the House passed HR 2048—the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015—by a vote of 338-88. The legislation revised HR 3199—the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005—by ending the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." Rangel voted with 40 Democrats and 47 Republicans against the legislation. It became law on June 2, 2015.[41][42]

Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act

Nay3.png On May 13, 2015, the House passed HR 36—the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act—by a vote of 242-184. The bill proposed prohibiting abortions from being performed after a fetus was determined to be 20 weeks or older. The bill proposed exceptions in cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the mother. Rangel voted with 179 Democrats against the bill.[43][44]

Cyber security

Yea3.png On April 23, 2015, the House passed HR 1731—the National Cybersecurity Protection Advancement Act of 2015—by a vote of 355-63. The bill proposed creating an information sharing program that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. It also proposed including liability protections for companies.[45] Rangel voted with 134 Democrats and 220 Republicans to approve the bill.[46]

Nay3.png On April 22, 2015, the House passed HR 1560—the Protecting Cyber Networks Act—by a vote of 307-116.[47] The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. Rangel voted with 78 Democrats and 37 Republicans against the bill.[48]

Immigration

Nay3.png On November 19, 2015, the House passed HR 4038—the American SAFE Act of 2015—by a vote of 289-137.[49] The bill proposed instituting additional screening processes for refugees from Iraq and Syria who applied for admission to the U.S. Rangel voted with 134 Democrats and two Republicans against the bill.[50]

113th Congress

The second session of the 113th Congress enacted into law 224 out of the 3215 introduced bills (7 percent). Comparatively, the 112th Congress had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.[51] For more information pertaining to Rangel's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.[52]

National security

NDAA

Nay3.png Rangel voted in opposition of HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.[53]

DHS Appropriations

Nay3.png Rangel voted in opposition of HR 2217 - the DHS Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 and was largely along party lines.[53]

Keystone Pipeline Amendment

Yea3.png Rangel voted in favor of House Amendment 69, which would have amended HR 3 to "require that the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, in consultation with the Department of Homeland Security, conduct a study of the vulnerabilities of the Keystone XL pipeline to a terrorist attack and certify that necessary protections have been put in place." The amendment failed on May 22, 2013, with a vote of 176 - 239 and was largely along party lines.[53]

CISPA (2013)

Yea3.png Rangel voted in support of HR 624 - the CISPA (2013). The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill permitted federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities.[54] The bill was largely supported by Republicans, but divided the Democratic Party.[53]

Economy

Farm Bill

See also: United States Farm Bill 2013

Nay3.png Rangel voted against the Farm Bill on July 11, 2013. The bill passed in a 216-208 vote.[55] The bill passed included farm policy, but did not include food stamps.[56]

King Amendment

Rangel signed a letter sent to Collin Peterson in August 2013, asking him to keep Steve King's amendment out of the final Farm Bill.[57] The "Protect Interstate Commerce Act" amendment prevents states from applying their own laws on agricultural products to agricultural products from another state.[58] King introduced the amendment in response to a law in California, requiring a larger size cage for egg-producing chickens. King represents Iowa, which is a large egg producer.

Government shutdown

See also: United States budget debate, 2013

Nay3.png On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.[59] At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen. Harry Reid rejected the call to conference.[60] Rangel voted against the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.[61]

Yea3.png The shutdown ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by the Senate. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funded the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by Senate Democrats was to require income verification for Obamacare subsidies.[62] The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming from Republican members. Rangel voted for HR 2775.[63]

Immigration

Morton Memos Prohibition

Nay3.png Rangel voted against House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain individuals residing in the United States without legal status.[64] The vote largely followed party lines.[65]

Healthcare

Repealing Obamacare

Nay3.png Rangel has voted against all attempts to repeal or delay the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.[66]

Social issues

Abortion

Nay3.png Rangel voted against HR 1797 - Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act. The resolution passed the House on June 18, 2013, with a vote of 228 - 196. The purpose of the bill was to ban abortions that would take place 20 or more weeks after fertilization.[67]

Previous congressional sessions

Fiscal Cliff

Yea3.png Rangel voted for the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was one of 172 Democrats who voted in favor of the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257 - 167 vote on January 1, 2013.[68]


Issues

Presidential preference

2016 presidential endorsement

✓ Rangel endorsed Hillary Clinton for the Democratic primary in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.[69]

