- Department of Agronomy
Bangladesh Agricultural University
Mymensingh-2202
Bangladesh - +8801718512082
Dr. A K M Mominul Islam
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Agronomy, Faculty Member
- Allelopathy, Allelochemical Compounds, Weed Science, Agronomy, Medicinal Plants, Soil Science, and 17 moreInvasive plants, Precision Agriculture, Organic Farming, Weed Science and allelopathy, Biodiversity, Sustainable agriculture, Ecosystem Services, Agriculture, seed Science and Technology, Population Studies, Yield, Farming Systems and Cropping Systems, Nitrogen, Cereals, Weed-Cereals Competition, Weed Competition, and Bromus Secalinus Competitionedit
- My research directed to ''Allelopathy and allelopathic substances of medicinal plants, Biological activity of natural... moreMy research directed to ''Allelopathy and allelopathic substances of medicinal plants, Biological activity of natural products, Herbicides development from natural products, Organic farming and Precision agriculture...............edit
Herbicide resistance due to the increasing reliance on herbicides is a near-term challenge for the world’s agriculture. This has led to a desire to develop new herbicides with a novel mode of action, to address resistance in weed species.... more
Herbicide resistance due to the increasing reliance on herbicides is a near-term challenge for the world’s agriculture. This has led to a desire to develop new herbicides with a novel mode of action, to address resistance in weed species. Lamiaceae, a large dicotyledonous plant family, is very well known for the multitudinous pharmacological and toxicological properties of its member species. Moreover, many species of this family are significant for their allelopathic activity in natural and laboratory settings. Thus, plants in Lamiaceae have the potential to be sources of alternative herbicides. However, gaps in our knowledge need to be addressed prior to adopting these allelopathic activities in agriculture. Therefore, we review the existing state of knowledge about the Lamiaceae family, the reported allelopathic properties of plant extracts, and their isolated allelochemicals under laboratory, greenhouse, and field conditions. In addition, we offer a perspective on existing chall...
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Grain legumes are important sources of proteins, essential micronutrients and vitamins and for human nutrition. Climate change, including drought, is a severe threat to grain legume production throughout the world. In this review, the... more
Grain legumes are important sources of proteins, essential micronutrients and vitamins and for human nutrition. Climate change, including drought, is a severe threat to grain legume production throughout the world. In this review, the morpho-physiological, physio-biochemical and molecular levels of drought stress in legumes are described. Moreover, different tolerance mechanisms, such as the morphological, physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of legumes, are also reviewed. Moreover, various management approaches for mitigating the drought stress effects in grain legumes are assessed. Reduced leaf area, shoot and root growth, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, CO2 influx, nutrient uptake and translocation, and water-use efficiency (WUE) ultimately affect legume yields. The yield loss of grain legumes varies from species to species, even variety to variety within a species, depending upon the severity of drought stress and several other factors, such as phenology, soil ...
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Growing two or more cultivars of same crop species in mixture reduces intra-specific competition for natural resources and increases competitive ability of crops against weeds and thus enhances crop yield. The objective of this study was... more
Growing two or more cultivars of same crop species in mixture reduces intra-specific competition for natural resources and increases competitive ability of crops against weeds and thus enhances crop yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potentiality of growing rice cultivars in mixtures for minimizing weed pressure and increasing rice yield. The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during Aman season (July-December) 2017. Two transplant Aman rice cultivars viz. Binadhan-13 (tall, late- maturing and fine grain aromatic cultivar) and BRRI dhan49 (semi-dwarf, mid-maturing and coarse grain cultivar) were grown following two spatial arrangements viz., alternate row and alternate hill, and nine different cultivar mixture (Binadhan-13:BRRI dhan49) row ratios viz., 1:0, 1:2, 2:1, 2:3, 3:2, 2:4, 4:2,1:1 and 0:1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications...
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To study the response of Boro rice at differential ages of seedling and spacing under SRI method two ages of seedling viz. 8 and 12-day old seedlings, and six spacing viz. 25cm×25cm, 30cm×30cm, 35cm×35cm, 40cm×40cm, 45cm×45cm and... more
To study the response of Boro rice at differential ages of seedling and spacing under SRI method two ages of seedling viz. 8 and 12-day old seedlings, and six spacing viz. 25cm×25cm, 30cm×30cm, 35cm×35cm, 40cm×40cm, 45cm×45cm and 50cm×50cm were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. 12-day old seedlings exhibited better performance than that of 8-day old seedlings in respect of all crop characters, yield components and yield of BRRI dhan29 in Boro season under SRI technique. Regarding spacing 50cm×50cm was the best in respect of total tillers hill-l, effective tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1 but 25cm×25cm spacing produced the highest grain and straw yields due to more number of effective tillers m-2 and total tillers m-2, respectively. In case of interaction, 12-day old seedlings coupled with 25cm×25cm spacing appeared as the best combination in order to obtain the highest grain and straw yields in Boro season under SRI method.
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A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Aman season, 2006 to find out the influence of mustard oil cake (MOC). In the performance of fine rice Chinigura. The MOC... more
A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Aman season, 2006 to find out the influence of mustard oil cake (MOC). In the performance of fine rice Chinigura. The MOC was applied @ 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1 in three splits at basal, at 15 DAT and at 30 DAT. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Level of mustard oil cake significantly influenced the number of effective tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1, and grain and straw yields. The highest grain yield of 2.69 t ha-1 was obtained when 80 kg MOC t ha-1 was applied, which was identical with the treatment of 120 kg MOC ha-1. This could be due to the cumulative effect of highest number of effective tillers hill-1, and number of grains panicle-1. The lowest one (1.92 t ha-1) was observed when no MOC was applied. On the other hand, application time of MOC significantly influenced all the characters except total tiller...
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The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to find out the effect of seedling storing time between uprooting and transplanting and fertilizer management on yield of Boro... more
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to find out the effect of seedling storing time between uprooting and transplanting and fertilizer management on yield of Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan29) under SRI method. Four duration of storing seedlings after uprooting viz. (i) 30 minutes (SRI recommended), (ii) two hours, (iii) four hours and (iv) eight hours; and five fertilizer management practices viz. (i) BRRI fertilizer management (120-60-40-10-5 kg N,P2O5,K2O, S, Zn ha-1, respectively), (ii) cowdung @ 10 t ha-1, (iii) poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, (iv) 50% of BRRI recommended fertilizer + 50% of the cowdung (v) 50% BRRI recommended fertilizer + 50% of the poultry manure were included in the trial and the experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Time of storing seedlings viz. 30 minutes, 2 hours, 4 hours and 8 hours did not significantly affect the grain and straw yields of Bo...
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The experiment was to observe the effect of integration of fertilizer and manure on the performance of Boro rice under the SRI method. The experiment included ten treatments of rice production method viz. conventional method (CM) with... more
The experiment was to observe the effect of integration of fertilizer and manure on the performance of Boro rice under the SRI method. The experiment included ten treatments of rice production method viz. conventional method (CM) with recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF); CM with cowdung (CD) @15t/ha; CM with CD @5 t/ ha+RDF; SRI+CD @15 t/ha; SRI+CD @10 t/ha; SRI+CD @ 10 t/ha+50% RDF; SRI+CD @ 5 t/ha+100% RDF; SRI+100% RDF; SRI+150% RDF; SRI+100% RDF+ biofertilizer. The results indicated that all crop characters except number of non-bearing tillers/hill, sterile spikelets/panicle and harvest index were significantly influenced due to integration of fertilizer and manure. The SRI method performed better than conventional method. Among the SRI, integration of fertilizer and manure and fertilizer more than 100% of the recommended rate produced the highest grain yield. The results showed that the best option for the cultivation of Surjomoni rice variety under SRI method during the Boro ...
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Mentha sylvestris L. (Lamiaceae), a medicinal herb is well known for many pharmacological and toxicological properties, but very few are known yet about its allelopathic property. Hence, to investigate the allelopathy of M. sylvestris L.,... more
Mentha sylvestris L. (Lamiaceae), a medicinal herb is well known for many pharmacological and toxicological properties, but very few are known yet about its allelopathic property. Hence, to investigate the allelopathy of M. sylvestris L., the aqueous methanol extracts of this plant at four different concentrations were examined on the seedling growth of cress (Lepidum sativum L.); lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.); alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.); rapeseed (Brassica napus L.); timothy (Phleum pratense L.); crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L. scop.); barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). The hypocotyl/coleoptile growth of all test species was significantly inhibited by the plant extracts at concentrations ≥30 mg dry weight equivalent extract/mL except crabgrass, barnyard grass and Italian ryegrass. Conversely, the root growth of all but rapeseed, timothy and crabgrass was significantly inhibited at all the tested concentrations. The inhibit...
