Free textbooks (aka open textbooks) written by knowledgable scholars are a relatively new phenomenon. Below, find a meta list of 200 Free Textbooks, and check back often for new additions. Also see our online collection, 1,700 Free Online Courses from Top Universities.
Art History
- A Textbook of the History of Painting by John Charles Van Dyke, Rutgers
Biology
- Anatomy and Physiology – Edited by various profs at OpenStax
- Biology – Edited by various profs at OpenStax
- Biology Pages, John W. Kimball, Harvard University
- Biochemistry Free and Easy – Kevin Ahern and Dr. Indira Rajagopal, Oregon State
- Botany Online: The Internet Hypertextbook by multiple scholars.
- Cells: Molecules and Mechanisms. Published by the Axolotl Academic Publishing Co.
- CK-12 Biology I (Grades 9-12) edited by Douglas Wilkin, Chair, Dept of Science, Los Angeles Unified School District
- CK-12 Life Science (Grades 9-12) edited by Douglas Wilkin, Chair, Dept of Science, Los Angeles Unified School District
- Concepts of Biology – Edited by various profs at OpenStax
- Guide to Getting into Med School – Kevin Ahern and Dr. Indira Rajagopal, Oregon State
- Life on Earth (iBook) – E.O. Wilson, Harvard
- Rediscovering Biology by multiple authors, UMass Amherst, University of Missouri-St. Louis, Portland Community College
Business and Management
- Business Ethics by Jose A. Cruz-Cruz, William Frey, University of Puerto Rico – Mayaguez
- Business Fundamentals by the Global Text Project
- Core Concepts of Marketing by John Burnett
- Corporate Finance by Ivo Welch, UCLA
- CREATE OR PERISH: The Case for Inventions and Patents by Robert Rines, MIT
- Electronic Commerce by Multiple authors, University of Georgia, Bentley College, and Simon Fraser University
- Guidelines for Improving the Effectiveness of Boards of Directors of Nonprofit Organizations by Vic Murray and Yvonne Harrison, SUNY, Albany
Chemistry
- Chemistry, Grades 10-12, Created by the FHSST Project (Free High School Science Texts)
- Chemistry Virtual Textbooks by Stephen Lower, Simon Fraser University
- CK-12 Chemistry (Grades 9-12) by multiple authors. Covers high school chemistry curriculum in California.
- Concept Development Studies in Chemistry by John S. Hutchinson, Rice University
- Organic Chemistry (with a Biological Emphasis) by Tim Soderberg, University of Minnesota, Morris
- Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry. Presented by Michigan State
Classics
- Cicero, On Pompey’s Command (De Imperio), 27–49. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, Commentary, and Translation, by Ingo Gildenhard, Louise Hodgson, et al, Cambridge University.
- Tacitus, Annals, 15.20-23, 33-45. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary, by Mathew Owen and Ingo Gildenhard, Cambridge University
- Virgil, Aeneid, 4.1–299. Latin Text, Study Questions, Commentary and Interpretative Essays by Ingo Gildenhard, by Cambridge University
- Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.53–86. Latin Text with Introduction, Study Questions, Commentary and English Translation, by Ingo Gildenhard, Cambridge University
Computer Science & Information Systems
- A Byte of Python, by Swaroop C H
- A First Course in Electrical and Computer Engineering by Louis Scharf, Colorado State
- Artificial Intelligence: Foundations of Computational Agents by David Poole and Alan Mackworth, University of British Columbia
- Bits, Signals, and Packets: An Introduction to Digital Communications and Networks by Hari Balakrishnan, Christopher Terman, and George Verghese, MIT
- Code Like a Pythonista: Idiomatic Python, by David Goodger
- Computational Geometry by Nicholas M. Patrikalakis, Takashi Maekawa, MIT
- Dive into Python, by Mark Pilgrim
- Foundations of Computer Science by Al Aho (Columbia) and Jeff Ullman (Stanford)
- How to Design Programs: An Introduction to Computing and Programming, Multiple Authors
- High Performance Computing by Charles Severance, University of Michigan
- How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: C ++ ( PDF) by Allen B. Downey, Olin College
- How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Java by Allen B. Downey, Olin College
- How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Python by Allen B. Downey, Olin College
- How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Learning with Python 3 by Peter Wentworth, Jeffrey Elkner, Allen B. Downey, and Chris Meyers.
