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Change in home bias due to ghost games in the NFL

Author

Listed:
  • Starke, Stephan
  • Vischer, Lars
  • Dilger, Alexander

Abstract

We analyse changes in the National Football League (NFL) due to ghost games in 2020. The home bias disappears as expected. However, referee decisions do not seem to be relevant for this. There are also no significant results for semi-ghost games with a reduced number of spectators.

Suggested Citation

  • Starke, Stephan & Vischer, Lars & Dilger, Alexander, 2022. "Change in home bias due to ghost games in the NFL," Discussion Papers of the Institute for Organisational Economics 6/2022, University of Münster, Institute for Organisational Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:umiodp:62022
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    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/261325/1/1809039517.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Andrew Welki & Thomas Zlatoper, 1999. "U.S. professional football game-day attendance," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 27(3), pages 285-298, September.
    2. J. James Reade & Dominik Schreyer & Carl Singleton, 2022. "Eliminating supportive crowds reduces referee bias," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 60(3), pages 1416-1436, July.
    3. Vergin, Roger C. & Sosik, John J., 1999. "No place like home: an examination of the home field advantage in gambling strategies in NFL football," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 21-31, January.
    4. Borghesi, Richard, 2007. "The home team weather advantage and biases in the NFL betting market," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 59(4), pages 340-354.
    5. Mark W. Nichols, 2014. "The Impact of Visiting Team Travel on Game Outcome and Biases in NFL Betting Markets," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 15(1), pages 78-96, February.
    6. Neil Rickman & Robert Witt, 2008. "Favouritism and Financial Incentives: A Natural Experiment," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 75(298), pages 296-309, May.
    7. Kai Fischer & Justus Haucap, 2021. "Does Crowd Support Drive the Home Advantage in Professional Football? Evidence from German Ghost Games during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 22(8), pages 982-1008, December.
    8. Scoppa, Vincenzo, 2021. "Social pressure in the stadiums: Do agents change behavior without crowd support?," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Dilger, Alexander & Vischer, Lars, 2023. "Effects of the rule change from three to five substitutions in the Bundesliga," Discussion Papers of the Institute for Organisational Economics 7/2023, University of Münster, Institute for Organisational Economics.
    2. Vischer, Lars, 2024. "Coach characteristics and their impact on substitution decisions," Discussion Papers of the Institute for Organisational Economics 6/2024, University of Münster, Institute for Organisational Economics, revised 2024.
    3. Günter, Niklas & Vischer, Lars, 2024. "Development of loan players in professional football," Discussion Papers of the Institute for Organisational Economics 5/2024, University of Münster, Institute for Organisational Economics.
    4. Böttger, Tom & Vischer, Lars, 2024. "Effects of the video assistant referee on games in the Bundesliga," Discussion Papers of the Institute for Organisational Economics 4/2024, University of Münster, Institute for Organisational Economics.

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    JEL classification:

    • Z20 - Other Special Topics - - Sports Economics - - - General

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