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Research Interests: HIV and AIDS education, Environmental Health, Public Health, Medicine, Prevention, and 15 moreComputers, Humans, Female, Male, Drug Addiction, Data Collection, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Hiv seropositivity, Condom, Condoms, Logistic Models, Needle Sharing, Data Gathering, and Interviews as topic
Research Interests: Humanities and Medicine
Latent Class Analysis of Sexual Risk Patterns Among Esquineros (Street Corner Men) a Group of Heterosexually Identified, Socially Marginalized Men in Urban Coastal Peru Kelika A. KondaDavid D. CelentanoSusan Kegeles • Thomas J. CoatesCarlos F. Caceres • NIMH Collaborative HIV/STD Prevention Trial...more
Research Interests: Health Psychology, Demography, Heterosexuality, Behavior, Developing Countries, and 15 morePeru, Medicine, Latent Class Models, Drug Use, Humans, Female, Male, HIV Prevention, Adult, Latent Class Analysis, Alcohol Use, National Institute of Mental Health, Interviews as topic, Latent class model, and HIV infections
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Research Interests: Demography, Adolescent, Comorbidity, Logistic Regression, Humans, and 15 moreBaltimore, Male, Cohort Study, Injecting Drug Use, Hiv Infection, Cohort, Human immunodeficiency virus, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Cross Section, Injection Drug Use, Cross sectional Study, Logistic Models, Homeless Persons, and HIV infections
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Research Interests: Demography, Incidence Geometry, Humans, Mathematical Sciences, Baltimore, and 15 moreFemale, Male, American, Hiv Infection, Incidence, Cohort, Human immunodeficiency virus, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Hiv seropositivity, Interviews as topic, High risk, Medical and Health Sciences, HIV infections, and Age distribution
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ABSTRACTAim To examine factors associated with needle sharing among injecting drug users (IDU) in southern Thailand.Design Using a cross‐sectional survey, 272 active IDU were interviewed about their socio‐economic background, needle... more
ABSTRACTAim To examine factors associated with needle sharing among injecting drug users (IDU) in southern Thailand.Design Using a cross‐sectional survey, 272 active IDU were interviewed about their socio‐economic background, needle sharing and drug use patterns at six drug‐treatment clinics in southern Thailand.Findings Ninety‐one per cent of IDU gave a past history of ever sharing injecting equipment: of these, 23% currently injected but did not share and 68% still shared. Only 5% of participants knew that bleaching needles could reduce HIV transmission risks. Recent needle sharing was correlated with number of IDU friends (OR 12.23; CI, 5.24–28.51), engaging in illegal jobs (OR 2.74; CI, 1.13–6.67), being unable to use new needles at all times (OR 2.89; CI, 1.17–7.14) and believing that cleaning contaminated shared needles with at least plain water could reduce HIV transmission (OR 3.32; CI, 1.16–6.68).Conclusions Our data suggest that AIDS prevention efforts should focus on approaches to reduce needle sharing. Needle exchange programs, HIV counseling and testing and bleach distribution may reduce levels of needle‐sharing risks.
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Research Interests: Epidemiology, Virology, Public Health, Medicine, HIV, and 15 moreHumans, Sexually transmitted infections, AIDS, Social Environment, Incidence, Risk factors, Human immunodeficiency virus, Theoretical Models, Sex Factors, STD, Risk Factors, Abbreviations, Immunodeficiency, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Data Analysis, Family Medicine, Content Analysis, Medicine, Harm Reduction, and 15 moreHumans, Female, Male, Data Collection, Drug abuse, Participant Observation, Middle Aged, Adult, Qualitative Method, Needle Sharing, Health Personnel, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, and HIV infections
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In countries such as India, men who have same-sex partnerships may marry women due to cultural pressures regardless of their sexual desires and preferences. The wives of such men may be at risk for HIV but limited existing research... more
In countries such as India, men who have same-sex partnerships may marry women due to cultural pressures regardless of their sexual desires and preferences. The wives of such men may be at risk for HIV but limited existing research addresses this issue. This qualitative study used in-depth interviews to investigate HIV-related risk among married men who have sex with men (n = 34) and women who were aware of their husband's same-sex behaviour (n = 13) from six research sites in five states and a Union Territory in India: Delhi (Delhi), Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), Hyderabad (Telangana), Bengaluru (Karnataka), Chennai and Madurai (Tamil Nadu). Thematic analysis revealed that wives of men who have sex with men were at risk for HIV from their husbands' sexual practices, which are often hidden to avoid the potential consequences of stigmatisation, as well as from gender-based inequities that make husbands the primary decision-makers about sex and condom use, even when wives ar...
