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Coilin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COILgene.[5][6] Coilin got its name from the coiled shape of the Cajal bodies in which it is found. It was first identified using human autoimmune serum.
Function
Coilin protein is one of the main molecular components of Cajal bodies. Cajal bodies are non-membrane bound nuclear bodies of varying number and composition that are involved in the post-transcriptional modification of small nuclear and small nucleolar RNAs. In addition to its structural role, coilin acts as glue to connect the CB to the nucleolus. The N-terminus of the coilin protein directs its self-oligomerization while the C-terminus influences the number of nuclear bodies assembled per cell. Differential methylation and phosphorylation of coilin likely influences its localization among nuclear bodies and the composition and assembly of Cajal bodies. This gene has pseudogenes on chromosome 4 and chromosome 14.[6]
To study CBs, coilin can be combined with GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) to form Coilin-GFP hybrid protein. The hybrid protein can then be used to locate CBs underneath a microscope, usually near the nucleolus of the cell. Other proteins that make up the CB include snRNPs and nucleolar snoRNPs.
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Lyon CE, Bohmann K, Sleeman J, Lamond AI (1997). "Inhibition of protein dephosphorylation results in the accumulation of splicing snRNPs and coiled bodies within the nucleolus". Exp. Cell Res. 230 (1): 84–93. doi:10.1006/excr.1996.3380. PMID9013710.
Liu J, Hebert MD, Ye Y, Templeton DJ, Kung H, Matera AG (2000). "Cell cycle-dependent localization of the CDK2-cyclin E complex in Cajal (coiled) bodies". J. Cell Sci. 113 (9): 1543–52. doi:10.1242/jcs.113.9.1543. PMID10751146.
Young PJ, Le TT, Dunckley M, Nguyen TM, Burghes AH, Morris GE (2001). "Nuclear gems and Cajal (coiled) bodies in fetal tissues: nucleolar distribution of the spinal muscular atrophy protein, SMN". Exp. Cell Res. 265 (2): 252–61. doi:10.1006/excr.2001.5186. PMID11302690.
Shpargel KB, Ospina JK, Tucker KE, Matera AG, Hebert MD (2003). "Control of Cajal body number is mediated by the coilin C-terminus". J. Cell Sci. 116 (Pt 2): 303–12. doi:10.1242/jcs.00211. PMID12482916. S2CID24967810.
Sleeman JE, Trinkle-Mulcahy L, Prescott AR, Ogg SC, Lamond AI (2004). "Cajal body proteins SMN and Coilin show differential dynamic behaviour in vivo". J. Cell Sci. 116 (Pt 10): 2039–50. doi:10.1242/jcs.00400. PMID12679382. S2CID9085320.
This page was last edited on 26 March 2024, at 22:57