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Rasistički antisemitizam kao ključni deo sveprisutne ideologije u Hitlero-voj Nemačkoj imao je bitnu unutranjepolitičku funkciju jer je nudio novu jed-nakost, obećavajući unutranje pregrupisavanje drutvene strukture. Drutvenu... more
Rasistički antisemitizam kao ključni deo sveprisutne ideologije u Hitlero-voj Nemačkoj imao je bitnu unutranjepolitičku funkciju jer je nudio novu jed-nakost, obećavajući unutranje pregrupisavanje drutvene strukture. Drutvenu hijerarhiju trebalo je izgraditi na novoj, nacionalističko-...
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Na osnovu do sada neistraženog, izuzetno vrednog izvora, dnevnika dr Davida Albale, arhivskih fondova Kraljevske jugoslovenske vlade i Jugoslovenskog poslanstva u Vašingtonu, objavljenih britanskih izvora, kao i memoara i literature, u... more
Na osnovu do sada neistraženog, izuzetno vrednog izvora, dnevnika dr Davida Albale, arhivskih fondova Kraljevske jugoslovenske vlade i Jugoslovenskog poslanstva u Vašingtonu, objavljenih britanskih izvora, kao i memoara i literature, u radu je istražena misija dr Albale u SAD-u od 1939. do njegove iznanadne smrti aprila 1942. godine.In late 1939, the Yugoslav Regent, Duke Pavle, sent dr. David Albala, one of Belgrade's most prominent Jewish public figures, to a confidential mission in the U.S. Dr. Albala's task was to obtain the assistance of the U.S. government for Yugoslavia's efforts to snap out of growing international isolation. His first mission of that kind, when the Serbian government sent him to the U.S.in 1917, had been a success. In the completely changed international circumstances, marked above all with America's policy of isolation, his second mission was a failure. After the German aggression on Yugoslavia in 1941 and amid the persecution of Jews in th...
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Na svom putu Dunavom velika grupa od preko 1.300 jevrejskih izbeglica iz srednje Evrope zaustavljena je u jugoslovenskoj rečnoj luci Prahovo 20. decembra 1939. Krajem istog meseca oni su prebačeni u zimovnik u Kladovu, 73 km uzvodno od... more
Na svom putu Dunavom velika grupa od preko 1.300 jevrejskih izbeglica iz srednje Evrope zaustavljena je u jugoslovenskoj rečnoj luci Prahovo 20. decembra 1939. Krajem istog meseca oni su prebačeni u zimovnik u Kladovu, 73 km uzvodno od Prahova. U drugoj polovini septembra 1940. godine izbeglice su premeštene u Šabac, gde ih je aprila 1941. zatekla nemačka okupacija. Uoči rata grupa od 200 do 280 omladinaca i dece, sa sertifikatima za useljenje, preko Grčke uputila se ka Palestini. Nemačke okupacione vlasti su jula 1941. godine internirale izbeglice iz Kladovskog transporta u Šapcu. Tokom gušenja ustanka i masovnih streljanja koje je "kaznena ekspedicija" nemačkih oružanih snaga (Vermahta) vršila u Šapcu i okolini, na stratištu kraj sela Zasavice, 12 i 13. oktobra 1941. godine, ubijeni su svi jevrejski muškarci iz Kladovskog transporta i iz samog Šapca. Preostali Jevreji, žene i manji broj dece, krajem januara 1942. godine prebačeni su u Jevrejski logor Zemun (Judenlager Se...
The history of Yugoslav Jews in World War Two is marked by the genocide perpetrated by the occupational forces of Nazi Germany and the puppet Independent State of Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska), and also by Jewish support or direct... more
The history of Yugoslav Jews in World War Two is marked by the genocide perpetrated by the occupational forces of Nazi Germany and the puppet Independent State of Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska), and also by Jewish support or direct participation in the National Liberation movement and victory over fascism. In comparison to the other Yugoslav nations, the Jews have - by percentage - suffered the greatest losses. From over 81.000 Yugoslav Jews (0.5% of the Yugoslav population in 1941) the war had survived about 15.000, while from 3.000 Jewish refugees in Yugoslavia only a few had saved their lives. The genocide was perpetrated systematically, according to plan, while the emphasis on the conviction of the Jewish "collective guilt" was disheartening. Also, the possibility of annihilation of a nation as a whole was by itself inconceivable. The greatest number of Jews was living in towns and it was relatively easy to register and control them. After the internment and execu...
On their voyage down the Danube, a large group of more than 1,300 Jewish refugees from Central Europe was stopped at the port of Prahovo, Yugoslavia, on December 20, 1939. Ву the end of that month, they were transported to the winter port... more
On their voyage down the Danube, a large group of more than 1,300 Jewish refugees from Central Europe was stopped at the port of Prahovo, Yugoslavia, on December 20, 1939. Ву the end of that month, they were transported to the winter port at Kladovo, 73 km upstream from Prahovo. In the second half of September 1940, the refugees were moved to Šabac, where they witnessed German occupation, in April 1941. Shortly before the war broke out, a group of between 200 and 280 youths and children who had obtained immigration certificates left for Palestine, via Greece. The German occupying forces interned the refugees from the Kladovo transport to Šabac in July 1941. During the anti-insurgence campaign in Šabac and its surroundings, and the mass executions by the "punitive expeditions" of the German Wehrmacht, at the execution ground near the village of Zasavica, on October 12 and 13, 1941, all Jewish men from the Kladovo Transport and Šabac were killed. The remaining Jews, women an...
