Kuolemanrangaistus maittain
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Ei kuolemanrangaistuksia
Ei kuolemanrangaistuksia rauhan aikana
Kuolemanrangaistus sallittu, mutta ei käytössä
Kuolemanrangaistus käytössä
*Yhdysvalloissa kuolemanrangaistus on määritelty liittovaltion tasolla. Useat osavaltiot ovat kuitenkin poistaneet sen omista laeistaan.
Kuolemanrangaistus on rangaistus, jossa rikoksesta tuomittu henkilö surmataan. Kuolemanrangaistukseen tuomitseminen ja sen täytäntöönpano eli teloitus ovat eri asioita. Muun muassa Euroopan ihmisoikeussopimus ja Suomen perustuslaki kieltävät kuolemanrangaistuksen.[1][2]
Ihmisoikeusjärjestö Amnesty Internationalin vuonna 2015 raportoimista kuolemanrangaistuksista 89 % tapahtui Saudi-Arabiassa, Iranissa ja Pakistanissa. Kiina teloittaa eniten ihmisiä maailmassa. Valko-Venäjä on ainoa eurooppalainen valtio, jossa kuolemanrangaistus on käytössä.[3]
Kuolemantuomio maanosittain
[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]- Maat joissa kuolemanrangaistus on käytössä
- Maat, jotka ovat poistaneet kuolemanrangaistuksen käytännössä.
- Kuolemanrangaistuksen poistaneet maat (lukuun ottamatta poikkeuksellisissa olosuhteissa (kuten sota-aikana tehtyjä rikoksia)
- Maat joissa kuolemanrangaistus on kielletty
Aasia
[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]Afrikka
[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]Amerikka
[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]Värikoodi (taulukossa) | Valtio[4] | Viimeisen teloituksen vuosi | Poistettu (vuosi) | Lähteet |
---|---|---|---|---|
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1991 | ei tietoa | [220] [221] | |
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1956 | 1984 (siviilissä) 2009 (armeijassa) |
[222][223][224] [225][226][227][228][229] [230][231] | |
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2000 | ei tietoa | [221] | |
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1984 | [232] [233][234][111] | ||
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1985 | [235] [236][111] | ||
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1974 | 2013 | ||
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1876 | 1978 (siviilissä) ei tietoa (armeijassa) | ||
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1962 (armeijassa 1945) | 1998 | ||
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1985 | 2001 (siviilissä) ei tietoa (armeijassa) | ||
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1909 | 1910 | ||
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1859 | 1877 | [242] | |
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2003 | ei tietoa | [243] [244][245] | |
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1986 | [246] | ||
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1966 | 1966 | ||
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1884 | 1906 | ||
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1973 | 1983 (siviilissä) ei tietoa (armeijassa) | [247] | |
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1978 | ei tietoa | ||
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2000 | 2017 (siviilissä) ei tietoa (armeijassa) | [248] | |
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1997 | ei tietoa | [249] | |
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1972 | 1987 | ||
![]() |
1940 | 1956 | ||
![]() |
1988 | ei tietoa | [250][251] | |
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1961 – armeijassa 1937 – siviilissä |
1976 | [252] | |
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1930 | 1979 | ||
![]() |
1903 | 1903 | ||
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1928 | 1992 | ||
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1979 | 1979 (siviilissä) ei tietoa (armeijassa) | [247] | |
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2008 | ei tietoa | [253] | |
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1995 | |||
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1995 | |||
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1982 | 2015 | [173] | |
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1999 | ei tietoa | [254] | |
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2017 | [255][256] [257][258] | ||
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1905 | 1907 | ||
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1830 | 1863 |
Eurooppa
[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]Värikoodi (taulukossa) | Valtio[4] | Viimeisen teloituksen vuosi | Poistettu (vuosi) | Lähteet |
---|---|---|---|---|
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1995 | 2007 | [259][260] | |
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1943 | 1990 | ||
![]() |
1991 | 1998 | ||
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1950 | 1968 | ||
![]() |
1993 | 1998 | ||
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2017 | ei tietoa | [261][262] | |
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1950 | 1996 | ||
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1992 | 1998 | [263] | |
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1989 | 1998 | ||
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1987 | 1991 | [264][265][266] | |
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1962 | 2002 | ||
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1993 | 1990 (silloisessa Tšekkoslovakiassa) | ||
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1950 | 1978 | ||
![]() |
1991 | 1998 | ||
![]() |
1944 | 1972 | ||
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1977 | 1981 | ||
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1995 | 2006 | [260] | |