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Allelopathy of Leonurus sibiricus L. (Lamiaceae) was examined against the germination of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.), garden cress (Lepidum sativum L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa... more
Allelopathy of Leonurus sibiricus L. (Lamiaceae) was examined against the germination of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.), garden cress (Lepidum sativum L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), and the seedling growth of Italian ryegrass, barnyard grass, timothy (Phleum pratense L.), hairy crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L. scop.), garden cress, lettuce, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). A significant inhibition and/or delay of germination was found in Italian ryegrass, garden cress and lettuce at concentration of 100 mg dry weight equivalent extract/ml. Except the shoot and root growth of barnyard grass, all other test plant species were significantly inhibited by the plant extracts at concentrations ≥30 mg dry weight equivalent extract/ml. Inhibitory activities of the L. sibiricus extracts depended on the concentrations of the extract and test plant species. Considering the concentration required for 5...
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Phytotoxic activity ofOcimum tenuiflorum(Lamiaceae) plant extracts was investigated against the germination and seedling growth of cress (Lepidium sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Italian ryegrass (Lolium... more
Phytotoxic activity ofOcimum tenuiflorum(Lamiaceae) plant extracts was investigated against the germination and seedling growth of cress (Lepidium sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), and timothy (Phleum pratense) at four different concentrations. The plant extracts at concentrations greater than 30 mg dry weight equivalent extract mL−1reduced significantly the total germination percent (GP), germination index (GI), germination energy (GE), speed of emergence (SE), seedling vigour index (SVI), and coefficient of the rate of germination (CRG) of all test species except barnyard grass and GP of lettuce. In contrast, time required for 50% germination (T50) and mean germination time (MGT) were increased at the same or higher than this concentration. The increasing trend ofT50and MGT and the decreasing trend of other indices indicated a significant inhibition or delay of germination ...
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Hyptis suaveolens(Lamiaceae) is an exotic invasive plant in many countries. Earlier studies reported that the aqueous, methanol, and aqueous methanol extract ofH. suaveolensand its residues have phytotoxic properties. However, to date,... more
Hyptis suaveolens(Lamiaceae) is an exotic invasive plant in many countries. Earlier studies reported that the aqueous, methanol, and aqueous methanol extract ofH. suaveolensand its residues have phytotoxic properties. However, to date, the phytotoxic substances of this plant have not been reported. Therefore, the objectives of this study were isolation and identification of phytotoxic substances ofH. suaveolens. Aqueous methanol extract of this plant was purified by several chromatographic runs through bioassay guided fractionation using garden cress (Lepidium sativum) as a test plant. Final purification of a phytotoxic substance was achieved by reverse phase HPLC and characterized as 14α-hydroxy-13β-abiet-8-en-18-oic acid (suaveolic acid) by high-resolution ESI-MS,1H-,13C-NMR, CD, and specific rotation. Suaveolic acid inhibited the shoot growth of garden cress, lettuce (Lactuca sativa), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) at concentrat...
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... N) and unidentified hydrolyzable N (UH-N) fractions which constitute between 28% and 34% of the total soil N. Very little is known about the chemical composition of these fractions except that the N in these materials is not protein... more
... N) and unidentified hydrolyzable N (UH-N) fractions which constitute between 28% and 34% of the total soil N. Very little is known about the chemical composition of these fractions except that the N in these materials is not protein N, peptide N, amino acid N, nor amino sugar N ...
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ABSTRACT Different types of proximal soil sensor are used in precision agriculture to map the apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) to identify the within field soil variability. Most of the work related to map soil properties in... more
ABSTRACT Different types of proximal soil sensor are used in precision agriculture to map the apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) to identify the within field soil variability. Most of the work related to map soil properties in precision agriculture has been conducted in upland crops and not a single work is reported to map the soil properties in a paddy field. Therefore, the present study was conducted to check the potentiality of EM38 proximal soil sensor to map the key soil properties of a paddy field in the alluvial plain of Bangladesh. ECa was measured by EM38 in two measurement mode viz. Horizontal and Vertical dipole mode under dry and wet conditions of the field. Almost all the topsoil (0-30 cm) properties showed no correlation with ECa. But the majority of the subsoil (30-60 cm) and all the deep soil (60-90 cm) properties show significant correlations with ECa values. However, among the measurement conditions, it is observed that EM38 in both Horizontal and Vertical dipole mode under dry condition shows higher potentiality to map the deep soil properties compare to the wet conditions.
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ABSTRACT Ricinus communis and Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae), two biodiesel plants are especially well known for many industrial, pharmacological, and/or toxicological properties, but to date very little is known about their allelopathic... more
ABSTRACT Ricinus communis and Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae), two biodiesel plants are especially well known for many industrial, pharmacological, and/or toxicological properties, but to date very little is known about their allelopathic characteristics. Hence, to explore the allelopathy of both plants, the aqueous methanol extracts of their leaves were examined at five different concentrations (3-, 10-, 30-, 100-, and 300-mg dry weight [DW] equivalent extract/mL) on the seedling growth of cress, lettuce, alfalfa, Italian ryegrass, barnyard grass, and crabgrass, and on the germination of cress and barnyard grass. The bioassay experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. The inhibitory activities of both extracts depends on the concentration and test plant species. Considering the I50 values, the seedling growth of lettuce was most sensitive to both extracts and barnyard grass was least sensitive. At concentration of 300-mg DW equivalent extract/mL, R. communis completely inhibited the germination of both cress and barnyard grass, and the seedling growth of cress, lettuce, Italian ryegrass, and barnyard grass. At the same concentration, complete inhibition on the germination of cress and the seedling growth of lettuce and alfalfa was only observed by J. curcas extracts. These results suggest that both plants have allelopathic properties and may possess allelochemicals. Since R. communis extracts had greater activity than J. curcas against the major crop weeds, this plant could be the best candidate for isolation and identification of allelochemicals, which might promote the discovery of new natural herbicides for sustainable agriculture.© 2013 Taylor & Francis
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ABSTRACT The present research was carried out to investigate the allelopathic activity of Litchi chinensis Sonn., an important exotic fruit plant of subtropical to tropical areas. The aqueous methanol extract of L. chinensis leaves at... more
ABSTRACT The present research was carried out to investigate the allelopathic activity of Litchi chinensis Sonn., an important exotic fruit plant of subtropical to tropical areas. The aqueous methanol extract of L. chinensis leaves at four different concentrations was examined against the germination of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv.), and the seedling growth of cress (Lepidum sativum L.), lettuce, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and barnyard grass. The hypocotyl/coleoptile and root growth of all test plants were significantly inhibited by the extracts at concentrations ≥0.01 g dry weight equivalent (dry wt. eq.) extract mL−1. The inhibitory activities of the extracts were proportional to the extract concentrations. At concentration 0.1 g dry wt. eq. extract mL−1, the extracts completely inhibited the hypocotyls of cress, lettuce and alfalfa, and the root growth of all test plant species. At the same concentration, a complete inhibition of lettuce seed germination and a significant delay of germination on barnyard grass were also observed. The I 50 values for the hypocotyl/coleoptile and root growth of test plants range from 0.002 to 0.079 g dry wt. eq. extract mL−1. These results suggest that L. chinensis leaf extracts possess allelopathic properties and contain allelopathic substances. Therefore, the plant could be used as a candidate for isolation and identification of those active substances, which may explore the interactions of L. chinensis with other neighbouring plants under natural settings. Further, the leaf extracts and/or their residue could be directly used as bioherbicides, or the active substances isolated from this plant may possibly be used as herbicide or templates for new natural, biodegradable herbicide for alternatives of cruel synthetic herbicides in most sustainable manner. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report about the allelopathic activity of L. chinensis. © 2013 Taylor & Francis
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Crop production is a constant battle with weeds, in which weeds, generally, are victorious. Therefore, rather than channeling our efforts into the development of a “silver bullet” to control weeds, the focus should be on sustainable weed... more
Crop production is a constant battle with weeds, in which weeds, generally, are victorious. Therefore, rather than channeling our efforts into the development of a “silver bullet” to control weeds, the focus should be on sustainable weed management in both natural- and agro-ecosystems. However, sustainable weed management can be a challenge in the context of global climate change. Over the past few decades, global climate change, mostly indicated by phenomena such as increased atmospheric temperature and elevated CO2 levels, is evident due to human activities and natural events. These phenomena also affect regional/local climate, resulting in significant influences on the agricultural systems of a particular region. Rising CO2 levels may give comparative advantages to C3 plants through increased photosynthesis, biomass production and yield, compared to C4 plants. Plants with C4 photosynthetic pathways, on the other hand, are likely to benefit more from rising global temperatures tha...