See also: Endorsements for Hillary Clinton

Political positions

American response in Syria

See also: United States involvement in Syria

On August 29, 2013, 53 House Democrats signed a letter written by California Rep. Barbara Lee that called for a congressional resolution on strikes and cautioned that the situation in Syria "should not draw us into an unwise war—especially without adhering to our constitutional requirements."[70][71] The letter also called on the Obama administration to work with the U.N. Security Council “to build international consensus” condemning the alleged use of chemical weapons. Rangel was one of the 53 Democrats in the House to sign the letter.[70][71]

IRS targeting

On May 10, 2013, news broke that various branches of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) had specifically targeted conservative groups' applications for tax-exempt status beginning during the tea party surge in 2010. The agency was accused of separating tax-exempt applications by searching for political terms such as "tea party" and "patriot." In June 2011, an IRS official was briefed on these transgressions and asked that this practice end according to a timeline created by the agency's inspector general. The flagging continued, however, when the criteria was changed in January 2012 to look out for groups educating on the Constitution and the Bill of Rights.[72]

The targeting included allegations that tea party groups were forced to provide information not asked of other tax exempt groups. Examples of this included requests for donor information, Facebook posts, resumes and political intentions of group officials and connections to other groups.[73][74]

On May 16, IRS Commissioner Steven Miller announced his resignation. He still testified at the hearings the next day.[75]

As a result of this scandal, Republicans and many Democratic members of Congress, including Rangel, publicly called for a deeper investigation into these matters. The House Ways and Means Committee held a hearing on May 17 during which it was disclosed that the Obama administration was made aware of the targeting on June 4, 2012.[76]

On May 20, Senators Max Baucus and Orrin Hatch sent a written inquiry regarding the process for how the agency reviewed applications for tax exempt status. The letter also requested any correspondence between White House officials and the IRS mentioning 501(c) organizations.[77]

During the May 22 House committee hearing on the issue, Lois Lerner, head of the IRS tax-exempt organizations office, declined to answer questions citing her Fifth Amendment right.[78] The next day, May 23, Lerner was placed on administrative leave pending an investigation after Senators John McCain and Carl Levin called on IRS officials to place her on suspension.[79] Lerner retired on September 23, 2013.[80]

Noteworthy events

Comments about the tea party

On August 2, 2013, Rangel compared tea party members to segregationists: "It is the same group we faced in the South with those white crackers and the dogs and the police. They didn’t care about how they looked."[81]

Arrest during immigration protest

See also: Gang of Eight

On October 8, 2013, eight Democratic members of Congress were arrested while attending a protest calling for comprehensive immigration reform in front of the U.S. Capitol.[82]

The eight included Rangel, John Lewis (D-Ga.), Luis Gutierrez (D-Ill.), Keith Ellison (D-Minn.), Raul Grijalva (D-Ari.), Joe Crowley (D-N.Y.), Jan Schakowsky (D-Ill.) and Al Green (D-Texas).[82] The politicians, along with activists who attended an immigration rally on the National Mall, staged a sit-in near the west side of the Capitol.[82] Police arrested the lawmakers, and almost 200 other protesters, for crowding and disrupting the streets around the Capitol.[82]

"My colleagues and I are not afraid to get arrested for what we believe is important to move America forward," Rangel tweeted.[82]

Ethics violations

In December 2010, Rangel received the first congressional censure by the House Ethics Committee in 27 years by a vote of 333-79. He was officially reprimanded for ethics violations that included $500,000 of undisclosed assets and 17 years of unpaid property taxes in the Dominican Republic.[83] On April 22, 2013, Rangel filed a lawsuit in federal court asking for the censure to be overturned. The lawsuit questioned whether or not proper procedure was used in Rangel's censure investigation.[84] A federal judge ruled that the courts did not have jurisdiction in the matter, a decision that was upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States.[85]

Elections

2016

See also: New York's 13th Congressional District election, 2016

Rangel announced that he would be retiring at the end of the 114th Congress and would not be seeking re-election to the U.S. House in 2016. He confirmed his retirement on November 4, 2014, the day of his re-election to the House. He stated, "Today was a historic day and a very emotional day. As I cast my final vote as a candidate on the ballot, I was reminded of why I first ran for Congress 43 years ago."[86]

Rangel's retirement marked the first time in 70 years for the 13th District to have an open seat.[87]

