一日
Chinese
editone; single; a one; single; a; (before verbs) as soon as, once; (before a noun) entire (family, etc.) |
day; sun; date day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (一日) |
一 | 日 | |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jat1 jat6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yit-ngit
- Northern Min (KCR): cì-nì
- Eastern Min (BUC): siŏh-nĭk / ék-nĭk
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): chi̍t-ji̍t / chi̍t-li̍t / chi̍t-gi̍t
- (Teochew, Peng'im): zêg8 rig8
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7iq-gniq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄖˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yirìh
- Wade–Giles: i1-jih4
- Yale: yī-r̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iryh
- Palladius: ижи (iži)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jat1 jat6
- Yale: yāt yaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: jat7 jat9
- Guangdong Romanization: yed1 yed6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐt̚⁵ jɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yit-ngit
- Hakka Romanization System: id` ngid`
- Hagfa Pinyim: yid5 ngid5
- Sinological IPA: /it̚² ŋit̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yit-ngit
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)id` ngid`
- Hagfa Pinyim: yid5 ngid5
- Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚² ŋit̚²/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cì-nì
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si⁴² ni⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: siŏh-nĭk / ék-nĭk
- Sinological IPA (key): /suoʔ⁵⁻³³ nˡiʔ⁵/, /iʔ²⁴⁻²¹ nˡiʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- siŏh-nĭk - vernacular;
- ék-nĭk - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t-ji̍t
- Tâi-lô: tsi̍t-ji̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: cidjit
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zit̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Yilan): /t͡sit̚⁵⁻² d͡zit̚⁵/
- IPA (Tainan): /t͡sit̚⁴⁻¹ d͡zit̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² zit̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Tainan, Hsinchu, Lukang, Kinmen, Jinjiang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t-li̍t
- Tâi-lô: tsi̍t-li̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: cidlit
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² lit̚²⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² lit̚⁴/
- IPA (Lukang): /t͡sit̚³⁵⁻² lit̚³⁵/
- IPA (Tainan): /t͡sit̚⁴⁻¹ lit̚⁴/
- IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sit̚⁵⁴⁻³² lit̚⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t-gi̍t
- Tâi-lô: tsi̍t-gi̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: cidgit
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zêg8 rig8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tse̍k ji̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sek̚⁴⁻² d͡zik̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Magong)
- Wu
Noun
edit一日
- (literary or dialectal) one day
- (literary) another day in the future
- (literary) yesterday
- (Teochew) daytime; day
Synonyms
editDerived terms
edit- 一日一蘋果，醫生遠離我／一日一苹果，医生远离我 (yīrì yī píngguǒ, yīshēng yuǎnlí wǒ)
- 一日三秋 (yīrìsānqiū)
- 一日不見，如隔三秋／一日不见，如隔三秋 (yīrìbùjiàn, rúgésānqiū)
- 一日千里 (yīrì qiānlǐ)
- 一日為師，終身為父／一日为师，终身为父 (yīrì wéi shī, zhōngshēn wéi fù)
- 冰凍三尺，非一日之寒／冰冻三尺，非一日之寒 (bīngdòng sān chǐ, fēi yīrì zhī hán)
- 有朝一日 (yǒuzhāoyīrì)
Conjunction
edit一日
- (Cantonese) as long as
- 1999, 喜劇之王 [King of Comedy], spoken by 杜娟兒 (Karen Mok):
- 聽唔聽到呀？聽唔聽到呀？一日未嗌cut，一日都要演落去，呢啲就係我成日同你哋講嘅專業。 [Cantonese, trad.]
- teng1 m4 teng1 dou3-2 aa3? teng1 m4 teng1 dou3-2 aa3? jat1 jat6 mei6 aai3 kat1, jat1 jat6 dou1 jiu3 jin2 lok6 heoi3, ni1 di1 zau6 hai6 ngo5 seng4 jat6 tung4 nei5 dei6 gong2 ge3 zyun1 jip6. [Jyutping]
- Did you guys hear that? As long as [the director] hasn't called “cut”, one has to continue acting. This is what I've always been telling you – professionalism.
听唔听到呀？听唔听到呀？一日未嗌cut，一日都要演落去，呢啲就系我成日同你哋讲嘅专业。 [Cantonese, simp.]
Japanese
editEtymology 1
edit| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 一 | 日 |
| ついたち | |
| Grade: 1 | Grade: 1 |
| jukujikun | |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 朔日 朔 1日 |
/tuki tati/ → /t͡suitat͡ɕi/
Originally a compound of 月 (tsuki, “moon; month”) + 立ち (tachi, “standing; starting, occurring”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 立つ (tatsu, “to stand up; to start, to occur”)).[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editUsage notes
editThe tsuitachi reading is the most common for the “first day of the month” sense when referring to dates.
