Luca Bombardieri
University of Siena / Università di Siena, Dfclam, Faculty Member
- Archaeology, Near Eastern Archaeology, Bronze and Iron Ages in Eastern Mediterranean (Archaeology), Aegean Bronze Age (Bronze Age Archaeology), Bronze Age Cyprus, Gender Studies, and 6 moreCeramics, History of Archaeology, Cyprus Studies, Middle Bronze Age, Cypriot Archaeology, and Mediterranean prehistoryedit
Research Interests: Humanities and Art
Research Interests: Exhibition and Cahier
A focused analysis of provenanced and unprovenanced Middle Bronze Age stamps from the Kouris Valley in Cyprus is presented in this article. Stylistic aspects are investigated, along with possible external prototypes on which they may have... more
A focused analysis of provenanced and unprovenanced Middle Bronze Age stamps from the Kouris Valley in Cyprus is presented in this article. Stylistic aspects are investigated, along with possible external prototypes on which they may have been based, as well as their possible multiple uses and functions. Finally, the limited evidence from Middle Bronze Age contexts in Cyprus is discussed in relation to the very different ways in which foreign influences and differing trajectories affected the move toward increasingly complex societies, and how these may have influenced sealing practices on the island.
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A number of recent studies have devoted attention to the archaeology of burial and its implications in Bronze Age Cyprus (Keswani 2004, 2005; Knapp 2018; Webb 2018). This article analyzes some aspects of space negotiation between... more
A number of recent studies have devoted attention to the archaeology of burial and its implications in Bronze Age Cyprus (Keswani 2004, 2005; Knapp 2018; Webb 2018). This article analyzes some aspects of space negotiation between settlement and funerary areas during the Early and Middle Bronze Age. After briefly discussing current views on this subject, it will focus on specific cases of intramural burial from a set of contemporary contexts and then provide a possible interpretation of this unusual funerary practice. Our sources of evidence for unusual burials in Early and Middle Bronze Age Cyprus are three-fold: burial contexts and locations within inhabited spaces, associated assemblages, and human remains. Each of these will be discussed, before asking whether these data, and their anthropological and ethnographic counterparts, might suggest practices associated with necrophobia in prehistoric Cyprus.
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A previously unpublished marble fragment from the Cesnola collection at the Turin University Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography bears an incomplete Phoenician inscription, a dedication to Eshmun-Melqart considered lost since 1869 (CIS... more
A previously unpublished marble fragment from the Cesnola collection at the Turin University Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography bears an incomplete Phoenician inscription, a dedication to Eshmun-Melqart considered lost since 1869 (CIS I 26). The inscription allows to interpret the object bearing the dedication as a votive stone bowl from the late Classical Phoenician sanctuary of Kition-Batsalos in Cyprus, and it provides the opportunity to retrace the history of the Cesnola collection of Cypriote antiquities at the University Museum of Turin.
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A well-known anthropomorphic asksos of a seated male, first described in 1981 as an enthroned ithyphallic figure, belongs to the archaeological collection of the Pierides Foundation Museum in Larnaka In this paper, after briefly... more
A well-known anthropomorphic asksos of a seated male, first described in 1981 as an enthroned ithyphallic figure, belongs to the archaeological collection of the Pierides Foundation Museum in Larnaka In this paper, after briefly describing the terracotta as an object per se, I will move to analyze two major opposite interpretative schemes firstly proposed by Desmond Morris and Vassos Karageorghis and then by Naomi Hamilton. Although the lack of clear provenance makes contextual analysis more difficult, we might rely on three different sources of evidence in order to interpret the Pierides terracotta: figurative documents, ethnographic counterparts and literary evidence. As far as the first set of documents is concerned, the archaeological record suggests that while there is no tradition of male figures in Chalcolithic Cyprus, seated figures do have a place in the iconography of the period and they are mostly connected with pregnancy and birth-giving, such as at Middle Chalcolithic K...