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1949 (Länsi-Saksassa) 1981 (Itä-Saksassa) |
1949 (Länsi-Saksassa) 1987 (Itä-Saksassa) |
||
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1972 | 2004 | [267][268] | |
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1988 | 1990 | ||
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1944 | 1928 | [269] [270] [271][270][269] | |
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1954 | 1990 | ||
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1947 | 1948 | ||
![]() |
1996 | 2012 | [272] | |
![]() |
1785 | 1987 | ||
![]() |
1995 | 1998 | ||
![]() |
1949 | 1979 | ||
![]() |
1991 | 1991 | [260] | |
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1964 | 2000 | ||
![]() |
1991 | 2005 | [260] | |
![]() |
1847 | 1962 | ||
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2006 | 1995 (silloisessa Jugoslavian liittotasavallassa) | ||
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1952 | 1982 (mannermaalla) 2010 (Antilleilla) |
[273] | |
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1948 | 1979 | ||
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1988 | 1997 | [14] | |
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1846 | 1976 | [274] [275] [276] | |
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1989 | 1990 | [277] | |
![]() |
1996 (mannermaalla) 1999 ( Tšetšeniassa) |
ei tietoa | [278] [133] | |
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1468 | 1865 | ||
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2006 | 1995 (silloisessa Jugoslavian liittotasavallassa) | ||
![]() |
1993 | 1990 (silloisessa Tšekkoslovakiassa) | ||
![]() |
1991 | 1991 | ||
![]() |
1975 | 1978 (siviilissä) 1995 (armeijassa) |
[279] | |
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1910 | 1973 | ||
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1944 | 1992 | ||
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1984 | 2004 | [280] | |
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1997 | 2000 | [281][282] [281][282][283] [284][285][282][281] | |
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1977 (Bermudassa) 1964 (mannermaalla) |
1965 (pysyvästi 1969) 1973 (Pohjois-Irlannissa) 1998 (virallisesti) 2006 (Jerseyssä) |
||
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1870 | 1969 | [286] |
Oseania
[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]Värikoodi (taulukossa) | Valtio[4] | Viimeisen teloituksen vuosi | Poistettu (vuosi) | Viite |
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
1967 | 1985 | [287] | |
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1964 | 2015 | [288] | |
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1979 | 1979 | ||
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1986 | 1986 | ||
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1986 | 1986 | ||
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1968 | 2016 | [289] | |
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1957 | 2007 (Cookinsaarilla) 1989 (mannermaa) |
||
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1994 | 1994 | ||
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1975 | 2022 | .[290][291] | |
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1962 | 2004 | [292] | |
![]() |
1978 | 1978 | ||
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1982 | ei tietoa | [111] | |
![]() |
1978 | 1978 | ||
![]() |
1980 | 1980 |
Aikajana valtioista, jotka ovat poistaneet kuolemanrangaistuksen
[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]Monissa maissa kuolemanrangaistus on otettu käyttöön sodan aikana valtionpetoksen takia, vaikka käytännössä se onkin poistettu.[294]
Lähteet
[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]- ↑ Euroopan ihmisoikeussopimus Finlex. Edita. Arkistoitu 21.3.2009. Viitattu 10.9.2009.
- ↑ Suomen perustuslaki 11.6.1999/731 Edita. Arkistoitu 23.4.2012. Viitattu 10.9.2009.
- ↑ Kuolemanrangaistus on harkittu murha Amnesty International Suomen osasto ry. Viitattu 30.5.2019.
- ↑ a b c d e Document - Amnesty International amnesty.org. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ a b The Death Penalty in Afghanistan www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 14.9.2017. Viitattu 4.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ Five Kidnappers Hanged to Death In Kabul 30.11.2017. Tolo News. Viitattu 1.12.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Bahrain Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ Reuters Editorial: Bahrain executes three Shi'ites for bombing, sparks outcry 15.1.2017. Reuters. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ MP murder case: Bangla court awards death penalty to 22 Zee News. Arkistoitu 25.12.2018. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ Bangladesh – Laws Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Arkistoitu 17.1.2013. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Bangladesh Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 1.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ 2003 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Bangladesh 25.2.2004. United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ HuJI chief, two associates executed for 2004 shrine attack in Bangladesh The Indian Express. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ a b c d The death penalty worldwide: developments in 2004 4.4.2005. Amnesty International. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ a b Brunei – Country Specific Information United States Bureau of Consular Affairs. Arkistoitu 13.4.2014. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Brunei Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.5.2017. Viitattu 24.8.2017.
