There is a “Nordic model” of journalism education. This is partly due to great similarities in th... more There is a “Nordic model” of journalism education. This is partly due to great similarities in the Nordic countries and their history, which has led to similar political and media systems, systems ...
While there is considerable disagreement on to what degree people's voting patterns and poll resu... more While there is considerable disagreement on to what degree people's voting patterns and poll results can be read as accurately reflecting their attitudes on the immigration issue, a careful reading and reanalysis of available data suggest some developments and difference in the case of the Scandinavian countries. First, the emergence and stabilization of immigrant-critical political parties appear to express the emergence not only of a group of politicians but also a broader public that considered immigration as a critical and troubling issue for the well-being of their society. This appears already in the seventies in Denmark, but first decades later in Sweden, which matches trends in the public policies on immigration and the media coverage. In contrast, longer trends in polls suggest increasingly favourable attitudes to immigrants in all countries. At the one hand, there is less emphasis on race as a criterion for exclusion and attitudes appear less threat-focused. On the other hand, increasing importance has being placed on immigrants sharing our ways of life, and have valuable work skills and educational qualifications for integration into the welfare system. Danes appear to have the strongest nativist and economic opposition and to discern most strongly between categories of immigrants for who should be admitted. Swedes are the opposite, but such national differences appear to be decreasing. Looking at class differences in the latter decades using ESS data in 2002 and 2014, classes in the tree countries are divided over somewhat different parts of the immigration issue. In Denmark, classes collide over the question of the number of immigrants to receive, in Sweden, where this issue has been more or less outside the accepted limits for the debate, the classes clash over the cultural benefits of immigration.
The analysis of the Scandinavian immigration discourse from 1970 to 2016 in the newspapers reveal... more The analysis of the Scandinavian immigration discourse from 1970 to 2016 in the newspapers reveals that the arrival of new groups of immigrants led to a widespread and broad debate in the Scandinavian press. Some shared patterns are the increasing salience of the issue in the whole period, seen in the significantly increased volume of coverage and a shift of coverage from news to debate genres, politicization through the increase of national political voices, and coverage of government and party politics, a decreasing focus on immigrants’ rights and increasing focus on the cultural and welfare integration of immigrants from the nineties. In Danish newspapers there is an earlier and stronger shift towards discussing problematic sides of the immigration issue, both financial and cultural. Swedish newspapers are clearly less concerned with such matters, emphasising humanitarian perspectives, with Norway as somewhat a middle case. The debate in Scandinavia also appears to be more humanitarian and less threat-focused than in other European countries.
How do young adults experience public speaking, and how does their experience depend on their soc... more How do young adults experience public speaking, and how does their experience depend on their social background? Using a national speech competition in Norwegian secondary school as a natural experiment for studying the relationship between class background and the use of language, a follow-up survey (43 classes, N=940) identifies their experiences of participating in the course as varying much. Working-class children found the writing and delivery of a public speech often much more difficult, boring and stressful, and less often reported a family culture favourable to the cultivation of public speaking. They also tended to choose private, non-controversial themes rather than political themes. Girls enjoyed the writing process more than the oral delivery, while it was the reverse for boys.
High and low in Parliament and ministries. Cultural use and cultural orientation in the Norwegian... more High and low in Parliament and ministries. Cultural use and cultural orientation in the Norwegian political-administrative elites In this article, we use data from a web survey in 2010 of members of the Norwegian Parliament, along with administrative and political leaders in the ministries, to map the differences in their use of cultural institutions and their preferences for various types of culture. We discuss how these are linked to differences in social background, political affiliation and elite fraction, as well as their views on aesthetics and cultural policy. Both analyses identify a main division in regard to popular/mainstream culture and the age of these art forms and artists. The differences correspond to well-known social and political cleavages in the use of culture, and the respondents’ views on the value of moral and political elements in culture, cultural populism and the role of the market in cultural policy.