- Implementing a One Address CPU in Logisim by Charles W. Kann III, Gettysburg College
- Information Technology and the Networked Economy by Patrick McKeown, University of Georgia
- Information Technology for Management by Henry Lucas, NYU
- Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms by David MacKay, Cambridge
- Introduction To MIPS Assembly Language Programming by Charles W. Kann III, Gettysburg College
- iPad and iPhone App Development (related to this video course) by Daniel Steinberg, Stanford
- Learn Python the Hard Way, by Zed A. Shaw
- Neural Networks and Deep Learning, by Michael Nielsen, Research Fellow at the Recurse Center
- Philosophy of Computer Science by William J. Rapaport, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
- Principles of Computer System Design: An Introduction (Part II) by Jerome Saltzer and M. Frans Kaashoek.
- Principles of Programming Languages by Grad Students, Johns Hopkins
- Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation by Dr. Shriram Krishnamurthi, Brown University.
- Prolog and Natural-Language Analysis by Fernando C. N. Pereira and Stuart M. Shieber, U Penn & Harvard
- Python for Informatics: Exploring Information by Charles Severance, University of Michigan
- Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs by Jerry Sussman & Julie Sussman
- Teach Yourself WordPerfect Mac by John Rethorst
- The Princeton Bitcoin Textbook by Arvind Narayanan (Princeton) and colleagues
Earth Science
- CK-12 Earth Science for Middle School by multiple authors.
- Earth Systems, an Earth Science Course (Grades 9-10). Published by Curriki. Covers California curriculum.
- Introduction to Physical Oceanography by Dr. Robert Stewart, Texas A&M University
Economics & Finance
- Principles of Macroeconomics by Libby Rittenberg and Timothy Tregarthen, Colorado College
Education
- Educational Psychology by Kevin Seifert and Rosemary Sutton, University of Manitoba and Cleveland State
Electrical Engineering
- Digital Circuit Projects: An Overview of Digital Circuits Through Implementing Integrated Circuits by Charles W. Kann, Gettysburg College
- Electromagnetics and Applications by David Staelin, MIT
- Electromechanical Dynamics by Herbert H. Woodson and James R. Melcher, MIT
- Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering I by Don Johnson, Rice University
- Introduction to Nanoelectronics by Marc Baldo, MIT
- Introduction to Physical Electronics by William Wilson, Rice University
- Introduction to Statics and Dynamics by Andy Ruina and Rudra Pratap, Cornell University
- Lessons In Electric Circuits by Tony R. Kuphaldt, Bellingham Technical College
- Operational Amplifiers: Theory and Practice by James K. Roberge, MIT
- Signals, Systems and Inference by MIT
- Signals and Systems, by Alan Oppenheim and Alan Willsky, MIT
- System Design for Uncertainty, by Michael S. Triantafyllou, MIT
- The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering: Mastering Complexity, by Prof. Sanjoy Mahajan
Engineering
- Analysis of Structural Member Systems by Jerome Connor, MIT
- Engineering: An Introduction for High School (9-12) by multiple authors
- Maneuvering and Control of Surface and Underwater Vehicles, by Michael S. Triantafyllou, MIT
- Mechanics of Materials by MIT
History
- US History Learner English (ESL) by The Learner English Series
- U.S. History since 1877 by James Ross-Nazzal, Houston Community College
Languages
- Deutsch im Blick by the University of Texas
- German for Reading Knowledge by Howard Martin, revised and expanded as an open online textbook by Alan Ng, University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Hindi: An Active Introduction by DN Sharma & James Stone, Foreign Service Institute
- Learning Chinese: A Foundation Course in Mandarin (Part 1). by Julian Wheatley, MIT
- My Korean 1 and 2 by Young-A Cho, In-Jung Cho, Monash University (Australia)
- Español I (free for iPad) by David Nance, ADE Distance Learning Center
- French: Familiarization and Short-Term Training by Foreign Service Institute
- Spanish: Familiarization and Short Term Training by Foreign Service Institute
Law
- Intellectual Property: Law & the Information Society—Cases and Materials by James Boyle and Jennifer Jenkins, Duke
Linguistics
- How Language Works: The Cognitive Science of Linguistics by Mike Gasser, Indiana University
Mathematics
- Abstract Algebra: The Basic Graduate Year by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
- Abstract Algebra: Theory and Applications by Thomas W. Judson, Stephen F. Austin State University
- Advanced Algebra II by Kenny Felder, Raleigh Charter High School
- Advanced Calculus by Sternberg Shlomo and Lynn Loomis, Harvard University
- Algebra 1 (Grades 9 & 10) by Andrew and Anne Gloag, High Tech High in San Diego, California
- Algebra and Analysis for Computer Science by Jean Gallier, University of Pennsylvania.