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Weed-competitive rice cultivars, a viable tool for integrated weed management of rice-field weeds, may greatly reduce the weed pressure and excessive dependence on herbicide in controlling weeds. Based on this premise, field experiments... more
Weed-competitive rice cultivars, a viable tool for integrated weed management of rice-field weeds, may greatly reduce the weed pressure and excessive dependence on herbicide in controlling weeds. Based on this premise, field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 during the monsoon and winter rice-growing seasons at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh, to evaluate the weed competitiveness of the selected rice varieties. A total of 42 monsoon and 28 winter rice varieties from Bangladesh were evaluated under “weedy” and “weed-free” conditions in the puddled transplanted system of cultivation. The field experiments were designed with three replications in a randomized complete block design. The results revealed that weed competition greatly reduces the yield of rice, and relative yield loss was 15–68% and 20–50% in monsoon and winter season rice, respectively. The lowest relative yield losses were recorded in monsoon rice from the variet...
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Dry direct seeded boro rice, grown in unpuddled and unsaturated/aerobic soil condition, requires only 50-60% water as compared to traditional flooded transplanted rice, and therefore it could be adopted as a water saving rice cultivation... more
Dry direct seeded boro rice, grown in unpuddled and unsaturated/aerobic soil condition, requires only 50-60% water as compared to traditional flooded transplanted rice, and therefore it could be adopted as a water saving rice cultivation system in boro season of Bangladesh. However, high weed infestation is one of the major constraints in dry direct seeded boro rice. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to study the feasibility of growing different leafy vegetables as intercrop in dry direct seeded boro rice for higher profitability and better weed suppression following a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four leafy vegetables viz., jute, gima kalmi, Indian spinach and red amaranth were intercropped with dry direct seeded boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan28) following three different rice planting patterns such as 50 cm spaced 2 row rice strip, 75 cm spaced 4 row rice strip, and 100 cm spaced 5 row rice strip. Sole rice was also maintained as control. The highest weed density and dry matter were found in Indian spinach intercropping with 50 cm spaced 2 row rice strip which was statistically identical with sole rice and some other intercropping systems. Performance of red amaranth as intercrop was the best in terms of weed suppression followed by jute. Rice yield was the highest (3.8 t ha−1) in sole cropping, and intercropping resulted in significant yield reduction. Although intercropping diminished rice yield, but increased net return and benefit cost ratio (BCR) as compared to rice sole cropping (net return 49,910 Tk ha−1 and BCR 1.58). Among the vegetables, gima kalmi performed the best followed by red amaranth in terms of yield. Red amaranth intercropping following 50 cm spaced 2 row rice strip resulted in highest weed suppression (32% less weed biomass compared to sole rice) while gima kalmi intercropping following 50 cm spaced 2 row rice strip showed the highest net return (2,20,340 Tk ha−1) and BCR (3.30).
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The current research was conducted to investigate the allelopathic properties of 55 medicinal plant species of Bangladesh representing 32 different families. The aqueous leaves or whole plant extract of those plant species was diluted... more
The current research was conducted to investigate the allelopathic properties of 55 medicinal plant species of Bangladesh representing 32 different families. The aqueous leaves or whole plant extract of those plant species was diluted into four different concentrations viz., 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 (w/v) and tested against the seedling growth of Raphanus sativus. A control (distilled water without extract) was also maintained in every cases and the bioassay experiment was replicated thrice. The aqueous extract of all these species inhibited both shoot and root length of R. sativus at concentration greater than 1:15 (w/v) except Delonix regia (Fabaceae) and Leucas aspera (Lamiaceae). The inhibitory activity was concentration dependent and root growth was more sensitive than their shoot. Among the plant species, Citrus aurantifolia (Rotaceae), Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae), Annona muricata (Annonaceae), Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae), Cinnamomum tamala (Lauraceae) and Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) completely (100%) inhibited the shoot and root growth of R. sativus at concentration 1:5 (w/v). Other than this six plant species, 15 out of 49 medicinal plants showed more than 95% shoot and root growth inhibition at the same concentration. The least allelopathic potential plant was Garcinia mangostana (Clusiaceae) that showed on an average 36% growth inhibition followed by Schleichera oleosa (Sapindaceae). Based on these results it can be concluded that among the tested plant species, C. aurantifolia, M. oleifera, A. muricata, A. marmelos, C. tamala, and A. indica are strongly allelopathic and therefore, could be used as potential candidates for the development of eco-friendly natural herbicides.
Proper management practices such as plant spacing and nutrient management are the most effective means for increasing yield of rice. To date no single spacing or nutrient management has been recommended as ideal for all field conditions... more
Proper management practices such as plant spacing and nutrient management are the most effective means for increasing yield of rice. To date no single spacing or nutrient management has been recommended as ideal for all field conditions for a particular variety which must be established experimentally. The current experiment was, therefore, conducted to study the effect of integrated nitrogen management and plant spacing on the growth, yield and yield components of monsoon rice (rainfed transplanted rice) cv. BRRI dhan41. The experiment consisted of the following sets of treatments: factor (A) integrated nitrogen management: control, i.e., no urea super granule (USG), prilled urea (PU) and poultry manure (PM) (T1), 1.8 g USG 4 hill-1 (T2), 2.7 g USG 4 hill-1 (T3), PM at 5 t ha-1 (T4), PM at 7.5 t ha-1 (T5), 1.8 g USG 4 hill-1 + PM at 5 t ha-1 (T6), 2.7 g USG 4 hill-1 + PM at 7.5 t ha-1 (T7), 1.8 g USG 4 hill-1 + PM at 2.5 t ha-1 (T8), 2.7 g USG 4 hill-1 + PM at 3.75 t ha-1 (T9), recommended dose of PU i.e., 240 kg ha-1 (T10), 1/2PU + PM at 5 t ha-1 (T11), full dose of PU + PM at 7.5 t ha-1 (T12), 1/2PU + PM at 2.5 t ha-1 (T13) and full dose of PU + PM at 3.75 t ha-1 (T14); and factor (B) plant spacing: 25 cm × 15 cm (S1) and 25 cm × 20 cm (S2). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Integrated nitrogen management showed significant effect on all the yield and yield contributing characters except number of non-effective tillers hill-1 , panicle length and weight of 1000 grains. The results revealed that the highest grain yield (3.67 t ha-1) was obtained from T6 and the lowest grain yield (1.39 t ha-1) was obtained from T1. All the yield and yield contributing characters were significantly affected by plant spacing except number of total tillers hill-1 , number of non-effective tillers hill-1 , panicle length and weight of 1000 grains. The spacing 25 cm × 20 cm resulted in higher grain yield (3.05 t ha-1) than the spacing 25 cm × 15 cm. Grain yield was affected by the interaction of integrated nitrogen management and plant spacing. The highest grain yield (3.74 t ha-1) was recorded with the interaction between T6 and S2 while the lowest one (1.36 t ha-1) was obtained from T1 and S1 combination. Therefore, for higher yield monsoon rice cv. BRRI dhan41 should be planted following 25 cm × 20 cm spacing and fertilized with 1.8 g USG 4 hill-1 + 5 t ha-1 PM to meet nitrogen requirement.
