Dr. Sam Sangeeth.G

Background: Learning starts from cradle and ends in tomb. Intellectual impairment is an umbrella term, which encompasses arrange of learning problems, characterized by academic underachievement in reading, writing expressions, mathematics or overall intellectual ability of the child. To adopt learning skills special measures have to be taken. When disorder leads to disability or impairment in children the psychological reactions in parents like grief, depression, anxieties, panic attacks etc. occurs. In social conditions withdrawal, stigma, isolation, loss of networking and lack of social support etc emerges. Aim: The aim of the study to know the psychosocial problems of parents with learning impairment children in a special school. Methodology: In a descriptive study involving 50 parents of learning impairment children through simple random sampling. Researcher had done his investigation in a special school at Chennai. The pilot study was conduct to check the exibility of the study...

The article focuses on the application of the problem-solving model of casework proposed and developed by Helen Paris Pearlman's [1957], The four P’s of casework practice: Person, Place, Problem and Processes are discussed in the Indian context. The model has been effectively administered to five elderly women residing in a welfare institution in Chennai. The effort indicates that Pearlman’s Model can be successfully
adopted in the Indian setting by integrating direct and indirect practices of casework, suited to our local needs and issues
Keywords: Marginalised elderly women, Person, Place, Problem, Process, Direct and In-Direct social casework, Indigenous model.
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Family Care (also known as home based care or informal care) is crucial to person with Neuro-Cognitive Disorder. Neurocognitive disorder is characterized by cognitive decline in one or more cognitive domains. Neuro-cognitive disorders are organic brain syndrome. It is major public health challenge around the globe. The aim of the study is to find the level of psychological profile which includes demographics, level of burden and resilience of informal carers utilizing home based palliative care facilities in Alappuzha districts. Informal carers are considered as second patients. Hypothesis was constructed. The researcher has used descriptive design. The research setting had been selected haripadu block palliative care services, Alappuzha district. The pilot study was conducted and pretesting was done. The non-probability, purposive sampling was used with the carers attached with palliative services through in-home interview. The Standardized measuring instruments were administered for assessing psychological profile of informal careers are 22 items Zarit burden scale and 25 item Resilience scale by Gail.M.Wagnild. Permission was obtained to use the standardized scale mentioned above. The pre-test was conducted and was not included in the study. The data collected were analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The Cronbach's alpha in this study with reference to burden is .795 and resilience is .911. The findings related to the demographic profile indicates that the mean age of the respondents is 47.73, more than half of the respondents are from urban community, gender, little less than half of the respondents are from Muslim community, close to three fourth of the respondents are from below poverty line status, little more than one-third of the care givers are daughterin-laws of the care recipient. Majority of persons with dementia are female. There is a high significant relationship between resilience and burden. The researcher concludes that there is a need for training in resilience which must be component of psychoeducation followed by other therapies promotes psychological wellbeing of informal carers with neuro-cognitive disorder recipients. There must be gender equity in care labour and development of public private partnership to enhance carer's holistic wellbeing. Policies and programmes must be amended to redeem informal carers from vulnerability and marginalization and bring them into inclusiveness in all domains of life through palliative care.

The purpose of this study was to describe the burden of women caregivers of persons with dementia. Forty rural women caregivers of
persons with dementia were selected as respondents of the study. The
persons with dementia were registered in the District Mental Health
Programme (DMHP) Thiruvananthapuram in 2014. Regarding
community-based community outreach centres in Primary health
centres. The carers were administered The Zarit Burden Interview
(1980) individually. The survey method was adopted to collect the
demographic data from the selected respondents. The collected data
was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science and
parametric z tests were used to draw meaningful inferences.
Less than half 42.5 per cent of the respondents were having a
moderate level of burden, More than one third 35 per cent of the
respondents were experiencing mild burden and a Minimum of 15 per
cent of the respondents was experiencing severe burden and only
7.2 per cent reported experiencing a little or no burden in
caregiving. Based on the present findings, the researcher may
conclude that the informal care rendered to chronically disabled
older adults and their burden have to be prevented and intervened. International Labour organizations must recognize informal
care. It is suggested that future carers have to be attached to
wellbeing centres for lessening the burden of informal caring and
to provide sustainability to informal caregivers.
Keywords: Psychological burden, Informal Caregivers, Dementia.

