Women's suffrage organizations and publications
 | It has been suggested that this article should be split into articles titled List of women's suffrage organizations and List of women's suffrage publications. (discuss) (July 2024) |
Women's suffrage organizations
[edit]International
[edit]- International Alliance of Women – founded in 1904 to promote women's suffrage.[1]
- Woman's Christian Temperance Union – active in the suffrage movement, especially in the U.S. and New Zealand.
Australia
[edit]- Victorian Women's Suffrage Society - founded in 1884, the local suffrage organisation of Victoria and the first suffrage organisation in Australia
- Women's Suffrage League - founded in 1888, spearheaded the campaign for women's right to vote in South Australia.[2]
Belgium
[edit]- Ligue belge du droit des femmes (Belgian League for the Rights of Women), founded 1892, concerned with voting rights from 1912.[3]
- Union des femmes de Wallonie – Belgian organization founded in 1912 for women in the French-speaking province of Wallonia.[4]
Brazil
[edit]- Federação Brasileira pelo Progresso Feminino (FBPF) – Brazilian organisation from 1922.[5]
Britain
[edit]- National Society for Women's Suffrage – Britain's first large suffrage organization, founded in 1867 by Lydia Becker.
- Women's Franchise League – major British group created in 1889 by Emmeline Pankhurst.
- Women's Freedom League – British group founded in 1907 by 70 members of the Women's Social and Political Union in a breakaway following rules changes by Christabel Pankhurst.
- Jewish League for Woman Suffrage - founded in 1912, thought to be the only Jewish suffrage group in the world.[6]
Bulgaria
[edit]- Bulgarian Women's Union (Bulgarskiat Zhenski Suyut) – Bulgarian organization from 1901 to 1944.[7]
Canada
[edit]- Canadian Women's Suffrage Association – founded 1877, name changed in 1883 to Toronto Women's Suffrage Association.[8]
China
[edit]- Nüzi canzheng tongmenghui – Chinese organisation from 1912
Denmark
[edit]- Danish Women's Society (Dansk Kvindesamfund), founded 1871.
- Danske Kvindeforeningers Valgretsforbund (Danish Women's Society's Suffrage Union) – founded in 1898.[9]
- Kvindelig Fremskridtsforening (Women's Progress Association), 1885–1893.
- Kvindevalgretsforeningen (Women's Suffrage Association), 1889–1898.
- Landsforbundet for Kvinders Valgret (National Association for Women's Suffrage), 1907–1915.
Egypt
[edit]- Egyptian Feminist Union - founded 1923, Egyptian organisation that fought for women’s suffrage
Finland
[edit]- Suomen Naisyhdistys or Finsk kvinnoförening (Finnish Women's Organization), founded 1884.
- Naisasialiitto Unioni – founded 1892, Finnish arm of the International Alliance of Women
France
[edit]- Fédération Française des Sociétés Féministes (French Federation of Feminist Societies), 1891–1893.
- French Union for Women's Suffrage (Union française pour le suffrage des femmes, UFSF), 1909–1940.[10]
- Ligue Française pour le Droit des Femmes (French League for Women's Rights), 1882–1950s.
Germany
[edit]- Deutscher Verband für Frauenstimmrecht (German Union for Women's Suffrage), 1902–1919.
Greece
[edit]- Greek League for Women's Rights ( Σύνδεσμος για τα Δικαιώματα της Γυναίκας), founded 1920.[11]
Hungary
[edit]- Feministák Egyesülete (Feminist Association), 1904–1942.
Iceland
[edit]- Icelandic Women's Rights Association (Kvenréttindafélag Íslands), founded 1907.
Ireland
[edit]- Dublin Women's Suffrage Association – major Irish organization.[12]
- Irish Women's Franchise League – founded in 1908, more radical than the Dublin Association.[13]
- Irish Women's Suffrage Society – founded by Isabella Tod as the North of Ireland Women's Suffrage Society in 1872, it was based in Belfast but had branches in other parts of the north.[14]
- Women's National Health Association – founded in 1907 to combat tuberculosis and infant mortality.
Italy
[edit]- Associazione per la donna – early Italian organization founded in 1896 with an emphasis on defending women's rights.[15]
Japan
[edit]- Fusen Kakutoku Dōmei (League for Women's Suffrage) – Japanese organisation.[16]
Lithuania
[edit]- Lithuanian Women's Association (Lietuvos moterų susivienijimas), active 1905.
Malta
[edit]- Women of Malta Association – founded 1944
Netherlands
[edit]- Vereeniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht – Dutch organization from 1894 to 1919.
- Nederlandsche Bond voor Vrouwenkiesrecht – Dutch organization from 1907 to 1920.
