විකිපීඩියා:WikiProject Geographical coordinates
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WikiProject Geographical coordinates aims to better organize location information in articles containing a set of numbers that identifies location on and relative to the Earth. In particular, we aim to establish a standard for uniform handling of latitude and longitude coordinates as given in various Wikipedia articles, somewhat analogous to how ISBN numbers are handled.
Quick Geographical coordinates how to
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NOTE: This is a concept currently under development, so this is subject to change.
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Related WikiProjects[සංස්කරණය]
WikiProject Council includes this WikiProject in its Geographical directory. This WikiProject is an offshoot of WikiProject Maps:
- WikiProject Geography
- WikiProject Maps
- WikiProject Geographical coordinates
- WikiProject Maps
...and is the parent project of:
Other WikiProjects that make use of geographical coordinates include:
Associated Portals[සංස්කරණය]
The AtlasPortal is associated with WikiProject Geography.
The Geography Portal is associated with WikiProject Geography.
Participants[සංස්කරණය]
This list has been moved to its own page.
Goals[සංස්කරණය]
Should provide a uniform markup for all geographic coordinates
Should provide a user-preferred appearance for all geographic coordinates
Markup should be easy and natural to use
Should be able to have a uniform, extensible way of accessing all types of map resources, avoiding having direct external links to maps in articles
Clicking on a reference navigates directly to a page with external pointers to various resources, with coordinates automatically embedded where possible. The resources can be maps of various kinds, topological charts, satellite photos and others.
Create a database of points, enabling generation of navigatable maps with a clickable icon appearing for every location for which there is a Wikipedia article. This has been implemented for NASA World Wind, Google Earth (see below) and Google maps (see below).
Serve as a tool for finding Wikipedia articles describing nearby locations. See also meta:Wikipediatlas.
Adhere to existing Internet standards for geographic coordinates as far as possible[පැහැදීම ඇවැසිය]
Usage guidelines[සංස්කරණය]
- See also MOS:COORDS
In general, coordinates should be added to any article about a location, structure, or geographic feature that is more or less fixed in one place. Such items can vary in size from a single tree (or smaller) to entire oceans or continents. Coordinates should also be added to articles about events that are associated with a single location, for example, the Ufa train disaster. Guidelines for less obvious situations are given below.
Coordinates are appropriate for the top articles or within infoboxes of the following types of articles:
- Businesses/organizations with a single location (even if they are defunct)
- Demolished buildings/structures
- Buildings/structures that have been proposed, but not yet built (if there is a reliable source for the location)
- Permanently docked ships (and shipwrecks)
Do not add coordinates to the following types of articles:
- Biographies of living people
- Works of art (other than permanent outdoor statues, installations or murals)
- Sports teams (add to the stadium article instead)
- Businesses with multiple locations (although listing coords for individual locations in a table may be appropriate)
- Ships that are not permanently docked or sunk
Other types of articles may be decided on a case-by-case basis.
Which coordinates to use[සංස්කරණය]
National mapping agencies such as the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), Ordnance Survey (OS), and Geographical Names Board of Canada (GNBC) are usually reliable sources for coordinates. The GEOnet Names Server (GNS) database is not reliable. Always double check the coordinates on an internet mapping service. For other locations, the following points should be considered:
- For villages, towns, communities, etc., use the current centre. Where this is difficult, choose the earliest known settlement of that name. Be aware that the GNIS coordinates may be an arbitrarily chosen civic feature, as that was the usual rule.
- For military and industrial establishments (e.g., castles, barracks, dockyards, car plants) use the main gate.
- For administrative districts, use the head office.
- For geographical features with an area, such as lakes, reservoirs, and islands, use a point reasonably in the center of the feature. (Remember not to specify too much precision; see Precision guidelines below.)
- For linear features, see Wikipedia:WikiProject Geographical coordinates/Linear. Be aware that the GNIS primary coordinates will usually be of the feature "mouth" and thus may differ.
Markup[සංස්කරණය]
The practical usage of coordinate markup in Wikipedia is described in the style guide for geographical coordinates. For use on maps and other services, parameters may also be required.