- Applied Probability by Paul Pfeiffer, Rice University
- Basic Analysis by Jiří Lebl, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Basic Concepts of Mathematics by Elias Zakon, The University of Windsor
- Basic Probability Theory by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
- Basic Probability and Statistics by Brenda Meery, high school mathematics teacher in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia
- Book of Proof by Dr. Richard Hammack, Virginia Commonwealth University
- Calculus for Beginners and Artists by MIT
- Calculus Online Textbook, by Gilbert Strang, MIT
- Calculus (PDF) by David Guichard, Whitman College.
- Calculus (PDF) by Gilbert Strang, MIT
- Calculus 1 by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
- Calculus 2 by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
- Calculus 3 by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
- Calculus with Applications, by Daniel Kleitman, MIT
- CK-12 Geometry (Grades 10-12) by multiple authors. Covers California curriculum.
- CK-12 Single Variable Calculus (Grades 11-12) by Multiple authors. Covers California curriculum.
- CK-12 Trigonometry – Second Edition (Grades 10-12) by multiple authors. Covers California curriculum.
- Collaborative Statistics by Barbara Illowsky, Ph.D and Susan Dean, De Anza College
- College Algebra by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
- Complex Analysis by George Cain, Georgia Institute of Technology
- Complex Variables by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
- Computational Geometry by Nicholas M. Patrikalakis, Takashi Maekawa, MIT
- A Computational Introduction to Number Theory and Algebra by Victor Shoup, NYU
- A Course In Algebraic Number Theory by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
- A Course In Commutative Algebra by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
- Design of Comparative Experiments by R. A. Bailey, University of London
- Difference Equations to Differential Equations: An Introduction to Calculus by Dan Sloughter, Furman University
- Differential Equations by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
- Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction by Oscar Levin, University of Northern Colorado
- Dynamical Systems by S. Sternberg, Harvard University
- Electronic Statistics Textbook by T. Hill & P. Lewicki.
- Elementary Abstract Algebra by W. Edwin Clark, University of Southern Florida
- Elementary Calculus: An Infinitesimal Approach by H. Jerome Keisler, University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Elementary Differential Equations (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
- Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
- Student Solutions Manual for Elementary Differential Equations and Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
- Elementary Linear Algebra by Keith Matthews, University of Queensland
- Elementary Number Theory by W. Edwin Clark, University of Southern Florida
- Elements of Abstract and Linear Algebra by Edwin H. Connell, University of Miami
- First Course in Complex Analysis by Matthias Beck, Gerald Marchesi, and Dennis Pixton, SUNY – Binghamton
- First Course in Linear Algebra by Dr. Robert Beezer, University of Puget Sound
- Functions Defined by Improper Integrals (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
- GeneratingFunctionology by Herbert Wilf, University of Pennsylvania
- Introduction to Matrix Algebra by Autar K Kaw, University of South Florida
- Introduction to Probability (PDF) by Charles Grinstead & J. Laurie Snell, Swarthmore & Dartmouth Colleges
- Introduction to Probability, Statistics, and Random Processes by Hossein Pishro-Nik, UMass Amherst
- Introduction to Real Analysis (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
- Introduction to Social Network Methods by Robert A. Hanneman and Mark Riddle, UC Riverside
- Introduction to Statistical Thought by Michael Lavine, UMASS
- Introductory Statistics: Concepts, Models, and Applications by David W. Stockburger, Missouri State
- Introduction to the Theory of Numbers by Leo Moser, McGill
- Lectures on Probability, Statistics and Econometrics by Marco Taboga, Economist, Bank of Italy
- Lectures on Statistics by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
- Linear Algebra (PDF) by Jim Hefferon, Saint Michael’s College
- Linear Algebra by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
- Math Alive by Ingrid Daubechies, Princeton University
- Math in Society by David Lipmann, Pierce College
- Math, Numerics, and Programming (for Mechanical Engineers) by Masayuki Yano, MIT
- Mathematical Methods of Engineering Analysis (PDF) by Erhan Çinlar and Robert J. Vanderbei, Princeton University