Derived terms
editDerived terms
- 朔日丸 (tsuitachigan): a common kind of contraceptive in the Edo period, taken on the first of every month
- 朔日草 (tsuitachisō): alternate name for 福寿草 (fukujusō): pheasant's eye or adonis
- 朔日降り (tsuitachiburi): rainfall or snowfall on the first day of the month
- 朔日松 (tsuitachimatsu): a ceremonial potted pine tree placed at the household gate at the New Year
- 朔日道 (tsuitachimichi), 朔日路 (tsuitachimichi): a ceremonial clearing of a path to the family grave in preparation for the Bon Festival
See also
edit| Japanese number-counter combinations for 日 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1(st) | 2(nd) | 3(rd) | 4(th) | 5(th) | 6(th) | 7(th) | 8(th) | 9(th) | 10(th) | |
| How many? | 一日 (ichinichi) | 二日 (futsuka) | 三日 (mikka) | 四日 (yokka) | 五日 (itsuka) | 六日 (muika) | 七日 (nanoka) 七日 (nanuka) |
八日 (yōka) | 九日 (kokonoka) | 十日 (tōka) |
| What day? | 一日 (tsuitachi) 一日 (ippi) | |||||||||
| 11(th) | 12(th) | 13(th) | 14(th) | 15(th) | 16(th) | 17(th) | 18(th) | 19(th) | 20(th) | |
| 十一日 (jūichinichi) | 十二日 (jūninichi) | 十三日 (jūsannichi) | 十四日 (jūyokka) | 十五日 (jūgonichi) | 十六日 (jūrokunichi) | 十七日 (jūshichinichi) | 十八日 (jūhachinichi) | 十九日 (jūkunichi) | 二十日 (hatsuka) | |
| 24(th) | 27(th) | 29(th) | 30(th) | 40(th) | 50(th) | 100(th) | 1,000(th) | 10,000(th) | ? | |
| 二十四日 (nijūyokka) | 二十七日 (nijūshichinichi) | 二十九日 (nijūkunichi) | 三十日 (sanjūnichi) 三十日 (misoka) |
四十日 (shijūnichi) 四十日 (yosoka) |
五十日 (gojūnichi) 五十日 (ika) |
百日 (hyakunichi) 百日 (momoka) |
千日 (sennichi) | 一万日 (ichimannichi) | 何日 (nannichi) | |
Etymology 2
edit| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 一 | 日 |
| いち Grade: 1 |
にち Grade: 1 |
| goon | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 1日 |
From Middle Chinese 一日 (ʔiɪt̚ ȵiɪt̚, literally “one + day”). Compare modern Hakka reading yit-ngit.
The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.
Pronunciation
edit- (Tokyo) いちにち [ìchíníchíꜜ] (Odaka – [4])[2][4]
- (Tokyo) いちにち [ìchíníchí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- IPA(key): [it͡ɕiɲ̟it͡ɕi]
- When used as a modifier, the term takes pitch accent pattern 0.
Noun
edit- one day, 24 hours
- 一日を過ごす
- ichinichi o sugosu
- to spend a day
- 1997 December 12, Abiko, Miwa, “みかん・絵日記 おはなし⑦ [Mikan Picture Diary: Story #7]”, in みかん・絵日記 [Mikan Picture Diary], volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Hakusensha, page 14:
- 充実した一日でしたね♡お父さん
- Jūjitsushita ichinichi deshita ne ♡ otō-san
- What a fun-filled day ♡ right honey?
- 充実した一日でしたね♡お父さん
- 一日を過ごす
- the daytime, the period from dawn until dusk
- (figurative) a short period of time
- ローマは一日にして成らず
- Rōma wa ichinichi ni shite narazu
- Rome wasn't built in a day
- ローマは一日にして成らず
- one day, someday, an unspecified day
- the first day of the month
Usage notes
editThe ichinichi reading appears to be somewhat more common than synonymous ichijitsu below. There may be dialectal differences in usage patterns.
The tsuitachi reading is the most common for the “first day of the month” sense when referring to dates.
