Genus of orchids
Cattleya ()[2] is a genus of orchids from Costa Rica south to Argentina .[1] The genus is abbreviated C in trade journals.[3]
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Description
Epiphytic or terrestrial orchids with cylindrical rhizome from which the fleshy noodle-like roots grow. Pseudobulbs can be conical, spindle-shaped or cylindrical; with upright growth; one or two leaves growing from the top of them. The leaves can be oblong, lanceolate or elliptical, somewhat fleshy, with smooth margin. The inflorescence is a terminal raceme with few or several flowers. Flowers have sepals and petals free from each other; the lip or labellum (lowermost petal), usually has a different coloration and shape from the rest of the flower and covers in part the flower column forming a tube. There are four pollinia (bag-like organs that contain pollen). The fruit is a capsule with many small seeds.[4] [5] [6]
Taxonomy
The genus was named in 1824 by John Lindley after horticulturalist William Cattley . Cattley obtained a specimen of then unnamed Cattleya labiata from William Swainson who had discovered the new plant in Pernambuco, Brazil, in 1817. The plant successfully bloomed under the care of Cattley and it became the type specimen from which Lindley described C. labiata .[7]
Currently accepted species and subgeneric division within genus Cattleya are:[8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]
Subgenus Cattleya
Section Cattleya
Section Crispae
Series Cattleyodes
Series Hadrolaelia
Series Microlaelia
Series Parviflorae
Series Sophronitis
Section Lawrenceanae
Subgenus Cattleyella
Subgenus Intermediae
Subgenus Maximae
Subgenus Cattleya
Section Cattleya
Section Crispae
Series Cattleyodes
Image
Name
Distribution
Elevation (m)
C. crispa
SE. Brazil
800 – 1500 meters
C. grandis
Brazil - SE. Bahia to N. Espírito Santo
.
C. lobata
SE. Brazil.
C. perrinii
SE. Brazil
700 – 900 meters
C. purpurata
SE. & S. Brazil
C. tenebrosa
Brazil - SE. Bahia to Espírito Santo
.
C. virens
SE. Brazil
1000 – 1500 meters
C. xanthina
Brazil - Bahia to Espírito Santo
.
Series Hadrolaelia
Image
Name
Distribution
Elevation (m)
C. alaorii
Brazil - Bahia
200 – 600 meters
C. bicalhoi
Brazil - S. Minas Gerais to Rio de Janeiro
500 – 2000 meters
C. jongheana
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1300 – 1600 meters
C. praestans
SE. Brazil
300 – 500 meters
C. pumila
SE. & S. Brazil
600 – 1300 meters
C. sincorana
Brazil - Bahia
1100 – 1500 meters
Series Microlaelia
Image
Name
Distribution
Elevation (m)
C. lundii
Bolivia to Argentina
740 – 1000 meters
Series Parviflorae
Image
Name
Distribution
Elevation (m)
C. alvarenguensis
Brazil - Minas Gerais
around 800 meters
C. alvaroana
Brazil - Rio de Janeiro
C. angereri
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1000–1300 meters
C. blumenscheinii
Brazil - Minas Gerais
around 1200 meters
C. bradei
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1100 – 1400 meters
C. briegeri
Brazil - Minas Gerais
around 1370 meter
C. campacii
Brazil
C. caulescens
Brazil - Minas Gerais
600 – 1200 meters
C. cinnabarina
Brazil - S. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro
800 – 1500 meters
C. colnagoi
Brazil - Minas Gerais
C. conceicionensis
Brazil - Minas Gerais
800 – 1200 meters
C. crispata
Brazil - Minas Gerais
400 – 1200 meters
C. endsfeldzii
Brazil - Minas Gerais
900 meters
C. esalqueana
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1100 – 1300 meters
C. flavasulina
Brazil - Minas Gerais
900 – 1440 meters
C. fournieri
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1100 – 1800 meters
C. ghillanyi
Brazil - Minas Gerais
C. gloedeniana
Brazil - São Paulo
around 1600 meters
C. gracilis
Brazil - Minas Gerais: Serra do Cipó
C. guanhanensis
Brazil - Minas Gerais
around 1100 meters
C. harpophylla
Brazil - Minas Gerais to Espírito Santo
500 – 900 meters
C. hatae
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1000 – 1100 meters
C. hegeriana
Brazil - Rio de Janeiro
1000 – 1200 meters
C. hispidula
Brazil - Minas Gerais
around 1200 meters
C. hoehnei
Brazil - Espírito Santo
around 800 meters
C. itambana
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1500 to 2200 meters
C. kautskyana
Brazil - Espírito Santo
600 – 1000 meters
C. kettieana
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1500 – 2000 meters
C. kleberi
Brazil - Minas Gerais
around 1100 meters
C. liliputana
Brazil - Minas Gerais: Serra do Ouro Branco
1200 – 1400 meters
C. locatellii
Brazil - Minas Gerais
C. longipes
SE. Brazil - Serra do Cipó
1300 – 2000 meters
C. luetzelburgii
Brazil - Bahia
1100 – 1700 meters.