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With contributions by Erika Albertini, Marialucia Amadio, Valentina Bonora, Alessandro Conti, Giulia Dionisio, Francesca Dolcetti, Mariaelena Fedi, Marco Fioravanti, Lidia Fiorini, Martina Fissore, Peter Gasson, Carole McCartney, Martina... more
With contributions by Erika Albertini, Marialucia Amadio, Valentina Bonora, Alessandro Conti, Giulia Dionisio, Francesca Dolcetti, Mariaelena Fedi, Marco Fioravanti, Lidia Fiorini, Martina Fissore, Peter Gasson, Carole McCartney, Martina Monaco, Giulia Muti, Daniele Redamante, David S. Reese, Alessanda Saggio, Caterina Scirè Calabrisotto, Grazia Tucci, Elena Vassio, Jennifer M. Webb and Mari Yamasaki
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In order to perform a physico-chemical multitechnique characterization, 26 fragments of Red Polished ware from the archaeological survey in the Kouris river valley (Limassol district, Cyprus) have been analyzed. Despite the gloss-like... more
In order to perform a physico-chemical multitechnique characterization, 26 fragments of Red Polished ware from the archaeological survey in the Kouris river valley (Limassol district, Cyprus) have been analyzed. Despite the gloss-like macroscopic aspect of the potsherd surfaces, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) morphological observation revealed traces of mechanical polishing on the surfaces and the lack of a slip. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental analyses in both scan and map modes confirmed the absence of differentiation between body and surface composition. Chemometric evaluation on EDX bodies data showed a lack of sub-classification. Mineralogical patterns, obtained by X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) analysis revealed great variability among samples and the presence of amphiboles in 14 sherds, whose identification as horneblende and riebeckite was confirmed by petrographic examination. The unusual presence of these minerals in a ceramic ware fits with the Kouris valley ...
Research Interests: Geography, Archaeology, Geology, Mineralogy, Computer Science, and 15 moreArchaeological Science, Archaeometry, Ancient Technology (Archaeology), Bronze Age, Pottery Production, Bronze, Petrography, XRD, Pottery production technology, Technology and production of artefacts and pottery, Pottery Firing Techniques, Glaze, Kiln, Bronze Age Cyprus, and Pottery Archaeology
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Abandonment sequences at Middle Bronze Age Erimi have been examined using integrated stratigraphic analysis and high-resolution microarchaeological techniques, with the aim of investigating the environmental processes and socio-cultural... more
Abandonment sequences at Middle Bronze Age Erimi have been examined using integrated stratigraphic analysis and high-resolution microarchaeological techniques, with the aim of investigating the environmental processes and socio-cultural practices that impacted on the abandonment of buildings and settlement areas. The data revealed the occurrence of two distinct processes: gradual structural degradation and rapid destruction by a fire event. Destruction sequences within burnt buildings were examined to identify the temperatures to which sediments had been exposed and to reconstruct the conflagration event. Resulting data are discussed in the context of Middle Bronze Age Cyprus, in a preliminary consideration of the ideological implications of the identified abandonment practices.
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After decades of collaborative experience between archaeologists and radiocarbon scientists, with the aim at producing radiocarbon dates capable of answering the most various research questions, it is now widely recognized that an... more
After decades of collaborative experience between archaeologists and radiocarbon scientists, with the aim at producing radiocarbon dates capable of answering the most various research questions, it is now widely recognized that an accurate sampling strategy is the cornerstone of a solid 14C-based chronology. In this paper, we discuss the sampling criteria required to obtain good quality 14C data within a challenging archaeological context like the Bronze Age site of Erimi Laonin tou Porakou (Limassol, Cyprus). Following a dedicated sampling strategy, in the productive complex of the settlement, charcoal samples were collected from secure contexts according to stratigraphic examination of excavated strata and analysis of associated features and material culture. Micromorphology was also applied for a more accurate interpretation of individual deposits and reconstruction of depositional and post-depositional processes. In the necropolis, bone samples were selected among the fragmentar...
