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See also:
U+7345, 獅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7345

[U+7344]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7346]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 94, +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大竹竹口月 (KHHRB), four-corner 41227, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 717, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20609
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1128, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1363, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7345

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms archaic

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *sri) : semantic (dog; beast) + phonetic (OC *sri).

Etymology

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Originally written as . Earliest written attestations in the Eastern Han era include the Book of Han [before 111], the surviving portion of the Dongguan Hanji [c. 150], and Lokakṣema's translation of the Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā [179]. The term is possibly of Iranian origin. In the Book of Han, the lion was described as indigenous to the historical 烏弋山離 (OC *qaː lɯɡ sreːn rel, “Alexandria”), possibly Alexandria Prophthasia (Yu, 1998), which was part of the Parthian Empire at the time. The Dongguan mentions a lion as a gift from the Shule Kingdom in the year 133, where a Saka language was spoken then. Earlier definite dates associated with the lion mentioned in the Book of the Later Han include the year 87, when a gift lion from the Yuezhi was recorded.

Compare Proto-Iranian *cárguš (lion). Possibly related to 狻猊 (OC *sloːn ŋeː).

Meanwhile, Adams (2013) postulates possible Tocharian connections; cf. Tocharian B ṣecake and etymologies.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • su/sir - literary;
  • sai - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Tianjin /sz̩²¹/
Jinan /ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Qingdao /ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Xi'an /sz̩²¹/
Xining /sz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩³¹/
Ürümqi /sz̩⁴⁴/
Wuhan /sz̩⁵⁵/
Chengdu /sz̩⁵⁵/
Guiyang /sz̩⁵⁵/
Kunming /sz̩⁴⁴/
Nanjing /sz̩³¹/
Hefei /sz̩²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /sz̩¹¹/
Pingyao /sz̩¹³/
Hohhot /sz̩³¹/
Wu Shanghai /sz̩⁵³/
Suzhou /sz̩⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /sz̩³³/
Wenzhou /sz̩³³/
Hui Shexian /sz̩³¹/
Tunxi /sz̩¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /sz̩³³/
Xiangtan /sz̩³³/
Gan Nanchang /sz̩⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sz̩⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /sï²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /si⁵³/
Nanning /sz̩⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /si⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /su⁵⁵/
/sai⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sai⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /su⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /sai³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /si²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (21)
Final () (17)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter srij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʃˠiɪ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʃᵚi/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʃiɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʂji/
Li
Rong
/ʃji/
Wang
Li
/ʃi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʂi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
si1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11437
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sri/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. lion

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (shi)
  • Korean: 사(獅) (sa)
  • Vietnamese: ()

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. a lion

Readings

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  • Go-on: (shi)
  • Kan-on: (shi)

Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC srij).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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() (shi

  1. lion

Usage notes

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Very rarely used on its own. The shishi reading is almost always spelled as 獅子.

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC srij). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so) (Yale: so) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 사자 (saja sa))

  1. hanja form? of (lion)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: [1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: [4][5][6]

  1. chữ Hán form of (lion).

References

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