- ↑ Brunei Law To Allow Death By Stoning For Gay Sex The Huffington Post. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ a b Executions in 2009 Hands Off Cain. Arkistoitu 19.3.2012. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Saudi Arabia: Man beheaded after 30 yrs on death row 5.2.2013. Hands Off Cain. Arkistoitu 15.1.2013. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Ben Blanchard: Chinese billionaire mining tycoon Liu Han is executed over his links to a 'mafia-style' gang 9.2.2015. Smh.com.au. Viitattu 9.4.2016.
- ↑ People's Republic of China: Executed "according to law"? The death penalty in China 22.3.2004. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 13.10.2008. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Colombia protests China's execution of 72-year-old drug mule 28.2.2017. Fox News. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Fiji abolishes death penalty for all crimes through amendment to military law World Coalition Against the Death Penalty. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in India Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 3.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Indonesia Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 6.8.2017.
- ↑ Executions spark Indonesia unrest 22.9.2006. BBC News. Viitattu 2 May 2010. [vanhentunut linkki]
- ↑ Indonesian and three Nigerians executed for drug crimes bbc.co.uk. 29.7.2016.
- ↑ Iran executions see 'unprecedented spike' - Amnesty BBC News Middle East. 23.7.2015. British Broadcasting Corporation. Viitattu 23.7.2015. Amnesty International said there is credible information that at least 743 people were executed in Iran in 2014. Offically 239 people were executed in Iran in 2014.
- ↑ Iran - Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution web.archive.org. Arkistoitu 8.10.2014. Viitattu 28.10.2017.
- ↑ NTC - Bancadati. Iran Hands Off Cain. Viitattu 28.10.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Iran Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 7.4.2019. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ Iran executes 20 convicts in 48 hours dailysabah.com.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Iraq Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.7.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ Iraq reimposes death penalty 8.8.2004. IOL News. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Human rights groups condemn Iraq's death penalty decision The New Standard. 10.8.2004. Arkistoitu 24.4.2017. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Iraq to restore death penalty The Sydney Morning Herald. 7.6.2004. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ 4 Al Qaeda Leaders Executed in Iraq aina.org. Arkistoitu 12.7.2018. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ Iraq executes dozens over 2014 Saladin massacre middleeastmonitor.com. 23.1.2017.
- ↑ Should those who assist suicide bombers be given the death penalty? The Jerusalem Report. 18.11.2002. Arkistoitu 6.4.2005.
- ↑ Japan hangs two inmates, including one who sought retrial 13.7.2017. The Japan Times. Viitattu 13.7.2017.
- ↑ Japan executes Sarin attack cultists bbc.com. 6.7.2018. Viitattu 6.5.2019. (englanniksi)
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Jordan Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 25.8.2017.
- ↑ ‘Panel to examine whether to reinstate executions’ Jordan Times. Viitattu 9.4.2016.
- ↑ 15 convicted criminals, terrorists executed on Saturday jordantimes.com. 4.3.2017.
- ↑ Kazakhstan Set To "Virtually" Abolish Death Penalty 16 May 2007. Hands Off Cain. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Death Penalty is Abolished in Kazakhstan 20.7.2009. Kazakhstan Live. Arkistoitu 26.2.2015. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Kazakhstan: Towards definitive abolition 28.3.2011. Hands Off Cain. Arkistoitu 19.3.2012. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Kazakhstan: Almaty Shooter Sentenced to Death eurasianet.org. 2.11.2016.
- ↑ The Death Penalty Worldwide: Developments in 2003 5.4.2004. Amnesty International. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Capital Punishment 3.4.2013. Mark. Viitattu 4.8.2015.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Kuwait Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 12.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ ABC News ABC News.
- ↑ Kyrgyzstan Abolishes Death Penalty 27.6.2007. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Abolition of the death penalty by Kyrgyzstan 28.6.2007. France Diplomatie. Arkistoitu 30.9.2007.
- ↑ Annual Report 2003 – Laos Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 5.7.2003.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Laos Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ Lebanon: Further Information on Death penalty/imminent execution 15.1.2004. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 30.12.2013. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Lebanon Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ Lebanon resumes executions after 5-year lull Sunday Observer. 18.1.2004. Arkistoitu 16.10.2012. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Malaysia Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 12.10.2018. Viitattu 6.8.2017.
- ↑ Is Capital Punishment Justified? Aliran Monthly. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Brothers executed at Kajang Prison - Nation - The Star Online www.thestar.com.my.
- ↑ Family demands death penalty 27.1.2002. Maldives Culture. Arkistoitu 27.4.2002.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Maldives www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 1.10.2018. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ "Après un long processus, la Mongolie abolit la peine de mort", Le Monde, 7.7.2017
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Myanmar Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ La peine de mort pour les crimes liés à la drogue en Asie Mouvement mondial des droits humains.
