सिँनगु
Appearance
![]() A composite Cassini image of Jupiter. The dark spot is the shadow of Europa. The Great Red Spot, a persistent anticyclonic storm, is at lower right. White atmospheric bands, termed zones, represent areas of upwelling; reddish bands, called belts, represent areas of downwelling. They display high-altitude ammonia ice clouds and lower clouds of unknown composition, respectively. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Designations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pronunciation | /ˈdʒuːpɨtər/[१] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjective | Jovian | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Orbital characteristics[५][६] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Epoch J2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Aphelion | 816,520,800 km (5.458104 AU) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Perihelion | 740,573,600 km (4.950429 AU) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Semi-major axis | 778,547,200 km (5.204267 AU) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Eccentricity | 0.048775 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Orbital period |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Synodic period | 398.88 days[३] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Average orbital speed | 13.07 km/s[३] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mean anomaly | 18.818° | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Inclination |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Longitude of ascending node | 100.492° | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Argument of perihelion | 275.066° | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Satellites | 67 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Physical characteristics | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Mean radius | 69,911 ± 6 km[७][८] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Equatorial radius | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Polar radius | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Flattening | 0.06487 ± 0.00015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Surface area | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Volume | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Mass | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Mean density | 1.326 g/cm3[३][८] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Equatorial surface gravity | 24.79 m/s2[३][८] 2.528 g | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Escape velocity | 59.5 km/s[३][८] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sidereal rotation period | 9.925 h[११] (9 h 55 m 30 s) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Equatorial rotation velocity | 12.6 km/s 45,300 km/h | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Axial tilt | 3.13°[३] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
North pole right ascension | 268.057° 17 h 52 min 14 s[७] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
North pole declination | 64.496°[७] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Albedo | 0.343 (Bond) 0.52 (geom.)[३] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
Apparent magnitude | -1.6 to -2.94[३] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Angular diameter | 29.8" — 50.1"[३] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Atmosphere[३] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Surface pressure | 20–200 kPa[१२] (cloud layer) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Scale height | 27 km | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Composition |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
वृहस्पति सुर्द्यः मन्दःया दकलय् तःधंगु गरः ख।
लिधंसा
[सम्पादन]- ↑ Jupiter, entry in the Oxford English Dictionary, prepared by J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner, vol. 8, second edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989. ISBN 0-19-861220-6 (vol. 8), ISBN 0-19-861186-2 (set.)
- ↑ Seligman, Courtney. Rotation Period and Day Length. 2009-08-13 कथं।
- ↑ ३.०० ३.०१ ३.०२ ३.०३ ३.०४ ३.०५ ३.०६ ३.०७ ३.०८ ३.०९ ३.१० ३.११ ३.१२ ३.१३ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>
tag; no text was provided for refs namedfact
- ↑ The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter (2009-04-03). 2009-04-10 कथं। (produced with Solex 10 written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also Invariable plane)
- ↑ Yeomans, Donald K. (2006-07-13). HORIZONS Web-Interface for Jupiter Barycenter (Major Body=5). JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System. 2007-08-08 कथं। — At the site, go to the "web interface" then select "Ephemeris Type: Elements", "Target Body: Jupiter Barycenter" and "Center: Sun".
- ↑ Orbital elements refer to the barycenter of the Jupiter system, and are the instantaneous osculating values at the precise J2000 epoch. Barycenter quantities are given because, in contrast to the planetary centre, they do not experience appreciable changes on a day-to-day basis due to the motion of the moons.
- ↑ ७.० ७.१ ७.२ ७.३ ७.४ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>
tag; no text was provided for refs namedSeidelmann Archinal A'hearn et al. 2007
- ↑ ८.० ८.१ ८.२ ८.३ ८.४ ८.५ ८.६ ८.७ Refers to the level of 1 bar atmospheric pressure
- ↑ Solar System Exploration: Jupiter: Facts & Figures. NASA (7 May 2008).
- ↑ Astrodynamic Constants. JPL Solar System Dynamics (2009-02-27). 2007-08-08 कथं।
- ↑ Seidelmann, P. K.; Abalakin, V. K.; Bursa, M.; Davies, M. E.; de Burgh, C.; Lieske, J. H.; Oberst, J.; Simon, J. L.; Standish, E. M.; Stooke, P.; Thomas, P. C. (2001). Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements of the Planets and Satellites: 2000. HNSKY Planetarium Program. 2007-02-02 कथं।
- ↑ Anonymous (March 1983). "Probe Nephelometer". Galileo Messenger (6). Retrieved on 2007-02-12.