Liberal Democratic Congress
This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009) |
Liberal Democratic Congress Kongres Liberalno Demokratyczny | |
---|---|
Leader | Janusz Lewandowski (first) Donald Tusk (last) |
Founders | Donald Tusk Janusz Lewandowski |
Founded | 29 June 1990 |
Dissolved | 23 April 1994 |
Merged into | Freedom Union |
Ideology | Conservative liberalism Pro-Europeanism |
Political position | Centre-right |
National affiliation | Centre Agreement (until 1991) |
European affiliation | European Democrat Union |
Timeline of Polish liberal parties after 1989 |
• Citizens' Movement for Democratic Action /ROAD (1990–1991) • Liberal Democratic Congress /KLD (1990–1994) • Democratic Union /UD (1991–1994) • Freedom Union /UW (1994–2005) • Democratic Party /PD (2005– ) • Palikot's Movement /RP (2011–2013) • Your Movement /TR (2013– ) • Modern/.N (2015– ) |
The Liberal Democratic Congress (Polish: Kongres Liberalno-Demokratyczny (KLD)) was a conservative-liberal political party in Poland.[1]
The party, led by Donald Tusk, had roots in the Solidarity movement. It advocated free market economy and individual liberty (however in Catholic understanding), rejected extremism and fanaticism and favoured European integration (in the form of European Union membership), rapid privatisation of the enterprises still owned by the Polish state and decentralisation of the government.
Until 1991, was a part of the Centre Agreement led by the Kaczyński brothers. In the 1991 general elections KLD got 7.5% of the votes and 37 seats in the Sejm (total 460 seats). In 1993 KLD got 4.0% of the votes and was left without seats.
It merged on March 20, 1994 with the Democratic Union (Unia Demokratyczna) into the Freedom Union (Unia Wolności, UW). In January 2001, some of the former KLD members decided to move to join the new Civic Platform. The KLD group within Civic Platform is now seen as moderate conservative. The liberal faction within Civic Platform is small and insignificant, represented by such politicians as Bartłomiej Sienkiewicz and Adam Szejnfeld.
Election results
[edit]Sejm
[edit]Election year | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1991 | 839,978 | 7.49 (#7) | 37 / 460
|
37 | PC–ZChN–PSL-PL–SLCh (1991–1992) |
UD–ZChN–PChD–KLD–PSL-PL–SLCh–PPPP (1992–1993) | |||||
1993 | 550,578 | 3.99 (#10) | 0 / 460
|
37 | Extra-parliamentary |
Senate
[edit]Election year | Seats | +/– | Government |
---|---|---|---|
1991 | 6 / 100
|
PC–ZChN–PSL-PL–SLCh (1991–1992) | |
UD–ZChN–PChD–KLD–PSL-PL–SLCh–PPPP (1992–1993) | |||
1993 | 1 / 100
|
5 | SLD–PSL |
References
[edit]- ^ Jerzy Szacki (1994). Liberalism After Communism. Central European University Press. p. 182. ISBN 978-1-85866-016-5.
See also
[edit]- List of Liberal Democratic Congress politicians
- Contributions to liberal theory
- List of liberal parties
- Liberal democracy
the Sejm
- United Right (191)
- Law and Justice (165)
- Sovereign Poland (18)
- Renew RP (5)
- Polish Affairs (1)
- Independent (2)*
- Civic Coalition (157)
- Civic Platform (127)
- Modern (6)
- Polish Initiative (4)
- The Greens (3)
- AGROunion (1)
- Yes! For Poland (1)
- Independents (15)**
- The Left (26)
- New Left (19)
- Left Together (7)
- Poland 2050 (33)
- Polish Coalition (32)
- Polish People's Party (28)
- Centre for Poland (3)
- Independent (1)***
- Confederation (18)
- Kukiz'15 (3)
the Senate
- United Right (34)
- Law and Justice (29)
- Sovereign Poland (1)
- Independents (4)
- Civic Coalition (41)
- Civic Platform (36)
- Yes! For Poland (1)
- Independents (4)
- Third Way (Poland) (12)
- Poland 2050 (5)
- Polish People's Party (4)
- Centre for Poland (1)
- Union of European Democrats (1)
- Independent (1)
- The Left (9)
- New Left (5)
- Left Together (2)
- Polish Socialist Party (1)
- Labour Union (1)
- Independents (4)
European Parliament
- Civic Coalition (21)
- Civic Platform (17)
- Polish Initiative (1)
- Independents (3)
- United Right (20)
- Law and Justice (18)
- United Poland (2)
- Confederation (6)
- Confederation (3)
- New Hope (2)
- Confederation of the Polish Crown (1)
- Third Way (3)
- Polish People's Party (2)
- Poland 2050 (1)
- The Left (3)
- New Left (3)
and
political movements
- Polish Coalition
- Confederation
- United Beyond Boundaries
- Better Poland
- Civic Initiative
- Christian Democracy of the Third Polish Republic
- Common Powiat
- Edward Gierek's Economic Revival Movement
- Farmers from the Baltic to the Tatras
- Falanga
- First Self-Governance League
- Freedom and Equality
- Jurassic-Silesian Association European Home
- Kashubian Association
- Labour Party
- League of Polish Families
- National Party of Retirees and Pensioners
- National Radical Camp (1993)*
- National Revival of Poland
- New Democracy - Yes
- Bezpartyjni Samorządowcy
- Organisation of the Polish Nation – Polish League
- Peasants' Party
- Piast Faction
- Polish Left
- Polish Pirate Party
- Polish Party of Animal Protection
- Polish Communist Party
- Real Politics Union
- Right Wing of the Republic
- Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
- Self-Defence Rebirth
- Silesian Autonomy Movement*
- Silesian Regional Party*
- Silesian Separatist Movement*
- Socialist Alternative
- Social Movement of the Republic of Poland
- Solidarity*
- Slavic Union
- There is One Poland
- Workers' Democracy
- Freedomers
- German Minority****
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
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Communist era |
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*: Zbigniew Ajchler
**: Piotr Adamowicz et al.,
***: Marek Biernacki
****: not currently registered as a party