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Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is more than an eye-catching crop and has been used in number of dishes, beverages and conventional remedy of diseases for centuries. It is popular for its edible fleshy calyces and leaves that are used... more
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is more than an eye-catching crop and has been used in number of dishes, beverages and conventional remedy of diseases for centuries. It is popular for its edible fleshy calyces and leaves that are used for making salads, tea, juices, jams, jellies, ice-cream, and many other products. In many countries of the world fresh calyces of roselle are harvested to produce pro-health drink due to its high vitamin C and anthocyanins contents. But in Bangladesh the roselle leaves and calyces are used as vegetables and its fibre is used as jute substitute. Roselle is also famous for its high nutritional and medicinal values. Nutritional analysis of the calyces of roselle showed that they are high in calcium, iron, niacin and riboflavin. It is also a source of antioxidants, anthocyanins which acts as free radical scavengers and inhibit lipid per-oxidation. Consumption of roselle products such as fresh juice, tea, jam, jelly or in the form of capsule rich in anthocyanin protect human body from the harmful reaction of free radical by antioxidant activity. Roselle is a multipurpose crop and has great potential to increase the income of farmers, producers, processors of Bangladesh by fetching higher market price both from export and local market.
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The research work was conducted to find out the effect of variety, spacing of transplanting and nitrogen (N) rate on the growth, yield and protein content of transplant aman rice. The experiment consisted of three rice varieties: BR11,... more
The research work was conducted to find out the effect of variety, spacing of transplanting and nitrogen (N) rate on the growth, yield and protein content of transplant aman rice. The experiment consisted of three rice varieties: BR11, BRRI dhan49 and BRRI dhan56; two spacings of transplanting: 25 cm × 15 cm and 20 cm × 10 cm; and three N-levels: 0, 60 and 80 kg N ha -1 .
Morpho-physiological characters, yield contributing characters and yield of transplant aman rice were significantly influenced
by variety, spacing of transplanting and N rate. Experimental results indicated that BRRI dhan49 in combination with 25 cm ×
15 cm spacing and 80 kg N ha -1 gives the highest leaf area index, total dry matter content, crop growth rate, number of effective tillers hill -1 and number of grains pancle -1 , and lowest number of sterile spikelets panicle -1 and sterility percentage of grain. These growth and yield parameters attributed the highest grain yield (5.51 t ha -1 ) by this combination. In terms of grain protein content variety BR11 combination with spacing 20 cm × 10 cm with 80 kg N ha -1 appears the highest (9.05%). The value was statistically similar with the combination of BRRI dhan49, 25 cm × 15 cm spacing and 80 kg N ha -1 (8.91%). Therefore, it can be concluded that BRRI dhan49 combined with 25 cm × 15 cm spacing and fertilization with 80 kg N ha -1 appears as the promising practice for the maximization of grain yield and protein content of transplant aman rice.
Morpho-physiological characters, yield contributing characters and yield of transplant aman rice were significantly influenced
by variety, spacing of transplanting and N rate. Experimental results indicated that BRRI dhan49 in combination with 25 cm ×
15 cm spacing and 80 kg N ha -1 gives the highest leaf area index, total dry matter content, crop growth rate, number of effective tillers hill -1 and number of grains pancle -1 , and lowest number of sterile spikelets panicle -1 and sterility percentage of grain. These growth and yield parameters attributed the highest grain yield (5.51 t ha -1 ) by this combination. In terms of grain protein content variety BR11 combination with spacing 20 cm × 10 cm with 80 kg N ha -1 appears the highest (9.05%). The value was statistically similar with the combination of BRRI dhan49, 25 cm × 15 cm spacing and 80 kg N ha -1 (8.91%). Therefore, it can be concluded that BRRI dhan49 combined with 25 cm × 15 cm spacing and fertilization with 80 kg N ha -1 appears as the promising practice for the maximization of grain yield and protein content of transplant aman rice.
Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae) is an exotic invasive plant in many countries. Earlier studies reported that the aqueous, methanol and aqueous methanol extract of H. suaveolens, and its residues have phytotoxic properties. However, to date... more
Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae) is an exotic invasive plant in many countries. Earlier studies reported that the aqueous, methanol and aqueous methanol extract of H. suaveolens, and its residues have phytotoxic properties. However, to date the phytotoxic substances of this plant have not been reported. Therefore, the objectives of this study were isolation and identification of phytotoxic substances of H. suaveolens. Aqueous methanol extract of this plant was purified by several chromatographic runs through bioassay guided fractionation using garden cress (Lepidum sativum) as a test plant. Final purification of a phytotoxic substance was achieved by reverse phase HPLC and characterized as 14α-hydroxy-13β-abiet-8-en-18-oic acid (suaveolic acid) by high-resolution ESI-MS, 1 H-, 13 C- NMR, CD and specific rotation. Suaveolic acid inhibited the shoot growth of garden cress, lettuce (Lactuca sativa), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) at concentrations greater than 30 µM. Root growth of all but lettuce was also inhibited at concentrations greater than 30 µM. The inhibitory activities were concentration dependent. Concentrations required for 50% growth inhibition of suaveolic acid for those test plant species were ranged from 76 – 1155 µM. Therefore, suaveolic acid is phytotoxic and may be responsible for the phytotoxicity of H. suaveolens plant extracts.
Leucas aspera (Lamiaceae), an aromatic herbaceous plant, is well known for many medicinal properties and a number of bioactive compounds against animal cells have been isolated. However, phytotoxic substances from L. aspera have not yet... more
Leucas aspera (Lamiaceae), an aromatic herbaceous plant, is well known for many medicinal properties and a number of bioactive compounds against animal cells have been isolated. However, phytotoxic substances from L. aspera have not yet been documented in the literature. Therefore, current research was conducted to explore the phytotoxic properties and substances in L. aspera. Aqueous methanol extracts of L. aspera inhibited the germination and growth of garden cress (Lepidum sativum) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), and the inhibitory activities were concentration dependent. These results suggest that the plant may have phytotoxic substances. The extracts were then purified by several chromatographic runs. The final purification was achieved by reversed-phase HPLC to give an equilibrium (or inseparable) 3:2 mixture of two labdane type diterpenes (compound 1 and 2). These compounds were characterized as (rel 5S,6R,8R,9R,10S,13S,15S,16R)-6-acetoxy-9,13;15,16-diepoxy-15-hydroxy-16-methoxylabdane (1) and (rel 5S,6R,8R,9R,10S,13S,15R,16R)-6-acetoxy-9,13;15,16-diepoxy-15-hydroxy-16-methoxylabdane (2) by spectroscopic analyses. A mixture of the two compounds inhibits the germination and seedling growth of garden cress and barnyard grass at concentrations greater than 30 and 3 μM, respectively. The concentration required for 50% growth inhibition (I50) of the test species ranges from 31 to 80 μM, which suggests that the mixture of these compounds, are responsible for the phytotoxic activity of L. aspera plant extract. Copyright © 2014 Published by Elsevier GmbH
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Phytotoxic activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum (Lamiaceae) plant extracts was investigated against the germination and seedling growth of cress (Lepidium sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Italian ryegrass (Lolium... more
Phytotoxic activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum (Lamiaceae) plant extracts was investigated against the germination and seedling growth of cress (Lepidium sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), and timothy (Phleum pratense) at four different concentrations. The plant extracts at concentrations greater than 30 mg dry weight equivalent extract mL−1 reduced significantly the total germination percent (GP), germination index (GI), germination energy (GE), speed of emergence (SE), seedling vigour index (SVI), and coefficient of the rate of germination (CRG) of all test species except barnyard grass and GP of lettuce. In contrast, time required for 50% germination (T50) and mean germination time (MGT) were increased at the same or higher than this concentration. The increasing trend of T50 and MGT and the decreasing trend of other indices indicated a significant inhibition or delay of germination of the test species by O. tenuiflorum plant extracts and vice versa. In addition, the shoot and root growth of all test species were significantly inhibited by the extracts at concentrations greater than 10 mg dry weight equivalent extract mL−1. The I50 values for shoot and root growth were ranged from 26 to 104 mg dry weight equivalent extract mL−1. Seedling growth was more sensitive to the extracts compared to seed germination. Results of this study suggest that O. tenuiflorum plant extracts have phytotoxic properties and thus contain phytotoxic substances. Isolation and characterization of those substances from this plant may act as a tool for new natural, biodegradable herbicide development to control weeds.
