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2010s global surveillance disclosures: Difference between revisions

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After the U.S.-based editor of ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[Janine Gibson]], held several meetings in [[New York City]], it was decided that Greenwald, Poitras and the ''Guardian''{{'}}s defence and intelligence correspondent Ewen MacAskill would fly to Hong Kong to meet Snowden. On June 5, in the first media report based on the leaked material,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationaljournal.com/defense/everything-we-learned-from-edward-snowden-in-2013-20131231 |title=Everything We Learned from Edward Snowden in 2013 |work=National Journal}}</ref> ''The Guardian'' exposed a [[top secret]] court order showing that the NSA had collected phone records from over 120 million [[MAINWAY|Verizon subscribers]].<ref name="guardiangg621">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/06/nsa-phone-records-verizon-court-order |title=NSA collecting phone records of millions of Verizon customers daily |author=[[Glenn Greenwald]] |work=The Guardian |date=June 6, 2013 |accessdate=September 16, 2013 |location=London}}</ref> Under the order, the numbers of both parties on a call, as well as the location data, unique identifiers, time of call, and duration of call were handed over to the FBI, which turned over the records to the NSA.<ref name="guardiangg621" /> According to ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', the Verizon order is part of a controversial data program, which seeks to stockpile records on all calls made in the U.S., but does not collect information directly from [[T-Mobile US]] and [[Verizon Wireless]], in part because of their foreign ownership ties.<ref>{{cite news |title=T-Mobile, Verizon Wireless Shielded from NSA Sweep |url=https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887324049504578543800240266368 |accessdate=February 10, 2014 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=June 14, 2013 |author1=Danny Yadron |author2=Evan Perez}}</ref>
 
On June 6, 2013, the second media disclosure, the revelation of the [[PRISM (surveillance program)|PRISM surveillance program]] (which collects the e-mail, voice, text and video chats of foreigners and an unknown number of Americans from Microsoft, Google, Facebook, Yahoo, Apple and other tech giants),<ref name="WaPo1">{{cite news |author=[[Barton Gellman|Gellman, Barton]]; [[Laura Poitras|Poitras, Laura]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/us-intelligence-mining-data-from-nine-us-internet-companies-in-broad-secret-program/2013/06/06/3a0c0da8-cebf-11e2-8845-d970ccb04497_story.html |title=US Intelligence Mining Data from Nine U.S. Internet Companies in Broad Secret Program |work=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 6, 2013 |accessdate=June 15, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Greenwald1">{{cite news |author=[[Glenn Greenwald|Greenwald, Glenn]]; MacAskill, Ewen |title=NSA Taps in to Internet Giants' Systems to Mine User Data, Secret Files Reveal – Top-Secret Prism Program Claims Direct Access to Servers of Firms Including Google, Apple and Facebook – Companies Deny Any Knowledge of Program in Operation Since 2007 – Obama Orders US to Draw Up Overseas Target List for Cyber-Attacks |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/06/us-tech-giants-nsa-data |accessdate=June 15, 2013 |date=June 6, 2013 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NSA slides explain the PRISM data-collection program |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/politics/prism-collection-documents/ |accessdate=February 11, 2014 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=June 6, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Inner workings of a top-secret spy program |url=https://apps.washingtonpost.com/g/page/national/inner-workings-of-a-top-secret-spy-program/282/ |accessdate=February 11, 2014 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=June 29, 2013 |author1=Barton Gellman |author2=Todd Lindeman}}</ref> was published simultaneously by ''The Guardian'' and ''[[The Washington Post]]''.<ref name="mira">{{cite web |title=How Edward Snowden led journalist and film-maker to reveal NSA secrets |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/19/edward-snowden-nsa-secrets-glenn-greenwald-laura-poitras |work=[[The Guardian]] |accessdate=August 20, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=U.S., British intelligence mining data from nine U.S. Internet companies in broad secret program |url=https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-06-06/news/39784046_1_prism-nsa-u-s-servers |work=The Washington Post |accessdate=August 20, 2013 |first1=Barton |last1=Gellman |first2=Laura |last2=Poitras |date=June 7, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824083615/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-06-06/news/39784046_1_prism-nsa-u-s-servers |archivedate=August 24, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
 
[[File:Xkeyscore-worldmap.jpg|thumb|right|245px|Slide from a 2008 NSA presentation about [[XKeyscore]], showing a worldmap with the locations of XKeyscore servers]]