The aim of this scientific paper is to portray the psychological competencies of women informal carers of persons with late onset neuro cognitive disorder (NCD) in rural Trivananthapuram. The informal carers are essential as the population is increasing. The informal carers are family members to assist the care recipients in their desperate need in the terms of functional loss or disability. The informal carers are not recognized by many stakeholders and making them sustainable is vital. Informal carers are invisible in the society where initiatives have to be taken to mainstream them and bring into inclusion. The psychological competency is operationalized as resilience in this study. The researcher has adopted descriptive study design. The researcher has attempted to describe the women informal carers' psychological competency in care labour. The population consists of women carers caring late onset neuro cognitive disorders. Universe of the study is two hundred and seven career registered in District Mental Health Programme, catering services to rural Trivananthapuram where the researcher has used Morgon's sample size calculator and espoused one hundred and thirty five samples as sample size for investigation. The pilot study was conducted. The researcher has used in-home interview technique to investigate on the phenomena in the community. The researcher has used interview schedule for collection of data. The standardized tool was used resilience scale. Finding alarms that there is no correlation between age and psychological competency. There is no significant mean difference between psychological competencies and migration status and significant variance between psychological competencies and religion of the respondents. The researcher concludes that training on psychological competency has to be incorporated among the carers of persons with mild and major Neuro-cognitive disorders in the community. Community based intervention should be mandatory for the empowerment of informal care givers in the community. This approach fostering strength and capacities through social workers among informal carers can be said to be "positive social work practice" which is imbibed from "positive psychology".

The aim of the case study is to demonstrate case formulation procedure by the researcher and to teach as a model in capacity building programme for enhancing case study formulation skillsfo motivators in activity centers for the marginalised community childrens development. The need is to promote multiple difficult circumstance children attain holistic development in the individual, family and community levels. The methodology used isused as a projective technique through psychosocial care mediums are administered. The case study was conducted with a purpose that the child who had entangled with multiple difficult circumstances must be liberated using mediums.The case study is followed by intervention ment exclusively for develoment and empowerment multiple difficult circumstance children. The mediums includes Facial expressions, Thematic story cards, Family protrait, Drawing, Writting, Dolls and Clay modelling. The outcome of the case study is developed through psychosocial care me...

The objective of this paper is to portray the skill set required in care labour at home based care. Home based care is evolving in urban and rural India, prominently in Kerala. This article is drafted in the light of Global action plan draft on the public health response to dementia (2016) Action area five mentions about action for "supporting the carers". Home based care is emerging in India like West. Educating informal carer's to inculcate skill based practice in care process is the supportive education among dementia informal carer's which has to be promoted all over India. Skill acquisition and sustainability in the effective caring process are needed for well-being of carers of person's with Dementia. The care industry is upcoming in present scenario in India with some expectation on skilful being in the care process of non-communicable disease like dementia. The motivated carers are obligatory because the longevity of ageing population is growing rapidly with mounting up of noncommunicable disease. This fading health situation is evitable in the greying population where remedies must be sought through elderly friendly policies. The incidence of dementia is drastically increasing in developing countries like India. Mostly the women are vulnerable to be the carer in the family system which can be traced specifically in an Indian setting. So it is evitable that the home based women informal carers must put on skill ware to render continuous and optimum care for their care recipients (persons with dementia). Skill-ware is putting on skills. Some of the skills-ware for informal/family careers are problem-The adoption these skills will help the careers to grow effective with care industry. Skills assist carers of a person with dementia to effectively present themselves in care practice/ labour.