- Multivariable Calculus by George Cain & James Herod, Georgia Tech
- Proofs and Concepts: The Fundamentals of Abstract Mathematics by Dave Witte Morris and Joy Morris, University of Lethbridge
- Real Variables with Basic Metric Space Topology by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
- Statistics by Philip B. Stark, University of California – UC Berkeley
- A Summary of Calculus by Karl Heinz Dovermann, University of Hawaii
- The Book “A=B” by Marko Petkovsek, Herbert Wilf and Doron Zeilberger, Univ. of Pennsylvania and Rutgers
- The Method of Lagrange Multipliers (PDF) by William Trench, Trinity University
- The Calculus of Functions of Several Variables by Dan Sloughter, Furman University
- Yet Another Calculus Text by Dan Sloughter, Furman University
Music
- Beyond Slonimsky: Melodic Patterns for Guitar – by Rich Cochrane (Find alternate version here)
- Music Fundamentals 1: Pitch and Major Scales and Keys – by Terry B. Ewell, Towson University
- Music Fundamentals 3: Minor Scales and Keys – by Terry B. Ewell, Towson University
- Music Fundamentals 5: Triads, Chords, Introduction to Roman Numerals by Terry B. Ewell, Towson University
- Scale and Arpeggio Resources: A Guitar Encyclopedia by Rich Cochrane (Find alternate version here)
- Sound Reasoning (Introductory Music course) by Anthony Brandt, Rice University
- Understanding Basic Music Theory, Edited by Catherine Schmidt-Jones
Philosophy
- Animals and Ethics 101: Thinking Critically About Animal Rights by Nathan Nobis, Morehouse College
- A Modern Formal Logic Primer by Paul Teller, UC Davis
- Arguments: Deductive Logic Exercises, by H. Pospesel and D. Marans, UC Davis
- forall x: An Introduction to Formal Logic by PD Magnus, University at Albany, State University of New York
- forallx: Cambridge by P.D. Magnus; modified for Cambridge by Tim Button
- Metatheory for truth-functional logic by Tim Button, Cambridge University
Physics
- Age of Einstein, by Frank W. K. Firk, Yale University.
- Calculus-Based Physics by Jeffrey W. Schnick, Saint Anselm College
- Classical Electrodynamics by Bo Thidé, Uppsala School of Engineering
- College Physics (introductory, algebra-based, two-semester college physics book) by OpenStax
- Conceptual Physics by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
- Conservation Laws by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
- Essential Physics 1, Frank W.K. Firk, Yale University
- Fields by Warren Siegel, SUNY
- General Relativity by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
- Introduction to Groups, Invariants & Particles, by Frank W. K. Firk, Yale University
- Introduction to Statics and Dynamics by Andy Ruina and Rudra Pratap, Cornell University
- Introduction to String Field Theory by Warren Siegel, SUNY
- Mountain Motion (or on Scribd) by Dr. Christoph Schiller PhD, trained at Université Libre de Bruxelles
- Optics by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
- Principles of Modern Physics – Robert B. Leighton, Caltech
- Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation by Dr. Shriram Krishnamurthi, Brown University
- Simple Nature: An Introduction to Physics for Engineering and Physical Science Students by Ben Crowell, Fullerton College
- Superspace: One Thousand and One Lessons in Supersymmetry by Warren Siegel. Jim Gates, Marc Grisaru, and Martin Rocek, SUNY, McGill, University of Maryland
- The Feynman Lectures on Physics by Richard Feynman, Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands
- The Light and Matter Series (Six texts) by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
- Vibrations and Waves by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
- The Modern Revolution in Physics by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
- The People’s Physics Book by James H. Dann, UC Santa Cruz
- 21st Century Physics Flexbook: A Compilation of Contemporary and Emerging Technologies, by the Secretaries of Education and Technology and the Department of Education in the state of Virginia
Political Science
- Thinking About Politics: American Government in Associational Perspective by Paul F. deLespinasse, Adrian College
Psychology
- Educational Psychology by Kevin Seifert and Rosemary Sutton, University of Manitoba and Cleveland State
Sociology
- American Society: How It Actually Works by By Erik Olin Wright & Joel Rogers, University of Wisconsin
- Introduction to Sociology by multiple professors
System Theory
- Introduction to the Modeling and Analysis of Complex Systems by Hiroki Sayama, Binghamton University, State University of New York.
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