雅
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Translingual
editHan character
edit雅 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+4 in Chinese, 隹+5 in Japanese, 12 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 一竹人土 (MHOG), four-corner 70214, composition ⿰牙隹)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1365, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41973
- Dae Jaweon: page 1869, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4094, character 2
- Unihan data for U+96C5
Chinese
edittrad. | 雅 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 雅 |
Glyph origin
editEtymology 1
editFor pronunciation and definitions of 雅 – see 鴉 (“crow; raven”). (This character is a variant form of 鴉). |
Etymology 2
editSchuessler (2007) leaves its etymology as unknown, yet mentions that it has been suggested to be related to 夏 (OC *ɡraːʔ) (e.g. by Wang Yinzhi apud Zhi, 2004), etc.), a proposal also supported by Baxter & Sagart (2014).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaa5
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngá
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngā
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5ia
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎ
- Wade–Giles: ya3
- Yale: yǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yea
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngaa5
- Yale: ngáh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngaa5
- Guangdong Romanization: nga5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngá
- Hakka Romanization System: ngaˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: nga3
- Sinological IPA: /ŋa³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngā
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- Taiwan:
- ngá - literary;
- ngé - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: ngaeX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-ɢˤraʔ/, /*[N-ɢ]ˤraʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋraːʔ/
Definitions
edit雅
- (literary) standard; proper; correct
- elegant; graceful; refined
- (polite) your; your esteemed; your gracious
- (literary) friendship; companionship
- (literary) usually; often
- (literary) very much; extremely
- a section in the Classic of Poetry consisting of dynastic hymns
- † standard language (usually used in titles of ancient Chinese dictionaries such as the Erya)
- (Teochew) pretty; beautiful
- a surname
Synonyms
edit- (pretty):
- 俊 (jùn)
- 俊俏 (jùnqiào) (attractive and smart)
- 俊秀 (jùnxiù)
- 俊美 (jùnměi) (of a young male)
- 俏麗/俏丽 (qiàolì) (usually of a female)
- 奇麗/奇丽 (qílì) (singularly beautiful)
- 好看 (hǎokàn)
- 妖嬌/妖娇 (“iau-kiau”) (Hokkien)
- 妍美 (yánměi) (literary)
- 姣美 (jiāoměi) (formal, of a face or posture)
- 嬌豔/娇艳 (jiāoyàn) (delicate and charming)
- 嬌逸/娇逸 (jiāoyì) (literary, of a young male)
- 悅目/悦目 (yuèmù)
- 是樣/是样 (shìyàng) (colloquial)
- 標緻/标致 (biāozhì) (usually of a woman)
- 清秀 (qīngxiù)
- 漂亮
- 秀媚 (xiùmèi)
- 秀美 (xiùměi)
- 秀麗/秀丽 (xiùlì)
- 綺麗/绮丽 (qǐlì)
- 繁華/繁华 (fánhuá) (literary)
- 美觀/美观 (měiguān)
- 美麗/美丽 (měilì)
- 耐看 (nàikàn)
- 花花 (huāhuā) (literary)
- 豔麗/艳丽 (yànlì)
- 邊式/边式 (biānshi) (regional, of dress, physique, etc.)
