List of IOC country codes
Appearance
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The International Olympic Committee (IOC) uses three-letter abbreviation country codes to call each group of athletes that participate in the Olympic Games.[1]
Since 1952, the list of IOC country codes has changed as new countries were added. Sometimes the names of countries were changed. Some countries have had as many as four different codes.[2]
Contents: | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V Y Z |
---|
A
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
AFG | ![]() |
Afghanistan National Olympic Committee[3] | |
AHO | ![]() |
Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee | ATO (1960) NAN (1964) |
ALB | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Albania[4] | |
ALG | ![]() |
Comité Olympique Algérien[5] | AGR (1964) AGL (1968S) |
AND | ![]() |
Comitè Olímpic Andorrà[6] | |
ANG | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Angolano[7] | |
ANT | ![]() |
Antigua and Barbuda Olympic Association[8] | |
ARG | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Argentino[9] | |
ARM | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Armenia[10] | |
ARU | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Arubano[11] | |
ASA | ![]() |
American Samoa National Olympic Committee[12] | |
AUS | ![]() |
Australian Olympic Committee[13] | ANZ (1908, 1912) |
AUT | ![]() |
Österreichisches Olympisches Comité[14] | |
AZE | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of the Azerbaijani Republic[15] |
B
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
BAH | ![]() |
Bahamas Olympic Association[16] | |
BGD | ![]() |
Bangladesh Olympic Association[17] | |
BAR | ![]() |
Barbados Olympic Association[18] | BAD (1964) |
BDI | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique du Burundi[19] | |
BEL | ![]() |
Comité Olympique et Interfédéral Belge[20] | |
BEN | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif Béninois[21] | DAY (1964) DAH (1968–1976) |
BER | ![]() |
Bermuda Olympic Association[22] | |
BHU | ![]() |
Bhutan Olympic Committee[23] | |
BIH | ![]() |
Olympic Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina[24] | BSH (1992S) |
BIZ | ![]() |
Belize Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association[25] | HBR (1968–1972) |
BLR | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Belarus[26] | |
BOL | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Boliviano[27] | |
BOT | ![]() |
Botswana National Olympic Committee[28] | |
BRA | ![]() |
Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro[29] | |
BRN | ![]() |
Bahrain Olympic Committee | |
BRU | ![]() |
Brunei Darussalam National Olympic Council[30] | |
BGR | ![]() |
Bulgaria Olympic Committee[31] | |
BUR | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et des Sports Burkinabè[32] | VOL (1972–1984) |
C
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
CAF | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif Centrafricain[33] | AFC (1968) |
CAM | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Cambodia[34] | CAB (1964) KHM (1972–1976) |
CAN | ![]() |
Canadian Olympic Committee[35] | |
CAY | ![]() |
Cayman Islands Olympic Committee[36] | |
CGO | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif Congolais[37] | |
CHA | ![]() |
Comité Olympique et Sportif Tchadien[38] | CHD (1964) TCH |
CHI | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico de Chile[39] | CIL (1956W, 1960S) |
CHN | ![]() |
Chinese Olympic Committee[40] | |
CIV | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique de Côte d'Ivoire[41] | IVC (1964) CML (1968) |
CMR | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Cameroun[42] | |
COD | ![]() |
Comité Olympique Congolais[43] | COK (1968) ZAI (1972–1996) |
COK | ![]() |
Cook Islands Sports and National Olympic Committee[44] | |
COL | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Colombiano[45] | |
COM | ![]() |
Comité Olympique et Sportif des Iles Comores[46] | |
CPV | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Caboverdeano[47] | |
CRC | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Nacional de Costa Rica[48] | COS (1964) CTC (1984W) |
CRO | ![]() |
Croatian Olympic Committee[49] | |
CUB | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Cubano[50] | |
CYP | ![]() |
Cyprus National Olympic Committee[51] | |
CZE | ![]() |
Czech Olympic Committee[52] |
D
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
DEN | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark[53] | DAN (1960S, 1968W) DIN (1968S) |
DJI | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif Djiboutien[54] | |
DMA | ![]() |
Dominica Olympic Committee[55] | |
DOM | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Dominicano[56] |
E
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
ECU | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Ecuatoriano[57] | |
EGY | ![]() |
Egyptian Olympic Committee[58] | RAU (1960, 1968) UAR (1964) |
ERI | ![]() |
Eritrean National Olympic Committee[59] | |
ESA | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico de El Salvador[60] | SAL (1964–1976) |
ESP | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Español[61] | SPA (1956–1964, 1968W) |
EST | ![]() |
Estonian Olympic Committee (Eesti Olümpiakomitee)[62] | |
ETH | ![]() |
Ethiopian Olympic Committee[63] | ETI (1960, 1968) |
F
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
FIJ | ![]() |
Fiji Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee[64] | FIG (1960) |
FIN | ![]() |
Finnish Olympic Committee[65] | |
FRA | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif Français[66] | |
FSM | ![]() |
Federated States of Micronesia National Olympic Committee[67] |
G
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
GAB | ![]() |
Comité Olympique Gabonais[68] | |
GAM | ![]() |
Gambia National Olympic Committee[69] | |
GBR | ![]() |
British Olympic Association[70] | GRB (1956W–1960) GBI (1964) |
GBS | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico da Guiné-Bissau[71] | |
GEO | ![]() |
Georgian National Olympic Committee[72] | |
GEQ | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique Equato-Guinéen[73] | |
GER | ![]() |
Deutscher Olympischer SportBund[74] | ALL (1968W) ALE (1968S) FRG (1980–1988) |
GHA | ![]() |
Ghana Olympic Committee[75] | |
GRE | ![]() |
Comité Olympique Hellénique[76] | |
GRN | ![]() |
Grenada Olympic Committee[77] | |