Substantial evidence shows that the Cold War deeply affected the journalistic reporting and frami... more Substantial evidence shows that the Cold War deeply affected the journalistic reporting and framing of both domestic and foreign events and was integral to the formation of Cold War culture. But its effect also extended to the way in which foreign news was produced and who produced it. This essay combines a historical analysis of the establishment and organization of the foreign news system in Norway after the war with a statistical analysis of the changing characteristics of its corps of foreign journalists constructed from available biographical records. It demonstrates how the Cold War very directly influenced the build-up (and later build-down) of the Norwegian system of foreign journalism, including where correspondents were posted, the size of foreign news departments, and the background and status of foreign journalists.
This study investigates the statistical patterns of videogame preference orientations based on a ... more This study investigates the statistical patterns of videogame preference orientations based on a broad survey of media- cultural- and lifestyle preferences among Norwegian college and university students. It discusses the findings in light of previous research on game preferences and game culture. Particular attention is given to established notions of "core" versus "casual" gaming, including the gender aspect. We used Multiple Correspondence Analysis to identify patterns of association and opposition within players' stated favourites. In our analysis, the most dominant dimension articulates an opposition between an inclusive and family-friendly orientation at one end of the spectrum, and an exclusive, high-tech and dark/mature preference orientation at the other. This primary dimensional axis correlates with a demographic divide between low-frequent and predominantly female players and high-frequent and predominantly male players. The second most dominant axis articulates an opposition between a niche and a mainstream preference orientation, which is not linked to gender distinctions. Through cluster analysis, we see that players' game preferences can be grouped into relatively distinct and coherent orientations. Drawing on the wealth of data in the original survey, we also see how player profiles can predict players' wider media- and cultural preference orientations. Among core gamers, the "E-sporters" and "Roleplayers" profiles reflect a fairly unambiguous association with autonomous game culture. In contrast, a large cluster of dedicated action- and sport fans, which includes only 4% women, is located at the intersection of game culture and mainstream masculine entertainment culture.
This article measures and discusses populism in Scandinavian immigration debate from 1970 to 2016... more This article measures and discusses populism in Scandinavian immigration debate from 1970 to 2016. Using descriptive statistical analysis and logistical regression analysis, we analyze items related to immigration in six newspapers from the three countries over four constructed weeks for each of the 47 years under study, in total 4,329 coded newspaper articles. We find that populism spikes when immigration spikes due to international developments/crises. References to “the people,” anti-elitism, exclusionist rhetoric, but also alarmist rhetoric about a state of emergency, are the most frequently appearing attributes. Second, country, newspaper genre, and party type of quoted politicians are clearly correlated with populism. Populism is much more likely to be found in Denmark, opinion genres, paticularly letters to the editor, when populist radical-right parties are either speaking or spoken about in the press, and in articles with threat frames.
Immigration is a controversial political issue in many parts of the world, since migratory moveme... more Immigration is a controversial political issue in many parts of the world, since migratory movements are a global phenomenon and the number of displaced people is at the highest ever recorded in human history. Scandinavia has had the issue on the public agenda for decades. The SCANPUB research project at the University of Bergen (with Prof. Jostein Gripsrud as the principal investigator) starts from the general impression that the three Scandinavian countries – in spite of all of their similarities and close ties – have had strikingly different public discourses on the issue of immigration and have developed quite different political regimes in relevant policy areas (Brochman and Hagelund 2012).
This article mobilizes the capabilities approach to offer a new and empirically grounded critical... more This article mobilizes the capabilities approach to offer a new and empirically grounded critical perspective on how cultural policy should promote citizenship to audiences. The capabilities approach posits that public policies should be designed and measured in terms of what they actually enable subjects to do or be. Focusing on the case of Norway, we operationalize the capabilities approach in two steps. First, based on survey data, we highlight systematic relationships between social background, cultural consumption, and citizenship. Based on extensive interview data, the article thereafter offers insight into how people engage with culture and whether this engagement enables them to function as citizens. In contrast to common assessments of cultural policy, we argue that the merit of this approach is that it focuses attention on how different measures actually empower different groups of citizens and fail to empower others, thus providing a basis for more effective and just poli...
