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Stefan Georg
  • Bonner Straße 58, D-53913 Swisttal-Miel, FRG
  • +49-0173-2737982
Too abstract for an abstract. A rant, maybe. Sort of, at least. Certainly not a very ingenious title, certainly too verbose, certainly not publishable. Certainly necessary. Certainly useless.
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This new four-volume collection from Routledge brings together the major works of scholarship concerned with the ‘language isolates’ of the world. ‘Isolated’ languages are languages without any known relatives, languages which are not... more
This new four-volume collection from Routledge brings together the major works of scholarship concerned with the ‘language isolates’ of the world. ‘Isolated’ languages are languages without any known relatives, languages which are not demonstrably part of any ‘language family’, with Etruscan, Basque, and Ainu being arguably some of the best-known examples of such ‘linguistic orphans’. The language-specific materials collected here are arranged geographically, and each language-chapter is preceded by a short introduction to the linguistic situation of the language(es) involved and, if not given in anthologized works themselves, to the current state of research and past and present scholarly debates. The volumes are preceded by a problem-oriented general introduction, which deals with the basic concepts and methodological principles of language classification, the present state and the nature of ongoing controversies, an epistemiological typology of language families, and, in the light of this, a theoretical justification of the concept of isolates as well as the choice of languages covered in the volumes.

Some of the gathered works are general introductions to their object language (in terms of sociolinguistics, attestation, documentation, history of scholarship, guides to published studies, overviews of linguistic characteristics), others highlight and discuss particularly salient and interesting typological characteristics of an isolate (some of them are breakthrough studies for the understanding of a particular language), and others focus on the very status of the language under discussion as an isolate in the first place. Some isolated languages are still very much alive; at least one of them, Korean, is a major national language. The majority of the languages and small families covered here are endangered, and some will certainly cease to be used during the coming decades. Thus, isolated languages are particularly interesting objects for students of language endangerment, but they are also prime research objects for linguistic descriptionists, for, when they are gone, not only will another of the 6,000 or so human languages have disappeared, but, in those cases, whole linguistic lineages (and their ways of coping with the world) will be gone forever.
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Philology, Semiotics, Languages, History, American History, and 243 more
Linguists and specialists on Siberia are generally familiar with the name Ket, which designates a small ethnic group on the Yenisei and their language, widely regarded as a linguistic enigma in many respects. Ket is a severely endangered... more
Linguists and specialists on Siberia are generally familiar with the name Ket, which designates a small ethnic group on the Yenisei and their language, widely regarded as a linguistic enigma in many respects. Ket is a severely endangered language with today ...
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This short note serves the purpose of setting the record of the decipherment of the Mongolian Khüis Tolgoi and Bugut inscriptions straight. Until recently, the Brāhmī inscriptions on the Khüis Tolgoi and Bugut stelae in Mongolia remained... more
This short note serves the purpose of setting the record of the decipherment of the Mongolian Khüis Tolgoi and Bugut inscriptions straight. Until recently, the Brāhmī inscriptions on the Khüis Tolgoi and Bugut stelae in Mongolia remained undeciphered, and any knowledge concerning the language in which they were written had been lost centuries ago. Finally, in the 2000s, Dieter Maue, an epigraphist and a leading specialist on the Brāhmī script, made a new reading of the inscriptions, allowing, for the first time, the question concerning the underlying language to be approached in a meaningful way. Then, the French historian Étienne de La Vaissière invited Alexander Vovin, during the latter's visit to Paris, to have a look at Maue's reading of the Khüis Tolgoi inscription. Vovin recognized the language as Mongolic, but there were still too many unidentifiable words and grammatical forms to allow for a complete translation. In 2014, an international team consisting of Dieter Maue (Germany), Alexander Vovin (USA, then already permanently working in France), Mehmet Ölmez (Turkey), and Étienne de La Vaissière (France) was formed, and the group travelled to Mongolia, accompanied by two specialists in 3D photography with the relevant instruments for taking 3D pictures. The principal objective was to document the inscriptions as completely as possible. The team surveyed the inscriptions and took 3D pictures of the Khüis Tolgoi I and Brāhmī Bugut inscriptions, but could not do the same with Khüis Tolgoi II due to circumstances beyond the team's control. For more details on the team's travel to Mongolia, see Ölmez (2018). After the survey, Dieter Maue revised his epigraphic analysis and Alexander Vovin offered a first linguistic analysis and interpretation of the texts. The results were reported at the
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T. Osada/A. Vovin (edd.): 日本語の系統論えの展望 Perspectives on the Origins of the Japanese Language, Kyoto: Kokusai Nihon Bunka Kenkyu Senta/ International Center for Japanese Studies An old paper. A really old and youthful paper. I removed it... more
T. Osada/A. Vovin (edd.): 日本語の系統論えの展望 Perspectives on the
Origins of the Japanese Language, Kyoto: Kokusai Nihon Bunka Kenkyu
Senta/ International Center for Japanese Studies
An old paper. A really old and youthful paper. I removed it from this site some years ago, when its very existence (or, then, mine) sparked an amount of open contempt, even hatred, which I couldn't expect even in the hotly polemic field of "Altaic" linguistics. And, yes, it contains (at least) one mistake - according to a particularly prolific poster (poseur?) on academia.edu nothing less than the one major sin of the whole discipline ever since 1836 or so. Unforgivable, and reason enough to try to whatever might be humanly possible to expel its perpetrator from this field (and, congrats, with full success!). It is a really big, a really abominable blunder. See if you can spot it (because I forgot, but it sure is there, still after all these years, it must be). And, of course (as if this would have to be underlined, but alas, it has!) every bit of this comes from my own ailing head, including, of course, every slip, and every blunder.
L'A. revient dans cette etude critique sur le dernier ouvrage de Joseph H. Greenberg, Indo-European and its closest relatives : The Eurasiatic language family (2000), ou ce dernier tente de rassembler dans une meme famille... more
L'A. revient dans cette etude critique sur le dernier ouvrage de Joseph H. Greenberg, Indo-European and its closest relatives : The Eurasiatic language family (2000), ou ce dernier tente de rassembler dans une meme famille linguistique plus importante (a savoir le groupe eurasiatique) les langues indo-europeennes, 'altaiques' et autres familles de langues du vieux monde. Les principales critiques adressees a Greenberg concernent sa methode de comparaison de masses des langues en question, son traitement des donnees, qui consiste en une comparaison 'multilaterale' de la similarite de surface, portant peu d'importance a la regularite phonologique. L'A. analyse plus particulierement les parametres morphologiques pris en compte par Greenberg pour sa classification.
Iran and the Caucasus 19, 2015, 3-7
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Paradigmatic morphology is a central and crucial concept for several branches of comparative linguistics. The observation of shared paradigms in languages which were not suspected of having a common ancestry stands at the cradle of modern... more
Paradigmatic morphology is a central and crucial concept for several branches of comparative linguistics. The observation of shared paradigms in languages which were not suspected of having a common ancestry stands at the cradle of modern genealogical linguistics and dominates the discussion(s) about not firmly established or merely putative language families or phyla to this day, the very different morphological techniques different languages use for the formation of paradigms mark the beginning of language typology, now a major pillar of the language sciences, and the question, to which degree languages—closely, distantly, or not at all related with each other—may borrow morphological paradigms (part or whole) from each other or might have done so in the past (which, if true and not properly detected, might lead to superficially persuasive, but factually erroneous, claims and hypotheses of genealogical relatedness) continues to be an important theoretical and practical issue in co...
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Encyclopedia article on an existing language.
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Abstract: This paper revisits the etymology of the European toponym ‘Tibet’, and assumes, based on the thourough discussion of the problem by Róna-Tas (1985), that the second syllable of this name is, after all, historically identical... more
Abstract: This paper revisits the etymology of the European toponym ‘Tibet’,
and assumes, based on the thourough discussion of the problem by Róna-Tas
(1985), that the second syllable of this name is, after all, historically identical
with the Tibetan autonym bod. The vocalism of the first syllable remains problematic,
but seems to originate with the works of Portuguese missionaries of the
XVIIth century, from where it stabilized in other European languages. Its explanation
as being due to Kipchak-Turkic reflexes of *tepe ‘hill’ seems to be less likely.
Other isolated languages of Asia