- ↑ The Judiciary North Korea: A Country Study. The Library of Congress. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in North Korea www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 4.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ Kim Jong-un has three sons of North Korean hero executed in latest 'purge' mirror.co.uk. 25.1.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Oman Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ Annual Report 2002 – Oman Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 13.11.2002.
- ↑ Death sentences and executions in 2015 www.amnesty.org.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Pakistan Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 27.9.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ Death penalty offences Human Rights Commission of Pakistan. Arkistoitu 9.10.2017. Viitattu 8.10.2017.
- ↑ Five hardcore terrorists executed in Kohat jail www.geo.tv.
- ↑ Hamas kills three alleged 'collaborators' in public execution 25 May 2017. The New Arab. Viitattu 7.12.2017.
- ↑ Hamas kills three men in execution partially streamed on Facebook 25 May 2017. The Guardian. Viitattu 7.12.2017.
- ↑ Hamas announces public executions that will 'take Gaza past Saudi Arabia' 23 May 2016. The Telegraph. Viitattu 7.12.2017.
- ↑ tietoarticles/news/2014/08/hamas-must-end-summary-executions-informers-face-firing-squad/ Gaza: Hamas must end summary executions as ‘informers’ face firing squad amnesty.org. Viitattu 28.7.2015. [vanhentunut linkki]
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Palestinian Authority Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 7.12.2017.
- ↑ https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2017-04-06/gazas-hamas-rulers-execute-3-palestinians-over-israel-ties
- ↑ Philippine House Votes to Reimpose the Death Penalty Time.
- ↑ Philippines execution first of millennium news.bbc.co.uk. BBC News.
- ↑ Qatar: Death Penalty, Firas Nassuh Salim Al-Majali 28.10.2002. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 20.6.2009. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Crusading journalist wins case against Al-Jazeera 6.4.2005. Journalism.co.uk. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Qatar - End Blasphemy Laws end-blasphemy-laws.org.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Qatar Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 6.8.2017. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ Indian executed in Qatar The Hindu. 12.3.2003. Arkistoitu 23.3.2020. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ Saudi Arabia: Five beheaded and 'crucified' amid 'disturbing' rise in executionsa amnesty.org. 21 May 2013. Arkistoitu 30 tammikuu 2015. Viitattu 16 toukokuu 2020.
- ↑ Women executed by sword in Saudi Arabia AFP. 13.10.2011. Arkistoitu 25.12.2018. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ Saudi Arabia has carried out its first execution of 2017 newsweek.com. 17.1.2017.
- ↑ Singapore death penalty shrouded in silence 12.4.2002. Reuters. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Singapore Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.7.2018. Viitattu 6.8.2017.
- ↑ Hanged because he had not "substantively assisted" the CNB - publichouse.sg publichouse.sg. 21.4.2017. Arkistoitu 2.8.2017. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in South Korea Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 6.8.2017. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ South Korea: Death penalty abolition – historic opportunity 19.4.2005. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 9.6.2014. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Death Penalty News:.12.2002 1.1.2003. Amnesty International. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Sri Lanka Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 1.4.2019. Viitattu 12.8.2017.
- ↑ a b c The Death Penalty in Syria Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 17.8.2017.
- ↑ Syria: Extrajudicial Executions hrw.org. 9.4.2012.
- ↑ U.S. says Syria built crematorium to handle mass prisoner killings Washington Post.
- ↑ a b The Death Penalty in Taiwan deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 7.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ Tajikistan: Death Penalty Legislationline. Arkistoitu 25.12.2018. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Tajikistan deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 7.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ Time for Tajikistan to End Death Penalty Institute for War and Peace Reporting. Viitattu 7.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ Thailand carries out first executions in six years 26.8.2009. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 21.9.2013. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN1JF0UC/
- ↑ a b Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste Government of Timor-Leste. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ a b c d e f Capital punishment in the Commonwealth Capital Punishment UK. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ United Arab Emirates (UAE): 2.4.2002. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 5.3.2016. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in United Arab Emirates Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 8.8.2017. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ https://deathpenaltynews.blogspot.com/2017/11/uae-man-who-raped-killed-eight-year-old.html
- ↑ Presidential Decree on the abolition of the death penalty 19.8.2005. Legislationline. Arkistoitu 28.10.2007.
- ↑ Uzbekistan: Further information on: Fear of imminent execution/torture and ill-treatment 7.4.2005. Amnesty International. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Socialist Republic of Viet Nam: The death penalty – inhumane and ineffective 27.8.2003. Amnesty International. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Vietnam Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 14.9.2017. Viitattu 17.8.2017.