... ICA CONFERENCE, SAN FRANCISCO, 24-28 MAY 2007 Gunn Bjørnsen ([email protected]) Jan Fredrik Hov... more ... ICA CONFERENCE, SAN FRANCISCO, 24-28 MAY 2007 Gunn Bjørnsen ([email protected]) Jan Fredrik Hovden, Volda University College ([email protected]) Rune Ottosen, Oslo University College ([email protected]) Ida Schultz, Roskilde University ([email protected]) ...
Substantial evidence shows that the Cold War deeply affected the journalistic reporting and frami... more Substantial evidence shows that the Cold War deeply affected the journalistic reporting and framing of both domestic and foreign events and was integral to the formation of Cold War culture. But its effect also extended to the way in which foreign news was produced and who produced it. This essay combines a historical analysis of the establishment and organization of the foreign news system in Norway after the war with a statistical analysis of the changing characteristics of its corps of foreign journalists constructed from available biographical records. It demonstrates how the Cold War very directly influenced the build-up (and later build-down) of the Norwegian system of foreign journalism, including where correspondents were posted, the size of foreign news departments, and the background and status of foreign journalists.
Professor, Institutt for informasjons-og medievitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen [email protected]... more Professor, Institutt for informasjons-og medievitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen [email protected] Hallvard Moe Professor, Institutt for informasjons-og medievitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen [email protected] SAMMENDRAG Hva kan vi bruke kvantitative undersøkelsesmetoder for tv-bruk til, og hvordan kan vi for-stå avvik mellom dem? Vi argumenterer for at en sammenligning av svarene survey-og tv-meterdata gir oss-over tid og på tvers av genre-reiser en viktig diskusjon om metodiske utfordringer, men også setter oss i stand til å bedre forstå endringer i tv-bruken. ABSTRACT This article compares survey and meter data on television use in Norway in order better to understand challenges with each method, and to grasp the changes in television use. The analysis is based on the period 2000-14, and focuses on reach as well as specific genres (news, drama and sports). We argue that, rather than pointing to one method as producing better data, we should be aware of problems with each of the ...
PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE Tastekeepers Taste structures, power and aesthetic-political positions in t... more PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE Tastekeepers Taste structures, power and aesthetic-political positions in the elites of the Norwegian cultural field Jan Fredrik Hovden Jan Fredrik Hovden (f. 1969) er dr. polit. og førsteamenuensis ved Institutt for informasjonsog medievitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen. Hans spesialområde er sosiologiske eliteog kulturstudiar i tradisjonen etter Pierre Bourdieu. Han har tidlegare publisert arbeid om det norske og nordiske journalistiske feltet, studentars kulturbruk og draumars sosiale opphav, og arbeider no med studier av politiske og kulturelle elitar i Norge. E-post: [email protected]
Using data from a websurvey of journalism students in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finla... more Using data from a websurvey of journalism students in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland (N=2183) in 2008, this paper presents two correspondence analyses: one of differences among the students in regard to their journalistic ideals and aspirations, another in regard to their prioritizing of news items. In both cases, the major differences (the axes) is discussed in relation to a variety of factors, including: national differences, the students social background and �괂Ġtrajectory (e.g. class background, gender, age, work experience etc.), current place of study, their journalistic aspiration (preferred work place) etc. Not unexpected, the analysis suggest the differences are the result of a complex relationship between national traditions, the students habitus, their aspirations and previous work experience etc.
This article presents a global-comparative study of journalists reporting about art and culture, ... more This article presents a global-comparative study of journalists reporting about art and culture, that is, cultural journalists. In the literature, this particular group is said to be different from other types of journalists, because their professional work is guided more by an aesthetic logic than a news logic. Until now, however, this difference has mainly been studied in national contexts. Applying a global-comparative perspective by using data from The Worlds of Journalism Study, this article shows that cultural journalists around the globe do in fact differ systematically from other types of journalists in their social and professional characteristics, and also in terms of perceptions of influences on daily work and professional role perceptions. Even though media systemic contexts play a role, cultural journalists do have distinct characteristics worldwide. This is the first study to apply such a global-comparative perspective to the role perceptions of this particular group o...
