อินันนา
อินันนา/อิชทาร์ | |
---|---|
| |
![]() เทพีอิชทาร์ (ขวา) บนตราประทับของจักรวรรดิแอกแคด 2350–2150 ปีก่อนคริสตกาล | |
ที่ประทับ | สวรรค์ |
ดาวพระเคราะห์ | ดาวศุกร์ |
สัญลักษณ์ | ปมของกกรูปตะขอ, ดาวแปดแฉก, สิงโต, ลายดอกกุหลาบ, นกพิราบ |
ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล | |
คู่ครอง | ดูมูซิดกับพระโอรสธิดาที่ไม่ทราบพระนาม, บาอัล |
บุตร - ธิดา | ส่วนใหญ่ไม่มี แต่บางครั้งคือลูลัล และ/หรือ ชารา |
บิดา-มารดา | |
พี่น้อง |
|
เทพที่เทียบเท่าในความเชื่ออื่น | |
เทียบเท่าในกรีก | แอโฟรไดที, อะธีนา[3][4][5] |
เทียบเท่าในโรมัน | วีนัส, มิเนอร์วา[3][4][5] |
เทียบเท่าในคานาอัน | อัสตาร์ตี |
เทียบเท่าในBabylonian | Ishtar |
อินันนา (อังกฤษ: Inanna) เป็นเทพเจ้าสตรีในศาสนาเมโสโปเตเมียโบราณ มีความเกี่ยวข้องกับความรัก ความงาม เพศ สงคราม ความยุติธรรม และอำนาจทางการเมือง แรกเริ่มมีบูชาในซุเมอร์ และต่อมาชาวอักเคเดีย บาบิโลนและอัสซีเรียรับไปบูชาในพระนาม "อิชทาร์"
อินันนาเป็นเทพีอุปถัมภ์ของวิหารเออันนาในนครอูรุก ซึ่งเป็นศูนย์กลางลัทธิบูชาในยุคแรกของอินันนา ในอูรุกโบราณมีการบูชาอินันนาในสามรูป อินันนายามเช้า (Inana-UD/hud), อินันนายามเย็น (Inanna sig) และอินันนาผู้สูงศักดิ์ (Inanna NUN) สองรูปหลังนี้มีความเกี่ยวข้องกับดาวศุกร์[6][7] สัญลักษณ์ที่สำคัญที่สุดที่ใช้แทนอินันนารวมถึงสิงโตและดวงดาวแปดแฉก สามีของอินันนาคือเทพดูมูซิด (หรือต่อมารู้จักในชื่อ ตัมมุซ; Tammuz)
พบอินันนาปรากฏในปรัมปราต่าง ๆ มากกว่าเทพเจ้าองค์ใด ๆ ในคติซูเมอร์[8][9][10] รวมถึงยังมีนามไวพจน์ต่าง ๆ มากมายเป็นพิเศษ เทียบเคียงได้กับเทพเนร์กัล[11]
อ้างอิง
[แก้]- ↑ Black & Green 1992, p. 108.
- ↑ Leick 1998, p. 88.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Penglase 1994, p. 235.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Deacy 2008, pp. 20–21, 41.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Penglase 1994, pp. 233–325.
- ↑ Steinkeller, Piotr, "Archaic City Seals and the Question of Early Babylonian Unity" in Riches Hidden in Secret Places: Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Memory of Thorkild Jacobsen, edited by Tzvi Abusch, University Park, USA: Penn State University Press, pp. 249–258, 2002
- ↑ Szarzyńska, Krystyna, "Offerings for the Goddess Inana in Archaic Uruk", Revue d’Assyriologie et d’archéologie Orientale, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 7–28, 1993
- ↑ Wolkstein & Kramer (1983), p. xv.
- ↑ Penglase (1994), pp. 42–43.
- ↑ Kramer (1961), p. 101.
- ↑ Wiggermann (1999), p. 216.
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