Claudio Tommaso Gnoli

The subject proposed for discussion during this panel consisted in evaluating the role of digital humanities from the point of view of specific disciplinary research practices. The first analyzed discipline, involved in the digital humanities practices and theories, is Knowledge Organization (section 2); the second is Archaeological Computing (section 3).

During the nineties of the last Century, under the inspiration of Luigi Cagnolaro, it had been founded a " Sciurus group " , within the Research Centres of the Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali. Aim of the group was to start a campaign of researches on red squirrel populations in Lombardy, Italy promoting field master thesis on various topics: colour phases and indirect estimations of population densities. The researches were carried out during 10 years in 5 study areas. An investigation and census with questionnaires were started in parallel, with the collaboration of Forest Guards (CFS), Ecological Guards (GEV) and students of biological and natural sciences. The results were published in Italian or exposed in national and international congresses. This review has the purpose to show and critically discuss the overall results, and make them available to a broader audience. The dark colour phase, in the red squirrel, resulted associated to elevation and conifer woodlands, according to the thermoregulation theory, which consider the dark fur thicker and more suitable in cold environments. Squirrel population densities are subject to periodical fluctuations, in conifer woodlands, due to cones availability. Cone crops are subject to cycle with years of great production followed by years of lean. The recorded squirrel densities are middle-lows, but in line with data from similar environments.

The principal aim of this research was to study coarsescale habitat selection and distribution of main setts of the Eurasian badger (Meles meles L., 1758). The study area extends for 161 Km2 in the hilly territory of southern Lombardy (Italy). The positions of 23 main setts (SP) and 28 random points (RP) were mapped into a GIS. For each point, several environmental characteristics were measured in the field or taken from thematic digital maps. A statistical comparison of the distribution of these characteristics in a circular area (radius 300 m) around each point was carried out. Eurasian badger setts were primarily dug in sheltered places, with high tree cover. The Manly selection index pointed to a strong selection for deciduous woods. Southern slope orientation and the presence of chestnut trees, a potentially important resource for badgers in this area, were also preferred. Similar to other studies, geological and lithological characters and the distance from water did not appear to influence den use. However, the substratum of the study area was mainly formed with sedimentary rocks, loam rocks and sandstones, with also easy-to-dig alluvial soils. Water is a resource easily available over the whole territory, with a well-branched network of rivers and streams. The road network and the presence of urban or industrial infrastructures seem to be a real factor of danger and disturbance, as one of the leading causes of mortality for badgers are road casualties. Our results suggest that badgers of this region are more selective for the sett site than for food resources.