- ↑ Death Penalty: World’s biggest executioner China must come clean about ‘grotesque’ level of capital punishment amnesty.org.
- ↑ Yemen: Further information on Imminent execution, Fuad 'Ali Mohsin al-Shahari 6.4.2005. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 14.4.2013. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Yemen: Further Information on: Death by stoning and flogging 6.9.2004. Amnesty International. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ a b Laws around the World Sodomy Laws. Arkistoitu 4.2.2005.
- ↑ Hate Crimes: Like the Taliban, America's Middle East Allies Tyrannize Gays and Women Gay and Lesbian Arabic Society. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ a b c Islamic Teaching on the Consequences of Apostasy from Islam 3.7.2006. Barnabas Fund. Arkistoitu 25.12.2018. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Yemen - End Blasphemy Laws end-blasphemy-laws.org.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Yemen Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ In TV Spectacle, Man Convicted of Child Rape-Murder Is Executed in Yemen nytimes.com. 31.7.2017.
- ↑ Luke Harding: EU outraged after Belarus executes two men accused of Metro bombing the Guardian. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ Execution of Pavel Selyun icomdp.org. Arkistoitu 25.7.2018. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Algeria Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 13.8.2017.
- ↑ HANDS OFF CAIN against death penalty in the world handsoffcain.info. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ Benin: Accession to the Second Optional Protocol Aiming at the Abolition of the Death Penalty 5.7.2012. Hands Off Cain. Arkistoitu 15.3.2014. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ a b Death Sentences And Executions Report 2015 .4.2016. Amnesty International. Viitattu 10.8.2016.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Botswana www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 5.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ Botswana: Patrick Gabaakanye Hanged At Gaborone Central Prison Handsoffcain.info. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Burkina Faso Coup Plotter Admits Receiving Aid from Ivory Coast Military 8.4.2004. PolitInfo. Arkistoitu 14.8.2004.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Burkina Faso Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 31.5.2018. Viitattu 12.8.2017.
- ↑ Burkina Faso: Opportunity to abolish the death penalty must be seized 27.8.2015. Amnesty International. Viitattu 10.9.2015.
- ↑ At Least 47 Surrendered Rebels 'Executed' as Burundi Makes a Bloody Start to 2015 VICE News.
- ↑ Burundi abolishes the death penalty but bans homosexuality 27.4.2009. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 18.2.2014. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Burundi: Imminent resumption of executions or summary trials and executions 22.11.2004. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 14.4.2013. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Cameroon Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 12.8.2017.
- ↑ Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee, Cameroon, U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/79/Add.116 (1999). University of Minnesota. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Cameroun: Paul Biya signe un décret conduisant à la libération de Michel Thierry Atangana Jeune Afrique. Viitattu 18.2.2014.
- ↑ 89 Boko Haram militants sentenced to death in Cameroon 19.3.2016. CNN.com. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Human Rights Committee Considers The Situation In The Central African Republic 22.7.2004. The United Nations Office at Geneva. Arkistoitu 30.7.2004.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Central African Republic Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 12.10.2018. Viitattu 24.8.2017.
- ↑ Chad reintroduces death penalty for acts of terror - BBC News 31.7.2015. Bbc.com. Viitattu 9.4.2016.
- ↑ a b The Death Penalty in Chad deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 4.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ Le Tchad a un nouveau code péna rfi.fr. 15.9.2014. Viitattu 7.10.2014. fr
- ↑ Chad executes 10 Boko Haram members by firing squad 29.8.2015. Reuters.com. Arkistoitu 23.3.2020. Viitattu 29.8.2015.
- ↑ Death Penalty | Amnesty International 15.3.2014. Amnesty.org. Viitattu 5.5.2016.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Comoros www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 5.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ The death penalty: List of abolitionist and retentionist countries (October 1996) Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 5.7.2010. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Congo's Presidential Election Strengthens the Controversial New Constitution that Abolished Capital Punishment worldcoalition.org. 20.4.2016. Viitattu 12.7.2016.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Democratic Republic of the Congo www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ Congo death verdict prompts worry 6 May 2010. BBC News. [vanhentunut linkki]
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Egypt Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 24.3.2014. Viitattu 6.8.2017.
- ↑ a b The Death Penalty in Egypt www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 4.12.2017. (englanniksi)
- ↑ Egyptian authorities execute man convicted of raping and murdering 5-year-old girl in Minya governorate 3 May 2017. Ahram Online. Viitattu 16 May 2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Equatorial Guinea www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 12.10.2018. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ Eq Guinea executes four coup convicts: Amnesty af.reuters.com. 24.8.2010. Arkistoitu 12.7.2012. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Eritrea Deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Ethiopia Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 12.8.2017.