2014

See also: New York's 13th Congressional District elections, 2014

Rangel won in the 2014 election for the U.S. House to represent New York's 13th District. Rangel won the Democratic nomination in the primary on June 24, 2014. He was later added to the Working Families Party line on the ballot as well. He defeated Daniel Vila Rivera (G) in the general election on November 4, 2014.[88]

U.S. House, New York District 13 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngCharles Rangel Incumbent 87.3% 68,396
     Green Daniel Vila Rivera 12.5% 9,806
     N/A Write-in votes 0.2% 151
Total Votes 78,353
Source: New York State Board of Elections, NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns November 4, 2014," accessed August 30, 2021
U.S. House, New York District 13 Democratic Primary, 2014
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngCharles Rangel Incumbent 47.8% 23,799
Adriano Espaillat 43.1% 21,477
Michael A. Walrond Jr. 7.9% 3,954
Yolanda Garcia 1.2% 597
Total Votes 49,827
Source: New York State Board of Elections - Official Election Results

Comments about Espaillat's nationality

In a debate on June 6, 2014, Rangel accused Adriano Espaillat, his challenger in the Democratic primary, of not working hard enough to raise the minimum wage. He went on to say, "I hope somewhere during this debate... [Espaillat] tries to share what the heck has he done besides saying he's a Dominican?"[89] The district has a large latino population, and reporters speculated that this "racially-charged" remark had the potential to hurt Rangel in his bid for re-election. The comment offended Espaillat, who stated, "it saddens me that the congressman has to stoop and lower himself to these types of unfounded attacks."[89]

Endorsements

Rangel's endorsements included the following:

2012

See also: New York's 13th Congressional District elections, 2012

Rangel ran for re-election in 2012. Because of redistricting, Rangel's territory switched from the 15th to the 13th District. The 2012 Democratic primary election presented Rangel's toughest challenge since he defeated the previous incumbent 42 years ago.[100] Rangel was re-elected in November.[101]

U.S. House, New York District 13 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngCharles Rangel Incumbent 90.7% 175,016
     Republican Craig Schley 6.3% 12,147
     Independent Deborah Liatos 2.9% 5,548
     N/A Write-in votes 0.1% 202
Total Votes 192,913
Source: New York State Board of Elections, "NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns Nov. 6, 2012," accessed September 1, 2021
U.S. House, New York District 13 Democratic Primary, 2012
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngCharles B. Rangel Incumbent 43.9% 16,916
Adriano Espaillat 41.3% 15,884
Clyde Williams 10.3% 3,974
Joyce Johnson 3.1% 1,187
Craig Schley 1.4% 545
Total Votes 38,506

State Senator Adriano Espaillat, former Bill Clinton staffer Clyde Williams, former executive Joyce Johnson and former Rangel intern Craig Schley all challenged Rangel in the June 26 Democratic primary.[102][103]

Analysts expected race to come into play, as demographic changes and redistricting meant that the traditionally black district changed to a Hispanic majority.[104] Rangel's foremost challenge came from Espaillat, who was born in the Dominican Republic.[104] While considered a "black politician," Rangel also has Puerto Rican heritage.[100][104]

Two other main issues were Rangel's ethics violations and his extensive term in office. Rangel received censure from the U.S. House in 2010 for failing to report some income.[104] Rangel's challengers also pointed out that the 82-year-old congressman had been in office for over half of his life.[103][104] The incumbent also suffered health problems in the year leading up to the election that kept him out of Washington for significant chunks of time, raising questions about his ability to represent the district.[104] Rangel, however, dismissed these objections: "If I can support the initiatives that we started, how can I possibly sit on the sidelines?"[100]

Ballot contest

While Rangel declared victory on election night with a 6.6 percent lead, his lead shrunk over the next few days as results continued to trickle in. Adriano Espaillat took back his concession and prepared to challenge the final count in court. After that final count was completed on July 7, Espaillat conceded the election for good on July 9, although he and others continued to question the Board of Elections' actions.[105][106]

As of June 28, 2012, 94 percent of precincts had reported, and Rangel's lead in the Democratic primary had shrunk from 6.6 percentage points on election night to 3 percentage points. Challenger Adriano Espaillat was just over 1,000 votes behind Rangel.[107]

As of July 2, Rangel's lead had shrunk to 802 votes.[108] By July 3, Espaillat had filed court documents calling for a recount and possibly a new election.[109] The city Board of Elections had yet to finish counting all of the paper votes.[110]