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Depuis 2008 , le site d'Erimi-Laonin tou Porakou (Limassol ) fait l ’ objet d ’ une fouille systematique menee par une mission de l ’ Universite de Florence en collaboration avec le Departement des Antiquites de Chypre . L ’ objectif... more
Depuis 2008 , le site d'Erimi-Laonin tou Porakou (Limassol ) fait l ’ objet d ’ une fouille systematique menee par une mission de l ’ Universite de Florence en collaboration avec le Departement des Antiquites de Chypre . L ’ objectif primaire de l ’ enquete etait l ’ analyse du materiel funeraire de la necropole Sud (Area E ), ou plusieurs tombes a chambre individuelle ont ete fouillees . Les petits objets et les assemblages ceramiques , par leurs typologies et leurs decors , se rapprochent d ’ une production typique de la cote meridionale qui se developpe du Chalcolithique ancien au Chalcolithique moyen III / Chalcolithique recent I . Au cours de la saison de fouilles 2010-2011 , des echantillons d ’ ossements ont ete preleves a partir des restes de squelettes de trois tombes (228 , 230 , 248 ), dans le but de realiser des analyses radiocarbone . Les resultats des etudes anthropologiques et des datations radiocarbone peuvent etre croises avec le materiel archeologique , afin de dessiner une sequence chronologique de la necropole d ’ Erimi-Laonin tou Porakou , et d ’ apporter ainsi de nouvelles donnees a l ’ etude de l ’ Age du Bronze dans la region de Kourion . ;
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The site area of Erimi-Laonin tou Porakou (Limassol, Cyprus) has been surveyed and systematically excavated since 2007 as a joint research project of the University of Florence and the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus. A focused... more
The site area of Erimi-Laonin tou Porakou (Limassol, Cyprus) has been surveyed and systematically excavated since 2007 as a joint research project of the University of Florence and the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus. A focused investigation was dedicated to analyzing funerary evidence from the southern Cemetery (Area E), where 7 single-chamber graves were excavated. The offering goods assemblages from the burials point to a general date ranging from Early to Late Bronze Age I, and draw a sequence of use that is contemporary to the stratigraphic deposits from the top mound Workshop Complex (Area A). During the 2010 field season, charcoal samples from the Workshop Complex and bone samples from the skeleton remains of 2 burials (tombs 228, 230) were opportunely taken for radiocarbon analyses. 14C dating was performed at the AMS-IBA Tandetron accelerator of the INFN-LABEC Laboratory in Florence. This paper will discuss the results of the 14C analyses and compare them with the archa...
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Assyrian mills are innovative grinding tools that were introduced during the Neo-Assyrian period (c. 900–600 BC) in northern Mesopotamia, and which continued to be attested throughout the Neo-Babylonian, Achaemenid and Hellenistic... more
Assyrian mills are innovative grinding tools that were introduced during the Neo-Assyrian period (c. 900–600 BC) in northern Mesopotamia, and which continued to be attested throughout the Neo-Babylonian, Achaemenid and Hellenistic periods. This paper focuses on the Assyrian mills’ morphological characteristics and archaeological contexts, as well as their geographic and chronological distributions, in order to cast light on the possible reasons behind their spread and final demise. Despite being characteristic of the Neo-Assyrian period, these devices did not spread uniformly across the Neo-Assyrian Empire. It will be argued, therefore, that their spread should be seen as being mainly connected with agricultural policies implemented by the Assyrians in some areas of their empire. Following the Neo-Assyrian period, the use of Assyrian mills drastically dropped: one of the possible reasons behind their final demise is the introduction of the Olynthus mill, a competitive grinding device which became predominant during the Hellenistic period.
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Research Interests: Folklore, Art, Intelligence, Folktales, Cyprus, and 6 moreHistorical Studies, Chypre, Greek folklore, Espionnage, vrykolakas, and Pallas
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The Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, Florence, Italy, 1-3 March 2012. [No other information found for this title].
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Destruction processes are considered ‘time capsules of material culture’ (Driessen 2013) as they freeze a site at one moment of its history providing key evidence for interpreting the archaeological record and reconstructing social,... more
Destruction processes are considered ‘time capsules of material culture’ (Driessen 2013) as they freeze a site at one moment of its history providing key evidence for interpreting the archaeological record and reconstructing social, political, cultural and ideological circumstances. By focusing on selected case-studies, this paper aims at briefly discussing existing evidence of destruction events in Bronze Age contexts in Cyprus, and at a preliminary presentation of new research data resulting from ongoing interdisciplinary analyses at Middle Bronze Age Erimi. IZVLE∞EK – Procese uni≠enja razumemo kot ‘≠asovne kapsule materialne kulture’ (Driessen 2013), saj prostor zamrznejo v nekem trenutku njegovega obstoja, s ≠imer zagotavljajo klju≠ne dokaze pri razlagi arheolo∏kega zapisa in nudijo rekonstrukcijo dru∫benih, politi≠nih, kulturnih in ideolo∏kih okoli∏≠in. S tem prispevkom nudimo kratko razpravo o obstoje≠ih dokazih in o dogodkih uni≠enja v kontekstu bronaste dobe na Cipru, in sic...
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... Ayuda; Cambiar idioma Idioma Català. Cambiar. The pottery from IA II-III levels of Late-Assyrian to Post-Assyrian period in Tell Barri/Kahat. ...
A study of the development patterns of grinding and milling techniques in the Near East and Eastern Mediterranean (III-I millennia BC). Italian text.