C. macrobulbosa
Brazil - Espírito Santo
around 1600 meters
C. marcaliana
Brazil - Bahia
200 – 300 meters
C. milleri
Brazil - Minas Gerais
800 – 1300 meters
C. mirandae
Brazil - Minas Gerais
around 1300 meters
C. munchowiana
Brazil - Espírito Santo
1100 – 1300 meters
C. neokautskyi
SE. Brazil
600 – 1000 meters.
C. pabstii
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1200 meters
C. pendula
Brazil - Minas Gerais
C. pfisteri
Brazil - Bahia
around 1300 meters
C. presidentensis
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1000 – 1300 meters
C. reginae
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1200 – 2000 meters
C. rupestris
Brazil - Minas Gerais
C. sanguiloba
Brazil – Bahia
C. tereticaulis
Brazil - Minas Gerais
C. vandenbergii
Brazil - Minas Gerais
C. vasconcelosiana
Brazil - Minas Gerais
around 1100 meters
C. verboonenii
Brazil - Rio de Janeiro
C. viridiflora
Brazil - Minas Gerais
Series Sophronitis
Image
Name
Distribution
Elevation (m)
C. acuensis
Brazil - Rio de Janeiro
1800 – 2100 meters
C. alagoensis
Brazil - Alagoas
300 – 500 meters
C. brevipedunculata
Brazil - Minas Gerais
1220 – 2000 meters
C. cernua
Brazil to NE. Argentina
2 – 100 meters
C. coccinea
Brazil to NE. Argentina
650 – 1670 meters
C. dichroma
Brazil - Rio de Janeiro
1200 – 1525 meters
C. mantiqueirae
SE. Brazil
1200 – 1890 meters
C. pygmaea
Brazil - Espírito Santo
915 – 1067 meters
C. wittigiana
Brazil - Espírito Santo
700 – 2000 meters
Section Lawrenceanae
Image
Name
Distribution
Elevation (m)
C. lawrenceana
Venezuela, Guyana, N. Brazil
250 – 2400 meters
C. lueddemanniana
N. Venezuela
0 – 500 meters
C. wallisii
N. Brazil
Subgenus Cattleyella
Image
Name
Distribution
Elevation (m)
C. araguaiensis
Brazil
395 – 610 meters
Subgenus Intermediae
Subgenus Maximae
Image
Name
Distribution
Elevation (m)
C. maxima
S Ecuador to N Peru
10 – 1500 meters
Natural hybrids
Currently accepted natural hybrids are:[13]
Cattleya × adrienne (= Cattleya pumila × Cattleya jongheana) (Brazil)
Cattleya × albanensis
Cattleya × amanda
Cattleya × binotii (= ) (Brazil)
Cattleya × brasiliensis (= C. bicolor × C. harrisoniana ) (Brazil)
Cattleya × braunae
Cattleya × britoi (= C. crispata x C. mirandae ) (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
Cattleya × brymeriana (= C. violacea × C. wallisii ) (N. Brazil).