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In Vietnam, where 58% of prevalent HIV cases are attributed to PWID, we evaluated whether a multi-level intervention could improve care outcomes and increase survival. We enrolled 455 HIV-infected male PWID from 32 communes in Thai Nguyen... more
In Vietnam, where 58% of prevalent HIV cases are attributed to PWID, we evaluated whether a multi-level intervention could improve care outcomes and increase survival. We enrolled 455 HIV-infected male PWID from 32 communes in Thai Nguyen Province. Communes were randomized to a community stigma reduction intervention or standard of care and then within each commune, to an individual enhanced counseling intervention or standard of care, resulting in four arms: Arm 1 (standard of care); Arm 2 (community intervention alone); Arm 3 (individual intervention alone); and Arm 4 (community + individual interventions). Follow-up was conducted at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months to assess survival. Overall mortality was 23% (n = 103/455) over two years. There were no losses to follow-up for the mortality endpoint. Survival at 24-months was different across arms: Arm 4 (87%) vs Arm 1 (82%) vs Arm 2 (68%) vs Arm 3 (73%); log-rank test for comparison among arms: p=0.001. Among those with CD4 cell count &...
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The efficacy of a behavioral intervention to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors was tested in a randomized, controlled trial with three high-risk populations at 37 clinics from seven sites across the United States.... more
The efficacy of a behavioral intervention to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors was tested in a randomized, controlled trial with three high-risk populations at 37 clinics from seven sites across the United States. Compared with the 1855 individuals in the control condition, the 1851 participants assigned to a small-group, seven-session HIV risk reduction program reported fewer unprotected sexual acts, had higher levels of condom use, and were more likely to use condoms consistently over a 12-month follow-up period. On the basis of clinical record review, no difference in overall sexually transmitted disease (STD) reinfection rate was found between intervention and control condition participants. However, among men recruited from STD clinics, those assigned to the intervention condition had a gonorrhea incidence rate one-half that of those in the control condition. Intervention condition participants also reported fewer STD symptoms over the 12-month follow-up ...
Research Interests: Health Behavior, Science, Health Education, Risk Taking, Medicine, and 14 moreMultidisciplinary, Humans, United States, Female, Male, Sexual Behavior, Intervention Studies, Adult, Condoms, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Socioeconomic Factors, Statistics as Topic, Patient selection, and HIV infections
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Research Interests: Developing Countries, Peru, International Cooperation, China, Medicine, and 15 moreRussia, India, Biological Sciences, Population, Humans, Female, Male, AIDS, Community Networks, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Patient selection, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Psychology, Developing Countries, Peru, International Cooperation, China, and 15 moreMedicine, India, Biological Sciences, Population, Humans, Female, Male, AIDS, Data Collection, Ethnic Groups, Opinion Leadership, Community Networks, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Multicenter Studies as Topic, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Psychology, Developing Countries, Peru, International Cooperation, China, and 15 moreMedicine, India, Biological Sciences, Humans, Developing Country, Interview, Feasibility Studies, AIDS, Data Collection, Community Networks, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Interviews as topic, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Research Interests: Geography, Developing Countries, Peru, International Cooperation, China, and 15 moreMedicine, India, Biological Sciences, Humans, Female, Male, AIDS, Ethnic Groups, Prevalence, Community Networks, Pilot Projects, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
Objectives. We examined correlates of incarceration among young methamphetamine users in Chiang Mai, Thailand in 2005 to 2006.Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1189 young methamphetamine users. Participants were surveyed... more
Objectives. We examined correlates of incarceration among young methamphetamine users in Chiang Mai, Thailand in 2005 to 2006.Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1189 young methamphetamine users. Participants were surveyed about their recent drug use, sexual behaviors, and incarceration. Biological samples were obtained to test for sexually transmitted and viral infections.Results. Twenty-two percent of participants reported ever having been incarcerated. In multivariate analysis, risk behaviors including frequent public drunkenness, starting to use illicit drugs at an early age, involvement in the drug economy, tattooing, injecting drugs, and unprotected sex were correlated with a history of incarceration. HIV, HCV, and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection were also correlated with incarceration.Conclusions. Incarcerated methamphetamine users are engaging in behaviors and being exposed to environments that put them at increased risk of infection and harmful practices. Alternatives to incarceration need to be explored for youths.
Research Interests: History, Behavior, Developing Countries, Public Health, Adolescent, and 15 moreMedicine, Population, Humans, Public, Female, Methamphetamine, Male, Repression, Prevalence, Prisoners, Cross Sectional Analysis, Cross Sectional Studies, Poisson Distribution, Medical and Health Sciences, and research and practice
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... Wongworapat, Kanlaya MSc*; Keawvichit, Rassamee BSc, MPA*; Sirirojn, Bangorn MSc*; Dokuta, Sirikwan BSc*; Ruangyuttikarn, Cholticha MSc*; Sriplienchan, Somchai MD; Sontirat, Auchara MSc*; Kla, Kanitta Thai MSc*; Gravitt ... 1.... more
... Wongworapat, Kanlaya MSc*; Keawvichit, Rassamee BSc, MPA*; Sirirojn, Bangorn MSc*; Dokuta, Sirikwan BSc*; Ruangyuttikarn, Cholticha MSc*; Sriplienchan, Somchai MD; Sontirat, Auchara MSc*; Kla, Kanitta Thai MSc*; Gravitt ... 1. Chichareon S, Herrero R, Munoz N, et al. ...
