List of marine ecoregions
The following is a list of marine ecoregions, as defined by the WWF and The Nature Conservancy
The WWF/Nature Conservancy scheme groups the individual ecoregions into 12 marine realms, which represent the broad latitudinal divisions of polar, temperate, and tropical seas, with subdivisions based on ocean basins. The marine realms are subdivided into 62 marine provinces, which include one or more of the 232 marine ecoregions.
The WWF/Nature Conservancy scheme currently encompasses only coastal and continental shelf areas.[a][b]
(no provinces identified)
- North Greenland
- North and East Iceland
- East Greenland Shelf
- West Greenland Shelf
- Northern Grand Banks-Southern Labrador
- Northern Labrador
- Baffin Bay-Davis Strait
- Hudson Complex
- Lancaster Sound
- High Arctic Archipelago
- Beaufort-Admunsen-Viscount Melville-Queen Maud
- Beaufort Sea-continental coast and shelf
- Chukchi Sea
- Eastern Bering Sea
- East Siberian Sea
- Laptev Sea
- Kara Sea
- North and East Barents Sea
- White Sea
Northern European Seas
[edit]- South and West Iceland
- Faroe Plateau
- Southern Norway
- Northern Norway and Finnmark
- Baltic Sea
- North Sea
- Celtic Seas
Lusitanian
[edit]- Adriatic Sea
- Aegean Sea
- Levantine Sea
- Tunisian Plateau/Gulf of Sidra
- Ionian Sea
- Western Mediterranean
- Alboran Sea
Black Sea
[edit]Cold Temperate Northwest Atlantic
[edit]- Gulf of St. Lawrence-Eastern Scotian Shelf
- Southern Grand Banks-South Newfoundland
- Scotian Shelf
- Gulf of Maine-Bay of Fundy
- Virginian
- Carolinian
- Northern Gulf of Mexico
- Aleutian Islands
- Gulf of Alaska
- North American Pacific Fjordland
- Puget Trough/Georgia Basin
- Oregon, Washington, Vancouver Coast and Shelf
- Northern California
- Bermuda
- Bahamian
- Eastern Caribbean
- Greater Antilles
- Southwestern Caribbean
- Western Caribbean
- Southern Gulf of Mexico
- Floridian
- Sao Pedro and Sao Paulo Islands
- Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas
- Northeastern Brazil
- Eastern Brazil
- Trindade and Martin Vaz Islands
St. Helena and Ascension Islands
[edit]- Gulf of Guinea West
- Gulf of Guinea Upwelling
- Gulf of Guinea Central
- Gulf of Guinea Islands
- Gulf of Guinea South
- Angolan
- Northern Monsoon Current Coast
- East African Coral Coast
- Seychelles
- Cargados Carajos
- Tromelin Island
- Mascarene Islands
- Southeast Madagascar
- Western and Northern Madagascar
- Bight of Sofala/Swamp Coast
- Delagoa
- Western India
- South India and Sri Lanka
- Eastern India
- Northern Bay of Bengal
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Andaman Sea Coral Coast
- Western Sumatra
- Gulf of Tonkin
- Southern China
- South China Sea Oceanic Islands
- Gulf of Thailand
- Southern Vietnam
- Sunda Shelf/Java Sea
- Malacca Strait
Java Transitional
[edit]- Southern Java
- Cocos-Keeling/Christmas Island
South Kuroshio
[edit]- South Kuroshio
Tropical Northwestern Pacific
[edit]- Ogasawara Islands
- Mariana Islands
- East Caroline Islands
- West Caroline Islands
Western Coral Triangle
[edit]- Palawan/North Borneo
- Eastern Philippines
- Sulawesi Sea/Makassar Strait
- Halmahera
- Papua
- Banda Sea
- Lesser Sunda
- Northeast Sulawesi
Eastern Coral Triangle
[edit]- Bismarck Sea
- Solomon Archipelago
- Solomon Sea
- Southeast Papua New Guinea
Northeast Australian Shelf
[edit]Northwest Australian Shelf
[edit]Tropical Southwestern Pacific
[edit]Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands
[edit]- Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands
Hawaii
[edit]Marquesas
[edit]Easter Island
[edit]- Revillagigedos
- Clipperton
- Mexican Tropical Pacific
- Chiapas-Nicaragua
- Nicoya
- Cocos Islands
- Panama Bight
- Guayaquil
- Central Peru
- Humboldtian
- Central Chile
- Araucanian
Juan Fernandez and Desventuradas
[edit]Magellanic
[edit]- North Patagonian Gulfs
- Patagonian Shelf
- Falkland Islands
- Channels and Fjords of Southern Chile
- Chiloense
Tristan-Gough
[edit]Benguela
[edit]- Namib
- Namaqua
Agulhas
[edit]- Agulhas Bank
- Natal
Amsterdam-St Paul
[edit]Northern New Zealand
[edit]- Kermadec Islands (195)
- Northeastern New Zealand (196)
- Three Kings-North Cape (197)
Southern New Zealand
[edit]- Chatham Island (198)
- Central New Zealand (199)
- South New Zealand (200)
- Snares Island (201)
- Tweed-Moreton (202)
- Manning-Hawkesbury (203)
- Cape Howe (204)
- Bassian (205)
- Western Bassian (206)
- South Australian Gulfs (207)
- Great Australian Bight (208)
- Leeuwin (209)
- Macquarie Island
- Heard Island and McDonald Islands
- Kerguelen Islands
- Crozet Islands
- Prince Edward Islands
- Bouvet Island
- Peter the First Island
- South Sandwich Islands
- South Georgia
- South Orkney Islands
- South Shetland Islands
- Antarctic Peninsula
- East Antarctic Wilkes Land
- East Antarctic Enderby Land
- East Antarctic Dronning Maud Land
- Weddell Sea
- Amundsen/Bellingshausen Sea
- Ross Sea
See also
[edit]
Notes
[edit]- ^ One classification of the deep oceans is PPOW:
Spalding, Mark D.; Agostini, Vera N.; Rice, Jake; Grant, Susie M. (2012). "Pelagic provinces of the world: A biogeographic classification of the world's surface pelagic waters". Ocean & Coastal Management. 60: 19–30. Bibcode:2012OCM....60...19S. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.12.016.
- ^ Ocean-floor environments are examined in Watling, et al. 2013:
Watling, Les; Guinotte, John; Clark, Malcolm R.; Smith, Craig R. (April 2013). "A proposed biogeography of the deep ocean floor" (PDF). Progress in Oceanography. 111: 91–112. Bibcode:2013PrOce.111...91W. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2012.11.003.
References
[edit]- Spalding, Mark D., Helen E. Fox, Gerald R. Allen, Nick Davidson et al. "Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas". Bioscience Vol. 57 No. 7, July/August 2007, pp. 573–583.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marine ecosystems.
- World Wildlife Fund—WWF: Marine Ecoregions of the World (MEOW)
- Queries listing ecoregions [1] and provinces [2] from Wikidata