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Povodom stogodišnjice od početka Prvog svetskog rata, Jevrejski istorijski muzej u Beogradu priredio je izložbu pod jednostavnim nazivom „Jevreji Srbije u Prvom svetskom ratu“ i posvetio je svim srpskim Jevrejima, muškarcima i ženama,... more
Povodom stogodišnjice od početka Prvog svetskog rata, Jevrejski istorijski muzej u Beogradu priredio je izložbu pod jednostavnim nazivom „Jevreji Srbije u Prvom svetskom ratu“ i posvetio je svim srpskim Jevrejima, muškarcima i ženama, koji su kao ratnici ili medicinsko osoblje učestvovali u svim ratovima za slobodu Srbije 1912-1918. godine. Jevreji toga doba nazivali su sebe „Srbi Mojsijeve vere“. Učestvovali su u svim ratovima od 1912. do 1918. kada se, najzad, završio Veliki rat, a naša zemlja ostala bez milion i više ljudi. Jevreji Srbije, i muškarci i žene, bili su izvanredno časni i hrabri ratnici, i požrtvovani lekari i bolničari. Tokom Prvog svetskog rata, srbijanski Jevreji su dali veliki doprinos oslobođenju i ujedinjenju, podnoseći zajedno sa ostalim stanovnicima Srbije velike žrtve, na frontu i u njegovoj pozadini. Osim na bojištu i od zadobijenih rana i bolesti, oni su stradali i u austrougarskim logorima. U predratnoj Srbiji je živelo između 6 i 7 hiljada Jevreja od koj...
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The Jewish Community and Antisemitism in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/Yugoslavia 1918-1941The Jews in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/Yugoslavia made up about 0.5 percent of the total population. The new national... more
The Jewish Community and Antisemitism in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/Yugoslavia 1918-1941The Jews in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/Yugoslavia made up about 0.5 percent of the total population. The new national framework provided the ability to accept the new state and national idea, but also gave impetus to strengthening their own identity embodied in Jewish nationalism, Zionism. Jews adapted to the new political circumstances relatively quickly and without major turmoil, at least as a whole. A liberal political foundation enabled the Jews to identify relatively easily with the new state. However, over a shorter or longer period, there were earlier national identifications as well. The spread and acceptance of antisemitism in Yugoslavia was affected by different traditions of the attitude towards the Jews in the political culture, political relations in the country and international circumstances. These factors were cumulative, although international circu...
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Rasistički antisemitizam kao ključni deo sveprisutne ideologije u Hitlero-voj Nemačkoj imao je bitnu unutranjepolitičku funkciju jer je nudio novu jed-nakost, obećavajući unutranje pregrupisavanje drutvene strukture. Drutvenu... more
Rasistički antisemitizam kao ključni deo sveprisutne ideologije u Hitlero-voj Nemačkoj imao je bitnu unutranjepolitičku funkciju jer je nudio novu jed-nakost, obećavajući unutranje pregrupisavanje drutvene strukture. Drutvenu hijerarhiju trebalo je izgraditi na novoj, nacionalističko-...
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The paper based on archival, published and press sources, and relevant literature presents the ideological basis and enforcement of the Croatian policy of the extermination of the Serbs and Jews in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH)... more
The paper based on archival, published and press sources, and relevant literature
presents the ideological basis and enforcement of the Croatian policy of the
extermination of the Serbs and Jews in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH)
which had its place within the New Order of Europe. Soon after the establishment
of the NDH in April 1941, the destruction process was partially centralised in a
network of camps centred at Gospić. After the outbreak of a mass Serb uprising and
the dissolution of the Gospić camp, a new and much larger system of camps centred
at Jasenovac operated as an extermination and concentration camp from the end of
August 1941 until the end of the war. In November 1941, the mass internment of
undesirable population groups was provided for by law, whereby the destruction process
was given a “legal” form.
presents the ideological basis and enforcement of the Croatian policy of the
extermination of the Serbs and Jews in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH)
which had its place within the New Order of Europe. Soon after the establishment
of the NDH in April 1941, the destruction process was partially centralised in a
network of camps centred at Gospić. After the outbreak of a mass Serb uprising and
the dissolution of the Gospić camp, a new and much larger system of camps centred
at Jasenovac operated as an extermination and concentration camp from the end of
August 1941 until the end of the war. In November 1941, the mass internment of
undesirable population groups was provided for by law, whereby the destruction process
was given a “legal” form.
The destruction of the Yugoslav state in April 1941 implied it joining the 'new European order' under the domination of the National Socialist Germany in which the Jewish people were exposed to total annihilation. The greatest number of... more
The destruction of the Yugoslav state in April 1941 implied it joining the 'new European order' under the domination of the National Socialist Germany in which the Jewish people were exposed to total annihilation. The greatest number of Yugoslav Jews saved their lives by escaping to the areas under the Italian rule. After Italy capitulated in September 1943, a larger number of refugees found refuge in neutral Switzerland. Jewish refugees, like other Yugoslav refugees, enjoyed the help of the Yugoslav government in exile through its diplomatic missions. The conflict of two resistance movements in the country caused a division among the Jewish refugees in Switzerland. Ideological, political and social differences among the refugees were also reflected in the issue of returning to the country after the war. The paper was written on the basis of archival research and relevant historiographical literature.