On Friday, July 6, ballot counts showed Rangel with about a 1,000-vote lead.[111] Espaillat was scheduled to make a case in court on July 11, saying that some ballots for him were incorrectly thrown out, or request a new election altogether.[112][111] Espaillat also faced pressure to choose between pursuing the 13th District race or filing for re-election to his New York State Senate seat on July 12, since New York state law forbids politicians from running for two offices simultaneously.[111]

On July 7, the city Board of Elections finished counting all of the ballots, and Rangel beat Espaillat by 990 votes.[113] The results were not yet official, as a judge delayed certification until Espaillat could make his legal case on July 11. Espaillat planned to argue that some voters were unfairly disenfranchised.[113][112] In a press statement, Espaillat said: "A ballooned number of affidavit ballots and hundreds of calls of people that said they were turned away because they said they couldn’t find them in the books? ... No notification for a voter that there was an election. All these things amounted to a big red flag."[106]

On July 9, Espaillat conceded the race.[105] He opted not to make his case in court, saying "[W]e came up short — 2 percent... It’s virtually impossible for the results to be different."[105] He and other still had doubts about the Board of Elections' handling of the primary, but he decided to leave further presses to advocacy groups.[106][105]

Super PAC involvement

The Super PAC Campaign for Primary Accountability targeted Rangel for defeat in the primary.[100]

Full history


Campaign themes

2012

Rangel listed several of his campaign themes on his website:[135]

“
  • Taxes-I believe that if we are to strengthen our economy, we must create new, good-paying jobs. By extending enhanced expense limits for small businesses and keeping more generous depreciation rules in effect, the recovery legislation will help businesses invest in themselves, allowing them to grow and create new jobs. We also provide businesses with incentives to hire recently discharged, unemployed veterans and disconnected youth so we can reincorporate them into our communities and grow together.
  • Working Families-Our first priority in confronting the economic crisis was making sure that we did not leave millions of unemployed workers without adequate income to pay rent or buy groceries. I was proud to stand with my Democratic Colleagues in passing the HIRE Act to provide a payroll tax credit for companies that hire employees who have been looking for work for 60 days or more.
  • Affordable Housing-Affordable housing is a prioritized issue in New York's 13th Congressional District, which is mostly comprised of high-rise residential buildings. Throughout our community, tenants face an uphill battle with higher rents, fewer services, and negligence or harassment by landlords. Perhaps more importantly, the lack of affordable housing in the area presents a severe threat to our local economy. As such, I have fought to ensure that tenants and prospective New York City residents are provided with proper support needed to finance affordable housing, while strengthening the quality and accessibility of our housing market.
  • Social Security and Medicare-I stand firmly with President Barack Obama in opposing any efforts to privatize these programs. I reject the idea that the future of hard-working Americans should be subject to the volatility of financial markets as some Republicans have advocated. We should not cut taxes for the wealthiest Americans at the expense of gutting the lifeline that helps millions of Americans to survive. I promise to continue opposing any budget proposals that undermine Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid.
  • Education-I strongly believe that we must give every possible amount of support to our students, teachers and educators so that future generations of Americans will have the ability to succeed in a global economy and face the challenges of tomorrow.
  • Immigration-Our immigration policy should be driven by what is in the best interest of this great country and the American worker. Orderly and controlled borders, combined with an effective immigration system designed to meet our needs are important pillars of a healthy and robust economy. We need to act swiftly on immigration legislation that will improve our American workforce.
  • Civil Rights-As a founding member of the Congressional Black Caucus, ensuring equal opportunity and tolerance in our society is very important to me. I believe we should respect everybody regardless of race, gender, religion, nationality, and sexual orientation.
  • HIV/AIDS-I will continue to fight for those afflicted with HIV/AIDS and will work tirelessly until the day we have a cure.
  • Foreign Policy-I believe that as a nation we must maintain a foreign policy that ensures international security, promotes human rights and advances democratic principles worldwide. As part of the global community, we must come together to tackle major challenges that affect all of us, such as: poverty, education, public health, pollution, environment, natural disasters and the global HIV/AIDS epidemic.
  • Veterans-As a veteran of the Korean War, I understand the plight of our soldiers and am committed to ensuring that our veterans are provided the care and opportunity that they so desperately deserve and earned. I consider the G.I. bill following my service in the Korean War to be a turning point in my life. It was the G.I. Bill which transformed me from a high school dropout into a law school graduate. As such, I am committed to giving the brave servicemen and women of today the same opportunity I had to make a change. I firmly believe adequate health and medical care for our veterans are not privileges but sacred rights we must honor.
  • Environment-Protecting the environment is more than merely preserving nature. It is a commitment we must make to promote the health and welfare of all people. In our Manhattan Congressional District and across America, especially in urban communities like our own, the effects of poor air and water quality are of great concern and importance.