Research Interests: Thailand, Medicine, Biological Sciences, HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS, Humans, and 15 moreFemale, Sexually transmitted infections, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cervical Cancer, Chiang Mai, Vagina, Aged, Middle Aged, Gynecology, Adult, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Cervix, Papillomavirus Infections, Alphapapillomavirus, and Medical and Health Sciences
Self-treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) is common, but little studied, in Thailand, and its influence on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is unknown. To assess STD self-treatment and self-prophylaxis behaviors... more
Self-treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) is common, but little studied, in Thailand, and its influence on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is unknown. To assess STD self-treatment and self-prophylaxis behaviors as well as HIV risks and serostatus among northern Thai men. Cross-sectional report from a cohort of military conscripts (N = 869). HIV and STD seroprevalence and reported risk behaviors, including STD history and antibiotic self-treatment, were obtained. Associations between STDs and self-treatment or prophylaxis and HIV infection were analyzed using t-tests, odds ratios, and logistic regression. The prevalence rate for HIV was 12.3%, and for syphilis it was 2.2%. Men who were seropositive for HIV were more likely to report having sex with commercial sex workers (OR 9.1), to have had an STD (OR 5.96) and to report inconsistent condom use with commercial sex workers (OR 3.13). Of 282 men reporting any STD, 65.2% treated themselves with antibiotics, and 8.5% used them before commercial sex. Among those who frequented commercial sex workers, 98.7% took preventive steps after sex by increasing urine output (69.2%), washing the genital area (28.9%), and using antibiotics (0.9%). Men reporting STD self-treatment were less likely to be HIV infected (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.31, 0.93). These men are attempting to prevent HIV and STDs. Self-treatment with antibiotics may lower HIV risks associated with bacterial STD in a high-prevalence population.
Research Interests: Health Behavior, Medicine, Biological Sciences, Syphilis, Population, and 15 moreHumans, Male, Human immunodeficiency virus, Self medication, Adult, Odds ratio, Condom, Cross Sectional Studies, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Sexually Transmitted Disease, Military Personnel, Logistic Models, Cohort Studies, Medical and Health Sciences, and HIV infections
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Research Interests: Demography, Incidence Geometry, Peru, Risk Taking, Medicine, and 15 moreBisexuality, Biological Sciences, Humans, Female, Male, Sexual Behavior, Men who have Sex with Men, Incidence, Prevalence, Adult, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Proportional Hazards Models, Medical and Health Sciences, HIV infections, and gonorrhea
Research Interests: Ethnic minorities, Medicine, Harm Reduction, Drug Use, Humans, and 15 moreFace to Face, Developing Country, Female, Methamphetamine, HIV Prevention, Injecting Drug Use, Detoxification, Hiv Infection, Ethnic Groups, Adult, Hiv seropositivity, Ethnic Minorities, Heroin, Central nervous system stimulants, and Medical and Health Sciences
Needle exchange programs (NEPs) represent a bridge to drug abuse treatment. NEP attenders tend to have more severe drug problems, however, and may be less ready to reduce their drug use than other drug users. This study investigated the... more
Needle exchange programs (NEPs) represent a bridge to drug abuse treatment. NEP attenders tend to have more severe drug problems, however, and may be less ready to reduce their drug use than other drug users. This study investigated the relationship between NEP attendance and readiness for cessation of drug use. Since the period from 1988 through 1989, a community-based sample of injection drug users (IDUs) in Baltimore has undergone semiannual interview-administered questionnaires and HIV testing. A total of 288 IDUs completed a questionnaire on readiness for cessation of drug use. Readiness for drug use cessation was assessed from a 28-item validated scale of problem drug use and intention to quit, based on the "stages of change" model. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with readiness for cessation of drug use, including sociodemographics, drug use behaviors, and NEP attendance. Thirty percent of respondents attended the NEP in the past month. Stage of change in readiness for cessation of drug use did not differ between NEP attenders and nonattenders (OR = 0.9; 95% CI: 0.5-1.6). Similar proportions of persons recently attending and not attending the NEP were classified as ready to stop drug use (about 30%). In multivariate analysis, readiness for cessation of drug use was associated with speedball injection and previous enrollment in drug treatment but not with NEP attendance. NEP attenders, although exhibiting characteristics consistent with more severe drug dependence, were as motivated for cessation of drug use as were nonattenders. These findings suggest that formal collaboration between NEPs and drug treatment programs could increase the proportion of IDUs in treatment.