- 體面/体面 (tǐmiàn)
- 鮮亮/鲜亮 (xiānliàng) (dialectal)
- 鮮麗/鲜丽 (xiānlì)
Descendants
editCompounds
edit- 一日之雅
- 一面之雅
- 不雅 (bùyǎ)
- 不雅觀/不雅观
- 二雅
- 俊雅
- 儒雅 (rúyǎ)
- 優雅/优雅 (yōuyǎ)
- 克里雅 (Kèlǐyǎ)
- 典雅 (diǎnyǎ)
- 典雅堂皇
- 利雅德 (Lìyǎdé)
- 南雅 (Nányǎ)
- 博雅 (bóyǎ)
- 古雅 (gǔyǎ)
- 埤雅
- 大雅 (dàyǎ)
- 大雅可觀/大雅可观
- 大雅君子
- 嫻雅/娴雅 (xiányǎ)
- 季雅買鄰/季雅买邻
- 安雅
- 小雅 (Xiǎoyǎ)
- 尼雅 (Níyǎ)
- 幽雅 (yōuyǎ)
- 廣雅/广雅
- 廣雅疏證/广雅疏证
- 手足之雅
- 撒奇萊雅族/撒奇莱雅族 (sāqíláiyǎzú)
- 文人雅士
- 文雅 (wényǎ)
- 明媚閑雅/明媚闲雅
- 曲終奏雅/曲终奏雅
- 正聲雅音/正声雅音
- 沙雅 (Shāyǎ)
- 泰雅族 (tàiyǎzú)
- 清雅 (qīngyǎ)
- 淡雅 (dànyǎ)
- 淹雅
- 清雅絕塵/清雅绝尘
- 溫文儒雅/温文儒雅
- 溫文爾雅/温文尔雅 (wēnwén'ěryǎ)
- 溫雅/温雅 (wēnyǎ)
- 無傷大雅/无伤大雅 (wúshāngdàyǎ)
- 爾雅/尔雅 (Ěryǎ)
- 爾雅溫文/尔雅温文
- 爾雅翼/尔雅翼
- 珞珈雅苑 (Luòjiāyǎyuàn)
- 秀雅
- 端雅
- 素雅 (sùyǎ)
- 美蒂雅
- 翩然俊雅
- 舉止嫻雅/举止娴雅
- 舉止高雅/举止高雅
- 若克雅 (Ruòkèyǎ)
- 苓雅 (Língyǎ)
- 西雅圖/西雅图 (Xīyǎtú)
- 詳雅/详雅
- 諴雅/𫍯雅
- 變雅/变雅
- 變風變雅/变风变雅
- 赤雅
- 通雅
- 逸雅
- 達里雅布依 (Dálǐyǎ Bùyī)
- 都雅
- 量雅
- 閑雅/闲雅
- 阿合雅 (Āhéyǎ)
- 附庸風雅/附庸风雅 (fùyōng fēngyǎ)
- 雅丹 (yǎdān)
- 雅人
- 雅人深致
- 雅俗
- 雅俗共賞/雅俗共赏 (yǎsúgòngshǎng)
- 雅俗稽言
- 雅健
- 雅典 (Yǎdiǎn)
- 雅典主義/雅典主义 (Yǎdiǎnzhǔyì)
- 雅典娜 (Yǎdiǎnnà)
- 雅利安 (yǎlì'ān)
- 雅加達/雅加达 (Yǎjiādá)
- 雅囑/雅嘱
- 雅士 (yǎshì)
- 雅安 (Yǎ'ān)
- 雅客
- 雅座 (yǎzuò)
- 雅座兒/雅座儿
- 雅庫次克/雅库次克
- 雅意 (yǎyì)
- 雅愛/雅爱
- 雅懷/雅怀
- 雅房 (yǎfáng)
- 雅故
- 雅會/雅会
- 雅望
- 雅樂/雅乐 (yǎyuè)
- 雅歌 (yǎgē)
- 雅正 (yǎzhèng)
- 雅步
- 雅淡
- 雅游
- 雅潔/雅洁
- 雅片 (yāpiàn)
- 雅片鬼
- 雅玩
- 雅瓦 (Yǎwǎ)
- 雅痞 (yǎpǐ)
- 雅範/雅范
- 雅素
- 雅緻/雅致 (yǎzhì)
- 雅美族 (yǎměizú)
- 雅致 (yǎzhì)
- 雅興/雅兴 (yǎxìng)
- 雅號/雅号 (yǎhào)
- 雅觀/雅观 (yǎguān)
- 雅言 (yǎyán)
- 雅詞/雅词
- 雅誨/雅诲
- 雅謔/雅谑
- 雅賊/雅贼
- 雅趣 (yǎqù)
- 雅道
- 雅部
- 雅鄭/雅郑
- 雅重
- 雅量 (yǎliàng)
- 雅集 (yǎjí)
- 雅靜/雅静
- 雅音
- 雅韻/雅韵
- 雅頌/雅颂
- 雅馴/雅驯
- 雅麗/雅丽
- 雍容文雅
- 雍容爾雅
- 雍容閒雅
- 雍容雅步
- 風流儒雅/风流儒雅
- 風流爾雅/风流尔雅
- 風神秀雅/风神秀雅
- 風雅/风雅 (fēngyǎ)
- 馬雅人/马雅人
- 馬雅文字/马雅文字
- 馬雅文明/马雅文明
- 高談雅步/高谈雅步
- 高貴優雅/高贵优雅
- 高雅 (gāoyǎ)
- 魚魚雅雅/鱼鱼雅雅
References
edit- “雅”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Duffus, William (1883) “beautiful”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 19
- Zhi, C. (2004). "From Exclusive Xia to Inclusive Zhu-Xia: The Conceptualisation of Chinese Identity" in Early China. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 14(3), 185–205. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188470
Japanese
editShinjitai | 雅 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
雅󠄂 雅+ 󠄂 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
雅󠄄 雅+ 󠄄 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
edit雅
Readings
edit- Go-on: が (ga, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: が (ga, Jōyō)
- Kun: みやぶ (miyabu, 雅ぶ); みやびる (miyabiru, 雅びる); みやび (miyabi, 雅); みやびやか (miyabiyaka, 雅やか); つね (tsune, 雅)
- Nanori: う (u); お (o); か (ka); ただし (tadashi); のり (nori); まさ (masa); まさし (masashi); よし (yoshi)
