oliver harms

For research and clinical use of stem cells, a suitable animal model is necessary. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare human-bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) with those from sheep (oBMSCs) and pigs (pBMSCs). The cells from these three species were examined for their self-renewal potential; proliferation potential; adhesion and migration capacity; adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential; and cell morphology. There was no significant difference between hBMSCs and pBMSCs in terms of self-renewal potential or growth potential. The oBMSCs exhibited a significantly higher doubling time than hBMSCs from passage 7. The migration assay showed significant differences between hBMSCs and pBMSCs and oBMSCs—up to 30 min, hBMSCs were faster than both types and after 60 min faster than pBMSCs. In the adhesion assay, hBMSCs were significantly better than oBMSCs and pBMSCs. When differentiating in the direction of osteogenesis, oBMSCs and pBMSCs ha...

A male 10-year-old captive red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) was presented with a chronic progressive pelvic limb lameness and reluctance to jump. The general examination revealed a palpable induration of the lumbar epaxial muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging performed under general anesthesia revealed bilateral almost symmetric, well-circumscribed mass lesions in superficial erector spinae muscles. The lesions had irregular to multilobulated appearance with hyper-, hypo-, and isointense areas in T2- and T1-weighted (w) sequences without contrast enhancement. On computed tomography, a peripheral rim of mineralization was apparent. Histopathological analysis of a muscle biopsy showed osseous trabeculae with rare clusters of chondrocytes indicating metaplasia of muscle tissue to bone. No indications of inflammation or malignancy were visible. The clinical, histopathological, and imaging workup of this case was consistent with myositis ossificans circumscripta. This disorder is particularl...

Objective The aim of this study was to measure surface pressures and force distribution on radius and ulna in healthy and dysplastic elbow joints in different positions using the finite element analysis (FEA).Study Design FEA was performed on computed tomographic data of healthy and fragmented coronoid process diseased elbow joints of Labrador Retrievers. It considered the articular cartilage, collateral ligaments, triceps and biceps muscle. The analysis of each joint was performed in four positions (standing position: 145 degrees and three positions of the stance phase of gait: beginning: 115 degrees, middle: 110 degrees, end: 145 degrees joint angle) in consideration of different ground reaction forces (standing: 88.3 N; stance phase of gait: 182.5 N).Results Mean values of total force of 317.5 N (standing), 590.7 N (beginning), 330.9 N (middle) and 730.9 N (end) were measured. The percentual force distribution resulted in a total of 49.56 ± 26.58% on the ulna with a very inhomoge...

Objective To illustrate the arterial vascularity of the proximal tibia three-dimensionally and to evaluate the impact of fragment rotation on the cranial tibial artery by tibia plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO). Methods Radiographic angiography and computed tomography (CT) were performed on 12 pelvic limbs from six large-breed canine cadavers before and after TPLO. Three-dimensional (3D) models of the stifle, including osseous and vascular structures, were obtained, and the integrity of the cranial tibial artery was assessed. Post-TPLO CT images were used to analyze compression of the cranial tibial artery by the rotated fragment. Results The uncompressed cranial tibial artery caliber, measured proximally and distally to the osteotomy, was 9.52 mm2 (6.07–18.90 mm2). In all adequately rotated fragments, the mean caliber of the artery on the level of the osteotomy was 1.57 mm2 (0.89–2.93 mm2) after TPLO. This represented a significant decrease of approximately 81%. Only slight cross-...

Additional file 1: Table 3. Representation of the median values and mean percentage deviations from the planned standard object. Representation of the materials PLA and GreenTEC Pro®, in the filling degrees 30 and 100% (N = total number of measurements).