A complete entry could for example be: {{coord|51|28|40|N|0|0|6|W|type:landmark_scale:2000_region:GB|display=title}}
See also: Obtaining coordinates
[සංස්කරණය]
The template {{WikiProject Geographical coordinates}} may be added to relevant Talk pages. This adds the page to several categories and displays as: සැකිල්ල:WikiProject Geographical coordinates
Implementation details[සංස්කරණය]
Coordinate templates[සංස්කරණය]
There are two ways of specifying coordinates:
{{coord}}
– Accepts multiple data formats and supports a style sheet preference for display format, plus a Geo microformat.Coord
may be placed anywhere in the article source text, inline, with prose text. For example "Mount Everest is at {{coord|27|59|16|N|86|56|40|E}}
", which displays as "Mount Everest is at 27°59′16″N 86°56′40″E / 27.98778°N 86.94444°E". To display coordinates at the page's top, near the article's title, in a skin-dependent way, usedisplay=title
(see example at Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric dam). To display both inline and top, usedisplay=inline,title
.- Infoboxes – Many infobox templates for places have a parameter, typically
|coordinates=
, for specifying a place's coordinates. The template internally uses {{coord}} and may therefore also display in the title area. See Template:Infobox Settlement and Template:Infobox Mountain for documentation, or, usage examples at Los Angeles and Mount Everest.
(Before September 2008, there was a widely-used family of templates of the form coor .... These are deprecated and have been replaced by {{coord}}. For an overview of choices: WikiProject Geographical coordinates/comparison.)
Parameters[සංස්කරණය]
Following the geographical coordinate, further parameters can optionally be supplied, separated by underscores. This helps display suitable map resources (see Template:GeoTemplate), and will help Wikimaps become fully functional.
{{coord|61.1631|-149.9721|type:landmark_globe:earth_region:US-AK_scale:150000_source:gnis|name=Kulis Air National Guard Base}}
displays 61°09′47″N 149°58′20″W / 61.1631°N 149.9721°W
It has
- type:landmark
- globe:earth
- region:US-AK
- scale:150000
- source:gnis
type:T[සංස්කරණය]
The type:
parameter specifies the type of location for reverse mapping (for instance, to select a marker icon in the WikiMiniAtlas).
It also sets the map scale, which can however be overridden by dim: or scale:.
Valid types are:
T | Description | Map scale |
---|---|---|
country | (e.g. "type:country") | 1:10,000,000 |
satellite | geo-stationary satellites | 1:10,000,000 |
adm1st | Administrative unit of country, 1st level (province, state), see table, e.g. U.S. states | 1:1,000,000 |
adm2nd | Administrative unit of country, 2nd level, see table, e.g. County (United States) | 1:300,000 |
adm3rd | Administrative unit of country, 3rd level, see table | 1:100,000 |
city(pop) | cities, towns, villages, hamlets, suburbs, subdivisions, neighborhoods, and other human settlements (including unincorporated and/or abandoned ones) with specified population Commas in pop will be ignored. There should be no blanks. |
1:30,000 ... 1:300,000 |
city | cities, towns, villages, hamlets, suburbs, subdivisions, neighborhoods, and other human settlements (including unincorporated and/or abandoned ones) with unspecified population These are treated as minor cities. |
1:100,000 |
airport | airports and airbases | 1:30,000 |
mountain | peaks, mountain ranges, hills, submerged reefs, and seamounts | 1:100,000 |
isle | islands and isles | 1:100,000 |
waterbody | bays, fjords, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, lochs, loughs, meres, lagoons, estuaries, inland seas, and waterfalls | 1:100,000 |
forest | forests and woodlands | 1:50,000 |
river | rivers, canals, creeks, brooks, and streams including intermittent ones | 1:100,000 |
glacier | glaciers and icecaps | 1:50,000 |
event | one-time or regular events and incidents that occurred at a specific location, including battles, earthquakes, festivals, and shipwrecks | 1:50,000 |
edu | schools, colleges, and universities | 1:10,000 |
pass | mountain passes | 1:10,000 |
railwaystation | stations, stops, and maintenance areas of railways and trains, including railroad, metro, rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway, etc. | 1:10,000 |
landmark | buildings (including factories, museums, theatres, and power plants but excluding schools and railway stations), caves, cemeteries, cultural landmarks, geologic faults, headlands, intersections, mines, ranches, roads, structures (including antennas, bridges, castles, dams, factories, lighthouses, monuments, and stadiums), tourist attractions, valleys, and other points of interest | 1:10,000 |
Default scale: if no type is used or the type is not defined in the geohack extension | 1:300,000 |
T | Markup | Result |
---|---|---|
waterbody | {{coord|46|43|N|7|58|E|type:waterbody}} | 46°43′N 7°58′E / 46.717°N 7.967°E |
dim:D[සංස්කරණය]
විකිපීඩියා:WikiProject Geographical coordinates/dim:
scale:N[සංස්කරණය]
The scale:
parameter specifies the desired map scale as 1:N, overriding the scale implied by any type: parameter.