Cattleya × calimaniana (Brazil)
Cattleya × calimaniorum (NE Brazil)
Cattleya × carassana (Brazil)
Cattleya × cattleyioides (Brazil)
Cattleya × cipoensis (Brazil)
Cattleya × colnagiana (Brazil).
Cattleya × cristinae (Brazil).
Cattleya × cypheri
Cattleya × dasilvae
Cattleya × dayana (= C. forbesii × C. guttata ) (Brazil).
Cattleya × deckeri
Cattleya × delicata
Cattleya × diamantinensis (= C. pfisteri × C. sincorana) (Brazil).
Cattleya × dolosa (= C. loddigesii × C. walkeriana ) (Brazil).
Cattleya × dukeana (= C. bicolor × C. guttata ) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × duveenii (= C. guttata × C. harrisoniana ) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × elegans
Cattleya × ericoi
Cattleya × feldmanniana
Cattleya × fidelensis (Brazil - Rio de Janeiro).
Cattleya × frankeana
Cattleya × gaezeriana
Cattleya × gerhard-santosii
Cattleya × gottoana
Cattleya × gransabanensis (= C. jenmanii × C. lawrenceana ) (Venezuela).
Cattleya × gravesiana (= C. lueddemanniana × C. mossiae ) (Venezuela).
Cattleya × hardyana (= C. dowiana var.aurea × C. warscewiczii ) (Colombia).
Cattleya × heitoriana
Cattleya × hummeliana
Cattleya × hybrida (= C. guttata × C. loddigesii ) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × imperator (= C. granulata × C. labiata ) (NE. Brazil).
Cattleya × intricata (= C. intermedia × C. leopoldii ) (S. Brazil).
Cattleya × irrorata
Cattleya × isaacii
Cattleya × isabella (= C. forbesii × C. intermedia ) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × itabapoanaensis
Cattleya × jetibaensis
Cattleya × joaquiniana (= C. bicolor × C. walkeriana ) (Brazil) .
Cattleya × kautskyi (= C. harrisoniana × C. warneri ) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × kerchoveana
Cattleya × labendziana
Cattleya × lambari
Cattleya × lilacina
Cattleya × lucieniana (= C. forbesii × C. granulosa ) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × macguiganii
Cattleya × measuresii (= C. aclandiae × C. walkeriana ) (E. Brazil).
Cattleya × mesquitae (= C. nobilior × C. walkeriana ) (Brazil).
Cattleya × mingaensis
Cattleya × mixta (= C. guttata × C. schofieldiana ) (Brazil).
Cattleya × moduloi (C. schofieldiana × C. warneri ) (Brazil).
Cattleya × mucugensis
Cattleya × neocalimaniana
Cattleya × neocalimaniorum
Cattleya × neoreginae
Cattleya × nesyana
Cattleya × occhioniana
Cattleya × odiloniana
Cattleya × patrocinii (= C. guttata × C. warneriana ) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × picturata (= C. guttata × C. intermedia ) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × pittiana
Cattleya × porphyritis
Cattleya × porphyrophlebia
Cattleya × raganii
Cattleya × resplendens (= C. granulosa × C. schilleriana ) (NE. Brazil)
Cattleya × rigbyana
Cattleya × ruschii
Cattleya × sancheziana
Cattleya × schroederiana
Cattleya × schunkiana
Cattleya × schunkii
Cattleya × scita (= C. intermedia × C. tigrina ) (S. Brazil).
Cattleya × sgarbii
Cattleya × sororia
Cattleya × tenuata (= C. elongata × C. tenuis ) (Brazil) .
Cattleya × varelae
Cattleya × venosa (= C. forbesii × C. harrisoniana ) (Brazil).