Background Different 3D-printed materials polyactic acid (PLA), polyamide (PA), polycarbonates (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and GreenTEC Pro®I have been considered for surgical templates, but there is a sparity of data about how these materials are affected by steam sterilization. The aim of the current study was to test if and how these materials change morphologically when high temperature, pressure and humidity are applied during the steam sterilization process. The overall aim is to create patient-specific sawing templates for performing corrective osteotomies. After the designing process, test-specimens with five different materials: PLA, PC, ABS, PA and GreenTEC Pro® were 3D-printed in two filling grades (30 and 100%). The FDM method was used for printing. After 3D-printing, the test-specimens were steam sterilized with a standard program lasting 20 min, at a temperature of 121 °C and a pressure of 2–3 bar. In order to measure the deviation of the printed model,...

Intramedullary nailing at the femur increases the risk for ARDS due to embolization of the intramedullary contents.  In the polytrauma patient with lung contusion, key factors are polymorphonuclear leukocytes, free fatty acids and the coagulation cascade. In this study, the effects of intramedullary nailing to lung permeability, inflammatory changes and activation of the coagulation system were investigated. In the presence of lung contusion, reamed femoral nailing leads to a significant increase in lung permeability. This is associated with a lower stimulation of pulmonary polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In the histological slides, a significant increase of the pulmonary edema and more leukocyte diapedeses were shown. Unreamed femoral nailing leads to similar stimulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes as reamed femoral nailing. A short, temporary rise of pulmonary permeability was detected after lung contusion, but not after instrumentation of the intramedullary canal. This is refle...

SummaryObjective: To evaluate two different protocols of cold compression therapy (CCT) for pain management and functional recovery in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). Material and methods: A total of 27 adult dogs (n = 30 stifles; staged bilateral procedures: n = 3) undergoing routine TPLO were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 10/group). Dogs of group I received CCT once before and immediately after surgery. In dogs of group II CCT was performed postoperatively four times at 6-hour intervals. Dogs of the control group did not receive CCT. Circumference of the stifle joint and the following pain-related parameters were measured by a single blinded observer before surgery and 1, 10 and 42 days after surgery: stifle joint range of motion (ROM), subjective degree of lameness, and score of a modified Glasgow Pain Scale (GPS). Results: Both CCT groups showed significantly greater ROM and lower GPS scores 24 hours after surgery compared to the control group...

In surgical treatment of cranial cruciate ligament disease in dogs, Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy (TPLO) and Tibial Tuberosity Advancement (TTA) are commonly established procedures and have proven effective in restoring limb function. Unlike clinical outcome, economic aspects have not been studied as extensively. However, the surgical intervention poses an enormous financial burden on patients’ owners. In a veterinary practice setting, this study compares prices for TPLO and TTA and examines prices differences as well as potential cost drivers. Charges for veterinary treatments are based on the Gebührenordnung für Tierärztinnen und Tierärzte (GOT), which is mandatory for veterinarians in Germany but allows a certain range in billing. This study found that TPLO is charged at a higher price than TTA; however, this might not cover the additional costs of this procedure. The price is also associated with weight, heavier dogs being more expensive. The underlying strategies for prici...

SummaryA 4-year-old male Eurasian Dog presented at our veterinary clinic with a history of perpetual forelimb lameness in both thoracic limbs. In the clinical exploration, direct pressure over the infraspinatus tendon of insertion caused pain in both thoracic forelimbs and a firm band-like structure was palpable. No improvement was observed after treatment with rest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and an intralesional injection of a long-acting glucocorticoid. Radiographic examination, ultrasonographic exploration and computed tomography were performed, identifying ossified structures lateral to the proximal humerus and an irregular roughened periosteum at the insertion and tendon of the infraspinatus muscle on both sides. There were more distinct alterations on the right thoracic limb. The imaging results led to a diagnosis of an infraspinatus tendon-bursa ossification accompanied by a chronic tendinopathy/tendovaginitis, accentuated on the right side. The dog was subjected ...

