List of Hot Crossover 30 number ones
Hot Crossover 30 was a weekly record chart published by American magazine Billboard that ranked the 30 top-performing songs on "crossover" radio stations in the United States featuring a combination of Black, dance, and pop music. It was first published in the February 28, 1987, issue of Billboard.[4] The chart was renamed Top 40/Dance on September 9, 1989,[5] and last published on December 1, 1990.[6] Unlike the guitar-oriented rock music heard on contemporary hit radio stations at the time, songs that appeared on the Hot Crossover 30 were often typified by their up-tempo nature, featured drum machines and electronic keyboards, and had varied dance, pop, and R&B influences.[7] Club Nouveau's "Lean on Me" was the first of 65 different songs that topped the chart, and Mariah Carey's "Love Takes Time" was the last.[8][9]
To formulate the chart, Billboard created a panel of crossover radio stations which reported their current playlists by rank every week. The magazine converted these ranks to points using a weighting system based on the station's Arbitron rating. The most-played song on a station received a base of 25 points while songs ranked below number 40 received 5 points. The points were multiplied 0.5 times if it was played by a station with a weekly cumulative audience of under 100,000 people, 1 time if the station had an audience between 100,000 and 249,999, 1.5 times if the station had an audience between 250,000 and 499,999, 2 times if the station had an audience between 500,000 and 999,999, and 2.5 times if the station had an audience over 1 million. Songs were eligible to chart regardless of a commercial release, as long as they received a combined 175 points from at least 10 stations.[10]
Hot Crossover 30 allowed programmers at burgeoning crossover stations to observe the national popularity of songs on similar stations, some of which had been previously unrecognized because such stations did not contribute to any other Billboard chart.[7] The Hot Crossover 30 panel of stations originally included those that reported exclusively to the chart and some that also reported to either the Hot 100 or Hot Black Singles charts.[10] Effective September 9, 1989, stations formerly exclusive to the Hot Crossover 30 panel also contributed to the Hot 100.[5] By the chart's last issue on December 1, 1990, Billboard considered its composition of songs too similar to the Hot 100's and announced its discontinuation.[6] The Black/dance/pop crossover genre became known as rhythmic contemporary,[7] and Billboard launched the Top 40/Rhythm-Crossover chart on October 3, 1992.[11]
Chart history
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References
[edit]- ^ Shuker, Roy (2005). Popular Music: The Key Concepts (2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 63. ISBN 0-415-34770-X.
- ^ a b Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 25, 1987. p. 20. ProQuest 1438657829.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 2, 1987. p. 20. ProQuest 1438655322.
- ^ a b Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 17, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1286445450.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 24, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1286473452.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 31, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438670560.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. November 7, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438670383.
- ^ Freeman, Kim (February 28, 1987). "Hot Crossover 30 Chart Tracks New Breed of Radio". Billboard. pp. 1, 83.
- ^ a b "Billboard Creates Top 40/Rock, Top 40/Dance Crossover Charts". Billboard. September 9, 1989. p. 14.
- ^ a b "Billboard Drops Crossover Radio Airplay Charts". Billboard. December 8, 1990. p. 84. ProQuest 1505935972.
- ^ a b c Coddington, Amy (February 2021). "A "Fresh New Music Mix" for the 1980s: Broadcasting Multiculturalism on Crossover Radio". Journal of the Society for American Music. 15 (1): 30-59 [42–43, 52]. doi:10.1017/S1752196320000462. S2CID 231991212.
- ^ a b Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 28, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438652744.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 7, 1987. p. 20. ProQuest 1438653241.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 14, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1286293555.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 21, 1987. p. 18. ProQuest 1438656550.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 28, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438654461.
- ^ a b Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. December 1, 1990. p. 75. ProQuest 1505952765.
- ^ a b "How We Track the Hits". Billboard. October 22, 1988. pp. 4, 7. ProQuest 1438680847, ProQuest 1438680775.
