Nawu
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Nawu i mafambisele ya milawu leyi vekiweke naswona yi landzelerisiwa hi kutirhisa mindzawulo ya ximunhu kumbe Hulumendhe leswaku ku lawuli mahanyele.[2] Nawu tani hi xiyimiso, wu pfuna ku lawula no tiyisisa leswaku va aka tiko va komba ku xiximana, naswona ku kondloteriwa kuringana eka vanhu hinkwavo. Milawu leyi landzelerisiwaka hi Mfumo yi nga vekiwa hi huvo leyi hlanganeke, kumbe muveki nawu ku ya hi xitiviso xa mfumo. Mavekele ya milawu manga hlohloteriwa hi Vumbiwa, leri tsariweke ku hlanganisa na ti mfanelo leti nga endzeni ka Vumbiwa. Nawu wu vumba swa Tipolitiki, ku xaviselana, Matimu na nhlangano wa vanhu hi tindela to hambana na swona wu thelal wutirha tani hi mulamuleri exikarhi ka vuxaka bya vanhu.
Kuna ku hambana exikarhi ka (a) Milawu ya Ximfumo, leyi landzeleriwaka hi tindzawulo to karhi ta ximfumo, naswona (b) Nawu wa Xintu, lowu landzelelaka ku avanyisa ka huvo. Kuya hi matimu, Milawu ya vukhongeri a yilandzelerisiwa ngopfu ku tlula milawu yin'wana, ngopfu ngopfu eka vukhongeri bya Xiyuda na Xisurumani. Nawu wa Xisurumani wa Xariya, wutirhisiwa ngopfu e misaveni naswona wutekiwa tani hi nawu wa tiko ematikweni yo fana na Irani na Arabhiya ya le Dzongeni.[3]
Nawu wu thlela wu pfuxa mintlimbo leyi rharhanganeke loko swita eka ti mhaka ta Kuringana, Vunene, na Vululami. Kuna xivulavuri lexi nge 'Vanhu hinkwavo va ringana emahlweni ka Nawu', hambi leswi Jonathan Swift a anguleke leswaku 'Milawu yixana na mapume, lama phasaka switsotswana, kambe ma pfumela timimpfi ti hundza.' Hi lembe ra 1894, matsalana Anatole France u tsarile hiku monya leswaku, "Enhlohlorhini ya vuringani bya wona, nawu wu sivela vafumi na swisiwana hi ku ringana leswaku vanga tshuki va etlela e handle, va kombela e mapatwini, na ku yiva xinkwa."[4] loko a tsala hi malembe ya 350 BC, N'wa filosofi wa mugriki Aristoka u hlamusele leswaku, "Mfumo wa nawu wu antswa ngopfu kutlula nawu wa munhu un'we."[5] Mikhail Bakunin uteri: "Milawu hinkwayo leyi simekiweke, i ya ku tikirheta na ku tlakusela eka xiyimiso, kutshikeleriwa ka vatirhi hi ntlawa lowu fumaka".[6] kasi Cicero yena ute "Ku tala ka milawu, iku tsongahala ka vululami".[7] Tidyondzo ta VuMaksi ti hlamusela leswaku Nawu wu ngehe laveki loko Mfumo wu herisiwile.[8] Kunga khatariseki mavonele ya vanhu, Nawu hi wona xihlovo ya mindzawulo hinkwayo ya ximfumo.
Mintshaho
[Lulamisa | edit source]- ↑ Luban, Law's Blindfold, 23.
- ↑ Robertson, Crimes against humanity, 90.
- ↑ "What is sharia law?". brightknowledge.org.
- ↑ (France, The Red Lily, Chapter VII).
- ↑ Aristotle.
- ↑ Stewart and Burgess.
- ↑ Cicero, De Officiis, I, 10, 33.
- ↑ "Withering away of the state".