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The collection of Aegean exhibits in the National Archaeological Museum of Florence is of the greatest significance in terms of its richness and variety. The richness is illustrated by the quantity and value of the objects conserved, and... more
The collection of Aegean exhibits in the National Archaeological Museum of Florence is of the greatest significance in terms of its richness and variety. The richness is illustrated by the quantity and value of the objects conserved, and the variety by a provenance and chronology of the artefacts that embrace pre-classical Aegean history practically in its entirety. This complete edition is organised on the basis of four main areas of provenance and production of the materials (Crete, Continental Greece, the Cyclades and Rhodes). The formation of the Florentine Aegean collections dates largely to the early twentieth century, and was the felicitous result of a combination of different circumstances. The most important of these was the commitment of Luigi Adriano Milani, Director of the nascent Royal Museum, to whom we owe the initial stimulus for a museum collection that could assume exemplary importance and respond to educational requirements. On line Database: www.fupress.net/colle...
Questo volume si propone come una introduzione allo studio delle culture preclassiche – minoica, micenea, cicladica e cipriota – che si sviluppano fra il III e il I millennio a.C. nel bacino dell’Egeo e del Mediterraneo orientale.... more
Questo volume si propone come una introduzione allo studio delle culture preclassiche – minoica, micenea, cicladica e cipriota – che si sviluppano fra il III e il I millennio a.C. nel bacino dell’Egeo e del Mediterraneo orientale. Dall’analisi delle evidenze archeologiche, legate alla cultura materiale e alle produzioni artistiche, e della documentazione epigrafica emerge un quadro delle strutture politiche, economico-sociali e religiose in cui si riconoscono fenomeni di continuità e relazioni culturali profonde. Prima ancora della preistoria greca, è questa la storia di una realtà composita, ancora lontana dall’essere compresa appieno, ma che ha un fascino legato ad antichi miti e alla sua capacità di espandersi e interagire con le altre civiltà mediterranee e del Vicino Oriente.
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... In 939 a “hearth area” has been excavated in Episkopi-Bamboula by John daniel; it has been later on described by Benson as containing ... diffusion of the metallurgical industry in Cyprus at least from EBA–MBA, as the case of the... more
... In 939 a “hearth area” has been excavated in Episkopi-Bamboula by John daniel; it has been later on described by Benson as containing ... diffusion of the metallurgical industry in Cyprus at least from EBA–MBA, as the case of the important industrial site of Pyrgos-Mavroraki near ...
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Assyrian mills are innovative grinding tools that were introduced during the Neo-Assyrian period (c. 900–600 BC) in northern Mesopotamia, and which continued to be attested throughout the Neo-Babylonian, Achaemenid and Hellenistic... more
Assyrian mills are innovative grinding tools that were introduced during the Neo-Assyrian period (c. 900–600 BC) in northern Mesopotamia, and which continued to be attested throughout the Neo-Babylonian, Achaemenid and Hellenistic periods. This paper focuses on the Assyrian mills’ morphological characteristics and archaeological contexts, as well as their geographic and chronological distributions, in order to cast light on the possible reasons behind their spread and final demise. Despite being characteristic of the Neo-Assyrian period, these devices did not spread uniformly across the Neo-Assyrian Empire. It will be argued, therefore, that their spread should be seen as being mainly connected with agricultural policies implemented by the Assyrians in some areas of their empire. Following the Neo-Assyrian period, the use of Assyrian mills drastically dropped: one of the possible reasons behind their final demise is the introduction of the Olynthus mill, a competitive grinding device which became predominant during the Hellenistic period.
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Destruction processes are considered 'time capsules of material culture' (Driessen 2013) as they freeze a site at one moment of its history providing key evidence for interpreting the archaeological record and reconstructing social,... more
Destruction processes are considered 'time capsules of material culture' (Driessen 2013) as they freeze a site at one moment of its history providing key evidence for interpreting the archaeological record and reconstructing social, political, cultural and ideological circumstances. By focusing on selected case-studies, this paper aims at briefly discussing existing evidence of destruction events in Bronze Age contexts in Cyprus, and at a preliminary presentation of new research data resulting from ongoing interdisciplinary analyses at Middle Bronze Age Erimi.
