ApproachChapter Two: Overview of Chemical and Biological Warfare
How the Review Is Organized
Chapter Three: Skin-Damaging Agents
LewisiteChapter Four: Toxins
Phosgene Oxime
Mustards
RicinChapter Five: Nerve Agents
Trichothecene Mycotoxins
Aflatoxins
HistoryChapter Six: Conclusions and Recommendations
Weaponization
Relevance to the Gulf War
Chemical Characteristics
Related Chemicals
Detection
Military Systems
Tissues
Environmental Effects and Persistence
Toxicology and Toxicokinetics
Reasons for Considering Organophosphate Pesticide Effects
Non-AChE Effects
Mechanism of Action--Acute Effects
AChE Inhibitors
Pretreatments and Treatments for Nerve Agent Poisoning
Entry and Fate
Exposure-Effect Relationships
Clinical Findings
Clinical Aspects of Exposure
Summary of Acute Effects
Longer-Term Effects (Four Months or More)
"Unrecognized" Exposures
Pathology and Pathophysiology
Short-Term Exposures and Longer-Term Effects
What to Look for in the Gulf Context
Summary, Analysis, and Comment
Recommendations
ConclusionsAppendix A: DOSE AND EXPOSURE CHARACTERIZATIONS
Recommendations
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Published 2000 by RAND