The present article summarizes the findings of a survey among first-year journalism students in D... more The present article summarizes the findings of a survey among first-year journalism students in Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway. The survey covers a wide array of subjects including social recruitment, motivation for studying journalism, preferences regarding future journalistic working life, views on the role of journalism in society, attitudes toward the profession, journalistic ideals and ideas about what are the most important traits for journalists. The study reveals significant differences between journalism students in the Nordic countries. The analysis appears to support a ‘nation type’ interpretation of attitudes among journalists, linked to different national traditions, in explaining the differences found. Our results clearly indicate the importance of traditional sociological explanations of behavior for the understanding of journalistic preferences and ambitions. For example, the choice of preferred topics is strongly gendered and appears as the sexual division of l...
Journalism is one of the most popular study programmes in Norway. There are several pathways into... more Journalism is one of the most popular study programmes in Norway. There are several pathways into the Norwegian news industry for young people seeking a career in journalism, but it is increasingly common for aspiring journalists to start off with a journalism education. In this article the landscapeof Norwegian journalism education is presented, including a closer look at the content of the studies, the connection to the industry and the students of journalism themselves. The description of the students is based on a dataset from a series of questionnaires administered between 2000 and 2004 to three complete cohorts of Norwegian journalism students at Oslo University College and Volda University College, the largest and oldest J-schools in Norway. Norwegian journalism education can be described as working quite well as measured by both the students’ success in the job market and their expressed satisfaction with their studies. The fact that the application rate for several years ha...
The media coverage of immigration serves as an important test for modern democracies’ ability to ... more The media coverage of immigration serves as an important test for modern democracies’ ability to handle difficult public issues. Systematic and comparative studies over longer time periods are, however, still rare. This is deeply unfortunate as the nature of both immigration and the press systems vary considerably not only across nations but also over time. This article charts the immigration debate in seven Scandinavian newspapers from the birth of modern immigration in the early seventies to the present-day situation. While supporting claims about a general historical shift towards a more problematizing and cultural discourse in Scandinavia, the analysis also identifies major differences in how countries, publications, and genres have handled this complex issue, which brings out fundamental dilemmas for both modern welfare states and journalists. Using the method of multiple correspondence analysis and subsequent cluster analysis, the article also demonstrates how historical press...
There is a “Nordic model” of journalism education. This is partly due to great similarities in th... more There is a “Nordic model” of journalism education. This is partly due to great similarities in the Nordic countries and their history, which has led to similar political and media systems, systems ...
While there is considerable disagreement on to what degree people's voting patterns and poll resu... more While there is considerable disagreement on to what degree people's voting patterns and poll results can be read as accurately reflecting their attitudes on the immigration issue, a careful reading and reanalysis of available data suggest some developments and difference in the case of the Scandinavian countries. First, the emergence and stabilization of immigrant-critical political parties appear to express the emergence not only of a group of politicians but also a broader public that considered immigration as a critical and troubling issue for the well-being of their society. This appears already in the seventies in Denmark, but first decades later in Sweden, which matches trends in the public policies on immigration and the media coverage. In contrast, longer trends in polls suggest increasingly favourable attitudes to immigrants in all countries. At the one hand, there is less emphasis on race as a criterion for exclusion and attitudes appear less threat-focused. On the other hand, increasing importance has being placed on immigrants sharing our ways of life, and have valuable work skills and educational qualifications for integration into the welfare system. Danes appear to have the strongest nativist and economic opposition and to discern most strongly between categories of immigrants for who should be admitted. Swedes are the opposite, but such national differences appear to be decreasing. Looking at class differences in the latter decades using ESS data in 2002 and 2014, classes in the tree countries are divided over somewhat different parts of the immigration issue. In Denmark, classes collide over the question of the number of immigrants to receive, in Sweden, where this issue has been more or less outside the accepted limits for the debate, the classes clash over the cultural benefits of immigration.
The analysis of the Scandinavian immigration discourse from 1970 to 2016 in the newspapers reveal... more The analysis of the Scandinavian immigration discourse from 1970 to 2016 in the newspapers reveals that the arrival of new groups of immigrants led to a widespread and broad debate in the Scandinavian press. Some shared patterns are the increasing salience of the issue in the whole period, seen in the significantly increased volume of coverage and a shift of coverage from news to debate genres, politicization through the increase of national political voices, and coverage of government and party politics, a decreasing focus on immigrants’ rights and increasing focus on the cultural and welfare integration of immigrants from the nineties. In Danish newspapers there is an earlier and stronger shift towards discussing problematic sides of the immigration issue, both financial and cultural. Swedish newspapers are clearly less concerned with such matters, emphasising humanitarian perspectives, with Norway as somewhat a middle case. The debate in Scandinavia also appears to be more humanitarian and less threat-focused than in other European countries.