GeoHack uses scale:
to select a map scale for a 72 dpi computer monitor. If no dim:
, type:
, or scale:
parameters are provided, GeoHack uses its default scale of 1:300,000.
Subject | Scale | Markup | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Big Ben | 1:500 | {{coord|51.500611|N|0.124611|W|scale:500}} | 51°30′02″N 0°07′29″W / 51.500611°N 0.124611°W |
Palace of Westminster | 1:5,000 | {{coord|51.5006|N|0.1246|W|scale:5000}} | 51°30′02″N 0°07′29″W / 51.5006°N 0.1246°W |
City of Westminster | 1:50,000 | {{coord|51.501|N|0.125|W|scale:50000}} | 51°30′04″N 0°07′30″W / 51.501°N 0.125°W |
Greater London | 1:500,000 | {{coord|51.50|N|0.12|W|scale:500000}} | 51°30′N 0°07′W / 51.50°N 0.12°W |
region:R[සංස්කරණය]
The region:
parameter specifies the political region for terrestrial coordinates. It is used to select appropriate map resources. If no region:
parameter is provided, GeoHack attempts to determine the region from the coordinates.
The region should be supplied as either a two character ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code or an ISO 3166-2 region code.
Examples of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes:
Examples of ISO 3166-2 codes:
- NO-03 Oslo, Norway
- DE-TH Thuringia
- US-NY New York state
In addition, two Wiki assigned code elements can be used with {{coord}}:
- XZ for objects in or above international waters (similar to UN/LOCODE).
- ZZ for use in examples.
Focus region | Region | Markup | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Switzerland | CH
|
{{coord|46.9524|N|7.4396|E|region:CH}} | 46°57′09″N 7°26′23″E / 46.9524°N 7.4396°E |
Berlin, ජර්මනිය | DE-BE
|
{{coord|52.5164|N|13.3775|E|region:DE-BE}} | 52°30′59″N 13°22′39″E / 52.5164°N 13.3775°E |
globe:G[සංස්කරණය]
The globe:
parameter specifies the planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite upon which the coordinates reside. Apart from earth (the default), recognized values are: mercury, venus, moon, mars, phobos, deimos, ceres, ganymede, callisto, io, europa, mimas, enceladus, tethys, dione, rhea, titan, hyperion, iapetus, phoebe, miranda, ariel, umbriel, titania, oberon, triton, and pluto.
Subject | G | Markup | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Kittu Crater | ganymede | {{coord|0.4|N|334.6|W|globe:ganymede}}
|
0°24′N 334°36′W / 0.4°N 334.6°W |
Viking 2 lander | mars | {{coord|48.269|N|225.990|W|globe:mars}}
|
48°16′08″N 225°59′24″W / 48.269°N 225.990°W |
Mozart Crater | mercury | {{coord|8|N|190.5|W|globe:mercury}}
|
8°00′N 190°30′W / 8°N 190.5°W |
Apollo 11 lander | moon | {{coord|0|40|26.69|N|23|28|22.69|E|globe:moon}}
|
0°40′26.69″N 23°28′22.69″E / 0.6740806°N 23.4729694°E |
Ksa Crater | titan | {{coord|14.0|N|65.4|W|globe:titan}}
|
14°00′N 65°24′W / 14.0°N 65.4°W |
Venera 13 lander | venus | {{coord|7.5|S|303|E|globe:venus}}
|
7°30′S 303°00′E / 7.5°S 303°E |
Stickney Crater | phobos | {{coord|1|N|49|W|globe:phobos}}
|
1°N 49°W / 1°N 49°W |
For globes other than Earth, {{coord}} does not assume a specific reference system (in contrast with Earth's WGS84). Since the template defaults to east longitude, the |W|
direction must be specified for globes that measure longitude westward. At the present time, only limited mapping is available for Mars and the Moon and none for other extraterrestrial bodies. For celestial coordinates, use {{Sky}} instead.