GUA | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Guatemalteco[78] | GUT (1964) |
GUI | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif Guinéen[79] | |
GUM | ![]() |
Guam National Olympic Committee[80] | |
GUY | ![]() |
Guyana Olympic Association[81] | GUA (1960) GUI (1964) |
H
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
HAI | ![]() |
Comité Olympique Haïtien[82] | |
HKG | ![]() |
Sports Federation and Olympic Committee of Hong Kong, China[83] | HOK (1960–1968) |
HON | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Hondureño[84] | |
HUN | ![]() |
Hungarian Olympic Committee[85] | UNG (1956W, 1960S) |
I
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
INA | ![]() |
Komite Olimpiade Indonesia[86] | INS (1960) |
IND | ![]() |
Indian Olympic Association[87] | |
IRI | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of the Islamic Republic of Iran[88] | IRN (1956–1988) IRA (1968W) |
IRL | ![]() |
Olympic Council of Ireland[89] | |
IRQ | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Iraq[90] | IRK (1960, 1968) |
ISL | ![]() |
National Olympic and Sports Association of Iceland[91] | ICE (1960W, 1964S) |
ISR | ![]() |
Olympic Committee of Israel[92] | |
ISV | ![]() |
Virgin Islands Olympic Committee[93] | |
ITA | ![]() |
Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano[94] | |
IVB | ![]() |
British Virgin Islands Olympic Committee[95] |
J
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
JAM | ![]() |
Jamaica Olympic Association[96] | |
JOR | ![]() |
Jordan Olympic Committee[97] | |
JPN | ![]() |
Japanese Olympic Committee[98] | GIA (1956W, 1960S) JAP (1960W) |
K
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
KAZ | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan[99] | |
KEN | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee Kenya[100] | |
KGZ | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan[101] | |
KIR | ![]() |
Kiribati National Olympic Committee[102] | |
KOR | ![]() |
Korean Olympic Committee[103] | COR (1956W, 1960S, 1968S, 1972S) |
KSA | ![]() |
Saudi Arabian Olympic Committee[104] | ARS (1968–1976) SAU (1980–1984) |
KUW | ![]() |
Kuwait Olympic Committee[105] |
L
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
LAO | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Lao[106] | |
LAT | ![]() |
Latvian Olympic Committee[107] | |
LBA | ![]() |
Libyan Olympic Committee[108] | LYA (1964) LBY (1968W) |
LBR | ![]() |
Liberia National Olympic Committee[109] | |
LCA | ![]() |
St Lucia Olympic Committee[110] | |
LES | ![]() |
Lesotho National Olympic Committee[111] | |
LBN | ![]() |
Lebanese Olympic Committee[112] | LEB (1960W, 1964S), LIB (until Oct 2017) |
LIE | ![]() |
Liechtensteinischer Olympischer Sportverband[113] | LIC (1956W, 1964S, 1968W) |
LTU | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Lithuania[114] | LIT (1992W) |
LUX | ![]() |
Comité Olympique et Sportif Luxembourgeois[115] |
M
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
MAD | ![]() |
Comité Olympique Malgache[116] | MAG (1964) |
MAR | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique Marocain[117] | MRC (1964) |
MAS | ![]() |
Olympic Council of Malaysia[118] | MAL (1964–1988) |
MAW | ![]() |
Malawi Olympic Committee[119] | |
MDA | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique de la République de Moldova[120] | MLD (1994) |
MDV | ![]() |
Maldives Olympic Committee[121] | |
MEX | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Mexicano[122] | |
MNG | ![]() |
Mongolian National Olympic Committee[123] | MON (1968W) |
MHL | ![]() |
Marshall Islands National Olympic Committee[124] | |
MKD | ![]() |
Olympic Committee of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia[125] | |
MLI | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Mali[126] | |
MLT | ![]() |
Maltese Olympic Committee[127] | MAT (1960–1964) |
MNE | ![]() |
Montenegrin Olympic Committee[128] | |
MON | ![]() |
Comité Olympique Monégasque[129] | |
MOZ | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Nacional de Moçambique[130] | |
MRI | ![]() |
Mauritius Olympic Committee[131] | |
MTN | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif Mauritanien[132] | |
MYA | ![]() |
Myanmar Olympic Committee[133] | BIR (1960, 1968–1988) BUR (1964) |
N
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
NAM | ![]() |
Namibia National Olympic Committee[134] | |
NCA | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Nicaragüense [135] | NCG (1964) NIC (1968) |
NED | ![]() |
Nederlands Olympisch Comité/Nederlandse Sport Federatie[136] | OLA (1956W) NET (1960W) PBA (1960S) NLD (1964S) HOL (1968–1988) |
NEP | ![]() |
Nepal Olympic Committee[137] | |
NGR | ![]() |
Nigeria Olympic Committee[138] | NGA (1964) |
NIG | ![]() |
Comité Olympique et Sportif National du Niger[139] | NGR (1964) |
NOR | ![]() |
Norges idrettsforbund og olympiske og paralympiske komité (Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports)[140] | |
NRU | ![]() |
Nauru Olympic Committee[141] | |
NZL | ![]() |
New Zealand Olympic Committee[142] | ANZ (1908, 1912) NZE (1960, 1968W) |
O
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
OMA | ![]() |
Oman Olympic Committee[143] |
P
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
PAK | ![]() |
Pakistan Olympic Association[144] | |
PAN | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico de Panamá[145] | |
PAR | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Paraguayo[146] | |
PER | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Peruano[147] | |
PHI | ![]() |
Philippines Olympic Committee[148] | FIL (1960, 1968) |
PLE | ![]() |
Palestine Olympic Committee[149] | |
PLW | ![]() |
Palau National Olympic Committee[150] | |
PNG | ![]() |
Papua New Guinea Sports Federation and Olympic Committee[151] | NGY (1976–1980) NGU (1984–1988) |
POL | ![]() |
Polish Olympic Committee[152] | |
POR | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico de Portugal[153] | |
PRK | ![]() |
Olympic Committee of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea[154] | NKO (1964S, 1968W) CDN (1968) |
PUR | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico de Puerto Rico[155] | PRI (1960) PRO (1968) |
Q
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
QAT | ![]() |
Qatar Olympic Committee[156] |
R
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
ROU | ![]() |
Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee[157] | ROM (1956–1960, 1972–2006) RUM (1964–1968) |
RSA | ![]() |
South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee[158] | SAF (1960–1972) |