- ↑ Ethiopia executes spy boss killer 6.8.2007. BBC News. Viitattu 2 May 2010.
- ↑ Death Penalty: Hands Off Cain Announces Abolition in Gabon 14.2.2011. Hands Off Cain. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee, Gabon, U.N. Doc. CCPR/CO/70/GAB (2000) University of Minnesota. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Gambia Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 12.10.2018. Viitattu 24.8.2017.
- ↑ a b c West Africa: Time to abolish the death penalty 9.10.2003. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 14.4.2013. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ https://www.newsghana.com.gh/gambia-signs-un-death-penalty-abolition-treaty/
- ↑ Gambia, Iraq executions buck worldwide abolitionist trend Los Angeles Times. 31.8.2012. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Death Penalty News: Ghana referendum will abolish death sentence, weaken President's war powers deathpenaltynews.blogspot.co.uk. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ a b Death Penalty | Amnesty International Amnesty.org. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Guinea: Death Penalty/Fear of Imminent Execution 14.10.2001. Amnesty International. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ a b The Death Penalty Worldwide: Developments in 2003 5.4.2004. Amnesty International. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Kenya Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 12.12.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Lesotho deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 12.10.2018. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Lesotho Deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 12.10.2018. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Liberia Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 17.8.2017.
- ↑ Armed Robbery, Hijacking and Terrorism Now Capitol Offenses in Liberia 26.7.2008. New Liberian. Arkistoitu 21.12.2013. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Liberia: Death Penalty Under Fire 7.8.2008. AllAfrica. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Liberia Deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ a b The Death Penalty in Libya Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 12.8.2017.
- ↑ Libyan Court System And Criminal Justice Bulgarian News Agency. Arkistoitu 13.1.2007.
- ↑ Madagascar: Mps Abolish The Death Penalty handsoffcain.info. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty United Nations Treaty Collection. Arkistoitu 20.10.2012. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Malawi Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 12.12.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Mali Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 7.12.2017.
- ↑ Mauritania - End Blasphemy Laws end-blasphemy-laws.org.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Mauritania Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 6.8.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Morocco Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.9.2018. Viitattu 6.8.2017.
- ↑ Morocco: New Moves to Abolish Death Penalty handsoffcain.info. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Niger Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 6.12.2017.
- ↑ Nigeria Sodomy Laws. Arkistoitu 11.1.2006.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Nigeria Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 5.9.2017.
- ↑ World Day World Coalition Against the Death Penalty.
- ↑ LEDAP condemns execution of prisoners in Edo, seeks repeal of death penalty — Features — Breaking News, Nigeria News and World News – The Guardian Nigeria Guardian.ng. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Rwanda's ban on executions helps bring genocide justice 27.7.2007. CNN. Viitattu 2 May 2010.
- ↑ Sierra Leone: Amnesty International expresses dismay at 10 death sentences for treason 21.12.2004. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 14.4.2013. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Somalia Court Executes Five Militants for Murders of Officials 217-04-08. Voanews.com. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Government Gazette 19 December 1997. Republic of South Africa. Arkistoitu 13.8.2010.
- ↑ Acts Supplement The Southern Sudan Gazette. 10.2.2009. Ministry Legal Affairs and Constitutional Development. Arkistoitu 12.9.2013.
- ↑ Two South Sudanese soldiers executed in Wau - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan Sudan Tribune. Arkistoitu 15.12.2018. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Sudan Sodomy Laws. Arkistoitu 12.2.2007.
- ↑ Sudan: Attorney General expects death penalty for islamist coup plotters The East African Standard. 28.3.2005. Arkistoitu 9.4.2005.
- ↑ a b The Death Penalty in Sudan Death Penalty Worldwide. Viitattu 5.8.2017.
- ↑ IRIN-SA Weekly Round-up 21 Center for International Disaster Information. Arkistoitu 30.4.2005.
- ↑ Swaziland Moves Toward Execution By Lethal Injection; Hangman Unavailable The Clarion Issue. February–March 2002. Arkistoitu 18.4.2003.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Tanzania Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 12.12.2017.
- ↑ Togo abolishes the death penalty 24.6.2009. BBC News. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Death Penalty News:.9.2002 31.8.2002. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 14.4.2013. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Tunisia Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 6.12.2017.
- ↑ Tunisia to Maintain Capital Punishment in Future Constitution handsoffcain.info. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Uganda Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 17.8.2017.
- ↑ DEATH PENALTY: Uganda’s Laws Favour Execution ipsnews.net. Viitattu 28.7.2015.
