Elafin as a Prognostic Marker in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Pilot Study Using Three-Dimensional Imaging and Genomic Profiling
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Selection of ESCC Patients to Provide Sample for 3-D Imaging
2.2. Sample Preparation for 3-D Imaging and Confocal Imaging Acquisition
2.3. Processing of 3-D Tissue Images and 3-D Tissue Modeling
2.4. Elafin Expression in Tissue Arrays of Resected ESCC Specimens
2.5. Elafin mRNA Expression in TCGA Dataset
2.6. Cell Lines and Cell Culture
2.7. Plasmids, Short Hairpin RNAs, and Lentivirus Production
2.8. Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR (TaqMan Assay)
2.9. Immunoblot Analysis
2.10. Cell Proliferation Assay
2.11. Cell Motility and Invasion Assays
2.12. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Selection of Locoregional ESCC Patients for 3-D Tissue Imaging
3.2. Distinct 3-D Spatial Distribution of Elafin Expression in ESCC Patients with Different Prognoses
3.3. Overexpression of Elafin Protein in Tissue Arrays of Resected ESCC Specimens
3.4. Elafin Increased Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of the ESCC Cell Lines
3.5. Elafin Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pair 1 | Pair 2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
E365 | E385 | E535 | E421 | |
Gender | Male | Male | Male | Male |
Age | 53 | 53 | 49 | 60 |
Stage | IIb | IIIa | IIIa | IIIa |
Treatment | OP then CCRT | OP then CCRT | OP | OP |
Serum elafin (ng/mL) | 50.28 | 4.67 | 23.06 | 6.09 |
Survival time (Months) | 18 | 47 | 10 | 39 |
Scanned layers a (Thickness, μm) | 199 (139.3) | 182 (127.4) | 190 (133.0) | 215 (150.5) |
Layers of selection b (Thickness, μm) | 1st–64th (45.5) | 10th–118th (76.3) | 13th–60th (33.6) | 1st–20th (14.0) |
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Chen, W.-C.; Wu, C.-C.; Liu, Y.-P.; Zhuo, G.-Y.; Wang, Y.-K.; Chen, Y.-H.; Chen, C.-C.; Wang, Y.-H.; Wu, M.-T.; Wu, I.-C. Elafin as a Prognostic Marker in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Pilot Study Using Three-Dimensional Imaging and Genomic Profiling. Cancers 2023, 15, 3825. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153825
Chen W-C, Wu C-C, Liu Y-P, Zhuo G-Y, Wang Y-K, Chen Y-H, Chen C-C, Wang Y-H, Wu M-T, Wu I-C. Elafin as a Prognostic Marker in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Pilot Study Using Three-Dimensional Imaging and Genomic Profiling. Cancers. 2023; 15(15):3825. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153825
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Wei-Chung, Chun-Chieh Wu, Yu-Peng Liu, Guan-Yu Zhuo, Yao-Kuang Wang, Yi-Hsun Chen, Chu-Chih Chen, Yin-Han Wang, Ming-Tsang Wu, and I-Chen Wu. 2023. "Elafin as a Prognostic Marker in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Pilot Study Using Three-Dimensional Imaging and Genomic Profiling" Cancers 15, no. 15: 3825. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153825