Diego Venegas
Universidad de Concepción, Ingeneria, Department Member
Resumen El gas licuado de petróleo (GLP) es un combustible que se utiliza en múltiples aplicaciones residenciales, comerciales e industriales. Al ser un combustible, su manejo requiere cuidados mínimos de seguridad. Un fenómeno asociado... more
Resumen El gas licuado de petróleo (GLP) es un combustible que se utiliza en múltiples aplicaciones residenciales, comerciales e industriales. Al ser un combustible, su manejo requiere cuidados mínimos de seguridad. Un fenómeno asociado al almacenamiento de un combustible en un recipiente a presión es la BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion), que significa una explosión de vapores que se expanden al hervir un líquido. Esta BLEVE puede darse como una combinación de varios factores (descuido, falta de medidas de seguridad, falta de mantenimiento, falta de prevención, eventos fortuitos e impericia) que se pueden juntar en una instalación de gas licuado de petróleo y que puede ser causa de una catástrofe. Las Normas Nacionales e Internacionales sobre el manejo del GLP dan los lineamientos mínimos que se deben tener en cuenta al momento de planificar, diseñar y realizar una instalación de gas, y sobre todo dan los lineamientos que se deben establecer en la parte de seguridad. El presente trabajo muestra breves procedimientos de seguridad que se pueden aplicar en las instalaciones de GLP con el objetivo de minimizar la aparición de una BLEVE en una instalación de GLP. Palabras claves: BLEVE, gas licuado de petróleo, seguridad, instalación.
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Microplastics pollution is a growing global concern that affects all aquatic ecosystems. Microplastics in the environment can be in the form of fibers and/or particles, being the former the most abundant in the marine environment,... more
Microplastics pollution is a growing global concern that affects all aquatic ecosystems. Microplastics in the environment can be in the form of fibers and/or particles, being the former the most abundant in the marine environment, representing up to 95% of total plastics. The aim of this work was to compare the content of microplastics among intertidal fish with different feeding type. Our results show that omnivorous fish presented a higher amount of microplastic fibers than registered in herbivores and carnivores. Moreover, lower condition factors (K) were found in omnivorous specimens with higher microplastic content. We hypothesized that the type of feeding resulted in different microplastic ingestion, with species with wider range of food sources as omnivores with higher rates. Futures studies carried out to evaluate the biological impacts of microplastics on marine organisms, and microplastics cycling on the marine environment should consider the type of feeding of the studied...
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In Peru, a country with constrained health resources, breast cancer control is characterized by late stage treatment and poor survival. To support breast cancer control in Peru, this study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of... more
In Peru, a country with constrained health resources, breast cancer control is characterized by late stage treatment and poor survival. To support breast cancer control in Peru, this study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of different breast cancer control interventions relevant for the Peruvian context. We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) according to WHO-CHOICE guidelines, from a healthcare perspective. Different screening, early detection, palliative, and treatment interventions were evaluated using mathematical modeling. Effectiveness estimates were based on observational studies, modeling, and on information from Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN). Resource utilizations and unit costs were based on estimates from INEN and observational studies. Cost-effectiveness estimates are in 2012 United States dollars (US$) per disability adjusted life year (DALY) averted. The current breast cancer program in Peru ($8,426 per DALY averted) could be improved through implementing triennial or biennial screening strategies. These strategies seem the most cost-effective in Peru, particularly when mobile mammography is applied (from $4,125 per DALY averted), or when both CBE screening and mammography screening are combined (from $4,239 per DALY averted). Triennially, these interventions costs between $63 million and $72 million per year. Late stage treatment, trastuzumab therapy and annual screening strategies are the least cost-effective. Our analysis suggests that breast cancer control in Peru should be oriented towards early detection through combining fixed and mobile mammography screening (age 45-69) triennially. However, a phased introduction of triennial CBE screening (age 40-69) with upfront FNA in non-urban settings, and both CBE (age 40-49) and fixed mammography screening (age 50-69) in urban settings, seems a more feasible option and is also cost-effective. The implementation of this intervention is only meaningful if awareness raising, diagnostic, referral, treatment and basic palliative services are simultaneously improved, and if financial and organizational barriers to these services are reduced.