Office of Management and Budget
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Office of Management and Budget | |
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Basic facts | |
Location: | Washington, D.C. |
Top official: | Shalanda Young |
Year founded: | 1970 |
Website: | Official website |
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is a United States executive agency formed in 1970 to, according to its mission statement on its website, "serve the President of the United States in implementing his vision across the Executive Branch." The OMB reports directly to the president and is the largest element of the Executive Office of the President. Among its chief responsibilities are managing the development and execution of the annual federal budget, overseeing federal agencies and executive branch operations, and coordinating and reviewing agency regulations.[1]
President Joe Biden (D) nominated Shalanda Young for director of the OMB on November 24, 2021.[2] The Senate confirmed Young on March 15, 2022, by a 61-36 vote.[3] The position was last held by Russell Vought. Shalanda Young began service as acting director of OMB on March 24, 2021.
Mission
The official OMB website gives the following description of the agency's purpose:[4]
“ | OMB’s mission is to assist the President in meeting policy, budget, management, and regulatory objectives and to fulfill the agency’s statutory responsibilities.[5] | ” |
Background
The present Office of Management and Budget was organized in 1970 under President Richard Nixon. Its predecessor, the Bureau of the Budget, was established in 1921 as an agency of the Treasury Department. In 1939, control of the Bureau of the Budget was transferred from the treasury to the Executive Office of the President. The organization's responsibilities were expanded during the 1990s to include management as well as budgetary roles.[6][7]
Former directors of the OMB who later held higher offices in the federal government include George Shultz (Secretary of State), Caspar Weinberger (Secretary of Defense), Jack Lew (Secretary of the Treasury) and Leon Panetta (Secretary of Defense).[7]
Work
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In addition to assisting the president in developing and implementing the annual federal budget, the OMB oversees executive agency performance, federal procurement, financial management, and information policy, reviews significant regulations issued by executive agencies, coordinates agency communications with Congress, and assists the president with executive orders and presidential memoranda.[1]
Regulatory review process
According to its website, the OMB is responsible for reviewing and coordinating what are deemed "all significant federal regulations by executive agencies," including new and preexisting rules. This responsibility, carried out by the OMB Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), was assigned by President Bill Clinton in a 1993 executive order, E.O. 12866. The office reviews both draft proposals and finalized regulations; this review process includes an examination of the rulemaking agency's analysis of the costs and benefits of its rule. OIRA also attempts to ensure that executive agency policies reflect the priorities of the president.[1]
Leadership
Shalanda Young was confirmed as the director of the Office of Management and Budget on March 15, 2022.
A list of past OMB directors can be viewed below:[7]
Directors of the OMB Full History | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OMB Director | Years in office | Nominated by | Confirmation vote | |||||
George Shultz | 1970-1972 | Richard Nixon | ||||||
Caspar Weinberger | 1972-1973 | Richard Nixon | ||||||
Roy L. Ash | 1973-1975 | Richard Nixon | ||||||
James T. Lynn | 1975-1977 | Gerald Ford | ||||||
Bert Lance | 1977 | Jimmy Carter | ||||||
James T. McIntyre | 1977-1981 | Jimmy Carter | ||||||
David A. Stockman | 1981-1985 | Ronald Reagan | ||||||
James C. Miller III | 1985-1988 | Ronald Reagan | ||||||
Joseph R. Wright, Jr. | 1988-1989 | Ronald Reagan | ||||||
Richard G. Darman | 1989-1993 | George H.W. Bush | ||||||
Leon Panetta | 1993-1994 | Bill Clinton | ||||||
Alice M. Rivlin | 1994-1996 | Bill Clinton | ||||||
Franklin D. Raines | 1996-1998 | Bill Clinton | ||||||
Jack Lew | 1998-2001 | Bill Clinton | ||||||
Mitch Daniels | 2001-2003 | George W. Bush | ||||||
Joshua B. Bolten | 2003-2006 | George W. Bush | ||||||
Rob Portman | 2006-2007 | George W. Bush | ||||||
Jim Nussle | 2007-2009 | George W. Bush | ||||||
Peter Orszag | 2009-2010 | Barack Obama | ||||||
Jack Lew | 2010-2012 | Barack Obama | ||||||
Sylvia Mathews Burwell | 2013-2014 | Barack Obama | 96-0 | |||||
Shaun Donovan | 2014-2017 | Barack Obama | 75-22 | |||||
Mick Mulvaney | 2017-2020 | Donald Trump | 51-49 | |||||
Russell Vought | 2020-2021 | Donald Trump | 51-45 | |||||
Shalanda Young | 2022-Present | Joe Biden | 61-36 |
Note: Votes marked "N/A" represent voice votes or unrecorded votes. Missing votes will be filled as they are researched.
Executive Office of the President
- See also: Executive Office of the President
The Executive Office of the President (EOP) is a group of federal entities responsible for advising and supporting the president's policy agenda and administration. The EOP's composition has changed over time as different presidential administrations have added, transferred, and removed entities from the office.
Under the Biden administration, the EOP included the following 11 offices:
- Council of Economic Advisers
- Council on Environmental Quality
- Domestic Policy Council
- National Economic Council
- National Security Council
- Office of Intergovernmental Affairs
- Office of Management and Budget
- Office of National Drug Control Policy
- Office of Public Engagement
- Office of Science and Technology Policy
- Office of the U.S. Trade Representative
See also
- OMB directors:
- Ballotpedia's administrative state coverage
- Executive Branch portal
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Office of Management and Budget, "The Mission and Structure of the Office of Management and Budget," archived December 19, 2016
- ↑ YouTube, "President Biden Announces OMB Director and Deputy Director Nominees," November 24, 2021
- ↑ Congress, "PN1437 — Shalanda D. Young — Executive Office of the President," accessed March 16, 2022
- ↑ The White House, "Office of Management and Budget," accessed February 26, 2024
- ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ Office of Management and Budget, "Fiscal Year 2017 Budget," archived November 10, 2016
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 AllGov, "Office of Management and Budget, accessed July 13, 2017
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