- ↑ Uganda: Amnesty International calls on the Ugandan government to abolish the death penalty amnesty.org. 22.1.2009. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Death Penalty: Uganda's Laws Favour Execution 14.11.2006. Inter Press Service News Agency. Arkistoitu 9.1.2008. Viitattu 7.2.2013.
- ↑ Sambia lakkautti kuolemanrangaistuksen 24.12.2022. Yleisradio. Viitattu 25.12.2022.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Zimbabwe Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 22.8.2018. Viitattu 17.8.2017.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Antigua and Barbuda Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 12.10.2018. Viitattu 10.8.2017.
- ↑ a b Death penalty 2016 Facts and figures | Amnesty International Amnesty.org. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Infoleg servicios.infoleg.gob.ar.
- ↑ La historia reciente de la pena de muerte en la Argentina - Ricardo Canaletti canalettiweb.com. 13.7.2016.
- ↑ Decreto Ley 10.362/1956 Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina.
- ↑ Decreto Ley 10.593/1956 Sistema Argentino de Información Jurídica.
- ↑ Ley 18,701 Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina.
- ↑ Ley 18.701 Sistema Argentino de Información Jurídica.
- ↑ Ley 20.509 Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina.
- ↑ Ley 21.338 boletinoficial.gob.ar.
- ↑ Ley 23,077 InfoLEG.
- ↑ Last Vestiges of Capital Punishment Abolished 8.8.2008. Inter Press Service News Agency. Arkistoitu 20.2.2012. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Barbados Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.9.2018. Viitattu 10.8.2017.
- ↑ Hang them! nationnews.com. 10.10.2010. Arkistoitu 25.1.2012.
- ↑ Guyson Mayers, R.E.: A Guy's View: To hang or not to hang barbadosadvocate.com. 19.9.2010. Arkistoitu 11.3.2012. Viitattu 22.12.2010.
- ↑ Belize: Death Penalty, Gilroy "Hooty" Wade, Oscar "Negro" Catzim Mendez, Glenford Baptist 20.11.2001. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 26.11.2009. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Belize Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 9.5.2019. Viitattu 10.8.2017.
- ↑ Law 6620, 17 December 1978 Presidency of Brazil. Arkistoitu 16.4.2008. Portuguese
- ↑ Law Decree 431, 18 May 1938 Presidency of Brazil. Viitattu 3.2.2009. Portuguese
- ↑ Law 1802, 5 January 1953 Presidency of Brazil. Viitattu 3.2.2009. Portuguese
- ↑ Law Decree 898, 29 September 1969 Presidency of Brazil. Arkistoitu 29.4.2009. Portuguese
- ↑ Death penalty in Brazil Brazilian Embassy in London. Arkistoitu 25.2.2009. Viitattu 3.2.2009.
- ↑ Tourist information Best Western. Arkistoitu 14.6.2004.
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Cuba Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 13.10.2018. Viitattu 6.8.2017.
- ↑ Cuba's Raul Castro commutes most death sentences 28.4.2008. Reuters. Arkistoitu 13.3.2013. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Cuba ferry hijackers executed 11.4.2003. BBC News. [vanhentunut linkki]
- ↑ The Death Penalty in Dominica Death Penalty Worldwide. Arkistoitu 20.12.2019. Viitattu 12.12.2017.
- ↑ a b Constitutional prohibitions of the death penalty 31 May 1996. Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 2.2.2013. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Guatemala: Death Penalty/imminent execution 19.6.2000. Amnesty International. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Annual Report 2004 – Guyana Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 15.8.2004.
- ↑ No to the Death Penalty Community of Sant'Egidio. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Annual Report 2004 – Jamaica Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 15.8.2004.
- ↑ Mexican fury grows at kidnappings 11.8.2008. BBC News. Viitattu 27.3.2010.
- ↑ St Kitts and Nevis: Execution is a shameless act 22.12.2008. Amnesty International. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Capital punishment and implementation of the safeguards guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty 9.3.2005. United Nations Economic and Social Council. Arkistoitu 26.2.2015.
- ↑ Federal Laws Providing for the Death Penalty Death Penalty Information Center. Arkistoitu 1.8.2008. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ Eric Pinkard: The death penalty for drug kingpins: constitutional and international implications Vermont Law Review. Fall 1999. Arkistoitu 20.1.2017. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ American Samoa: Governor moves to repeal death penalty 11.9.2012. Hands Off Cain. Arkistoitu 18.2.2014. Viitattu 9.2.2013.
- ↑ Christopher Wilkins dead: Texas carries out nation's first execution in 2017 11.1.2017. CBS News. Viitattu 25.4.2017.