Copyright © 2014 A. K. M. M. Islam and H. Kato-Noguchi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © 2014 A. K. M. M. Islam and H. Kato-Noguchi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Ricinus communis and Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae), two biodiesel plants are especially well known for many industrial, pharmacological, and/or toxicological properties, but to date very little is known about their allelopathic... more
Ricinus communis and Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae), two biodiesel plants are especially well known for many industrial, pharmacological, and/or toxicological properties, but to date very little is known about their allelopathic characteristics. Hence, to explore the allelopathy of both plants, the aqueous methanol extracts of their leaves were examined at five different concentrations (3-, 10-, 30-, 100-, and 300-mg dry weight [DW] equivalent extract/mL) on the seedling growth of cress, lettuce, alfalfa, Italian ryegrass, barnyard grass, and crabgrass, and on the germination of cress and barnyard grass. The bioassay experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. The inhibitory activities of both extracts depends on the concentration and test plant species. Considering the I50 values, the seedling growth of lettuce was most sensitive to both extracts and barnyard grass was least sensitive. At concentration of 300-mg DW equivalent extract/mL, R. communis completely inhibited the germination of both cress and barnyard grass, and the seedling growth of cress, lettuce, Italian ryegrass, and barnyard grass. At the same concentration, complete inhibition on the germination of cress and the seedling growth of lettuce and alfalfa was only observed by J. curcas extracts. These results suggest that both plants have allelopathic properties and may possess allelochemicals. Since R. communis extracts had greater activity than J. curcas against the major crop weeds, this plant could be the best candidate for isolation and identification of allelochemicals, which might promote the discovery of new natural herbicides for sustainable agriculture.© 2013 Taylor & Francis
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The present research was carried out to investigate the allelopathic activity of Litchi chinensis Sonn., an important exotic fruit plant of subtropical to tropical areas. The aqueous methanol extract of L. chinensis leaves at four... more
The present research was carried out to investigate the allelopathic activity of Litchi chinensis Sonn., an important exotic fruit plant of subtropical to tropical areas. The aqueous methanol extract of L. chinensis leaves at four different concentrations was examined against the germination of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv.), and the seedling growth of cress (Lepidum sativum L.), lettuce, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and barnyard grass. The hypocotyl/coleoptile and root growth of all test plants were significantly inhibited by the extracts at concentrations ≥0.01 g dry weight equivalent (dry wt. eq.) extract mL−1. The inhibitory activities of the extracts were proportional to the extract concentrations. At concentration 0.1 g dry wt. eq. extract mL−1, the extracts completely inhibited the hypocotyls of cress, lettuce and alfalfa, and the root growth of all test plant species. At the same concentration, a complete inhibition of lettuce seed germination and a significant delay of germination on barnyard grass were also observed. The I 50 values for the hypocotyl/coleoptile and root growth of test plants range from 0.002 to 0.079 g dry wt. eq. extract mL−1. These results suggest that L. chinensis leaf extracts possess allelopathic properties and contain allelopathic substances. Therefore, the plant could be used as a candidate for isolation and identification of those active substances, which may explore the interactions of L. chinensis with other neighbouring plants under natural settings. Further, the leaf extracts and/or their residue could be directly used as bioherbicides, or the active substances isolated from this plant may possibly be used as herbicide or templates for new natural, biodegradable herbicide for alternatives of cruel synthetic herbicides in most sustainable manner. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report about the allelopathic activity of L. chinensis. © 2013 Taylor & Francis
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Allelopathy of Leonurus sibiricus L. (Lamiaceae) was examined against the germination of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.), garden cress (Lepidum sativum L.) and lettuce (Lactuca... more
Allelopathy of Leonurus sibiricus L. (Lamiaceae) was examined against the germination of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.), garden cress (Lepidum sativum L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), and the seedling growth of Italian ryegrass, barnyard grass, timothy (Phleum pratense L.), hairy crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L. scop.), garden cress, lettuce, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). A significant inhibition and/or delay of germination was found in Italian ryegrass, garden cress and lettuce at concentration of 100 mg dry weight equivalent extract/ml. Except the shoot and root growth of barnyard grass, all other test plant species were significantly inhibited by the plant extracts at concentrations ≥30 mg dry weight equivalent extract/ml. Inhibitory activities of the L. sibiricus extracts depended on the concentrations of the extract and test plant species. Considering the concentration required for 50% inhibition (IC50 values), the shoot growth of lettuce and the root growth of timothy were most sensitive to the extracts, whereas shoot of hairy crabgrass and root of Italian ryegrass were least sensitive. Results of this study suggest that L. sibiricus have allelopathic properties and may possess allelopathic substances. Copyright ©2014 WFL Publisher
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Mentha sylvestris L. (Lamiaceae), a medicinal herb is well known for many pharmacological and toxicological properties, but very few are known yet about its allelopathic property. Hence, to investigate the allelopathy of M. sylvestris L.,... more
Mentha sylvestris L. (Lamiaceae), a medicinal herb is well known for many pharmacological and toxicological properties, but very few are known yet about its allelopathic property. Hence, to investigate the allelopathy of M. sylvestris L., the aqueous methanol extracts of this plant at four different concentrations were examined on the seedling growth of cress (Lepidum sativum L.); lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.); alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.); rapeseed (Brassica napus L.); timothy (Phleum pratense L.); crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L. scop.); barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). The hypocotyl/coleoptile growth of all test species was significantly inhibited by the plant extracts at concentrations ≥30 mg dry weight equivalent extract/mL except crabgrass, barnyard grass and Italian ryegrass. Conversely, the root growth of all but rapeseed, timothy and crabgrass was significantly inhibited at all the tested concentrations. The inhibitory activity of the extracts was concentration and species dependent, and the root growth of all test plant species was more sensitive to the extracts than the hypocotyls/coleoptiles. Considering I 50 value the hypocotyl growth of lettuce and the root growth of timothy were the most sensitive to the extracts, whereas both the coleoptile and root growth of barnyard grass were the least sensitive. Results of this study suggest that M. sylvestris have allelopathic property and may possess allelochemicals. Therefore, this plant could be used as a potential candidate for isolation and identification of allelochemicals, which may promote the development of new natural herbicides for sustainable weed management strategies. © 2013 Friends Science Publishers
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The present study was conducted to explore the allelopathy of Hyptis suaveolens Poit, an important medicinal plant of Lamiaceae family. The aqueous methanol extracts of this plant at four different concentrations (3, 10, 30 and 100 mg dry... more
The present study was conducted to explore the allelopathy of Hyptis suaveolens Poit, an important medicinal plant of Lamiaceae family. The aqueous methanol extracts of this plant at four different concentrations (3, 10, 30 and 100 mg dry weight [DW] equivalent extract/mL), were examined on the seedling growth of eight test plant species, cress (Lepidum sativum L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.), crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L. scop.), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and on the germination of cress and Italian ryegrass. The germination of cress, Italian ryegrass and the growth of all eight test species were significantly inhibited by the H. suaveolens plant extracts at a concentration greater than 3, 30 and 10 mg DW equivalent extract/mL, respectively. The inhibitory activity of the extracts was concentration dependent. The root growth of all the test plants was more sensitive to the extracts than the hypocotyl/coleoptile growth of those. The concentrations required for 50% inhibition (defined as I50 ) of the hypocotyl/coleoptile and root growth of the eight test plant species range from 9.3–79.3 and 4.9–29.5 mg DW equivalent extract/mL, respectively. The hypocotyl growth of lettuce and the root growth of crabgrass were most sensitive to the extract, whereas coleoptile growth of barnyardgrass and the root growth of alfalfa were the least sensitive. The inhibitory activities of the H. suaveolens on the germination and growth of the test plant species suggest that the plant has allelopathic potentiality and may possess allelochemicals. These allelochemicals might be responsible for the restricted growth of other plant species near their colony in natural ecosystems. However, isolation and identification of these allelochemicals from H. suaveolens plant extracts could serve as the lead for new natural herbicides development for sustainable weed management strategies.© 2013 United Arab Emirates University
Research Interests:
Uninterrupted application of synthetic herbicides to control barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. ) makes them resistance against many herbicides with different mode of action. To overcome this problem, many researchers... more