Cattleya × verelii
Cattleya × victoria-regina ( C. guttata × C. labiata ) (NE. Brazil).
Cattleya × victoriacarolinae
Cattleya × wetmorei
Cattleya × whitei
Cattleya × wilsoniana (= C. bicolor × C. intermedia ). (Brazil).
Cattleya × wyattiana (= C. crispa × C. lobata ). (Brazil).
Cattleya × zaslawskii (= C. harpophylla × C. praestans ). (Brazil).
Cattleya × zayrae (= C. amethystoglossa × C. elongata ). (Bahia, Brazil)
Nothogenera
Hybrids of Cattleya and other genera are placed in the following nothogenera :
Cultivation
Cattleya mossiae fo. coerulea
Cattleyas need light, but not direct sunlight; in case of intense sunlight, shade must be provided.[14]
Day temperatures must be between 25-30 °C (77-86 °F) and night temperatures not lower than 10-12 °C (50-53.6 °F).[14]
Must be between 40-70% with good ventilation; however plants must not be exposed to air currents.[15]
Water only if substrate is dry. It can be done once a week, but it all depends on the environmental conditions and the season.[15]
Cattleyas can survive without fertilizing. However, it is advisable to use nitrogen-based fertilizers without urea ; fertilizers must be applied during the growth season.[15] To avoid salt accumulation in the substrate, water thoroughly between fertilizer applications.[15]
References
^ a b "Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families" . Royal botanic Gardens Kew. Retrieved 21 February 2017 .
^ Sunset Western Garden Book , 1995:606–607
^ "Alphabetical list of standard abbreviations of all generic names occurring in current use in orchid hybrid registration as at 31st December 2007" (PDF) . Royal Horticultural Society.
^ Buzatto, Cristiano Roberto; Ferreira, Priscila Porto Alegre; Welker, Cassiano Aimberê Dorneles; Seger, Guilherme Dubal dos Santos; Hertzog, Anelise; Singer, Rodrigo B. (2010). "O gênero Cattleya Lindl. (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil" . Revista Brasileira de Biociências (in Portuguese). 8 (4). ISSN 1980-4849 .
^ Withner, C. (1988). The Cattleyas and Their Relatives . Vol. 1: The Cattleyas. Timber Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 9780881920994 .
^ Schweinfurth, C., "Orchidaceae, Orchids of Peru", Fieldiana, Botany 30(3): 535
^ "Cattleya, Queen of the Orchids: The Showy Cattleya, Queen of the Orchids, BEGINNERS' HANDBOOK - XV" . www.aos.org . Retrieved 29 June 2017 .
^ Van den Berg, Cássio (2014). "Reaching a compromise between conflicting nuclear and plastid phylogenetic trees: a new classification for the genus Cattleya (Epidendreae; Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae)" . Phytotaxa . 186 (2): 75. doi :10.11646/phytotaxa.186.2.2 . ISSN 1179-3163 .
^ "Laelia gracilis - IOSPE PHOTOS" . www.orchidspecies.com . Retrieved 28 June 2017 .
^ "Cattleya hispidula - IOSPE PHOTOS" . www.orchidspecies.com . Retrieved 28 June 2017 .
^ "Cattleya gracilis (Pabst) Van den Berg — The Plant List" . www.theplantlist.org . Retrieved 28 June 2017 .
^ van den Berg, Cássio (2016). "Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae-VI. Further combinations in Cattleya (Orchidaceae)" . Neodiversity . 9 (1): 4–5. doi :10.13102/neod.91.2 . [permanent dead link ]
^ a b "Cattleya - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" . apps.kew.org . Archived from the original on 8 September 2009. Retrieved 1 July 2017 .
^ a b Schoser, Gustav (1993). Orchid Growing Basics . Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 64 . ISBN 9780806903620 .
^ a b c d "Cattleyas for the Beginner - Part 1" . www.aos.org . Retrieved 3 July 2017 .
External links
This page was last edited on 12 February 2024, at 21:48