- ↑ Death penalty: Ratification of international treaties Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 17.1.2015. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ a b c d The end of capital punishment in Europe Capital Punishment U.K.. Arkistoitu 8.4.2008.
- ↑ Belarus: Death Penalty Legislationline. Arkistoitu 25.12.2018. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Belarus Carries Out First Execution This Year; EU Urges Moratorium RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty.
- ↑ Archived copy vijecenarodars.net. Arkistoitu 7.3.2016. Viitattu 12.6.2016.
- ↑ Tomislav Mamić, Mario Pušić: 'Karlovački monstrum nije imao milosti. Nismo imali izbora, morali smo ga osuditi na strijeljanje' 28.7.2013. Jutarnji.hr. Arkistoitu 15.3.2016. Viitattu 9.4.2016.
- ↑ Deveterostruko ubojstvo najteži zločin Glas Slavonije. 27 May 2009. Arkistoitu 1.10.2011. Croatian
- ↑ The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia Constitution Society. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/80000/act500012005en.pdf
- ↑ Death Penalty: 3,797 executed in 2004 payvand.com. Arkistoitu 6.8.2018. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ a b Dauðarefsingar á Íslandi Akureyri Art Museum. Arkistoitu 11.11.2009. Viitattu 5.4.2013. Icelandic
- ↑ a b Dauðarefsingar á Íslandi Akureyri Art Museum. Arkistoitu 11.11.2009. Viitattu 5.4.2013. Icelandic
- ↑ Dauðarefsingar á Íslandi Akureyri Art Museum. Arkistoitu 11.11.2009. Viitattu 5.4.2013. Icelandic
- ↑ Notification of Ratification 3.2.2012. Council of Europe. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Antilles to abolish capital punishment The Daily Herald. 11.3.2010. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Portuguese Constitution of 1933 - Part I, Title II, Article 8º, Nº11: [Translation] (PDF) debates.parlamento.pt. 11 April 1933. Arkistoitu 8.4.2014. Viitattu 7.4.2014. Portuguese
- ↑ Article 3 of Law 635 - Amendment to the Portuguese Constitution of 1911 (PDF) Diário do Governo. 28 September 1916. Diário do Governo da República Portuguesa. Arkistoitu 29.3.2014. Viitattu 28.3.2014. Portuguese
- ↑ Abolition of the death penalty European Heritage Label. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Decree-Law No. 6 7 January 1990. National Salvation Front Council. Arkistoitu 25.12.2018. Viitattu 10.2.2013. Romanian
- ↑ Russian Federation: Death Penalty Legislationline. Arkistoitu 28.2.2019. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Ley Orgánica 11/1995, de 27 de noviembre, de abolición de la pena de muerte en tiempo de guerra Government of Spain. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Turkey's parliament 'to consider reintroducing death penalty' 29.10.2016. The New Arab. Viitattu 30.10.2016.
- ↑ a b c International Actors, Democratization and the Rule of Law: Anchoring Democracy?, Routledge, 2008, ISBN 0415492955 (page 196 a.f.)
- ↑ a b c The Death Penalty: Beyond Abolition, Council of Europe, 2004, ISBN 9287153337 (page 74)
- ↑ Serial killer Onopriyenko dies in Zhytomyr prison, Interfax-Ukraine (28.8.2013)
- ↑ Donetsk Separatists Introduce Death Penalty for Treason themoscowtimes.com.
- ↑ Annual Report 1999 – Ukraine Amnesty International. Arkistoitu 9 November 1999.
- ↑ He executed justice National Catholic Reporter. 14.9.2001.
- ↑ Death penalty in Australia New South Wales Council for Civil Liberties. Arkistoitu 29.3.2010. Viitattu 16.5.2020.
- ↑ Fiji abolishes death penalty for all crithrough amendment to military law World Coalition Against the Death Penalty. Viitattu 28 .7.2015.
- ↑ Nauru abolishes death penalty, makes homosexuality legal fijitimes.com.fj.
- ↑ "PNG urged to abandon death penalty". AM. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 12 .11.2007.
- ↑ "PNG death penalty 'horrific' - Amnesty", 3 News NZ, 29 .5.2013. Luettu 16.5.2020. Archived from the original on 3.7.2013.
- ↑ Crimes (Abolition of Death Penalty) Amendment Act 2004 Samoa Sessional Legislation. Viitattu 10 .2.2013.
- ↑ A history of capital punishment in NZ 17.12.2008. TVNZ. Viitattu 10.2.2013.
- ↑ Russell Ash: 10 kärjessä S. 43, Helsinki Media, ISBN 951-32-0008-6