Papers by Renate Schafberg
Additional file 5. Integration and modularity analyses on landmarks and curves only.
ICAR Technical Series, 2017
European Journal of Wildlife Research, Dec 18, 2017
BMC Evolutionary Biology, Feb 4, 2015
Quaternary Science Reviews, Jun 1, 2023
Evolutionary biologists have recently solicited archaeologists to help document and understand th... more Evolutionary biologists have recently solicited archaeologists to help document and understand the morphological evolution of animals in response to human activities and, more generally, to help reconstruct the history and significance of the anthropogenic impact on worldwide ecosystems. Artificial selection associated with domestication is the best-known example of a major anthropogenic morphological evolution preserved in the archaeological record. However, the impact of the domestication process and dispersal on the morphological evolution of animals has been far less explored. To fill this gap, we focused on 4500 years of evolution in Western Europe Sus scrofa, covering the Neolithic transitiona major anthropogenic ecological disturbance involving landscape modification and the translocation of domestic mammals. Using geometric morphometrics on key phenotypic markers preserved in the archaeological record, associated with isotopic studies, we explored how, and in response to which cultural drivers, the Neolithic niche construction has influenced the morphological evolution of Western European wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa). The decoupling of size and shape components from bone morphological variation has facilitated the identification of several processes of phenotypic diversification of Sus s. scrofa in response to human behaviour during the Neolithic transition in Western Europe.
Journal of Anatomy, Mar 13, 2021
Scientific Reports, Nov 4, 2020
Anthropologischer Anzeiger, Jun 28, 1995
BMC ecology and evolution, Sep 21, 2021
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2007
Journal of Dairy Science, Oct 1, 2017
Livestock Science, Feb 1, 2013
Royal Society Open Science
Geometric morphometrics can effectively distinguish isolated third lower molars of present-day sh... more Geometric morphometrics can effectively distinguish isolated third lower molars of present-day sheep and goat, but its applicability to archaeological specimens has yet to be established. Using a modern reference collection of 743 sheep and goats and a two-dimensional landmark-based geometric morphometric (GMM) protocol, this study aimed to morphometrically identify 109 archaeological specimens, used as case studies, dating from the Late Neolithic to the modern period/era. These morphometric identifications were then compared to molecular identifications via collagen peptide mass fingerprinting, known as Zooarcheology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS). ZooMS confirmed the morphometric identifications for 104 specimens, with the five misidentified specimens all morphometrically identified as goat. Modern sheep and goats have larger teeth and distinct shapes compared to their archaeological counterparts, suggesting strong differences between archaeological and modern specimens potentially ...
Proceedings of 12th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production (WCGALP)
Livestock Science, 2015
In this review, the history of breeding for polled cattle is compiled from literature as well as ... more In this review, the history of breeding for polled cattle is compiled from literature as well as graphic representations of cattle in art and science. Domesticated taurine cattle originated around 8500 years BCE in the Near East and spread from there to Africa as well as to Europe. Earliest findings of polled domesticated cattle are from today’s Slovakia and Germany from 6000 years BCE. Textual findings and especially graphic displays can be found of polled cattle in Ancient Egypt. Although archaeological finds of skulls that can be evaluated for natural polledness are rare, archaeological texts and graphical displays indicate that genetically polled cattle in Ancient Egypt were present and quite numerous. Polled cattle apparently were also kept by Germanic tribes and can be followed through medieval times into the 17th and 18th century where textual accounts are more frequent. In Scandinavian countries and Great Britain polled cattle have survived in greater proportions up to today while in the middle of Europe polled cattle were not well regarded by farmers and almost became extinct. Among the British breeds, Angus and Galloway were established as beef cattle breeds in the 17th/18th century, and still flourish. However, the British polled dairy breed Suffolk became extinct. It was one of the ancestral breeds of the Red Polled beef breed and was used in attempts to promote polled dairy cattle in France in the 19th century. Reports of single individuals in polled cattle found in predominantly horned populations possibly indicate several origins of the polled mutations. Recently, at least two different types of mutations, located on BTA01, have been found to be responsible for the mutation commonly referred to as the polled allele. One is the so-called ‘Celtic’ type, found in Scandinavia and Britain while the’‘Friesian’ type is found in cattle of the Holstein family. Today, aspects of animal welfare more and more influence farmers’ attitudes towards naturally polled cattle and also governmental policies play an important role. For the important horned dairy breeds of central Europe, e.g. Holstein, Brown Swiss and Fleckvieh, as well as for the beef breed Charolais, breeding programs for the introgression of the polled allele are starting and will be aided by new tools such as genomic selection.
A collection of recent skeletal remains from the Asiatic wild ass (Equus hemionus hemionus PALLAS... more A collection of recent skeletal remains from the Asiatic wild ass (Equus hemionus hemionus PALLAS) was prepared and stored in the Museum of Domesticated Animals “JULIUS KÜHN” in Halle, Germany. The collection is based on carcass remains sampled between 2001 and 2006 under the leadership of Michael Stubbe during joint Mongolian-German Biological Expeditions Skeletal remains of 43 individual specimens were studied (18 mares, 15 stallions, and 10 juvenile asses). The determination of sex and age was initially based on carcass information from observations made in situ in the field. Subsequently, skull traits, including dentition and development of canine teeth were included to determine the ages of individuals. All animals were classified by age using histomorphological sections and observations of the tooth structure. During this study, Individual ages ranged from a foal under one year to an 18-year old stallion. The osteometric measurements of the fully grown long bones (humerus, rad...
Additional file 4. Study of the modularity structure.
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Papers by Renate Schafberg