Early Muslim scholar (c.680-763)
Hishām ibn ʿUrwah (Arabic: هشام بن عروة, c. 680–763) was a prominent narrator of hadith.
He was born in Medina in the year 61 A.H. (680 C.E.).[2] His father was Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, the son of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam and Asma bint Abu Bakr, and his mother was an unnamed concubine.[3]
He married Fatima bint Mundhir, and their children were al-Zubayr, Urwah and Muhammad.[3]: 294
As a narrator, Hisham is described as "reliable and firm, with a lot of hadith, and he was an authority." He narrated from his father, Urwah; from his wife, Fatima; and from Wahb ibn Kaysan.[3]: 294 Among his pupils was Malik ibn Anas.[1] The young Muhammad ibn Umar al-Waqidi also listened to him;[3]: 294 however, al-Waqidi would have been only 16 years old when Hisham died.[3]: 388
However, Hisham is described as being unreliable after moving to Iraq by Ya'qub bin Shayba and even Malik Ibn Anas went so far as to refuse any reports from him after moving there. In addition, according to Al-Dhahabi, Hisham's memory declined due to old age.[4]
Hisham died in Baghdad[3]: 294 in 146 A.H. (763 C.E.)[2]
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See also
References
- ^ a b Ayesha's Age
- ^ a b Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib, xi, 51: see also Al-Dhahabi, Mīzān al-I'tidāl.
- ^ a b c d e f Muhammad ibn Sa'd. The Men of Madina Volume II. Translated by Aisha Bewley. London: Ta-Ha (2000).
- ^ Little, J. J. The Hadith of ʿĀʾišah’s Marital Age: a Study in the Evolution of Early Islamic Historical Memory. University of Oxford, 2022.
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| | | | | | | | Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions | | | | | | | | | |
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Abdullah ibn Masud (died 653) taught | | Ali (607–661) fourth caliph taught | Aisha, Muhammad's wife and Abu Bakr's daughter taught | Abd Allah ibn Abbas (618–687) taught | Zayd ibn Thabit (610–660) taught | Umar (579–644) second caliph taught | Abu Hurairah (603–681) taught |
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Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taught | | Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) taught | Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by Aisha | Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taught | Abdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taught | Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught | | |
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Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taught | | | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taught | | | | | Hisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taught | Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taught | Salim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taught | Umar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar | | | | |
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Hammad bin ibi Sulman taught | | | Muhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taught | | Farwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother | | | | |
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Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taught | Zayd ibn Ali (695–740) | Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught | | Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taught | | Al-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn Anas | | Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas | | |
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Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqh | Muhammad al-Shaybani (749–805) | | | al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught | | Ismail ibn Ibrahim | | Ali ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the Companions | | Ibn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography |
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Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775) | Musa al-Kadhim (745–799) | | Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith books | Muhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith books | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books | Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school | Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books | Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles |
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| | | | | | | | | | | Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith book | | Abu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book |
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Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver Shia | | | | | | | | | | | Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari | | Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna |
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Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver Shia | | Sharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver Shia | | Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver Shia | | | Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on Sufism | | Rumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism | |
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Key: Some of Muhammad's Companions | Key: Taught in Medina | Key: Taught in Iraq | Key: Worked in Syria | Key: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadith | Key: Worked in Persia |
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This page was last edited on 10 May 2024, at 20:52