Sindhi Sammat
The Sammat (Sindhi: سنڌي سماٽ; sammāṭ, samāṭr, sammāṭh) is the indigenous community of Sindhi people consisting of old local tribes, they are a large community in Sindhi Muslims.[1][2] Hindu Sammats are also extant.[3]
Sammat refers to Sindhis with indigenous origins.[4][5] The Sammat tribes have existed in the region since ancient times.[6] The Sammats are considered to be a traditionally privileged group in the Sindhi society.[7] Sammat rulers were praised by Bhittai, a popular 18th century poet of the Sindhi language.[3] In contemporary Sindh, the Sammat castes are regarded as second in rank to Sayeds and other castes of Arab descent.[8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Jones, Allen Keith (2003). Politics in Sindh, 1907 - 1940: Muslim identity and the demand for Pakistan. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN 9780195795936.
The vast majority of the Sindhi Muslim population—roughly 70 per cent—comprised of Pukka Sindhis, persons belonging to the Jat, Sammat....
- ^ Shah, Nafisa (31 December 2022). "Introduction. Honour Violence, Law and Power in Upper Sindh". Honour and Violence: Gender, Power and Law in Southern Pakistan. Berghahn Books: 16. doi:10.1515/9781785330827-006. ISBN 978-1-78533-082-7.
- ^ a b Hussain 2022, p. 476.
- ^ Weekes, Richard V. (1984). Muslims Peoples: A World Ethnographic Survey; Second Edition, Revised and Expanded (Second ed.). Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. p. 685. ISBN 0-313-23392-6.
Sammat to refer to those Sindhis with indigenous origins
- ^ Abdulla, Ahmed (1973). The Historical Background of Pakistan and Its People. Tanzeem Publishers. p. 96.
Among others are the Bhuttos, Bhattis, Lakha, Sahetas, Lohanas, Mohano, Dahars, Indhar, Chachar, Dhareja, Rathors, Dakhan, Langah etc. The Mohano tribe is spread over Makran, Sind and southern Punjab. They are also identified with the "Mallah' of the Punjab and both have in common a sub-section called Manjari. All these old Sindhi tribes are known under the common nomenclature of Sammat.
- ^ Talbot, Ian (1990). Provincial politics and the Pakistan movement: the growth of the Muslim League in North-West and North-East India 1937 - 47 (2. impr ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 37. ISBN 9780195773873.
- ^ Hussain 2022, p. 469.
- ^ Hussain 2022, p. 487.
Bibliography
[edit]- Hussain, Ghulam (2 October 2022). "The politics of metaphor: traces of casteism and patriarchy in the work of Shah Abdul Latif". Postcolonial Studies. 25 (4). Routledge: 469–488. doi:10.1080/13688790.2021.1923154. ISSN 1368-8790.