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U+72C4, 狄
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72C4

[U+72C3]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+72C5]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 94, +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 大竹火 (KHF), four-corner 49280, composition )

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 707, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20290
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1120, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1337, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+72C4

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions

Etymology

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"northern foreigners"
Unknown. Goldin (2011) proposes that ()/ () was a "pseudo-ethnonym" and meant "feathered"; Liji mentioned that the Dí's clothings were made of birds' feathers and mammals' hairs[1]. If so, see () for more etymology.
"low servant"
Either based on the northern foreigners' endo-ethnonym, or more likely Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Monic *ɗiik, Proto-Bahnaric *ɗɨc, as well as Proto-Mon-Khmer **ɗiək ~ ɗiik ~ *ɗik (slave).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (7)
Final () (127)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter dek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dek̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/dek̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɛk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dɛjk̚/
Li
Rong
/dek̚/
Wang
Li
/diek̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱiek̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dik6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ dek ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˁek/
English (name of a northern tribe)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 2206
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*deːɡ/

Definitions

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  1. the Di people; Zhou dynasty era term for tribes from northern China
  2. low servant
  3. Alternative form of
  4. a surname
      ―  Rénjié  ―  Di Renjie (Tang dynasty chancellor)

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. barbarian

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): てき (teki)
  • Kun: えびす (ebisu)

Compounds

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Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC dek). Recorded as Middle Korean 뎍〮 (tyék) (Yale: tyek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 오랑캐 (orangkae jeok))

  1. hanja form? of (tribe from northern China)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: địch, đệt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.