Draft
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Languages, History, Cultural History, Japanese Studies, Russian Studies, and 56 more
Paradigmatic morphology is a central and crucial concept for several branches of comparative linguistics. The observation of shared paradigms in languages which were not suspected of having a common ancestry stands at the cradle of modern... more
Paradigmatic morphology is a central and crucial concept for several branches of comparative linguistics. The observation of shared paradigms in languages which were not suspected of having a common ancestry stands at the cradle of modern ge-nealogical linguistics and dominates the discussion(s) about not firmly established or merely putative language families or phyla to this day, the very different morphological techniques different languages use for the formation of paradigms mark the beginning of language typology, now a major pillar of the language sciences, and the question, to which degree languages—closely, distantly, or not at all related with each other— may borrow morphological paradigms (part or whole) from each other or might have done so in the past (which, if true and not properly detected, might lead to superficially persuasive, but factually erroneous, claims and hypotheses of genealogical relatedness) continues to be an important theoretical and practical issue in comparative linguistics. The contributions to this volume address, i. a., all of these questions and areas and offer much food for thought about historical morphology, areal linguistics and, above all, language classification—going far beyond the " Altaic hypothesis " , which figures prominently in some of them.
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A reworked version of the author's inaugural lecture from 2009 on the occasion of his Habilitation with the venia legendi for 'Altaische Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft', now published in: Zentralasiatische Studien des Seminars für Sprach-... more
A reworked version of the author's inaugural lecture from 2009 on the occasion of his Habilitation with the venia legendi for 'Altaische Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft', now published in: Zentralasiatische Studien des Seminars für Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft Zentralasiens der Universität Bonn 39, 2009 (= Festschrift Veronika Veit)
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Philology, Languages, History, Cultural History, Ethnohistory, and 110 more
Iran and the Caucasus 19, 2015, 3-7
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Philology, History, Cultural History, Botany, Sociology, and 82 more
Der hier besprochene Text von J. Laakso findet sich unter: https://www.academia.edu/12898951/Dies_und_das_über_die_Sprachen_der_Welt
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(in German): This paper was meant, and submitted, for the second volume of a Festschrift for Michael Weiers, which was expected to be published not much later than 2003 (!). While the first volume of this FS did see the light, the second... more
(in German): This paper was meant, and submitted, for the second volume of a Festschrift for Michael Weiers, which was expected to be published  not much later than 2003 (!). While the first volume of this FS did see the light, the second volume, for which this contribution was intended, never did. I have no information whatsoever about the intention, if any, of the editor to eventually publish this volume, nor do I know anything concrete about his whereabouts, so I publish this piece here. It makes use of some contents I published elsewhere in the meantime, so it might seem to be somewhat repetitive.
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Languages, Cultural History, Sociology, Cultural Studies, Asian Studies, and 58 more
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Languages, Religion, Comparative Religion, Cultural History, Sociology, and 97 more
A quite innocent article, I suppose, but, as expected, the haters found it in the end and didn't miss the opportunity to let me know.
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Co-authored with Uwe Seefloth
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Languages, History, Cultural History, Ethnohistory, Sociology, and 125 more
Mongolian translation (unauthorized, though) of some early paper.
"in: Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher, N.F. 16, 1999/2000, 143-182 AT LAST a usable pdf of this old piece, thanks to indefatigable Uwe Bläsing, շնորհակալություն !!! Unfortunately written in German, but perhaps not altogether useless, since it... more
"in: Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher, N.F. 16, 1999/2000, 143-182 AT LAST a usable pdf of this old piece, thanks to indefatigable Uwe Bläsing, շնորհակալություն !!!