Compounds
edit- 雅歌 (gaka, “elegant song”), 雅歌 (Gaka, “Song of Songs”)
Etymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
雅 |
が Grade: S |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 雅 (ngæX, “elegant”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
edit雅 • (ga) -na (adnominal 雅な (ga na), adverbial 雅に (ga ni))
Inflection
editInflection of 雅
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 雅だろ | がだろ | ga daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 雅で | がで | ga de |
Terminal (終止形) | 雅だ | がだ | ga da |
Attributive (連体形) | 雅な | がな | ga na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 雅なら | がなら | ga nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 雅であれ | がであれ | ga de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 雅ではない 雅じゃない |
がではない がじゃない |
ga de wa nai ga ja nai |
Informal past | 雅だった | がだった | ga datta |
Informal negative past | 雅ではなかった 雅じゃなかった |
がではなかった がじゃなかった |
ga de wa nakatta ga ja nakatta |
Formal | 雅です | がです | ga desu |
Formal negative | 雅ではありません 雅じゃありません |
がではありません がじゃありません |
ga de wa arimasen ga ja arimasen |
Formal past | 雅でした | がでした | ga deshita |
Formal negative past | 雅ではありませんでした 雅じゃありませんでした |
がではありませんでした がじゃありませんでした |
ga de wa arimasen deshita ga ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 雅で | がで | ga de |
Conditional | 雅なら(ば) | がなら(ば) | ga nara (ba) |
Provisional | 雅だったら | がだったら | ga dattara |
Volitional | 雅だろう | がだろう | ga darō |
Adverbial | 雅に | がに | ga ni |
Degree | 雅さ | がさ | gasa |
Noun
editAntonyms
edit- 俗 (zoku)
Etymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
雅 |
みやび Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 雅 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 雅, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
editKorean
editHanja
edit雅 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a, Yale a)
Compounds
editVietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading みや・びる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading みやび
- Japanese kanji with kun reading みやび・やか
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つね
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading う
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading お
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading か
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ただし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading のり
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading まさ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading まさし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading よし
- Japanese terms spelled with 雅 read as が
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