Uninterrupted application of synthetic herbicides to control barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. ) makes them resistance against many herbicides with different mode of action. To overcome this problem, many researchers are interested in searching new novel natural compounds in medicinal plants to develop natural herbicides. Plants belongs to the Labiatae family attracted the attention of many researchers in pharmacological interest because of their toxic potential and medicinal properties. However, there is very limited information available for the allelopathy of this family. To explore the allelopathic potential of the aqueous methanol extract of five Labiatae plants: Leucas aspera L., Leonurus sibiricus L., Ocimum tenuiflorum L., Mentha sylvestris L. and Hyptis suaveolens L. were tested against barnyard grass at four different concentrations (3, 10, 30 and 100 mg DW equivalent extract/mL). The root growth was more sensitive to the plant extracts than the coleoptile growth and the inhibitory activities were concentration dependent. At the concentration of 100 mg DW equivalent extract/mL, L. aspera and H. suaveolens plant extractsstrongly inhibited the seedling growth of barnyard grass. However, at the same concentration the lowest inhibition was observed in case of O. tenuiflorum plant extract. Among the plant extracts, the seedling growth of barnyard grass was most susceptible to L. aspera plant followed by H. suaveolens to confirm 50% coleoptile and root growth inhibition (defined as I 50 ), whereas that of barnyard grass was less susceptible to O. tenuiflorum. These results suggest that L. aspera and H. suaveolens possess strong allelopathic potential and therefore, could be used as the good candidates for isolation and identification of allelochemicals to develop environment friendly new natural herbicides to control barnyard grass. © 2013 Southern Cross Publishing Group
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Excessive use of herbicide in the crop field threatens the environment by destroying flora and fauna. Allelopathic substances could be act as substitutes of chemical herbicides to suppress the target plants. Leucas aspera (Willd.) Linn.,... more
Excessive use of herbicide in the crop field threatens the environment by destroying flora and fauna. Allelopathic substances could be act as substitutes of chemical herbicides to suppress the target plants. Leucas aspera (Willd.) Linn., a herbaceous plant has already provided tangible evidence of its potential with remedies for different sorts of medical problems, but still now, not a single work is reported related to its allelopathic activity. Hence, to explore the allelopathy of L. aspera, the aqueous methanol extracts of this plant at four different concentrations (3, 10, 30 and 100 mg dry weight equivalent extract mL–1) were tested against seven test plant species, namely cress (Lepidum sativum L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli L.), jungle rice (Echinochloa colonum L. Link) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The aqueous methanol extract of L. aspera significantly inhibited the seedlings growth of all the test plant species at different inhibition levels. The root growth was more sensitive than the shoot growth to the plant extract and the inhibitory activity was concentration dependent. Comparing the extract concentrations required for 50% inhibition, the seedlings growth of timothy was most sensitive to the extract, whereas jungle rice was less sensitive. These results indicated that L. aspera may contain growth inhibitory substances and possess allelopathic activity. Therefore, L. aspera could be used as a potential candidate for isolation and identification of allelochemicals, which can lead to the development of ecologically acceptable bio-herbicides used for sustainable agriculture.© 2012 idosi Publishing Group
Research Interests: Agronomy and Allelopathy
The present study was undertaken to investigate the allelopathic potential of three mango (Mangifera indica) cultivars: Khirshapat, Himsagor and Sinduri. The aqueous methanol extracts of leaves at four different concentrations were... more
The present study was undertaken to investigate the allelopathic potential of three mango (Mangifera indica) cultivars: Khirshapat, Himsagor and Sinduri. The aqueous methanol extracts of leaves at four different concentrations were examined against germination and seedling growth of cress (Lepidum sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), Italian rye grass (Lolium multiflorum), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and timothy (Phleum pratense). The germination and seedling growth of all test plant species were inhibited significantly by selected mango leaf extracts at concentrations greater than 0.01 g dry weight (DW) equivalent extract mL-1. The inhibitory activities of the extracts were proportional to the extract concentrations. At 0.1 g DW equivalent extract mL-1, a significant delay or complete inhibition of germination were observed on all test plant species except for Sinduri extracts on barnyard grass. Alternatively, all extracts showed more than 70% hypocotyl/coleoptile and root growth inhibition of all test plant species except barnyard grass at the same concentration. The concentration required for 50% growth inhibition (I50) on the hypocotyls/coleoptiles and roots of the test plants ranged from 0.003-0.103 g DW equivalent extract mL-1. These results suggest that all three mango cultivars have allelopathic properties and thus allelopathic substances. As no prominent differences in the inhibitory activity were found among the three mango cultivars, all of them might be useful candidates for isolation and identification of allelopathic substances which may lead the basis for new natural herbicides development.
Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 12/2013; 12(6-8):252-261.
Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 12/2013; 12(6-8):252-261.
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An experiment was conducted aiming to find out the seed production potentiality of 19 local and exotic onion cultivars. The analysis of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes for all characters except sprouting... more
An experiment was conducted aiming to find out the seed production potentiality of 19 local and exotic onion cultivars. The analysis of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes for all characters except sprouting percentage, number of flowers per umbel and number of umbel per bulb. Maximum number of days to 50% bolting (52.67) was exhibited by the genotype G2 and minimum by G6 (27.00 days). The larger bulb size after harvest was obtained from G14 and G19 (18.11 g). Genotypes G4 and G11 required the maximum (16.66) and the minimum (9.00) days for 100% sprouting, respectively. The highest stalk length was found in the genotype G1 (67.23 cm) and the lowest in G8 (38.47 cm). Maximum number (5.75) of stalk was produced by the genotype G7 and minimum number (2.09) of stalk by the genotype G11. The genotype G1 produced the highest number of seeds per umbel (1395.92) and seed yield per plant (4.29 g). The lowest (0.45 g) seed yield per plant and maximum bulb weight was obtained by the genotype G8.
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Nitrogen (N) is the most yield limiting nutrient for paddy soils, an advanced knowledge about N behaviour, soil organic matter and their measurement and analysis should be known to optimize the yield through efficient mineral N fertilizer... more
Nitrogen (N) is the most yield limiting nutrient for paddy soils, an advanced knowledge about N behaviour, soil organic matter and their measurement and analysis should be known to optimize the yield through efficient mineral N fertilizer use. This paper aims to summarize published information on prediction of N mineralization in the paddy field. This review has been prepared by comprehensive studies of various published articles, books, proceedings and available in the libraries and online. N in the soil is largely organic, and mineralization of soil organic N is a key process for the supply of N to paddy soils because half to two-third of total nitrogen taken up by rice crops even in N fertilized rice paddies comes from the soil N pool. The need to estimate and predict N mineralization has long been recognized in making N fertilizer recommendations, but, till now there is no consistent methodology to estimate N mineralization and still soil scientists have keen interest to find out the reliable, accurate and easily measurable parameters that can predict N mineralization. Particularly for (sub) tropical soils little work has been done within this frame and even less is known on the prediction of N mineralization in paddy soils. Several physical and chemical analysis methods proposed in the literature to measure and predict mineralizable N. Recently soil organic matter fractionation methods are also practiced which are comparatively simple and easy than others. A number of approaches have been used to model and thus describe N mineralization kinetics in soils. This paper reviewed and presented a comparative description of some approaches for predicting N mineralization in the paddy soil.
Research Interests: Soil Science and Agronomy
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to December 2006 in order to study the effect of spacing and poultry manure based integrated plant... more
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to December 2006 in order to study the effect of spacing and poultry manure based integrated plant nutrient management in SRI method on the yield and yield components of transplant aman rice cv. BRRI dhan41. The experiment included three spacings viz. 25 cm × 15cm (conventional spacing), 30 cm × 30cm (SRI close spacing) and 40 cm × 40 cm (SRI wide spacing), and seven poultry manure based integrated fertilizer (NPKSZn) management viz. control i.e. without fertilizer (F1), 100% NPKSZn i.e. recommended dose of fertilizer (80, 26, 33, 11 and 2 kg ha-l of N, P, K, S and Zn, respectively) (F2), 5 t ha-1 of poultry manure (F3), 50% NPKSZn +5 t ha-1 of poultry manure (F4), 50% NPKSZn + 2.5 t ha-1 of poultry manure (F5),75% NPKSZn + 5 t ha-1 of poultry manure (F6) and75% NPKSZn + 2.5 t ha-1of poultry manure (F7). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Conventional spacing (25 cm × 15 cm) was found to be the best in terms of grain and-straw yields. Regarding nutrient management, 75% NPKSZn + 5 t ha-1 of poultry manure was found to be the highest grain yielder due to more number of tillers unit-1 area. In case of interaction, yield and yield components of the crop such as total tillers m-2, effective tillers m-2, grain yield and straw yield were highest in conventional spacing × 100% NPKSZn among which total tillers m-2, effective tillers m-2, and grain yield were similar to conventional spacing × 50% NPKSZn with 5 t ha-1 of poultry manure and effective tillers m-2 and grain yield were at par with conventional spacing × 75% NPKSZn with 5 t ha-1 of poultry manure. Therefore, conventional spacing of 25 cm × 15 cm in combination with 50% NPKSZn and 5 t ha-1 of poultry manure appeared as the best practice for transplant Aman rice cultivation in SRI method because it not only reduced the production cost but also had a long term impact on the improvement of soil properties.