ROC | ![]() |
Russia Olympic Committee[159] | |
RWA | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Rwanda[160] |
S
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
SAM | ![]() |
Samoa Association of Sport and National Olympic Committee[161] | |
SEN | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique et Sportif Sénégalais[162] | SGL (1964) |
SEY | ![]() |
Seychelles Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association[163] | |
SGP | ![]() |
Singapore National Olympic Council[164] | SIN (1959-2016) |
SKN | ![]() |
St. Kitts and Nevis Olympic Committee[165] | |
SLE | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Sierra Leone[166] | SLA (1968) |
SLO | ![]() |
Olympic Committee of Slovenia Association of Sports Federations[167] | |
SMR | ![]() |
Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Sammarinese[168] | SMA (1960–1964) |
SOL | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Solomon Islands[169] | |
SOM | ![]() |
Somali Olympic Committee[170] | |
SRB | ![]() |
Olympic Committee of Serbia[171] | |
SRI | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Sri Lanka[172] | CEY (1960–1972) |
STP | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico de São Tomé e Príncipe[173] | |
SUD | ![]() |
Sudan Olympic Cmmittee[174] | |
SUI | ![]() |
Swiss Olympic Association[175] | SVI (1956W, 1960S) SWI (1960W, 1964S) |
SUR | ![]() |
Surinaams Olympisch Comité Surinaams[176] | |
SVK | ![]() |
Slovak Olympic Committee[177] | |
SWE | ![]() |
Swedish Olympic Committee[178] | SVE (1956W, 1960S) SUE (1968S) |
SWZ | ![]() |
Swaziland Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association[179] | |
SYR | ![]() |
Syrian Olympic Committee[180] | RAU (1960) SIR (1968) |
T
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
TAN | ![]() |
Tanzania Olympic Committee Tanzania Olympic Committee [181] | |
TGA | ![]() |
Tonga Sports Association and National Olympic Committee[182] | TON (1984) |
THA | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Thailand [183] | TAI (1960, 1968) |
TJK | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Tajikistan[184] | |
TKM | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Turkmenistan[185] | |
TLS | ![]() |
Comitê Olímpico Nacional de Timor-Leste[186] | |
TOG | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique Togolais[187] | |
TPE | ![]() |
Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee[189] | RCF (1960) TWN (1964–1968) ROC (1972–1976) |
TTO | ![]() |
Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee[190] | TRT (1964–1968) |
TUN | ![]() |
Comité National Olympique Tunisien[191] | |
TUR | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Turkey[192] | |
TUV | ![]() |
Tuvalu Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee[193] |
U
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
UAE | ![]() |
United Arab Emirates National Olympic Committee[194] | |
UGA | ![]() |
Uganda Olympic Committee[195] | |
UKR | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Ukraine [196] | |
URU | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Uruguayo[197] | URG (1968) |
USA | ![]() |
United States Olympic Committee [198] | SUA (1960S) EUA (1968S) |
UZB | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan[199] |
V
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
VAN | ![]() |
Vanuatu Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee[200] | |
VEN | ![]() |
Comité Olímpico Venezolano Comité[201] | |
VIE | ![]() |
Vietnam Olympic Committee[202] | VET (1964) VNM (1968–1976) |
VIN | ![]() |
St Vincent and the Grenadines National Olympic Committee[203] |
Y
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
YEM | ![]() |
Yemen Olympic Committee[204] |
Z
[change | change source]Code | Country | National Organizing Committee (NOC) | Other codes used |
---|---|---|---|
ZAM | ![]() |
National Olympic Committee of Zambi[205] | NRH (1964) |
ZIM | ![]() |
Zimbabwe Olympic Committee[206] | RHO (1960–1972) |
Historic NOCs and teams
[change | change source]Some of the National Olympic Committees no longer exist, such as Czechoslovakia, the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, the USSR, the United Arab Republic, and the West Indies Federation.[207]
Codes still in use
[change | change source]Twelve historical NOCs or teams have codes that are still used in the IOC results database[208] to refer to past medal winners from these teams.
Code | Nation/Team | Other codes used |
---|---|---|
ANZ | ![]() |
|
BOH | ![]() |
|
BWI | ![]() |
ANT (1960, 1968), WID (1964) |
EUA | Unified Team of Germany | GER (1956–1964) |
EUN | Unified Team | |
FRG | ![]() |
ALL (1968W), ALE (1968S), GER (1972–1976) |
GDR | ![]() |
ADE (1968) |
SCG | ![]() |
YUG (1996S–2002W) |
TCH | ![]() |
CSL (1956W), CZE (1960W), CSV (1960S), CZS (1964S), CHE (1968S) |
URS | ![]() |
SOV (1968W) |
YUG | ![]() |
JUG (1956–1960, 1968W), YUS (1964S) |
ZZX | Mixed teams |
Obsolete codes
[change | change source]Code | Nation (NOC) | Years | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
BIR | ![]() |
1948–1988 | Now Myanmar (MYA) | |
CEY | ![]() |
1948–1972 | Now Sri Lanka (SRI) | |
DAH | ![]() |
1964–1976 | Now Benin (BEN) | |
HBR | ![]() |
1968–1972 | Now Belize (BIZ) | |
KHM | ![]() |
1972–1976 | Now Cambodia (CAM) | |
MAL | ![]() |
1956–1960 | Competed independently prior to the formation of Malaysia in 1963. Now Malaysia (MAS) | |
NBO | ![]() |
1956 | ||
NRH | ![]() |
1964 | Now Zambia (ZAM) | |
RAU | ![]() |
1960 | Now Egypt (EGY) and Syria (SYR) | |
RHO | ![]() |
1960–1972 | Now Zimbabwe (ZIM) | |
ROC | ![]() |
1932–1976 | Now Chinese Taipei (TPE) | |
UAR | ![]() |
1964 | Now Egypt (EGY) | |
VOL | ![]() |
1972–1984 | Now Burkina Faso (BUR) | |
YAR | ![]() |
1984–1988 | Competed independently prior to 1990. Now Yemen (YEM) | |
YMD | ![]() |
1988 | ||
ZAI | ![]() |
1972–1996 | Now DR Congo (COD) | |
GUI | ![]() |
1948–1964 | Now Guyana (GUY) | |
— | ![]() |
1952 | Now Ghana (GHA) | |
SAA | ![]() |
1952 | Competed independently prior to rejoining West Germany in 1957. |