New Zealand
[edit]- Women's Christian Temperance Union of New Zealand – led the petition campaign that successfully led in 1893 to the first self-governing nation to grant woman suffrage
Norway
[edit]- Kvindestemmeretsforeningen (Women's Voting Rights Association), 1885–1913.
- Norwegian Association for Women's Rights, Norsk Kvinnesaksforening, founded 1884.
- National Association for Women's Suffrage (Landskvinnestemmerettsforeningen) – Norwegian organization from 1898 to 1913.
Poland
[edit]- Polish Women's League (Liga Kobiet Polskich), founded 1913.
Russia
[edit]- League for Women's Equality (Всероссийская лига равноправия женщин), 1907–1917
- Union for Women's Equality (Всероссийский союз равноправия женщин), 1905–1917
Spain
[edit]- Asociación Nacional de Mujeres Españolas – Spanish organization from 1918 to 1936.[17]
Sweden
[edit]- Fredrika Bremer Association (Fredrika Bremer Förbundet), founded 1884
- Gothenburg's Women's Association (Göteborgs Kvinnoförening), 1884–1891
- National Association for Women's Suffrage (Landsföreningen för kvinnans politiska rösträtt) – Swedish organization from 1902 to 1921
Turkey
[edit]- Türk Kadinlar Birligi – main suffrage organization in Turkey, founded 1924
Switzerland
[edit]- Association internationale des femmes (International Association of Women), Geneva, 1868–1872
United Kingdom
[edit]- National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies – a major United Kingdom organization.
- National Society for Women's Suffrage – Britain's first large suffrage organization, founded in 1867 by Lydia Becker
- Women's Social and Political Union – a major suffrage organization in United Kingdom (breakaway from the National Union for Women's Suffrage).
- Women's Freedom League – British group founded in 1907 by 70 members of the Women's Social and Political Union in a breakaway following rules changes by Christabel Pankhurst
- Women's Franchise League – major British group created in 1889 by Emmeline Pankhurst
- Men's League for Women's Suffrage
- Northern Men's League for Women's Suffrage
- Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage
- Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women's Suffrage
- Actresses' Franchise League
United States
[edit]- Alpha Suffrage Club – believed to be the first black women's suffrage association in the United States, it began in Chicago, Illinois in 1913 under the initiative of Ida B. Wells-Barnett and Belle Squire.[18]
- American Equal Rights Association – from 1866 to 1869, early attempt at a national organization by Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony and others.[19]
- American Woman Suffrage Association – American suffrage organization formed in 1869 by Lucy Stone and Antoinette Brown Blackwell after a split in the American Equal Rights Association. It joined the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) in 1890.[20]
- College Equal Suffrage League – U.S. group founded in 1900 by Maud Wood Park and Inez Haynes Irwin to attract younger women to the movement. Merged with NAWSA in 1908.[21]
- Congressional Union – radical U.S. organization formed in 1913 to campaign for a constitutional amendment for women's voting rights. Led by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns, In 1915 changed its name to National Woman's Party.[22]
- Equal Franchise Society – created and joined by American women of wealth, a politically active organization conducted within a socially comfortable milieu.[23]
- Indiana Woman's Suffrage Association – founded in 1852 to help women gain the right to vote.[24]
- Leslie Woman Suffrage Commission, formed by Carrie Chapman Catt in March 1917 using funds willed for the purpose by Miriam Leslie. The commission, based in New York City, promoted woman's suffrage by educating the public and was affiliated with NAWSA.
- The Men's League, formed by Oswald Garrison Villard with Max Eastman. Also known as the Men's Equal Suffrage League, Men's League for Woman Suffrage and the National Men's League for Woman Suffrage.[25][26][27]
- National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) – formed in 1890 by the joining of the American Woman Suffrage Association and the National Woman Suffrage Association.[28]
- National Woman's Party – major United States organization founded in 1915 by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns to campaign for a constitutional amendment. Organized the Silent Sentinels. From 1913 to 1915 the same core group's name was the Congressional Union.[29]
- National Women's Rights Convention – a series of major U.S. organizing conventions, held from 1850 to 1869.
- National Woman Suffrage Association – American organization founded in 1869 by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton after the split in the American Equal Rights Association, joined NAWSA in 1890.
- New England Woman Suffrage Association (NEWSA) – formed in 1868 as the first major political organization with women's suffrage as its goal, active until 1920, principal leaders were Julia Ward Howe and Lucy Stone, played key role in forming the American Woman Suffrage Association.
- Silent Sentinels – Members of the National Woman's Party who picketed America's White House from January 1917 to June 1919 during Woodrow Wilson's presidency and until the 19th Amendment was passed, initiated and led by Alice Paul.