[136]

”
—Charles Rangel, http://www.charlierangel.org/issues

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

Charles B. Rangel campaign contribution history
YearOfficeStatusContributionsExpenditures
2014U.S. House (New York, District 13)Won $1,499,955 N/A**
2012U.S. House New York District 13Won $1,461,285 N/A**
2010U.S. House New York District 15Won $2,937,509 N/A**
2008U.S. House New York District 15Won $5,093,239 N/A**
2006U.S. House New York District 15Won $1,995,574 N/A**
2004U.S. House New York District 15Won $1,996,022 N/A**
2002U.S. House New York District 15Won $1,662,322 N/A**
2000U.S. House New York District 15Won $1,977,998 N/A**
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only availabale data.

Personal Gain Index

Congressional Personal Gain Index graphic.png
See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

PGI: Change in net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives
Net Worth Metric graphic.png

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Rangel's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $1,128,015 and $2,495,000. That averages to $1,811,507.50, which is lower than the average net worth of Democratic representatives in 2012 of $5,700,168.36. Rangel ranked as the 156th most wealthy representative in 2012.[137] Between 2004 and 2012, Rangel's calculated net worth[138] increased by an average of 6 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.[139]

Charles Rangel Yearly Net Worth
YearAverage Net Worth
2004$1,231,233
2012$1,811,507
Growth from 2004 to 2012:47%
Average annual growth:6%[140]
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.[141]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). Rangel received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Lawyers/Law Firms industry.

From 1989-2014, 29.51 percent of Rangel's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.[142]

Donation Concentration Metric graphic.png
Charles Rangel Campaign Contributions
Total Raised $23,374,106
Total Spent $23,695,284
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Lawyers/Law Firms$1,664,838
Insurance$1,622,245
Securities & Investment$1,405,848
Real Estate$1,129,385
Health Professionals$1,076,186
% total in top industry7.12%
% total in top two industries14.06%
% total in top five industries29.51%

Analysis

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Rangel was a "far-left Democratic Leader" as of August 2014.[143] This was the same rating Rangel received in June 2013.

Like-minded colleagues

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.[144]

Rangel most often voted with:

Rangel least often voted with:


Lifetime voting record

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, Rangel missed 2,823 of 26,377 roll call votes from January 1971 to September 2015. This amounted to 10.7 percent, which was higher than the median of 2.2 percent among representatives as of September 2015.[143]

Congressional staff salaries

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Rangel paid his congressional staff a total of $1,164,431 in 2011. Overall, New York ranked 28th in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.[145]

National Journal vote ratings

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Click the link above for the full ratings of all members of Congress.

2013

Rangel ranked 109th in the liberal rankings in 2013.[146]

2012

Rangel ranked 43rd in the liberal rankings in 2012.[147]

2011

Rangel ranked 34th in the liberal rankings in 2011.[148]

Voting with party

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Rangel voted with the Democratic Party 94.9 percent of the time, which ranked 38th among the 204 House Democratic members as of August 2014.[149]

2013

Rangel voted with the Democratic Party 95.5 percent of the time, which ranked 38th among the 201 House Democratic members as of June 2013.[150]

2016 Democratic National Convention

Personal

Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Rangel resides with his wife Alma in Harlem, where he was born. They have two adult children and three grandchildren.[159]

Recent news

This section links to a Google news search for the term Charles + Rangel + New York + House