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]- ↑ Mallon, Bill and Ove Karlsson. "IOC and OCOG Abbreviations for NOCs," Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine Journal of Olympic History (US), Vol. 12, No. 2, May 2004, pp. 25-28; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Mallon, p. 26.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Afghanistan; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Albania; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Algria; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Andorra; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Angola; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Antigua and Barbuda; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Argentina; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Armenia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Aruba; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, American Samoa; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Australia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Austria; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Azerbaijan; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Bahamas; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Bangladesh; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Barbados; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Burundi; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Belgium; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Benin; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Bermuda; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Bhutan; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Bosnia and Herzegovina; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Belize; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Belarus; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Bolivia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Botswana; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Brazil; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Brunei Darussalam; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Bulgaria; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Burkina Faso; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Central African Republic; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Cambodia; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Canada; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Cayman Islands; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Republic of Congo; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Chad; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Chile; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, People's Republic of China; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Côte d'Ivoire; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Cameroon; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Congo; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Cook Islands; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Colombia; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Comoros; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Cape Verde; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Costa Rica; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Croatia; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Cuba; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Cyprus; retrieved 2012-8-13.
- ↑ Olympic.com, Czechia; retrieved 2024-4-24.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Denmark; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Djibouti; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Dominica; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Dominican Republic; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Ecuador; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Egypt; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Eritrea; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, El Salvador; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Spain; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Estonia; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Ethiopia; retrieved 2012-8-11.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Fiji; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Finland; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, France; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Micronesia; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Gabon; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Gambia; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Great Britain; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Guinea-Bissau; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Georgia; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Equatorial Guinea; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Germany; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Ghana; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Greece; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Grenada; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Guatemala; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Guinea; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Guam; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Guyana; retrieved 2012-8-9.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Haiti; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Hong Kong; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Honduras; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Hungary; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Indonesia; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, India; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Iran; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Ireland; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Iraq; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Iceland; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Israel; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, United States Virgin Islands; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Italy; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, British Virgin Islands; retrieved 2012-8-8.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Jamaica; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Jordan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Japan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Kazakhstan; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Kenya; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Kyrgyzstan; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Kiribati; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, South Korea; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Saudi Arabia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Kuwait; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Laos; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Latvia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Libya; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Liberia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Saint Lucia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Lesotho; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Lebanon; retrieved 2017-12-12.