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See also:
U+829D, 芝
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-829D

[U+829C]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+829E]
芝 U+2F991, 芝
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F991
芋
[U+2F990]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 劳
[U+2F992]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 140, +3, 7 strokes in traditional Chinese, 6 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 廿戈弓人 (TINO), four-corner 44307, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1019, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30699
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1477, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3176, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+829D

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𦭩

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *tjɯ) : semantic (grass) + phonetic (OC *tjɯ) – a type of plant.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (23)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕɨ/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕɨ/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cɨ/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiə/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17189
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tjɯ/

Definitions

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  1. lingzhi; Ganoderma
      ―  língzhī  ―  lingzhi
  2. Alternative form of
  3. Used in 芝麻 (zhīma, “sesame”).
  4. Used in 芝城 (Zhīchéng, “city of Chicago”).
  5. a surname

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. turf, lawn, grass

Readings

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Etymology 1

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
: common grass, especially as found in lawns.
Kanji in this term
しば
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. One of the oldest attested words in the Japanese language, used in the Man'yōshū and Nihon Shoki.

This character usually means a type of fungus in Chinese. However, it was also used phonetically in 芝麻 (*chimæ, sesame) (modern Mandarin 芝麻 (zhīmá)), and it seems that the Japanese use of this character for the sense of grass may have come from this sesame sense in Chinese.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(しば) (shiba

  1. grass, turf, green
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3508:
      (しば)(つき)() ()()()()()奈流(なる) ()()()()() ()()()()()()() ()()()()()()()
      Shibatsuki no Miurasaki naru netsukogusa ahi mizu araba are kohi meyamo.
      The anemone flowers on grassy Miura Point; if we hadn't seen each other, I probably wouldn't be so in love.
  2. Short for 芝見 (shibami): hiding in the grass and spying on one's enemies or scouting out the situation; a spy in the grass
Derived terms
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Proper noun

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(しば) (Shiba

  1. a surname

Verb

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(しば)する (shiba surusuru (stem (しば) (shiba shi), past (しば)した (shiba shita))

  1. short for 芝見 (​shibami): to hide in the grass and spy on one's enemies or scout out the situation
Conjugation
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
しざま
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Compound of (shi, adjectival ending) +‎ (sama, kind, type).[2] The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁). The kanji was used as an ateji, probably based on its on'yomi of shi.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(しざま) (shizama

  1. (grammar, obsolete)shi-type”, referring to the i adjective in Japanese grammar, specifically the ク活用 (ku katsuyō, ku inflection), corresponding to modern Japanese adjectives ending in -i but not -shii
    This is the nomenclature used in the grammar devised by 富士谷成章 (Fujitani Nariakira), a classical Japanese scholar and grammarian in the middle Edo period. Modern i adjectives still had the 終止形 (shūshikei, terminal form) ending in -shi in the mid-Edo period, hence Fujitani's description of these as the “shi-type” of adjective.

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term

Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (*chi). Compare modern Mandarin (zhī).

Pronunciation

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Affix

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() (shi

  1. the 万年茸 (​mannentake) mushroom
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Used as ateji in various surnames.

Proper noun

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(しはざき) (Shihazaki

  1. a surname

Proper noun

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(しばさき) (Shibasaki

  1. a surname

Proper noun

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(しばざき) (Shibazaki

  1. a surname

Proper noun

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(しばたか) (Shibataka

  1. a surname

References

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  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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(ji) (hangeul , revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: chi

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.