Charles Rangel News Feed

See also

External links


Footnotes

  1. ↑ GovTrack, "Rep. Charles “Charlie” Rangel," accessed January 15, 2015
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "RANGEL, Charles B., (1930 - )," accessed December 17, 2011
  3. ↑ Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "RANGEL, Charles B., (1930 - )," accessed February 12, 2015
  4. ↑ U.S. House of Representatives, Office of the Clerk, "Committee Information," accessed February 20, 2015
  5. ↑ CQ.com, "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress," accessed March 3, 2013
  6. ↑ Congressman Charles B. Rangel, Serving the People of New York's 15th District, "Committees and Caucuses," accessed December 17, 2011 (dead link)
  7. ↑ Committee on Ways and Means, Chairman Dave Camp, "Committee Members," accessed December 17, 2011
  8. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015
  9. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017
  10. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015
  11. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 361," June 12, 2015
  12. ↑ Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015
  13. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 362," June 12, 2015
  14. ↑ Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015
  15. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 374," June 18, 2015
  16. ↑ Politico, "Trade turnaround: House backs new power for Obama," June 18, 2015
  17. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 388," June 24, 2015
  18. ↑ The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015
  19. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015
  20. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015
  21. ↑ The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015
  22. ↑ Congress.gov, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015
  23. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015
  24. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015
  25. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015
  26. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 183," accessed May 5, 2015
  27. ↑ The Hill, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015
  28. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015
  29. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015
  30. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015
  31. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1191 - Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015," accessed May 16, 2015
  32. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 226," accessed May 16, 2015
  33. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 3461," accessed September 11, 2015
  34. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 493," accessed September 11, 2015
  35. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 3460," accessed September 10, 2015
  36. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 494," accessed September 11, 2015
  37. ↑ Congress.gov, "H Res 411," accessed September 10, 2015
  38. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 492," accessed September 10, 2015
  39. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 597," accessed November 2, 2015
  40. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 576," accessed November 2, 2015
  41. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015
  42. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 224," accessed May 26, 2015
  43. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 36 - the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act," accessed May 16, 2015
  44. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "HR 36," accessed May 16, 2015
  45. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1731," accessed November 2, 2015
  46. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 173," accessed November 2, 2015
  47. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1560 - Protecting Cyber Networks Act," accessed November 1, 2015
  48. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 170," accessed November 1, 2015
  49. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 4038 - the American SAFE Act of 2015," accessed November 20, 2015
  50. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 643," accessed November 20, 2015
  51. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013
  52. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 Project Vote Smart, "Representative Rangel's Voting Records on National Security," accessed October 8, 2013
  54. ↑ The Library of Congress, "Bill Summary & Status - 113th Congress (2013 - 2014) - H.R.624," accessed August 27, 2013
  55. ↑ Vote Smart, "Rangel on agriculture," accessed October 8, 2013
  56. ↑ New York Times, "House Republicans Push Through Farm Bill, Without Food Stamps," accessed September 17, 2013
  57. ↑ Vote Smart, "Letter to Ranking Member Collin Peterson, House Committee on Agriculture - Reject Rep. King's Provision on Farm Bill," accessed September 23, 2013
  58. ↑ Time.com, "King Farm Bill Amendment Angers Animal Advocates," accessed September 18, 2013
  59. ↑ Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013
  60. ↑ Buzzfeed, "Government Shutdown: How We Got Here," accessed October 1, 2013
  61. ↑ Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013
  62. ↑ The Washington Post, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013