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Liechtenstein; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Lithuania; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Luxembourg; retrieved 2012-8-15.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Madagascar; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Morocco; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Malaysia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Malawi; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Moldova; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Maldives; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Mexico; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Mongolia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Marshall Islands; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Macedonia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Mali; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Malta; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Montenegro; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Monaco; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Mozambique; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Mauritius; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Mauritania; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Myanmar; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Namibia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Nicaragua; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Netherlands; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Nepal; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Nigeria; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Niger; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Norway; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Nauru; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, New Zealand; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Oman; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Pakistan; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Panama; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Paraguay; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Peru; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Philippines; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Palestine; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Palau; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Papua New Guinea; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Poland; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Portugal; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, North Korea; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Puerto Rico; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Qatar; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Romania; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, South Africa; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Russia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Rwanda; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Samoa; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Senegal; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Seychelles; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Singapore; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Saint Kitts and Nevis; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Sierra Leone; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Slovenia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, San Marino; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Solomon Islands; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Somalia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Serbia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Sri Lanka; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, São Tomé and Príncipe; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Sudan; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Switzerland; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Suriname; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Slovakia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Sweden; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Swaziland; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Syria; retrieved 2012-8-5.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Tanzania; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Tonga; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Thailand; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Tadjikistan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Turkmenistan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Timor-Leste; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Togo; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ In Olympic context, Chinese Taipei is the official name given to the team from the Republic of China.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Chinese Taipei[permanent dead link]; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Trinidad and Tobago; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Tunisia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Turkey; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Tuvalu; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, United Arab Emirates; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Uganda; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Ukraine; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Uruguay; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, United States; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Uzbekistan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Vanuatu; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Venezuela; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Vietnam; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Yemen; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Zambia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Zimbabwe; retrieved 2012-8-2.
- ↑ Mallon, p. 28.
- ↑ Olympic.org, Olympic Medalists; retrieved 2012-8-2.