How do young adults experience public speaking, and how does their experience depend on their soc... more How do young adults experience public speaking, and how does their experience depend on their social background? Using a national speech competition in Norwegian secondary school as a natural experiment for studying the relationship between class background and the use of language, a follow-up survey (43 classes, N=940) identifies their experiences of participating in the course as varying much. Working-class children found the writing and delivery of a public speech often much more difficult, boring and stressful, and less often reported a family culture favourable to the cultivation of public speaking. They also tended to choose private, non-controversial themes rather than political themes. Girls enjoyed the writing process more than the oral delivery, while it was the reverse for boys.
High and low in Parliament and ministries. Cultural use and cultural orientation in the Norwegian... more High and low in Parliament and ministries. Cultural use and cultural orientation in the Norwegian political-administrative elites In this article, we use data from a web survey in 2010 of members of the Norwegian Parliament, along with administrative and political leaders in the ministries, to map the differences in their use of cultural institutions and their preferences for various types of culture. We discuss how these are linked to differences in social background, political affiliation and elite fraction, as well as their views on aesthetics and cultural policy. Both analyses identify a main division in regard to popular/mainstream culture and the age of these art forms and artists. The differences correspond to well-known social and political cleavages in the use of culture, and the respondents’ views on the value of moral and political elements in culture, cultural populism and the role of the market in cultural policy.
Substantial evidence shows that the Cold War deeply affected the journalistic reporting and frami... more Substantial evidence shows that the Cold War deeply affected the journalistic reporting and framing of both domestic and foreign events and was integral to the formation of Cold War culture. But its effect also extended to the way in which foreign news was produced and who produced it. This essay combines a historical analysis of the establishment and organization of the foreign news system in Norway after the war with a statistical analysis of the changing characteristics of its corps of foreign journalists constructed from available biographical records. It demonstrates how the Cold War very directly influenced the build-up (and later build-down) of the Norwegian system of foreign journalism, including where correspondents were posted, the size of foreign news departments, and the background and status of foreign journalists.
This study investigates the statistical patterns of videogame preference orientations based on a ... more This study investigates the statistical patterns of videogame preference orientations based on a broad survey of media- cultural- and lifestyle preferences among Norwegian college and university students. It discusses the findings in light of previous research on game preferences and game culture. Particular attention is given to established notions of "core" versus "casual" gaming, including the gender aspect. We used Multiple Correspondence Analysis to identify patterns of association and opposition within players' stated favourites. In our analysis, the most dominant dimension articulates an opposition between an inclusive and family-friendly orientation at one end of the spectrum, and an exclusive, high-tech and dark/mature preference orientation at the other. This primary dimensional axis correlates with a demographic divide between low-frequent and predominantly female players and high-frequent and predominantly male players. The second most dominant axis articulates an opposition between a niche and a mainstream preference orientation, which is not linked to gender distinctions. Through cluster analysis, we see that players' game preferences can be grouped into relatively distinct and coherent orientations. Drawing on the wealth of data in the original survey, we also see how player profiles can predict players' wider media- and cultural preference orientations. Among core gamers, the "E-sporters" and "Roleplayers" profiles reflect a fairly unambiguous association with autonomous game culture. In contrast, a large cluster of dedicated action- and sport fans, which includes only 4% women, is located at the intersection of game culture and mainstream masculine entertainment culture.