Unfortunately written in German, but perhaps not altogether useless, since it shows how any enthusiasm for possibly disruptive hypotheses (as, in this case, the thought that Turkic, Mongolian and Tungus languages might somehow be genetically related) could profit immensely from, at least some, knowledge of or about the languages involved, and how any lack of this leads to disaster, and inevitably so.
One of the authors attacked in this piece later changed his mind, perhaps not (only) because of this, but anyway commendably so,  whereas the other one never reacted and offered, 20 years later, an explanation which tact dictates to accept and good manners dictate not to cite, but apart from that he hastened to add (here on academia.edu) that everything which is wrong in the original joint paper wasn't his fault, but somebody else's.
Apart from this, I find it, in a personal blog of this author, repeatedly alluded to, at one place even praised (if only its title...), but generally misunderstodd and even miscited. How the rather innocent opening paragraph with its clear statements that it is *not* viewed as an "anti-Altaic" statement avant la parole, can be refabricated to constitute such a statement (which it ostensibly is not), transcends my abilities of comprehension, especially since its originator claims (and says!) that he knows German by far better than I do.
Recently he mentioned that I managed to correct some very minor issues of his original contribution.
It very obviously hit where it hurts.
Sapienti sat.

And 35 more

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Review of the said work, forthcoming
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Philology, Semiotics, Languages, History, Cultural History, and 94 more
With my profuse apologies to everybody who rightfully expects original works of scholarship here, but certain events on some pages of academia.edu force me, so I think, to post this statement at this place. - As an addition, I might... more
With my profuse apologies to everybody who rightfully expects original works of scholarship here, but certain events on some pages of academia.edu force me, so I think, to post this statement at this place.

- As an addition, I might mention here that I find myself, on some page of academia.edu, which, again, I will not mention explicitly here (sapienti sat), actually *stalked* by somebody who, in the defense of some hypothesis I took the liberty to voice dissident opinions on in the past, now seems to have enough time and energy to scavenge each and every scrap of my published writings, sometimes from decades ago, and sometimes without any circulation to speak of,  in order to unearth inaccuracies of any kind (and, yes, indeed, the undersigned is not infallible, so the search will and is not in vain, I am confident that I'm in pretty good company with that), which are then presented as "pinnacles" of a debate and, of course, then reduced to rubbles with bombastic rhetoric. At times, this is even funny (for lovers of grand opera and kitschy drama, that is), but it should perhaps be added that *any* hypothesis on *anything* which needs to be defended *this way* is in dire straits, and very obviously so.
Whether what I attacked some decades ago will stand or fall is not up to me to decide and should be left to those who actually care, but I must say that I'm quite astonished to find that the supporters (OK, to be fair: at least one of them, I have not found many others from the "other camp" to be willing to sink that low) of that ominous hypothesis seem to feel that it needs *such a* shot in the arm. Not even I thought that it is in such a precarious state of health, maybe somebody should help it up, so I might, one day, find time, energy and, above all, inclination,  to voice a few more dissident opinions on it.