Stetoskop

Stetoskop (grč. stéthos - prsa, skopé - pregled) je akustična medicinska sprava koja služi za auskultaciju, odnosno slušanje unutrašnjih zvukova ljudskog ili životinjskog tijela. Najčešće se koristi za slušanje srčanih zvukova i disanja. Osim toga koristi se za slušanje crijeva, protoka krvi i sl.^[1]

Historija

Stetoskop je izumljen u Francuskoj 1816. godine od strane René Laenneca u bolnici Necker-Enfants Malades u Parizu, a sastojao se od drvene cijevi.^[2]^[3] Laennec je radio na izumu stetoskopa jer mu nije bilo ugodno da stavlja uho direktno na grudi žene kako bi slušao njeno srce. ^[4]^[5] Laennec je svoj uređaj nazvao "stetoskop" ^[6] (stetho- + -scope, "grudni pregled"), a njegovu upotrebu nazvao je "direktna auskultacija".

Današnja upotreba

Stetoskopi se danas smatraju za simbol zdravstvenih radnika. Pružaoci zdravstvenih usluga se često vide ili prikazuju kako nose stetoskop oko vrata. Istraživački rad iz 2012. tvrdi da je stetoskop, u poređenju sa drugom medicinskom opremom, imao najveći pozitivan uticaj na percepciju pouzdanosti praktičara koji se vidi sa njim.^[7]^[8]

U općoj praksi tradicionalno mjerenje krvnog pritiska mehaničkim tlakomjerom s manžetnom na napuhavanje i stetoskopom postupno se zamjenjuje automatskim (digitalnim) mjeračima krvnog pritiska.^[9]

Danas razlikujemo akustični i elektronski stetoskop koji se primjenjuju u medicinske svrhe, a postoje i stetoskopi koji se ne koriste u medicini nego tzv. mehanički stetoskopi za slušanje unutrašnjosti mašina.^[10]

Galerija

Akustični stetoskop
Elektronski stetoskop
Pinardov rog koji koristi rezervna medicinska sestra američke vojske u Ugandi

Reference

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Commons ima datoteke na temu: Stetoskop

^ Wade, Nicholas J.; Deutsch, Diana (July 2008). "Binaural Hearing – Before and After the Stethophone" (PDF). Acoustics Today. 4 (3): 16–27. doi:10.1121/1.2994724.
^ Laennec, René (1819). De l'auscultation médiate ou traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumon et du coeur. Paris: Brosson & Chaudé.
^ 'Laennec, R. T. H.; Forbes, John, Sir, A Treatise on the Diseases of the Chest and on Mediate Auscultation (1835). New York : Samuel Wood & Sons; Philadelphia : Desilver, Thomas & Co. .
^ Roguin A (September 2006). "Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826): The Man Behind the Stethoscope". Clin Med Res. 4 (3): 230–5. doi:10.3121/cmr.4.3.230. PMC 1570491. PMID 17048358.
^ Picard, Liza (2005). Victorian London: the life of a city, 1840–1870 (jezik: engleski). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-0297847335.
^ "Laennec's new system of diagnosis", The Quarterly Journal of Foreign Medicine and Surgery and of the Sciences Connected with Them, str. 51–68, 1820
^ Jiwa, Moyez; Millett, Stephan; Meng, Xingqiong; Hewitt, Vivien M. (2012). "Impact of the Presence of Medical Equipment in Images on Viewers' Perceptions of the Trustworthiness of an Individual On-Screen". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 14 (4): e100. doi:10.2196/jmir.1986. PMC 3409609. PMID 22782078.
^ McLoughlin, Mario J (30 October 2012). "Cardiac auscultation: preliminary findings of a pilot study using continuous Wave Doppler and comparison with classic auscultation". International Journal of Cardiology. 167 (2): 590–591. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.09.223. PMID 23117017.
^ Roerecke, M; Kaczorowski, J; Myers, MG (2019), "Comparing automated office blood pressure readings with other methods of blood pressure measurement for identifying patients with possible hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis", JAMA Intern Med, str. 351–362 Parametar |url= nedostaje ili je prazan (pomoć)
^ "Smart stethoscope uses artificial intelligence to screen for heart failure". NIHR Evidence. 18 January 2023. doi:10.3310/nihrevidence_56245.

[Wade2008-1] Wade, Nicholas J.; Deutsch, Diana (July 2008). "Binaural Hearing – Before and After the Stethophone" (PDF). Acoustics Today. 4 (3): 16–27. doi:10.1121/1.2994724.

[2] Laennec, René (1819). De l'auscultation médiate ou traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumon et du coeur. Paris: Brosson & Chaudé.

[Laennec_Forbes_translation-3] 'Laennec, R. T. H.; Forbes, John, Sir, A Treatise on the Diseases of the Chest and on Mediate Auscultation (1835). New York : Samuel Wood & Sons; Philadelphia : Desilver, Thomas & Co. .

[4] Roguin A (September 2006). "Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826): The Man Behind the Stethoscope". Clin Med Res. 4 (3): 230–5. doi:10.3121/cmr.4.3.230. PMC 1570491. PMID 17048358.

[picard-victorian-london-5] Picard, Liza (2005). Victorian London: the life of a city, 1840–1870 (jezik: engleski). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-0297847335.

[Foreign_Medicine_and_Surgery_1820-6] "Laennec's new system of diagnosis", The Quarterly Journal of Foreign Medicine and Surgery and of the Sciences Connected with Them, str. 51–68, 1820

[7] Jiwa, Moyez; Millett, Stephan; Meng, Xingqiong; Hewitt, Vivien M. (2012). "Impact of the Presence of Medical Equipment in Images on Viewers' Perceptions of the Trustworthiness of an Individual On-Screen". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 14 (4): e100. doi:10.2196/jmir.1986. PMC 3409609. PMID 22782078.

[8] McLoughlin, Mario J (30 October 2012). "Cardiac auscultation: preliminary findings of a pilot study using continuous Wave Doppler and comparison with classic auscultation". International Journal of Cardiology. 167 (2): 590–591. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.09.223. PMID 23117017.

[pmid_30715088-9] Roerecke, M; Kaczorowski, J; Myers, MG (2019), "Comparing automated office blood pressure readings with other methods of blood pressure measurement for identifying patients with possible hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis", JAMA Intern Med, str. 351–362 Parametar |url= nedostaje ili je prazan (pomoć)

[10] "Smart stethoscope uses artificial intelligence to screen for heart failure". NIHR Evidence. 18 January 2023. doi:10.3310/nihrevidence_56245.

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