This article measures and discusses populism in Scandinavian immigration debate from 1970 to 2016... more This article measures and discusses populism in Scandinavian immigration debate from 1970 to 2016. Using descriptive statistical analysis and logistical regression analysis, we analyze items related to immigration in six newspapers from the three countries over four constructed weeks for each of the 47 years under study, in total 4,329 coded newspaper articles. We find that populism spikes when immigration spikes due to international developments/crises. References to “the people,” anti-elitism, exclusionist rhetoric, but also alarmist rhetoric about a state of emergency, are the most frequently appearing attributes. Second, country, newspaper genre, and party type of quoted politicians are clearly correlated with populism. Populism is much more likely to be found in Denmark, opinion genres, paticularly letters to the editor, when populist radical-right parties are either speaking or spoken about in the press, and in articles with threat frames.
Immigration is a controversial political issue in many parts of the world, since migratory moveme... more Immigration is a controversial political issue in many parts of the world, since migratory movements are a global phenomenon and the number of displaced people is at the highest ever recorded in human history. Scandinavia has had the issue on the public agenda for decades. The SCANPUB research project at the University of Bergen (with Prof. Jostein Gripsrud as the principal investigator) starts from the general impression that the three Scandinavian countries – in spite of all of their similarities and close ties – have had strikingly different public discourses on the issue of immigration and have developed quite different political regimes in relevant policy areas (Brochman and Hagelund 2012).
This article mobilizes the capabilities approach to offer a new and empirically grounded critical... more This article mobilizes the capabilities approach to offer a new and empirically grounded critical perspective on how cultural policy should promote citizenship to audiences. The capabilities approach posits that public policies should be designed and measured in terms of what they actually enable subjects to do or be. Focusing on the case of Norway, we operationalize the capabilities approach in two steps. First, based on survey data, we highlight systematic relationships between social background, cultural consumption, and citizenship. Based on extensive interview data, the article thereafter offers insight into how people engage with culture and whether this engagement enables them to function as citizens. In contrast to common assessments of cultural policy, we argue that the merit of this approach is that it focuses attention on how different measures actually empower different groups of citizens and fail to empower others, thus providing a basis for more effective and just poli...
... ICA CONFERENCE, SAN FRANCISCO, 24-28 MAY 2007 Gunn Bjørnsen ([email protected]) Jan Fredrik Hov... more ... ICA CONFERENCE, SAN FRANCISCO, 24-28 MAY 2007 Gunn Bjørnsen ([email protected]) Jan Fredrik Hovden, Volda University College ([email protected]) Rune Ottosen, Oslo University College ([email protected]) Ida Schultz, Roskilde University ([email protected]) ...
Substantial evidence shows that the Cold War deeply affected the journalistic reporting and frami... more Substantial evidence shows that the Cold War deeply affected the journalistic reporting and framing of both domestic and foreign events and was integral to the formation of Cold War culture. But its effect also extended to the way in which foreign news was produced and who produced it. This essay combines a historical analysis of the establishment and organization of the foreign news system in Norway after the war with a statistical analysis of the changing characteristics of its corps of foreign journalists constructed from available biographical records. It demonstrates how the Cold War very directly influenced the build-up (and later build-down) of the Norwegian system of foreign journalism, including where correspondents were posted, the size of foreign news departments, and the background and status of foreign journalists.
Professor, Institutt for informasjons-og medievitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen [email protected]... more Professor, Institutt for informasjons-og medievitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen [email protected] Hallvard Moe Professor, Institutt for informasjons-og medievitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen [email protected] SAMMENDRAG Hva kan vi bruke kvantitative undersøkelsesmetoder for tv-bruk til, og hvordan kan vi for-stå avvik mellom dem? Vi argumenterer for at en sammenligning av svarene survey-og tv-meterdata gir oss-over tid og på tvers av genre-reiser en viktig diskusjon om metodiske utfordringer, men også setter oss i stand til å bedre forstå endringer i tv-bruken. ABSTRACT This article compares survey and meter data on television use in Norway in order better to understand challenges with each method, and to grasp the changes in television use. The analysis is based on the period 2000-14, and focuses on reach as well as specific genres (news, drama and sports). We argue that, rather than pointing to one method as producing better data, we should be aware of problems with each of the ...
PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE Tastekeepers Taste structures, power and aesthetic-political positions in t... more PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE Tastekeepers Taste structures, power and aesthetic-political positions in the elites of the Norwegian cultural field Jan Fredrik Hovden Jan Fredrik Hovden (f. 1969) er dr. polit. og førsteamenuensis ved Institutt for informasjonsog medievitenskap, Universitetet i Bergen. Hans spesialområde er sosiologiske eliteog kulturstudiar i tradisjonen etter Pierre Bourdieu. Han har tidlegare publisert arbeid om det norske og nordiske journalistiske feltet, studentars kulturbruk og draumars sosiale opphav, og arbeider no med studier av politiske og kulturelle elitar i Norge. E-post: [email protected]
Using data from a websurvey of journalism students in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finla... more Using data from a websurvey of journalism students in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland (N=2183) in 2008, this paper presents two correspondence analyses: one of differences among the students in regard to their journalistic ideals and aspirations, another in regard to their prioritizing of news items. In both cases, the major differences (the axes) is discussed in relation to a variety of factors, including: national differences, the students social background and �괂Ġtrajectory (e.g. class background, gender, age, work experience etc.), current place of study, their journalistic aspiration (preferred work place) etc. Not unexpected, the analysis suggest the differences are the result of a complex relationship between national traditions, the students habitus, their aspirations and previous work experience etc.
This article presents a global-comparative study of journalists reporting about art and culture, ... more This article presents a global-comparative study of journalists reporting about art and culture, that is, cultural journalists. In the literature, this particular group is said to be different from other types of journalists, because their professional work is guided more by an aesthetic logic than a news logic. Until now, however, this difference has mainly been studied in national contexts. Applying a global-comparative perspective by using data from The Worlds of Journalism Study, this article shows that cultural journalists around the globe do in fact differ systematically from other types of journalists in their social and professional characteristics, and also in terms of perceptions of influences on daily work and professional role perceptions. Even though media systemic contexts play a role, cultural journalists do have distinct characteristics worldwide. This is the first study to apply such a global-comparative perspective to the role perceptions of this particular group o...
The present article summarizes the findings of a survey among first-year journalism students in D... more The present article summarizes the findings of a survey among first-year journalism students in Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway. The survey covers a wide array of subjects including social recruitment, motivation for studying journalism, preferences regarding future journalistic working life, views on the role of journalism in society, attitudes toward the profession, journalistic ideals and ideas about what are the most important traits for journalists. The study reveals significant differences between journalism students in the Nordic countries. The analysis appears to support a ‘nation type’ interpretation of attitudes among journalists, linked to different national traditions, in explaining the differences found. Our results clearly indicate the importance of traditional sociological explanations of behavior for the understanding of journalistic preferences and ambitions. For example, the choice of preferred topics is strongly gendered and appears as the sexual division of l...
Journalism is one of the most popular study programmes in Norway. There are several pathways into... more Journalism is one of the most popular study programmes in Norway. There are several pathways into the Norwegian news industry for young people seeking a career in journalism, but it is increasingly common for aspiring journalists to start off with a journalism education. In this article the landscapeof Norwegian journalism education is presented, including a closer look at the content of the studies, the connection to the industry and the students of journalism themselves. The description of the students is based on a dataset from a series of questionnaires administered between 2000 and 2004 to three complete cohorts of Norwegian journalism students at Oslo University College and Volda University College, the largest and oldest J-schools in Norway. Norwegian journalism education can be described as working quite well as measured by both the students’ success in the job market and their expressed satisfaction with their studies. The fact that the application rate for several years ha...
The media coverage of immigration serves as an important test for modern democracies’ ability to ... more The media coverage of immigration serves as an important test for modern democracies’ ability to handle difficult public issues. Systematic and comparative studies over longer time periods are, however, still rare. This is deeply unfortunate as the nature of both immigration and the press systems vary considerably not only across nations but also over time. This article charts the immigration debate in seven Scandinavian newspapers from the birth of modern immigration in the early seventies to the present-day situation. While supporting claims about a general historical shift towards a more problematizing and cultural discourse in Scandinavia, the analysis also identifies major differences in how countries, publications, and genres have handled this complex issue, which brings out fundamental dilemmas for both modern welfare states and journalists. Using the method of multiple correspondence analysis and subsequent cluster analysis, the article also demonstrates how historical press...
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