Derived terms
editDerived terms
- 一日一善 (ichinichi ichizen)
- 一日一日 (ichinichi ichinichi)
- 一日一夜 (ichinichi ichiya)
- 一日置き (ichinichi oki)
- 一日経 (ichinichikyō): dead memorial service where many gather to transcribe a sutra in one day
- 一日三秋 (ichinichi sanshū)
- 一日千秋 (ichinichi senshū)
- 一日路 (ichinichiji)
- 一日中 (ichinichijū)
- 一日片時 (ichinichi henji)
- 一日増し (ichinichi mashi)
See also
edit| Japanese number-counter combinations for 日 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1(st) | 2(nd) | 3(rd) | 4(th) | 5(th) | 6(th) | 7(th) | 8(th) | 9(th) | 10(th) | |
| How many? | 一日 (ichinichi) | 二日 (futsuka) | 三日 (mikka) | 四日 (yokka) | 五日 (itsuka) | 六日 (muika) | 七日 (nanoka) 七日 (nanuka) |
八日 (yōka) | 九日 (kokonoka) | 十日 (tōka) |
| What day? | 一日 (tsuitachi) 一日 (ippi) | |||||||||
| 11(th) | 12(th) | 13(th) | 14(th) | 15(th) | 16(th) | 17(th) | 18(th) | 19(th) | 20(th) | |
| 十一日 (jūichinichi) | 十二日 (jūninichi) | 十三日 (jūsannichi) | 十四日 (jūyokka) | 十五日 (jūgonichi) | 十六日 (jūrokunichi) | 十七日 (jūshichinichi) | 十八日 (jūhachinichi) | 十九日 (jūkunichi) | 二十日 (hatsuka) | |
| 24(th) | 27(th) | 29(th) | 30(th) | 40(th) | 50(th) | 100(th) | 1,000(th) | 10,000(th) | ? | |
| 二十四日 (nijūyokka) | 二十七日 (nijūshichinichi) | 二十九日 (nijūkunichi) | 三十日 (sanjūnichi) 三十日 (misoka) |
四十日 (shijūnichi) 四十日 (yosoka) |
五十日 (gojūnichi) 五十日 (ika) |
百日 (hyakunichi) 百日 (momoka) |
千日 (sennichi) | 一万日 (ichimannichi) | 何日 (nannichi) | |
Etymology 3
edit| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 一 | 日 |
| いち Grade: 1 |
じつ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 1日 |
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 一日 (ʔiɪt̚ ȵiɪt̚, literally “one + day”). Compare modern Min Nan reading chi̍t-ji̍t.
This reading uses the goon for the first character and the kan'on for the second character, suggesting a shift in reading after the initial borrowing.
Pronunciation
edit- (Tokyo) いちじつ [ìchíjítsúꜜ] (Odaka – [4])[2]
- (Tokyo) いちじつ [ìchíjítsú] (Heiban – [0])[2][4]
- IPA(key): [it͡ɕiʑit͡sɨ]
- When used as a modifier, the term takes pitch accent pattern 0.
Noun
edit- (literary) one day, 24 hours
- (literary) the daytime, the period from dawn until dusk
- (literary) (figurative) a short period of time
Usage notes
editThe synonymous ichinichi reading appears to be somewhat more common. There may be dialectal differences in usage patterns.
The tsuitachi reading is the most common for the “first day of the month” sense when referring to dates.
Derived terms
editEtymology 4
edit| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 一 | 日 |
| いつ > いっ Grade: 1 |
ひ > ぴ Grade: 1 |
| jūbakoyomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 1日 |
Compound of 一 (ichi, “one”, on'yomi, or Chinese-derived reading) + 日 (hi, “day”, kun'yomi, or native-Japanese reading).[2]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editUsage notes
editThis reading appears to be quite rare. There may be dialectal differences in usage patterns.
See also
edit| Japanese number-counter combinations for 日 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1(st) | 2(nd) | 3(rd) | 4(th) | 5(th) | 6(th) | 7(th) | 8(th) | 9(th) | 10(th) | |
| How many? | 一日 (ichinichi) | 二日 (futsuka) | 三日 (mikka) | 四日 (yokka) | 五日 (itsuka) | 六日 (muika) | 七日 (nanoka) 七日 (nanuka) |
八日 (yōka) | 九日 (kokonoka) | 十日 (tōka) |
| What day? | 一日 (tsuitachi) 一日 (ippi) | |||||||||
| 11(th) | 12(th) | 13(th) | 14(th) | 15(th) | 16(th) | 17(th) | 18(th) | 19(th) | 20(th) | |
| 十一日 (jūichinichi) | 十二日 (jūninichi) | 十三日 (jūsannichi) | 十四日 (jūyokka) | 十五日 (jūgonichi) | 十六日 (jūrokunichi) | 十七日 (jūshichinichi) | 十八日 (jūhachinichi) | 十九日 (jūkunichi) | 二十日 (hatsuka) | |
| 24(th) | 27(th) | 29(th) | 30(th) | 40(th) | 50(th) | 100(th) | 1,000(th) | 10,000(th) | ? | |
| 二十四日 (nijūyokka) | 二十七日 (nijūshichinichi) | 二十九日 (nijūkunichi) | 三十日 (sanjūnichi) 三十日 (misoka) |
四十日 (shijūnichi) 四十日 (yosoka) |
五十日 (gojūnichi) 五十日 (ika) |
百日 (hyakunichi) 百日 (momoka) |
千日 (sennichi) | 一万日 (ichimannichi) | 何日 (nannichi) | |
Etymology 5
edit| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 一 | 日 |
| ひと Grade: 1 |
ひ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 1日 |
Compound of 一 (hito, “one”) + 日 (hi, “day”).[1][2][3] Appears in The Tale of Genji of the early 1000s CE.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editEtymology 6
edit| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 一 | 日 |
| ひと Grade: 1 |
ひ > え Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi | irregular |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 1日 |
/hitohi/ → /hitohe/ → /hitoe/
Shift in pronunciation from hitohi above.[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editUsage notes
editAll senses appear to be identical as for hitohi above.
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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