Research Interests:
A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Aman season, 2006 to find out the influence of mustard oil cake (MOC). In the performance of fine rice Chinigura. The MOC... more
A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Aman season, 2006 to find out the influence of mustard oil cake (MOC). In the performance of fine rice Chinigura. The MOC was applied @ 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1 in three splits at basal, at 15 DAT and at 30 DAT. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Level of mustard oil cake significantly influenced the number of effective tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1, and grain and straw yields. The highest grain yield of 2.69 t ha-1 was obtained when 80 kg MOC t ha-1 was applied, which was identical with the treatment of 120 kg MOC ha-1. This could be due to the cumulative effect of highest number of effective tillers hill-1, and number of grains panicle-1. The lowest one (1.92 t ha-1) was observed when no MOC was applied. On the other hand, application time of MOC significantly influenced all the characters except total tillers hill-1, effective tillers hill-1, and 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield (2.50 t ha-1) was recorded when MOC was applied at 15 DAT that was statistically identical with basal application. This could be due to the cumulative effect of highest number of effective tillers hill-1, and number of grains panicle-1. The lowest one (2.33 t ha-1) was observed when MOC was applied at 30 DAT. Interaction between level of MOC and application time of MOC significantly influenced all-the characters except panicle length, grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight and harvest index. The highest grain yield of 2.94 tha-1 was obtained from the combination of 80 kg MOC ha-1×15 DAT. From the economic view point, the highest net profit (Tk 13612.1 t ha-l) and the highest benefit cost ratio (1.34) were obtained when MOC was applied 80 kg ha-1. Therefore, application of MOC @ 80 kg ha-1 at 15 DAT appears to be the best package of Chinigura variety from both yield and economic viewpoints.
Research Interests:
An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to December 2005 in order to examine the effect of combined level of poultry manure and inorganic fertilizer on two... more
An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to December 2005 in order to examine the effect of combined level of poultry manure and inorganic fertilizer on two varieties of transplant aman rice viz.(i) BRRI dhan31 and (ii) BRRI dhan32. The combined level of poultry manure and inorganic fertilizer treatments were (i) control (no poultry manure and inorganic fertilizers) (Mo); (ii) poultry manure at 5 t ha-1 (M1); (iii) 100% NPKSZn i.e. recommended dose of fertilizers (80,60,40,60, 10 kg N, P2O2, K2O, gypsum and ZnSO4 ha-1, respectively) (M2); (iv) so% N p K S Zn + poultry manure 2.5 tha-l (M3); (v) 50% NPKSZn + poultry manure 5t ha-1 (M4); (vi) 75% NPKSZn + poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 (M5); (vii) 75%NPKSZn+poultry manure 5 t ha-1 (M6). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The performance of BRRI dhan31 was better regarding grains panicle-1 (149.17), grain yield (4.36 t ha-l), 1000-grain weight (23.589) and harvest index (40.18%) than that of BRRI dhan32. But both the variety (BRRI dhan31 and BRRI dhan32) performed the best in respect of yield and yield parameters in 5 t ha-1 of poultry manure coupled with 75% NPKSZn. Thus transplant aman rice (variety BRRI dhan31 and BRRI dhan32) can be cultivated successfully with 25% reduction of recommended fertilizers when poultry manure will be applied at 5 t ha-1.
Research Interests:
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to find out the effect of seedling storing time between uprooting and transplanting and fertilizer management on yield of Boro... more
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to find out the effect of seedling storing time between uprooting and transplanting and fertilizer management on yield of Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan29) under SRI method. Four duration of storing seedlings after uprooting viz. (i) 30 minutes (SRI recommended), (ii) two hours, (iii) four hours and (iv) eight hours; and five fertilizer management practices viz. (i) BRRI fertilizer management (120-60-40-10-5 kg N,P2O5,K2O, S, Zn ha-1, respectively), (ii) cowdung @ 10 t ha-1, (iii) poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, (iv) 50% of BRRI recommended fertilizer + 50% of the cowdung (v) 50% BRRI recommended fertilizer + 50% of the poultry manure were included in the trial and the experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Time of storing seedlings viz. 30 minutes, 2 hours, 4 hours and 8 hours did not significantly affect the grain and straw yields of Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan29). BRRI recommended fertilizer management produced the highest grain yield (8.21 t ha-1) followed by 50% of the BRRI recommended fertilizer + 50% of the poultry manure (7.35 t ha-1;. The lowest grain yield (4.86 t ha-1) was obtained with cowdung at 10 t ha-1. Grain and straw yields were not significantly affected by the interaction between time of seedling storing and fertilizer management.
Research Interests:
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202 in order to find out the effect of age of seedlings and date of transplanting on the performance of Boro rice (cv. BRRI... more
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202 in order to find out the effect of age of seedlings and date of transplanting on the performance of Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan29). Three levels of age of seedlings viz.; i) 8-day old seedlings ii) 12-day old seedlings iii) 45-day old seedlings, and eight dates of transplanting viz.; i) 1 December ii) 15 December iii) 30 December iv) 15 January v) 30 January vi) 15 February vii) 2 March and viii) 16 March were arranged in a randomized complete block design. Single seedlings were transplanted hill-1 with a spacing of 30 cm × 30 cm. It was observed that age of seedlings exerted significant effect on yield and yield components except number of non-effective tillers hill-1, panicle length and 1000-grain weight. The 12-day old seedlings produced the highest grain yield (6.36 tha-1) than 8-day and 45-day old seedlings. The lowest grain yield (5.54 t ha-1) was obtained from 45-day old seedlings. The highest grain yield was obtained due to the highest number of effective tillers hill-1 and the highest number of grains panicle-1. The date of transplanting had significant effect on crop characters, yield components and yield except number of non-effective tillers hill-1, panicle length, 1000-grain weight and straw yield. The highest grain yield (8.46 t ha-1) was obtained when the crop was transplanted on 15 January but the lowest grain yield (1.64 t ha-1) was produced when seedlings were transplanted on 16 March. Grain yield was not significantly affected by the interaction between age of seedlings and date of transplanting.
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Several weed control methods were evaluated in a field experiment to test their efficiencies in terms of controlling weed and economics in transplant aman rice cv. BRRI dhan32. Weed control treatments included in the study were no... more
Several weed control methods were evaluated in a field experiment to test their efficiencies in terms of controlling weed and economics in transplant aman rice cv. BRRI dhan32. Weed control treatments included in the study were no weeding, one hand weeding, two hand weeding, one hand weeding + one weeding with Japanese Rice Weeder (JRW), Rifit @ 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 L ha-1 and Ronstar @ 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L ha-1. Higher doses of Rifit (1.25 L ha-1) and Ronstar (2.5 Lha-1 showed the best performance in reducing weed density and weed dry weight. The highest grain yield of rice (5.04 t ha-1; was obtained from Ronstar 2.0 L ha-1 which was identical to Rifii 1.0 L ha-1 (4.93 t ha-1): The highest net income of Tk.38915 ha-1 was obtained from Ronstar @ 2.0 L ha-1 and the next highest from Rifit @1.0 L ha-1. Important weed species found to infest the crop were Angta (Panicum repens), Acid ghash (Ammania baccifera L.), Nakphulee (Cyperus difformis), Khudeyshama (Echinochloa colonum) and Panikachu (Monochoria vaginalis). Shama (Echinochloa crusgalli) as the least important species.