- ^ "Billboard Bows 2 New Top 40 Airplay Charts". Billboard. October 3, 1992. pp. 1, 76. ProQuest 1505917480.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 4, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438656542.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 11, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438656731.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 18, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438657628.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 9, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438660281.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 16, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438663307.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 23, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438657195.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 30, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438663917.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 6, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438657450.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 13, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1286294520.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 20, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438661667.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 27, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438661372.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 4, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438653504.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 11, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438656055.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 18, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438653602.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 25, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438664084.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 1, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438665578.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 8, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438665527.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 15, 1987. p. 20. ProQuest 1438660945.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 22, 1987. p. 20. ProQuest 1438658059.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 29, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438660026.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 5, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438659803.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 12, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1286281131.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 19, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1286287020.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 26, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438660078.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 3, 1987. p. 20. ProQuest 1438661010.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 10, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1286282650.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. November 14, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438670593.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. November 21, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438666124.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. November 28, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438666368.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. December 5, 1987. p. 16. ProQuest 1438666446.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. December 19, 1987. p. 14. ProQuest 1438668734.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one (week of January 2, 1988, cited in following issue):
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. December 19, 1987. p. 14. ProQuest 1438676937.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. December 26, 1987. p. 18. ProQuest 1438676515.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 9, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438676915.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 16, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438676924.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 23, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438669816.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 30, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438669759.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 6, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438673820.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 13, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438673681.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 20, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438673513.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 27, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438679014.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 5, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438680135.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 12, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438679433.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 19, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438678956.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 26, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438674760.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 2, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438678110.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 9, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438678023.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 16, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438678220.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 23, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438675504.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 30, 1988. p. 15. ProQuest 1438677215.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 7, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438675193.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 14, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438678979.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 21, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438681027.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 28, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438680067.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 4, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438683277.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 11, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438682288.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 18, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438683320.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 25, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438683981.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 2, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438671181.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 9, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438675876.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 16, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438676286.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 23, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438677394.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 30, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438676422.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 6, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438680686.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 13, 1988. p. 18. ProQuest 1438679829.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 20, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438677542.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 27, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438686540.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 3, 1988. p. 16. ProQuest 1438685616.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 10, 1988. p. 67. ProQuest 1438686102.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 17, 1988. p. 76. ProQuest 1438686571.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 24, 1988. p. 92. ProQuest 1438678380.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 1, 1988. p. 76. ProQuest 1438678797.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 8, 1988. p. 74. ProQuest 1438678367.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 15, 1988. p. 78. ProQuest 1438679640.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 22, 1988. p. 96. ProQuest 1438687111.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. October 29, 1988. p. 94. ProQuest 1438686970.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. November 5, 1988. p. 72. ProQuest 1438686921.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. November 12, 1988. p. 76. ProQuest 1438687679.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. November 19, 1988. p. 74. ProQuest 1438664588.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. November 26, 1988. p. 88. ProQuest 1438662541.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. December 3, 1988. p. 64. ProQuest 1438664647.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. December 10, 1988. p. 72. ProQuest 1438662821.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one (week of December 31, 1988, cited in following issue):
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. December 17, 1988. p. 60. ProQuest 1438662893.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. December 24, 1988. p. 88. ProQuest 1438671304.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 7, 1989. p. 68. ProQuest 1438671656.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 7, 1989. p. 68. ProQuest 1438671656.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 14, 1989. p. 72. ProQuest 1438672510.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 21, 1989. p. 85. ProQuest 1438672468.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. January 28, 1989. p. 75. ProQuest 1438685198.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 4, 1989. p. 77. ProQuest 1438685862.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 11, 1989. p. 89. ProQuest 1438680197.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 18, 1989. p. 87. ProQuest 1438685620.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. February 25, 1989. p. 77. ProQuest 1438683109.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 4, 1989. p. 85. ProQuest 1438691003.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 11, 1989. p. 90. ProQuest 1286286277.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 18, 1989. p. 83. ProQuest 1286286203.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. March 25, 1989. p. 73. ProQuest 1438691352.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 1, 1989. p. 77. ProQuest 1438690671.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 8, 1989. p. 79. ProQuest 1438694030.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 15, 1989. p. 77. ProQuest 1438688629.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 22, 1989. p. 80. ProQuest 1286463148.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. April 29, 1989. p. 77. ProQuest 1438694137.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 6, 1989. p. 90. ProQuest 1286484937.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 13, 1989. p. 79. ProQuest 1286467749.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 20, 1989. p. 75. ProQuest 1286319540.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. May 27, 1989. p. 79. ProQuest 1286293281.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 3, 1989. p. 81. ProQuest 1438689251.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 10, 1989. p. 79. ProQuest 1438691397.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 17, 1989. p. 83. ProQuest 1286490280.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. June 24, 1989. p. 91. ProQuest 1438699202.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 1, 1989. p. 79. ProQuest 1438688804.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 8, 1989. p. 73. ProQuest 1286410233.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 15, 1989. p. 71. ProQuest 1438700372.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 22, 1989. p. 80. ProQuest 1286479189.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. July 29, 1989. p. 71. ProQuest 1505969490.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 5, 1989. p. 85. ProQuest 1438689007.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 12, 1989. p. 79. ProQuest 1438697009.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 19, 1989. p. 79. ProQuest 1438696331.