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The earliest history of Cypriot archaeology is a horizon still largely dominated by the interests of antiquarianism and the history of collecting, but it undoubtedly constitutes a fundamental chapter in understanding many of the phenomena... more
The earliest history of Cypriot archaeology is a horizon still largely dominated by the interests of antiquarianism and the history of collecting, but it undoubtedly constitutes a fundamental chapter in understanding many of the phenomena and current connotations of archaeology in Cyprus through the twentieth century. In fact, the extractivist model of nineteenth and twentieth-century archaeology in Cyprus stimulates a paradigm, explicit in practice, involving foreign expeditions to the island. This stimulus is not unrelated to feeding the logic behind illegal and clandestine digging, which takes the form of a parallel channel of supply for private collecting on the island and beyond, in the vast supposedly post- or de-colonial Western universe. From this perspective, this book analyses a particular moment of transition that constitutes the genuine genesis of European interest in the Antiquity of Cyprus. A moment in which the evidence takes the tangible form of archaeological objects, losing the more ethereal form of scholarly references. We may investigate this gradual change through the practice of three Italian travellers/pseudoarchaeologists who stayed on the island at the end of the eighteenth century. Through their stories, we will try to observe the island’s antiquities as they emerged to their attention, what form they might take and what practices they might produce. Attention, forms, and practices that our travellers passed on to those who followed them in the following two centuries.
https://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni4/libri/978-88-6969-799-2/
https://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni4/libri/978-88-6969-799-2/
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The 19 chapters in this volume were written to mark David Frankel’s retirement. They include several of David’s ex-students, now themselves directing excavations in Cyprus, and both old and new colleagues from Cyprus, Greece, Italy,... more
The 19 chapters in this volume were written to mark David Frankel’s retirement. They include several of David’s ex-students, now themselves directing excavations in Cyprus, and both old and new colleagues from Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Australia, the USA and the UK. All acknowledge the influence of David’s research and many draw in particular on the importance of Marki to current understandings of the prehistoric Bronze Age in Cyprus. Other chapters build on David’s views on issues of broader significance in the discipline, including the scale and context of pottery production, identity, migration, technology transfer, site abandonment and social relationships. Together they offer a cross-section of current work in the field and demonstrate the evolving nature of archaeological explanation.
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with contributions by Erika Albertini, Marialucia Amadio, Valentina Bonora, Alessandro Conti, Giulia Dionisio, Francesca Dolcetti, Mariaelena Fedi, Marco Fioravanti, Lidia Fiorini, Martina Fissore, Peter Gasson, Carole McCartney, Martina... more
with contributions by Erika Albertini, Marialucia Amadio, Valentina Bonora, Alessandro Conti, Giulia Dionisio, Francesca Dolcetti, Mariaelena Fedi, Marco Fioravanti, Lidia Fiorini, Martina Fissore, Peter Gasson, Carole McCartney, Martina Monaco, Giulia Muti, Daniele Redamante, David S. Reese, Alessanda Saggio, Caterina Scirè Calabrisotto, Grazia Tucci, Elena Vassio, Jennifer M. Webb and Mari Yamasaki
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The conference Island in Dialogue (ISLANDIA) will be held on the 14th, 15th, and 16th of November 2018 at the Università di Torino (Turin, Italy). ISLANDIA is an excellent opportunity for postgraduate and early career researchers to... more
The conference Island in Dialogue (ISLANDIA) will be held on the 14th, 15th, and 16th of November 2018 at the Università di Torino (Turin, Italy). ISLANDIA is an excellent opportunity for postgraduate and early career researchers to present their current research, and exchange and discuss ideas about the concepts of insularity, landscape and insular identity in the Mediterranean.
Please, find more details in the attached file. For detailed information and updates, you can also visit the event’s website (http://islandia2018.jimdo.com) and Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/Islandia2018/).
If you would like to participate, please fill in and send, no later than the 20th May 2018, the attached application form to [email protected]. The application form requires personal data and an abstract of no more than 300 words and a title. Papers should last for 15 minutes. The official language of the meeting is English. The provisional program of the conference will be announced by the end of June. We intend to publish the papers presented at the meeting. Further information about the publication will be provided via email and during the event.
Please, find more details in the attached file. For detailed information and updates, you can also visit the event’s website (http://islandia2018.jimdo.com) and Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/Islandia2018/).
If you would like to participate, please fill in and send, no later than the 20th May 2018, the attached application form to [email protected]. The application form requires personal data and an abstract of no more than 300 words and a title. Papers should last for 15 minutes. The official language of the meeting is English. The provisional program of the conference will be announced by the end of June. We intend to publish the papers presented at the meeting. Further information about the publication will be provided via email and during the event.