Research Interests: Agronomy and Weed Science
The optimization of the mineral nutrition is the key to optimize the production of groundnut, as it has very high nutrient requirement and the recently released high yielding varieties take away still more nutrients from the soil. On... more
The optimization of the mineral nutrition is the key to optimize the production of groundnut, as it has very high nutrient requirement and the recently released high yielding varieties take away still more nutrients from the soil. On contrary severe mineral nutrient deficiencies due to inadequate and imbalance use of nutrients is one of the major factors responsible for low yield in groundnut. Thus, to observe the effect of Phosphorus (P), Calcium (Ca) and Boron (B) on the growth and yield of groundnut cv. BARI Cheenabadam 7, fertilizer doses of P (P0=0, P1= 25 and P2=50 kg ha-1), Ca (Ca0=0, Ca1=110 and Ca2= 165 kg Ca ha-1) and B (0, 2 and 2.5 kg ha-1 ) were used. Among the growth parameters plant height, number of branches plant-1, dry weight plant-1 , LAI and CGR were highest at 100 DAS in P2× Ca1× B2 treatment combination. Among the yield attributing characters number of total pods plant-1 was highest for P1× Ca2× B2, 100 pod weight plant -1for P1× Ca2× B1, shelling percentage, pod yield, biological yield, straw yield and harvest index for P2× Ca1× B2. The lowest values of all these parameters were found at control treatment. The combined
dose of P2, Ca1 and B2 produced the highest values for almost all the above parameters. Thus, it can be concluded that the fertilizer level for P, Ca and B should be 50 kg ha-1, 110 kg ha-1 and 2.5 kg ha-1, respectively for obtaining the highest yield of groundnut under this particular soil.
dose of P2, Ca1 and B2 produced the highest values for almost all the above parameters. Thus, it can be concluded that the fertilizer level for P, Ca and B should be 50 kg ha-1, 110 kg ha-1 and 2.5 kg ha-1, respectively for obtaining the highest yield of groundnut under this particular soil.
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The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to delineate proper management of water and fertilizer to obtain maximum yield of Boro rice. Two levels of water management viz.... more
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to delineate proper management of water and fertilizer to obtain maximum yield of Boro rice. Two levels of water management viz. (i) SRI water management (moist soil, water at field capacity) and (ii) BRRI water management (5-6cm standing water), and five fertilizer management practices viz. (i) BRRI fertilizer managements (120,60,40, 10, 5kg N, P2O5, K2O, S and Zn kg ha-1, respectively), (ii) cowdung @ 10 t ha-1, (iii) poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, (iv) 50% of BRRI recommended fertilizer + 50% of the cowdung, (v) 50% BRRI recommended fertilizer + 50% poultry manure were arranged in split-plot design with three replications. The results showed that SRI water management produced higher grain and straw yields than that of BRRI water management. Number of total tillers hill-1, bearing tillers hill-1, total spikelets panicle-1 and sterile spikelets pahicle-1 gave similar trends to that of grain and straw yields. BRRI recommended fertilizer management produced the highest grain yield and the second highest grain yield was obtained in 50% of the BRRI recommended fertilizer + 50% of the poultry manure. The lowest grain yield was obtained in cowdung @ 10 t ha-1. In terms of interaction, SRI water management in combination with BRRI fertilizer management produced the highest grain yield and the second highest grain yield was obtained in BRRI water management × BRRI fertilizer management and in SRI water management × 50% BRRI fertilizer management + 50% of the poultry manure. The lowest grain yield was found in BRRI water management × cowdung @ 10 t ha-1
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Jatropha carcus is an important plant for the commencement of energy plantation. Jatropha can be grown in marginal, degraded, waste lands in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is a partially domesticated plant hence... more
Jatropha carcus is an important plant for the commencement of energy plantation. Jatropha can be grown in marginal, degraded, waste lands in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is a partially domesticated plant hence development of high yielding cultivars and package of management practices needs prime importance. The most important use propagation is to produce high quality planting materials. Jatropha can propagate through seeds, cuttings and tissue culture. Due to poor seed germination, short viability and high heterozygosity seed propagation may not produce high quality planting materials. On the other hand propagation through vegetative means or micropropagation can be the most effective alternatives to produce quality seedlings with desirable traits for higher seed and oil yield. Vegetative propagation has inimitable significance to maintain homogeneity among the progeny and provide early production.
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Different types of proximal soil sensor are used in precision agriculture to map the apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) to identify the within field soil variability. Most of the work related to map soil properties in precision... more
Different types of proximal soil sensor are used in precision agriculture to map the apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) to identify the within field soil variability. Most of the work related to map soil properties in precision agriculture has been conducted in upland crops and not a single work is reported to map the soil properties in a paddy field. Therefore, the present study was conducted to check the potentiality of EM38 proximal soil sensor to map the key soil properties of a paddy field in the alluvial plain of Bangladesh. ECa was measured by EM38 in two measurement mode viz. Horizontal and Vertical dipole mode under dry and wet conditions of the field. Almost all the topsoil (0-30 cm) properties showed no correlation with ECa. But the majority of the subsoil (30-60 cm) and all the deep soil (60-90 cm) properties show significant correlations with ECa values. However, among the measurement conditions, it is observed that EM38 in both Horizontal and Vertical dipole mode under dry condition shows higher potentiality to map the deep soil properties compare to the wet conditions.
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The experiment was conducted to see the effect of spacing and poultry manure (PM) based integrated plant nutrient management in SRI method on the growth and yield of transplant aman rice. The experiment included three spacings viz.... more
The experiment was conducted to see the effect of spacing and poultry manure (PM) based integrated plant nutrient management in SRI method on the growth and yield of transplant aman rice. The experiment included three spacings viz. 25cm×15cm (conventional spacing), 30cm×30cm and 40cm×40cm, and seven PM based integrated fertilizer (NPKSZn) management viz. control i.e. without fertilizer, 100% NPKSZn i.e. recommended dose of fertilizer by BRRI [80, 26, 33, 11 and 2 kg/ha of N, P, K, S and Zn, respectively], 5 t/ha of PM, 50% NPKSZn+5 t/ha of PM, 50% NPKSZn+2.5 t/ha of PM, 75% NPKSZn+5 t/ha of PM and 75% NPKSZn+2.5 t/ha of PM were used. From this study it is found that both conventional spacing with 50% NPKSZn and 5 t/ha PM, and conventional spacing with BRRI recommended dose of fertilizer gives the highest grain yield. Based on the results obtained the best combination for the cultivation of BRRI dhan41 under SRI method during aman season was to use the conventional spacing×50% NPKSZn with 5 t/ha of PM to obtain the highest grain yield. Because it not only reduced the production cost but also had a long term impact on improvement of soil properties.
Research Interests:
The experiment was to observe the effect of integration of fertilizer and manure on the performance of Boro rice under the SRI method. The experiment included ten treatments of rice production method viz. conventional method (CM) with... more
The experiment was to observe the effect of integration of fertilizer and manure on the performance of Boro rice under the SRI method. The experiment included ten treatments of rice production method viz. conventional method (CM) with recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF); CM with cowdung (CD) @15t/ha; CM with CD @5 t/ ha+RDF; SRI+CD @15 t/ha; SRI+CD @10 t/ha; SRI+CD @ 10 t/ha+50% RDF; SRI+CD @ 5 t/ha+100% RDF; SRI+100% RDF; SRI+150% RDF; SRI+100% RDF+ biofertilizer. The results indicated that all crop characters except number of non-bearing tillers/hill, sterile spikelets/panicle and harvest index were significantly influenced due to integration of fertilizer and manure. The SRI method performed better than conventional method. Among the SRI, integration of fertilizer and manure and fertilizer more than 100% of the recommended rate produced the highest grain yield. The results showed that the best option for the cultivation of Surjomoni rice variety under SRI method during the Boro season was 10 t ha-1 cowdung with 50% of the RDF obtain the highest grain yield .This integration not only reduced the production cost but also had a long term impact on improvement of soil properties.
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Research Interests: Agronomy and Weed Science
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Recently the land productivity in Bangladesh is declining fast due to HYV (High Yielding Variety) rice production, intensive cropping and indiscriminate use of fertilizers, pesticides and water irrigation. Such an extensive dependence on... more
Recently the land productivity in Bangladesh is declining fast due to HYV (High Yielding Variety) rice production, intensive cropping and indiscriminate use of fertilizers, pesticides and water irrigation. Such an extensive dependence on agrochemicals leads to various negative effects on environment and causes natural-health hazards. Ecotechnology and sustainable development concept would be very much helpful to overcome the solution. It is time to build a new paradigm of policies that can promote sustainable agriculture to help ensure food security, anchor rural development, provide resources for the livelihood and adequate incomes of a majority of people, all without destroying the environment base.
Keywords: Green revolution, crop intensification, HYV, sustainability, local varieties
Keywords: Green revolution, crop intensification, HYV, sustainability, local varieties