To describe clinical, radiographic, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in 16 dogs diagnosed with gastrocnemius musculotendinopathy. Retrospective evaluation of medical records, radiographs, and MRI results, as well as follow-up completed by telephone questionnaire. Most dogs had chronic hindlimb lameness with no history of trauma or athletic activities. Clinical examination revealed signs of pain on palpation without stifle joint instability. Seven dogs had radiographic signs of osteophyte formation on the lateral fabella. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed T2 hyperintensity and uptake of contrast agent in the region of the origin of the gastrocnemius muscle. Changes were found in the lateral and medial heads of the gastrocnemius. Conservative treatment resulted in return to full function in 11 dogs. Two dogs showed partial restoration of normal function, one dog showed no improvement. Two dogs were lost to follow-up. Gastrocnemius musculotendinopathy is a potential caus...

Although, hypothermia is a frequent event after trauma, it is unclear whether its beneficial or detrimental effects are more important. This study aims to quantify the effects of hypothermia and re-warming on the inflammatory response after fracture/hemorrhage and subsequent fracture stabilization with resuscitation. Eighty-one male C57Bl/6 mice (aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 22.0+/-3.0 g) underwent femoral fracture and hemorrhage followed by resuscitation and splint fixation of the fracture. Animals were sacrificed 3h after induction of hemorrhage and fracture. Besides a sham group (n=6), four experimental groups were created: A: normothermia (n=12), B: hypothermia after trauma (n=21), C: re-warming after resuscitation and before stabilization (n=21), and D: hypothermia before trauma (n=21). Groups B-D were further subdivided into three subgroups according to the degree of hypothermia (subgroup 1: 35-33 degrees C, subgroup 2: 32.9-30.0 degrees C, and subgroup 3: 29.9-27.0 degrees C). Plasma cytokine (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10) and chemokine (MCP-1) concentrations were determined by ELISA, pulmonary permeability changes were quantified, and histological analysis of lung and liver tissues was performed. Normothermia resulted in a significantly increased early mortality rate. A significantly increased pro-inflammatory and decreased anti-inflammatory responses were also observed in normothermia as compared to hypothermia. The extent of these changes was most pronounced in the severe hypothermic group. Re-warming after mild hypothermia resulted in a pro-inflammatory response comparable to normothermia. Hypothermia has a beneficial effect on early survival after trauma, which appears to be independent of the level of hypothermia and re-warming. Re-warming, however, enhanced the pro-inflammatory response. Further studies with a longer posttraumatic observation period are required to investigate the long term effects of the hypothermia and re-warming-induced changes on the pro- and anti-inflammatory responses.

Although, hypothermia is a frequent event after trauma, it is unclear whether its beneficial or detrimental effects are more important. This study aims to quantify the effects of hypothermia and re-warming on the inflammatory response after fracture/hemorrhage and subsequent fracture stabilization with resuscitation. Eighty-one male C57Bl/6 mice (aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 22.0+/-3.0 g) underwent femoral fracture and hemorrhage followed by resuscitation and splint fixation of the fracture. Animals were sacrificed 3h after induction of hemorrhage and fracture. Besides a sham group (n=6), four experimental groups were created: A: normothermia (n=12), B: hypothermia after trauma (n=21), C: re-warming after resuscitation and before stabilization (n=21), and D: hypothermia before trauma (n=21). Groups B-D were further subdivided into three subgroups according to the degree of hypothermia (subgroup 1: 35-33 degrees C, subgroup 2: 32.9-30.0 degrees C, and subgroup 3: 29.9-27.0 degrees C). Plasma cytokine (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10) and chemokine (MCP-1) concentrations were determined by ELISA, pulmonary permeability changes were quantified, and histological analysis of lung and liver tissues was performed. Normothermia resulted in a significantly increased early mortality rate. A significantly increased pro-inflammatory and decreased anti-inflammatory responses were also observed in normothermia as compared to hypothermia. The extent of these changes was most pronounced in the severe hypothermic group. Re-warming after mild hypothermia resulted in a pro-inflammatory response comparable to normothermia. Hypothermia has a beneficial effect on early survival after trauma, which appears to be independent of the level of hypothermia and re-warming. Re-warming, however, enhanced the pro-inflammatory response. Further studies with a longer posttraumatic observation period are required to investigate the long term effects of the hypothermia and re-warming-induced changes on the pro- and anti-inflammatory responses.