  63. ↑ U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 550," accessed October 31, 2013
  64. ↑ The Library of Congress, "H.AMDT.136," accessed August 28, 2013
  65. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Representative Rangel's Voting Records on Immigration," accessed October 8, 2013
  66. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Representative Rangel's Voting Records on Issue: Health and Healthcare," accessed October 8, 2013
  67. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Rangel on abortion," accessed October 8, 2013
  68. ↑ U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013
  69. ↑ Politico, "Rangel now ‘Ready for Hillary’ too," November 10, 2014
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 Congresswoman Barbara Lee, "Rep. Barbara Lee and 53 other Democrats sign letter to Obama urging debate on Syria," accessed September 3, 2019
  71. ↑ 71.0 71.1 Washington Post, "More than 50 House Democrats also want Syria strike resolution," accessed September 2, 2013
  72. ↑ USA Today, "IRS knew of Tea Party profiling in 2011, report shows," accessed May 16, 2013
  73. ↑ Politico, "The IRS wants YOU- to share everything," accessed May 16, 2013
  74. ↑ Washington Post, "IRS officials in Washington were involved in targeting of conservative groups," accessed May 16, 2013
  75. ↑ CNN, "'Angry' Obama announces IRS leader's ouster after conservatives targeted," accessed May 16, 2013
  76. ↑ The New York Times, "Treasury Knew of I.R.S. Inquiry in 2012, Official Says," accessed May 17, 2013
  77. ↑ Politico, "Max Baucus and Orrin Hatch expand IRS probe," May 20,2013
  78. ↑ The Washington Post, "Lois Lerner invokes Fifth Amendment in House hearing on IRS targeting," May 22, 2013
  79. ↑ CBS, "IRS official Lois Lerner placed on leave," May 23, 2013
  80. ↑ Wall Street Journal, "Lois Lerner, at Center of IRS Investigation, Retires," accessed December 16, 2013
  81. ↑ Talking Points Memo, "Charlie Rangel: Tea Party Is ‘Same Group’ Of ‘White Crackers’ Who Fought Civil Rights," accessed August 6, 2013
  82. ↑ 82.0 82.1 82.2 82.3 82.4 NBC News, "Democratic lawmakers arrested during immigration protest," accessed October 9, 2013
  83. ↑ Washington Post, "House censures Rep. Charles Rangel in 333-79 vote," December 3, 2010
  84. ↑ Washington Post, "Rangel lawsuit airs ethics’ panel laundry," April 23, 2013
  85. ↑ CBS News, "Supreme Court Won’t Hear Rangel’s Appeal To Overturn Censure," October 5, 2015
  86. ↑ Capital New York, "Rangel on his ‘very emotional’ victory," accessed November 11, 2014
  87. ↑ Gotham Gazette, "Replacing Rangel: Jockeying underway as open 2016 race looms," accessed November 11, 2014
  88. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named huffpost14
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 Business Insider, "Charlie Rangel Makes Racially-Charged Remark During Debate," accessed June 9, 2014
  90. ↑ NY State of Politics, "Schumer Endorses Rangel For Re-Election," accessed April 9, 2014
  91. ↑ Politico, "Bill Clinton supports Charles Rangel in primary," accessed April 24, 2014
  92. ↑ NY Daily News, "DC37 endorses Charles Rangel for Congress," accessed April 28, 2014
  93. ↑ DC37, "About Us," accessed April 28, 2014
  94. ↑ New York Observer, "Rangel Snags Endorsement From Teamsters Union," accessed April 28, 2014
  95. ↑ NY Daily News, "Powerful health care workers union 1199SEIU endorses Rep. Charles Rangel," accessed May 23, 2014
  96. ↑ NY Daily News, "Gov. Cuomo backs Charles Rangel over Adriano Espaillat as voters head to polls," accessed June 24, 2014
  97. ↑ NY Daily News, "Public Advocate Letitia James to endorse Rep. Charles Rangel," accessed June 24, 2014
  98. ↑ NY Daily News, "Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand will endorse Rep. Charles Rangel in re-election bid," accessed June 24, 2014
  99. ↑ New York Observer, "Rangel Touts Union Support After Retail Workers Back Espaillat," accessed June 24, 2014
  100. ↑ 100.0 100.1 100.2 100.3 Roll Call, "Charlie Rangel at Risk in Rough Race," June 13, 2012
  101. ↑ Politico, "2012 Election Map, New York," accessed November 7, 2012
  102. ↑ New York Daily News, "4 candidates for 13th C.D. make hay at Lehman TV debate - but Rangel skips it," June 13, 2012
  103. ↑ 103.0 103.1 NY1 "Sparks Fly Between Rangel, Espillat At ICH Congressional Debate," June 14, 2012
  104. ↑ 104.0 104.1 104.2 104.3 104.4 104.5 NPR "Harlem Icon Faces 'Perfect Storm' In Re-Election Bid," June 13, 2012
  105. ↑ 105.0 105.1 105.2 105.3 New York Times, "Rangel’s Opponent Gives Up And Will Halt Court Challenge," July 9, 2012
  106. ↑ 106.0 106.1 106.2 Politicker, "Adriano Espaillat Won’t Be Giving That Apology to The Board of Elections," July 10, 2012
  107. ↑ Politico, "Rangel results still unsettled," June 28, 2012
  108. ↑ Chicago Tribune, "Rangel rival challenges primary results," July 2, 2012
  109. ↑ Wall Street Journal, "Espaillat seeks recount or new NY primary election," July 3, 2012
  110. ↑ New York Daily News, "Adriano Espaillat vs. Charlie Rangel showdown: Espaillat's lawyer accuses Board of Elections of stonewalling in ballot challenge," July 3, 2012
  111. ↑ 111.0 111.1 111.2 Wall Street Journal, "Rangel Adds To Vote Edge in New Count," July 6, 2012
  112. ↑ 112.0 112.1 New York Times, "Rangel’s Slim Lead Widens as Ballot Count Continues," July 5, 2012
  113. ↑ 113.0 113.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named wsj7