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. August 26, 1989. p. 93. ProQuest 1438696572.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Hot Crossover 30". Billboard. September 2, 1989. p. 75. ProQuest 1438694913.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 9, 1989. p. 87.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 16, 1989. p. 93. ProQuest 1438698033.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 23, 1989. p. 92. ProQuest 1438699759.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 30, 1989. p. 81. ProQuest 1438701104.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. October 7, 1989. p. 87.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. October 14, 1989. p. 91. ProQuest 1438695692.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. October 21, 1989. p. 85. ProQuest 1438695897.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. October 28, 1989. p. 105. ProQuest 1438696247.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. November 4, 1989. p. 85. ProQuest 1438697626.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. November 11, 1989. p. 97. ProQuest 1438697748.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. November 18, 1989. p. 89. ProQuest 1438697654.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. November 25, 1989. p. 76. ProQuest 1438707483.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. December 2, 1989. p. 71. ProQuest 1438692835.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. December 9, 1989. p. 79. ProQuest 1438692729.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one (week of December 30, 1989, cited in following issue):
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. December 16, 1989. p. 71. ProQuest 1438693021.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. December 23, 1989. p. 103. ProQuest 1438689198.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. January 6, 1990. p. 82. ProQuest 1505987249.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. January 13, 1990. p. 71. ProQuest 1505988007.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. January 20, 1990. p. 71. ProQuest 1506005693.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. January 27, 1990. p. 91. ProQuest 1505988754.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. February 3, 1990. p. 83. ProQuest 1505987373.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. February 10, 1990. p. 78. ProQuest 1505982296.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. February 17, 1990. p. 94. ProQuest 1505983231.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. February 24, 1990. p. 90. ProQuest 1505983798.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. March 3, 1990. p. 77. ProQuest 1505927870.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. March 10, 1990. p. 85. ProQuest 1505926787.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. March 17, 1990. p. 104. ProQuest 1505928266.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. March 24, 1990. p. 76. ProQuest 1505928012.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. March 31, 1990. p. 79. ProQuest 1505939439.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. April 7, 1990. p. 84. ProQuest 1505927504.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. April 14, 1990. p. 79. ProQuest 1505928016.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. April 21, 1990. p. 76. ProQuest 1505939268.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. May 5, 1990. p. 81. ProQuest 1505975298.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. May 12, 1990. p. 91. ProQuest 1505961798.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. May 19, 1990. p. 83. ProQuest 1505975104.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. May 26, 1990. p. 95. ProQuest 1505975831.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. June 2, 1990. p. 89. ProQuest 1505976060.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. June 9, 1990. p. 87. ProQuest 1505975755.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. June 16, 1990. p. 93. ProQuest 1505961558.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. June 23, 1990. p. 77. ProQuest 1505976009.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. June 30, 1990. p. 89. ProQuest 1505962030.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. July 7, 1990. p. 73. ProQuest 1505975172.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. July 14, 1990. p. 80. ProQuest 1505936569.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. July 21, 1990. p. 81. ProQuest 1505887864.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. July 28, 1990. p. 73. ProQuest 1505887535.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. August 4, 1990. p. 77. ProQuest 1505899770.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. August 11, 1990. p. 83. ProQuest 1505888711.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. August 18, 1990. p. 79. ProQuest 1505900919.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. August 25, 1990. p. 94. ProQuest 1505887710.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 1, 1990. p. 79. ProQuest 1505899818.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 8, 1990. p. 79. ProQuest 1505900348.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 15, 1990. p. 100. ProQuest 1505900721.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 22, 1990. p. 81. ProQuest 1505901909.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. September 29, 1990. p. 94. ProQuest 1505901325.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. October 6, 1990. p. 78. ProQuest 1505901742.
- ^ Citations for each week at number one:
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. October 13, 1990. p. 86. ProQuest 1505934006.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. October 20, 1990. p. 85. ProQuest 1505949139.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. October 27, 1990. p. 86. ProQuest 1505964656.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. November 3, 1990. p. 97. ProQuest 1505951586.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. November 10, 1990. p. 97. ProQuest 1505950501.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. November 17, 1990. p. 81. ProQuest 1505950212.
- "Crossover Radio Airplay". Billboard. November 24, 1990. p. 81. ProQuest 1505951780.