- Woman's Christian Temperance Union – active in the suffrage movement, especially in the US and created the World WCTU which sent missionaries around the world, including to New Zealand
- Women's Trade Union League – American organization formed in 1903, later involved with the campaign for the 19th amendment.
Massachusetts
[edit]- Boston Equal Suffrage Association for Good Government – an American organization devoted to women's suffrage in Massachusetts, it was active from 1901 to 1920.[30]
New York
[edit]- Woman Suffrage Party – inclusive New York suffrage party founded by Carrie Chapman Catt.
Women's suffrage publications
[edit]
Back cover of The Woman Citizen magazine from January 19, 1918 - Suffragette Sally – a 1911 suffrage novel by Gertrude Colmore.
International
[edit]- Jus Suffragii – official journal of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance, published monthly from 1906 to 1924.[31]
Belgium
[edit]- Ligue belge du droit des femmes (1892–1914)
Denmark
[edit]- Kvinden & Samfundet (Woman & Society), founded 1885 by the Danish Women's Society.
France
[edit]- L'Union nationale des femmes (National Union for the Vote for Women), French journal, which advocated for women's right to vote and equal rights (1927-1964)
Russia
[edit]- Women's Union (Союз женщин), published by the Union for Women's Equality, 1907–1909.
Sweden
[edit]United Kingdom
[edit]- Suffrage Atelier – publishing collective in England, founded in 1909.[32]
- The Freewoman – feminist weekly which, among other topics, covered the suffrage movement; published between November 1911 and October 1912 and edited by Dora Marsden and Mary Gawthorpe.[33]
- The Irish Citizen—the official publication of the Irish Women's Franchise League, published between 1912 and 1920.[34]
- Suffragette Sally – 1911 suffrage novel by Gertrude Colmore.[35]
- The Vote – publication of British Women's Freedom League.[36]
- Votes for Women – 1907–1918 newspaper, the official paper of the Women's Social and Political Union, United Kingdom.[34]
- The Women's Dreadnought - official publication of the East London Federation of Suffragettes, began publishing in 1914.[34]
- Women's Suffrage Journal – magazine published 1871–1890 in the United Kingdom.[37]
United States
[edit]- Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution – giving women the right to vote in the United States, ratified in 1920.[38]
- Declaration of Sentiments – major statement for women's rights, including the right to vote, passed and signed at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848; mainly written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton.[39]
- History of Woman Suffrage – six books produced from 1881 to 1922 by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Matilda Joslyn Gage and Ida Husted Harper.[40]
- The Forerunner -- United States journal created by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, supporting feminism and women's suffrage.[41]
- The Liberator – weekly newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison which, although primarily supporting abolition of slavery, also took up the suffrage cause from 1838 until it closed in 1865.[42]
- The Lily—published between 1849 and 1856 and edited by Amelia Bloomer.[41]
- Lucifer, the Light-Bearer—publication in the U.S. supporting women's rights from 1883 to 1907.[41]
- Maryland Suffrage News—Founded in 1912 for the Just Government League of Maryland.[41]
- The Revolution – weekly US newspaper, 1868–1872; official publication of the National Woman Suffrage Association.[41]
- The Suffragist – 1913–1920 newspaper of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage.[41]
- The Una – 1853 paper devoted to the enfranchisement of woman, owned and edited by Paulina Wright Davis, and first published in Providence, Rhode Island.[43][44] The Una was the first paper focused on woman suffrage, and the first distinctively woman's rights journal.[45]
- Woman's Journal and Suffrage News – major weekly newspaper founded by Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell in 1870, eventually absorbed other suffrage publications.[41]
- The Woman's Tribune – newspaper published from 1883 to 1909 by Clara Bewick Colby.[41]
- The Woman Voter—U.S. publication first published in 1910 by the Woman Suffrage Party.[41]
- Woodhull & Claflin's Weekly—women's rights newspaper in the United States.[41]
See also
[edit]- List of suffragists and suffragettes
- Timeline of women's suffrage
- Timeline of first women's suffrage in majority-Muslim countries
- Women's suffrage in Australia
- Women's suffrage in Japan
- Women's suffrage in New Zealand
- Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
- Women's suffrage in the United States
- Open Christmas Letter
- Seneca Falls Convention
- Suffrage Hikes
References
[edit]- ^ "What is IAW". International Alliance of Women. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "Women and Politics in South Australia". Parliament of South Australia. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
- ^ Jacques, Catherine (2009). "Le féminisme en Belgique de la fin du 19e siècle aux années 1970". Courrier Hebdomadaire du Crisp (in French) (7). Courrier hebdomadaire du CRISP, No 2012-2013: 5–54. doi:10.3917/cris.2012.0005. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
- ^ "Union des femmes de Wallonie" (in French). Connaître la Wallonie. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
- ^ "Série "1922 – Hoje, há 100 anos" VI e série "Feministas, graças a Deus!" XI – A fundação da Federação Brasileira pelo Progresso Feminino". Brasiliana Fotografica (in Portuguese). 9 August 2022. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
- ^ "Jewish League for Woman Suffrage | Jewish Women's Archive". jwa.org. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
- ^ de Haan, Daskalova & Loutfi 2006, p. 236.