  114. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
  115. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
  116. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
  117. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
  118. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
  119. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
  120. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
  121. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
  122. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994," accessed March 28, 2013
  123. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1992," accessed March 28, 2013
  124. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990," accessed March 28, 2013
  125. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1988," accessed March 28, 2013
  126. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1986," accessed March 28, 2013
  127. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1984," accessed March 28, 2013
  128. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 1982," accessed March 28, 2013
  129. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1980," accessed March 28, 2013
  130. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1978," accessed March 28, 2013
  131. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 1976," accessed March 28, 2013
  132. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1974," accessed March 28, 2013
  133. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1972," accessed March 28, 2013
  134. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1970," accessed March 28, 2013
  135. ↑ Campaign website, "Issues," accessed September 27, 2012
  136. ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
  137. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Charles Rangel (D-NY), 2012," accessed February 18, 2014
  138. ↑ This figure represents the average annual percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or their first year in office (as noted in the chart below) to 2012, divided by the number of years calculated.
  139. ↑ This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.
  140. ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.
  141. ↑ This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.
  142. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Rep. Charles B. Rangel," accessed September 26, 2014
  143. ↑ 143.0 143.1 GovTrack, "Charles Rangel" accessed August 6, 2014
  144. ↑ OpenCongress, "Charles Rangel," accessed August 6, 2014
  145. ↑ LegiStorm, "Charles B. Rangel," accessed October 2, 2012
  146. ↑ National Journal, "2013 Congressional Vote Ratings," accessed August 6, 2014
  147. ↑ National Journal, "2012 Congressional Vote Ratings," accessed March 6, 2013
  148. ↑ National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012
  149. ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014
  150. ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014
  151. ↑ Ballotpedia's list of superdelegates to the 2016 Democratic National Convention is based on our own research and lists provided by the Democratic National Committee to Vox.com in February 2016 and May 2016. If you think we made an error in identifying superdelegates, please send an email to [email protected].
  152. ↑ FiveThirtyEight, “The Endorsement Primary,” accessed July 6, 2016
  153. ↑ To find out which candidate a superdelegate supported, Ballotpedia sought out public statements from the superdelegate in other media outlets and on social media. If we were unable to find a public statement that clearly articulated which candidate the superdelegate supported at the national convention, we listed that superdelegate as "unknown." If you believe we made an error in identifying which candidate a superdelegate supported, please email us at [email protected].
  154. ↑ Congressional Research Service, "The Presidential Nominating Process and the National Party Conventions, 2016: Frequently Asked Questions," December 30, 2015
  155. ↑ CNN, "New York Exit Poll," accessed April 19, 2016
  156. ↑ 156.0 156.1 Democratic National Committee, "2016 Democratic National Convention Delegate/Alternate Allocation," updated February 19, 2016
  157. ↑ The Green Papers, "2016 Democratic Convention," accessed May 7, 2021
  158. ↑ Democratic National Committee's Office of Party Affairs and Delegate Selection, "Unpledged Delegates -- By State," May 27, 2016
  159. ↑ Congressman Charles B. Rangel, Serving the People of New York's 15th District, "Biography," accessed December 17, 2011
Political offices
Preceded by
Michael Grimm 		U.S. House of Representatives - New York, District 13
2013–2017 		Succeeded by
Adriano Espaillat (D)
Preceded by
Bill Green 		U.S. House of Representatives - New York, District 15
1993–2013 		Succeeded by
Jose E. Serrano
Preceded by
Chuck Schumer 		U.S. House of Representatives - New York, District 16
1983-1993 		Succeeded by
José Serrano
Preceded by
Bella Abzug 		U.S. House of Representatives - New York, District 19
1973-1983 		Succeeded by
Mario Biaggi
Preceded by
Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. 		U.S. House of Representatives - New York, District 18
1971-1973 		Succeeded by
Ed Koch
Preceded by
Bill Green 		New York Assembly - District 72
1967-1971 		Succeeded by
George Miller


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