- ^ "Constitution and rules of the Canadian Women's Suffrage Association : inaugurated at a public conversazione held in the city council chamber of Toronto on 9th March, 1883". Laurier. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ Larsen, Jytte. "Liste over kvindeorganisationer og valgretsforeninger fra 1871-1913". Kilde 26 (in Danish). Retrieved 20 March 2023.
- ^ "French Union for Women's Suffrage (Union Française Pour Le Suffrage Des Femmes, UFSF) (1908-1940)". Towards Emancipation?. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "Greek League for Women's Rights". European Institute for Gender Equality. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ O'Neill, Marie (1985). "The Dublin Women's Suffrage Association and Its Successors". Dublin Historical Record. 38 (4): 126–140. ISSN 0012-6861. JSTOR 30100670 – via JSTOR.
- ^ Maxwell, Nick (2013-03-13). "Irish Women's Franchise League and Irish Women's Workers' Union". History Ireland. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "Belfast suffragettes". Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- ^ Pecora, Elli Sensi (2016-03-21). "Elisa Agnini, la suffragetta italiana". Pasionaria (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ Garon, Sheldon (1993). "Women's Groups and the Japanese State: Contending Approaches to Political Integration, 1890-1945". Journal of Japanese Studies. 19 (1): 7. doi:10.2307/132863. ISSN 0095-6848. JSTOR 132863.
- ^ "Asociacion nacional de mujeres españolas (ANME)". Artehistoria. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ Hendricks, Wanda A. "Alpha Suffrage Club". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "American Equal Rights Association". Britannica. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "American Woman Suffrage Association". Britannica. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "The College Equal Suffrage League". KU Libraries Exhibits. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ Bell, Alyssa; Crawford, Alyssa; Thomas, Zach; Han, Samantha. "Chapter 1: The Congressional Union 1913-1916". National Woman's Party Project. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ Petrash 2013, p. 101.
- ^ "Indiana's First Woman's Rights Convention". Indiana Historical Bureau. 2020-12-07. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "The Suffrage Cause and Bryn Mawr – American Speakers II". Bryn Mawr. Retrieved 2020-10-12.
- ^ Neuman, Johanna (July 2017). "Who Won Women's Suffrage? A Case for 'Mere Men'". The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. 16 (3): 347–367. doi:10.1017/S1537781417000081. ISSN 1537-7814.
- ^ "They Remembered the Ladies and Did Much More Than That". Brooke Kroeger. 2017-05-30. Retrieved 2020-10-13.
- ^ "The National American Woman Suffrage Association". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ Parolin, Sara; Keosombath, Monica. "Chapter 2: Launching the National Woman's Party". National Woman's Party Project. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "Site of the Boston Equal Suffrage Association for Good Government (BESAGG) Office". U.S. National Park Service. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "Jus Suffragii". Jane Addams Digital Edition. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ Heath, Alex (2018-04-04). "Clemence and Laurence Housman found the Suffrage Atelier". COVE. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "Freewoman". Modernist Journals Project. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ a b c "Suffrage Journals". Woman Suffrage Memorabilia. 2 January 2014. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "Why read Suffragette Sally?". Shepherd. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ Albert, Tessa (2018-11-04). "Women's Freedom League and The Vote". COVE. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "Women's Suffrage Journal". Cornell University Library. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "Nineteenth Amendment". Britannica. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "The First Women's Rights Convention - Women's Rights National Historical Park". U.S. National Park Service. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "The History of Women's Suffrage". Center for Political Thought and Leadership. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Suffrage Journals". Woman Suffrage Memorabilia. 2 January 2014. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "William Lloyd Garrison". First Wave Feminisms. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ Lemay, Kate Clarke; Goodier, Susan; Tetrault, Lisa; Jones, Martha (2019). Votes for Women: A Portrait of Persistence. 269: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691191171.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ Stanton, Anthony & Gage 1889, p. 46, 246.
- ^ Stanton, Anthony & Gage 1889, p. 286-87.